The present invention relates to a vane pump.
JP2006-125210A discloses a vane pump having a cut-out portion formed in a side surface of a cam ring that is in contact with a side plate. The cut-out portion is formed in a portion facing a suction concave portion formed in the side plate. In the vane pump disclosed in JP2006-125210A, a suction port is formed by the suction concave portion and the cut-out portion.
In the vane pump disclosed in JP2006-125210A, as a rotor is rotated, working oil is sucked into pump chambers defined between vanes through the suction port from a passage formed between an outer circumference of the cam ring and an inner circumference of a body bore. However, with the vane pump disclosed in JP2006-125210A, because a flow path through which the working oil flows into the pump chambers from the suction port is curved, a pressure loss tends to be caused when the working oil is sucked. Therefore, there is a risk in that the working oil may not be sucked at a sufficient amount when the vane pump is rotated at a high speed, for example.
It is an object of the present invention to improve a suction efficiency of working fluid in a vane pump.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a vane pump includes: a rotor configured to be driven rotationally; a plurality of vanes provided on the rotor so as to be able to reciprocate in a radial direction of the rotor; a cam ring having an inner circumference cam face with which tip-end portions of the plurality of vanes are brought into sliding contact as the rotor rotates; a first side member and a second side member arranged so as to sandwich the rotor and the cam ring; a pump chamber partitioned by the rotor, the cam ring, the adjacent vanes, the first side member, and the second side member; a suction port configured to guide working fluid to the pump chamber; and an annular concave portion formed in an outer circumferential surface of the rotor, wherein both side surfaces of the concave portion are inclined so as to approach each other towards a bottom surface.
A vane pump 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The vane pump 100 is used as a hydraulic source for a hydraulic apparatus 1 mounted on a vehicle (for example, a power steering apparatus, a transmission, and so forth). Although description is given to the vane pump 100 using working oil as working fluid in this description, other fluid such as working water etc. may also be used as the working fluid.
As shown in
The driving shaft 10 is rotatably supported by a pump body 50 and a pump cover 60. As a motive force from an engine or an electric motor (not shown) is transmitted to the driving shaft 10, the rotor 20 is rotated by the rotationally driven driving shaft 10.
In the following, the direction along the rotation center axis of the rotor 20 will also be referred to as “the axial direction”, and the radial direction of the rotor 20 and the rotation direction of the rotor 20 during a normal operation of the vane pump 100 will also be referred to simply as “the radial direction” and “the rotation direction”, respectively.
In addition, the vane pump 100 further includes first and second side plates 70 and 80 serving as first and second side members that are arranged so as to sandwich the rotor 20 and the cam ring 40 in the axial direction. The first and second side plates 70 and 80 have side surfaces 70a and 80a, respectively, that are brought into contact with the rotor 20 and the cam ring 40. Pump chambers 41 are partitioned by the rotor 20, the cam ring 40, the adjacent vanes 30, the first side plate 70, and the second side plate 80.
Next, a shape of the rotor 20 will be described.
As shown in
As shown in
The concave portion 23 includes a side surface 23A that is formed on the side of an end surface 20b of the rotor 20 facing the first side plate 70, a side surface 23B that is formed on the side of the ridge portion 25, and a bottom surface 23C that is formed of a concave curved surface between the side surface 23A and the side surface 23B. The concave portion 23 is formed to be inclined such that the side surface 23A and the side surface 23B approach each other towards the bottom surface 23C. The bottom surface 23C is formed of the concave curved surface that is continuous with the side surface 23A and the side surface 23B.
The concave portion 24 includes a side surface 24A that is formed on the side of an end surface 20c of the rotor 20 facing the second side plate 80, a side surface 24B that is formed on the side of the ridge portion 25, and a bottom surface 24C that is formed of the concave curved surface between the side surface 24A and the side surface 24B. The concave portion 24 is formed to be inclined such that the side surface 24A and the side surface 24B approach to each other towards the bottom surface 24C. The bottom surface 24C is formed of the concave curved surface that is continuous with the side surface 24A and the side surface 24B.
As shown in
Referring again to
As the rotor 20 is rotated, the centrifugal force acts on the vanes 30. The vanes 30 are pushed out by the centrifugal force in the direction in which the vanes 30 are projected out from the slits 22, and thus, the tip-end portions 31 of the vanes 30 are pushed against the inner circumferential surface 40a of the cam ring 40.
The inner circumferential surface 40a of the cam ring 40 is formed to have a substantially oval shape. In the following, the inner circumferential surface 40a may also be referred to as “the inner circumference cam face 40a”.
