1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to check valves.
2. Description of the Related Art
A common form of check valve is a ball member that is biased against a valve seat by a spring. Check valves are used to provide one way flow in a wide variety of applications, including chemical injection devices. Cavitation of fluid passing through the check valve can cause undesirable erosion of the check valve ball and seat.
The present invention provides improved check valve designs that reduce fluid cavitation. In addition, the design of the valve reduces erosion around the valve seat.
The advantages and other aspects of the invention will be readily appreciated by those of skill in the art and better understood with further reference to the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters designate like or similar elements throughout the several figures of the drawings and wherein:
The axial bore 14 generally contains a piston assembly 24, a valve seat 26, and a check dart assembly 28. The piston assembly 24 includes a piston housing 30 that defines an enlarged-diameter inner chamber 32 and a reduced-diameter inner chamber 34. The piston housing 30 is fixedly secured within the bore 14. Piston member 36 is moveably disposed within the inner chambers 32, 34. The piston member 36 includes an enlarged base portion 38 and a reduced-diameter prong portion 40 that extends axially from the base portion 38. The prong portion 40 presents a curved distal end face 43. In the depicted embodiment, an axial flow passage 42 and a plurality of lateral flow passages 44 are formed within the enlarged base portion 38 of the piston member 36. A generally cylindrical sleeve 39 is fixedly disposed within the bore 14 and radially surrounds the base portion 38 of the piston member 36. When the valve 10 is in the closed position, the lateral flow passages 44 are closed off by the sleeve 39. In a preferred embodiment, the base portion 38 of the piston member 36 presents an outer radial surface 41 that is roughened in order to provide increased frictional resistance against movement with respect to the sleeve 39. In one embodiment, the radial surface 41 is roughened by threading, as depicted in
The downstream end of the piston housing 30 abuts the valve seat 26. The valve seat 26 defines a reduced-diameter flow passage 46. The prong portion 40 of the piston member 36 is shaped and sized to pass through the flow passage 46 loosely such that fluid may flow around the prong portion 40 (see
The check dart assembly 28 includes a check dart 48 that has an elongated shaft portion 50 and a head portion 52. An outwardly projecting flange 54 is located between the shaft and head portions 50, 52. An axial bore 56 is defined along the length of the shaft portion 50. The head portion 52 is preferably conically shaped and has lateral flow openings 58 disposed therein which are in communication with the bore 56.
The check dart assembly 28 also includes a compression spring 60 that radially surrounds the shaft portion 50 of the check dart 48. The spring 60 axially abuts the flange 54 at one end and an adjustment member or adjustment nut 62, which lies radially outside of the shaft portion 50, at the other axial end. The adjustment nut 62 is engaged by loose threading with the shaft portion 50 and the nut 62 may be rotated with respect to the shaft portion 50 in order to adjust axial compression loading on the spring 60. A locking nut 64 also radially surrounds the shaft portion 50 and is engaged by threading with the shaft portion 50. The locking nut 64 may be rotated with respect to the shaft portion 50 in order to secure the adjustment nut 62 in place axially upon the shaft portion 50. Due to the bias provided by the spring 60, the head portion 52 of the check dart 48 is in continuous contact with the curved end face 43 of the prong portion 40 of the piston member 36.
The valve 10 may be moved from the closed position (
In particular embodiments, the flow patterns provided by the valve 10 reduce cavitation of fluid passing through the valve 10. The sleeve 39 is used to block flow through lateral passages 44 until the check dart 48 is lifted off of the valve seat 26. Proper placement of the lateral passages 44 within the base portion 38 of the piston member 36 will allow the head portion 52 of the check dart 48 to have an increased clearance of the valve seat 26 as flow through the passage 46 of the valve seat 26 occurs. As a result, a wider gap (70 in
Also, the design of the valve 10 allows selective adjustment of the force required to open the valve 10 by rotation of the adjustment nut 62 to increase or decrease a pre-compressive force to the spring 60. As the spring 60 is compressed by rotation of the adjustment nut 62, the force required to open the valve 10 is increased. Conversely, as the spring 60 is uncompressed by opposite rotation of the adjustment nut 62, the force required to open the valve 10 is reduced.
Where a roughened radial surface 41 is used for the valve 10, the opening force for a particular valve 10 may be adjusted by altering the length of the base portion 38 of the piston member 36 or, at least, the length of the roughened radial surface 41 of the base portion 38.
The check dart 126 is similar to the check dart 48 described previously. Lateral flow openings 132 and bore 134 are defined within the check dart 126. Spring 136 is similar to the spring 60 described previously. The adjustment nut 138 is similar to the adjustment nut 62 described earlier. The valve 100 is also provided with a pair of locking nuts 140, 142. In the depicted embodiment, the locking nut 140 has a standard, right-handed thread. The locking nut 142 has a left-handed thread. A spacer ring 144 is located between the adjustment nut 138 and the locking nut 140 to help prevent the transmission of torque from the locking nut 142 to the adjustment nut 138. A user can rotate the adjustment nut 138 to adjust axial compression loading on the spring 136. Thereafter, the adjustment nut 138 is secured in place by tightening the first locking nut 140 and spacer ring 144 up against the adjustment nut 138. Then, the second locking nut 142 is rotated and tightened up against the first locking nut 140. The use of two, oppositely-threaded locking nuts 140, 142 helps prevent inadvertent loosening of the adjustment nut 138.
In operation, fluid is flowed toward the valve 100 along fluid conduit 148. No fluid will enter the valve 100 due to the presence of burst disc 110. After fluid pressure has been increased to create a sufficient pressure differential across the disc 110, the disc 110 will rupture, allowing fluid to enter the valve 100. The valve 100 will open and close in largely the same manner as the valve 10 described earlier.
Those of skill in the art will recognize that numerous modifications and changes may be made to the exemplary designs and embodiments described herein and that the invention is limited only by the claims that follow and any equivalents thereof.
The present application claims priority to U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/533,323 filed Sep. 12, 2011.
Number | Date | Country | |
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61533323 | Sep 2011 | US |