Valve operating apparatus for internal combustion engine

Abstract

A valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine including a drive cam, first and second swing cams, first and second motion transmission mechanisms and first and second valve actuating members. The first and second swing cams are provided with identical swing motion characteristic with respect to a rotation angle of the drive cam through the first and second motion transmission mechanisms. The first swing cam and the first valve actuating member cooperate with each other to provide a valve lift amount of the engine valve for the first group of cylinders with respect to a swing angle of the first swing cam which is identical to a valve lift amount of the engine valve for the second group of cylinders with respect to a swing angle of the second swing cam.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine, according to the present invention, as viewed from a front side thereof.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus, as viewed from another direction.

FIG. 3 is a cross section of the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus, taken along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the engine.

FIG. 4 is a cross section of an essential part of a V-type internal combustion engine to which the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus is applied.

FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram showing a swing cam and a roller in the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus which are disposed on a side of a right bank, and a trail of the roller rolling on a cam surface of the swing cam, and FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram showing a swing cam and a roller in the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus which are disposed on a side of a left bank, and a trail of the roller rolling on a cam surface of the swing cam.

FIGS. 6A-6D are explanatory diagrams showing an operation of the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus on the side of the right bank under minimum lift control.

FIGS. 7A-7D are explanatory diagrams showing an operation of the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus on the side of the right bank under maximum lift control.

FIGS. 8A-8D are explanatory diagrams showing an operation of the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus on the side of the left bank under minimum lift control.

FIGS. 9A-9D are explanatory diagrams showing an operation of the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus on the side of the left bank under maximum lift control.

FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a valve lift curve of engine valves on the respective sides of the right and left banks which is provided in the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an asymmetric valve lift curve with respect to a peak lift, and shows a cross section of the essential part of the first embodiment of the valve operating apparatus and a partially enlarged view thereof in a circle.

FIGS. 12A-12D are explanatory diagrams showing a minimum lift control operation of a valve operating apparatus as a reference case in which a swing cam on the side of the left bank has the same cam profile as that of a swing cam on the side of the right bank.

FIGS. 13A-13D are explanatory diagrams similar to FIGS. 12A-12D but show a maximum lift control operation of the valve operating apparatus.

FIG. 14 is a cross section of an essential part of a second embodiment of the valve operating apparatus according to the present invention.

FIGS. 15A and 15B are cross sections of a third embodiment of the valve operating apparatus according to the present invention, which is applied to an in-line 6-cylinder internal combustion engine.

FIG. 16 is a characteristic diagram showing valve lift curves of intake valves on right and left banks in a conventional V-type internal combustion engine.

Claims

1. A valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine that includes a first group of cylinders and a second group of cylinders and at least one engine valve for each of the cylinders in the first and second groups, the valve operating apparatus comprising: a drive cam fixed to a shaft which is rotated in synchronization with a crankshaft of the engine;a swing cam disposed so as to be swingable about an axis;a motion transmission mechanism operative to convert torque of the drive cam to a swing motion of the swing cam; anda valve actuating member which operates the engine valve to be open and closed in association with the swing motion of the swing cam;the drive cam, the swing cam, the motion transmission mechanism and the valve actuating member being disposed for each of the cylinders in the first and second groups,wherein the swing cam includes a first swing cam for the first group of cylinders and a second swing cam for the second group of cylinders, the motion transmission mechanism includes the first motion transmission mechanism for the first group of cylinders and a second motion transmission mechanism for the second group of cylinders, and the valve actuating member includes a first valve actuating member for the first group of cylinders and a second valve actuating member for the second group of cylinders,wherein the first and second swing cams are provided with identical swing motion characteristic with respect to a rotation angle of the drive cam through the first and second motion transmission mechanisms, andwherein the first swing cam and the first valve actuating member cooperate with each other to provide a valve lift amount of the engine valve for the first group of cylinders with respect to a swing angle of the first swing cam which is identical to a valve lift amount of the engine valve for the second group of cylinders with respect to a swing angle of the second swing cam.

2. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first swing cam and the second swing cam have cam profiles different from each other.

3. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising control mechanisms which respectively control attitudes of the first and second motion transmission mechanisms so as to provide an identical operating characteristic of the first and second motion transmission mechanisms.

4. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the valve operating apparatus is applicable to a V-type internal combustion engine including two banks which are mirror-symmetrically arranged with respect to a bank centerline.

5. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the valve actuating members are arranged on the two banks in a mirror-symmetric relation to each other with respect to the bank centerline.

6. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the valve actuating member is provided on each of the two banks, and the valve actuating members provided on the two banks are different in construction.

7. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the valve operating apparatus is applicable to an in-line internal combustion engine.

8. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first motion transmission mechanism is mounted to the first swing cam in a mounting angle position which is angularly offset about the axis of the first swing cam from a mounting angle position of the second motion transmission mechanism with respect to the second swing cam.

9. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first swing cam is mounted to the first motion transmission mechanism in a mounting angle position which is angularly offset about the axis of the first swing cam from a mounting angle position of the second swing cam with respect to the second motion transmission mechanism.

10. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a moment of inertia of the first swing cam about the axis of the first swing cam is substantially identical to a moment of inertia of the second swing cam about the axis of the second swing cam.

11. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first and second valve actuating members each comprise a valve spring which biases the engine valve toward a closed position, the valve spring comprising a valve spring for the first group of cylinders and a valve spring for the second group of cylinders, the valve spring for the first group of cylinders having a spring force which is set to be different from a spring force of the valve spring for the second group of cylinders depending on moment of inertia of the first swing cam and moment of inertia of the second swing cam.

12. The valve operating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the valve actuating member comprises a cylindrical valve lifter for the first group of cylinders and a swing arm for the second group of cylinders.

13. A valve operating apparatus for a V-type internal combustion engine that includes a first group of cylinders and a second group of cylinders which are arranged in a generally V-shape and at least one engine valve for each of the cylinders in the first and second groups, the valve operating apparatus comprising: a drive cam fixed to a shaft which is rotated in synchronization with a crankshaft of the engine;a swing cam disposed so as to be swingable about an axis;a motion transmission mechanism operative to convert torque of the drive cam to a swing motion of the swing cam; anda valve actuating member which operates the engine valve to be open and closed in association with the swing motion of the swing cam, the valve actuating member including a cam follower which follows the swing cam;the drive cam, the swing cam, the motion transmission mechanism and the valve actuating member being disposed for each of the cylinders in the first and second groups,wherein the swing cam includes a first swing cam for the first group of cylinders and a second swing cam for the second group of cylinders, and the motion transmission mechanism includes a first motion transmission mechanism for the first group of cylinders and a second motion transmission mechanism for the second group of cylinders,wherein the first and second swing cams are provided with identical swing motion characteristic through the first and second motion transmission mechanisms, andwherein the first swing cam has a cam profile configured to provide a valve lift curve of the engine valve for the first group of cylinders which is identical to a valve lift curve of the engine valve for the second group of cylinders,the cam profile of the first swing cam being set as an envelope which is drawn by arcuate loci of the cam follower following the first swing cam when the engine valve for the first group of cylinders is operated to be open and closed,the envelope being determined on the basis of a distance between a center of curvature of each of the loci of the cam follower and the axis of the first swing cam, and an angle which is formed between a line extending through the center of curvature of each of the loci of the cam follower and the axis of the first swing cam and a line extending through the axis of the first swing cam and a connection point between the first swing cam and the first motion transmission mechanism.

14. A valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine that includes a first group of cylinders and a second group of cylinders and at least one engine valve for each of the cylinders in the first and second groups, the valve operating apparatus comprising: a drive cam fixed to a shaft which is rotated in synchronization with a crankshaft of the engine;a swing cam disposed so as to be swingable about an axis;a motion transmission mechanism operative to convert torque of the drive cam to a swing motion of the swing cam; anda valve actuating member which operates the engine valve to be open and closed in association with the swing motion of the swing cam, the valve actuating member including a cam follower which follows the swing cam;the drive cam, the swing cam, the motion transmission mechanism and the valve actuating member being disposed for each of the cylinders in the first and second groups,wherein the swing cam includes a first swing cam for the first group of cylinders and a second swing cam for the second group of cylinders, and the motion transmission mechanism includes a first motion transmission mechanism for the first group of cylinders and a second motion transmission mechanism for the second group of cylinders,wherein the first and second motion transmission mechanisms are constructed to provide the first and second swing cams with identical swing motion characteristic, andwherein the first swing cam has a cam profile which is different from a cam profile of the second swing cam, the cam profile of the first swing cam being set as an envelope which is drawn by arcuate loci of the cam follower of the valve actuating member which follows the first swing cam when the first swing cam is operated so as to provide a valve lift curve of the engine valve for the first group of cylinders which is identical to a valve lift curve of the engine valve for the second group of cylinders.