Because the inner circumference cam face 40a of the cam ring 40 is formed to have a substantially oval shape, as the rotor 20 is rotated, the vanes 30 reciprocate in the radial direction with respect to the rotor 20. Along with the reciprocating movement of the vanes 30, the pump chambers 41 are repeatedly expanded and contracted.
In this embodiment, as the rotor 20 completes a full rotation, the rotor 20, the vanes 30 reciprocate twice, and the pump chambers 41 repeat the expansion and contraction twice. In other words, the vane pump 100 has, in an alternate manner in the rotating direction, two expansion regions 42a and 42c where the pump chambers 41 are expanded and two contraction regions 42b and 42d where the pump chambers 41 are contracted.
Referring again to
An annular groove 52 is formed in the bottom surface 51a of the accommodating hollow portion 51. A high-pressure chamber 53 into which the working oil that has been discharged from the pump chambers 41 flows is formed by the annular groove 52 and the first side plate 70. The working oil that has been discharged from the pump chambers 41 is supplied to the hydraulic apparatus 1 through the high-pressure chamber 53.
The first side plate 70 is provided with two discharge ports 72 that guide the working oil discharged from the pump chambers 41 to the high-pressure chamber 53. The discharge ports 72 are provided so as to be respectively located in the contraction regions 42b and 42d.
While the pump chambers 41 (see
The vanes 30 are pushed into the slits 22 to the utmost extent when moving from the contraction region 42d to the expansion region 42a and when moving from the contraction region 42b to the expansion region 42c, and at these times, the volumes of the pump chambers 41 are minimized. The working oil, the amount of which corresponds to the minimum volume of the pump chambers 41, is not discharged from the pump chambers 41 while the pump chambers 41 pass through the contraction regions 42d and 42b and stays in the pump chambers 41. As described above, the minimum volume of the pump chambers 41 does not contribute to the function of the pump and may also be referred to as a dead volume.
The first side plate 70 is formed with two back-pressure passages 73 (see
As described above, in this embodiment, the vanes 30 are pushed in the direction in which the vanes 30 are projected out from the slits 22 not only by the centrifugal force that is caused by the rotation of the rotor 20 but also by the pressure in the back pressure chambers 26.
Referring again to
An opening portion of the accommodating hollow portion 51 is closed by the pump cover 60. The pump cover 60 are fixed to the pump body 50 by bolts (not shown). The second side plate 80 is arranged between the pump cover 60 and the cam ring 40.
The pump cover 60 is formed with a low pressure chamber 61. The low pressure chamber 61 is connected to a tank 2 through a low-pressure passage. When the vane pump 100 is operated, the working oil in the tank 2 is supplied to the low pressure chamber 61 through the low-pressure passage. The low pressure chamber 61 communicates with the fluid chamber 54, and the working oil in the tank 2 is supplied to the fluid chamber 54 through the low pressure chamber 61.
The cam ring 40 and the second side plate 80 are provided with side ports 81 serving as suction ports that guide the working oil in the low pressure chamber 61 to the pump chambers 41. In addition, the cam ring 40 and the first side plate 70 are provided with side ports 74 serving as the suction ports that guide the working oil in the fluid chamber 54 to the pump chambers 41. The side ports 74 and 81 are provided so as to be respectively located in the expansion regions 42a and 42c.
While the pump chambers 41 pass through the expansion regions 42a and 42c (see
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
Next, the operation of the vane pump 100 will be described.
As the motive force from the engine or the electric motor (not shown) is transmitted to the driving shaft 10, the rotor 20 is rotated by the rotationally driven driving shaft 10. As the rotor 20 is rotated, the vanes 30 reciprocate with respect to the rotor 20, and the pump chambers 41 are repeatedly expanded and contracted.
The working oil in the tank 2 is sucked into the pump chambers 41 passing through the expansion regions 42a and 42c through the low pressure chamber 61 and the side ports 74 and 81 or through the low pressure chamber 61, the fluid chamber 54, and the side ports 74. At this time, as shown by arrows in
As the rotor 20 is rotated, the pump chambers 41 into which the working oil has been sucked as described above pass through the contraction regions 42b and 42d. At this time, the working oil in the pump chambers 41 is discharged from the discharge ports 72.
With the vane pump 100, because the concave portions 23 and 24 are formed in the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20, the dead volumes in the pump chambers 41 are increased. However, by providing the ridge portion 25 that projects from the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20 in the radial direction, the increase in the dead volumes of the pump chambers 41 is suppressed. In this description, the dead volume means the volume of the pump chamber 41 moving from the contraction region 42b or 42d to the expansion region 42a or 42c (the volume of the pump chamber 41 in a state in which the pump chamber 41 is closed while moving from the discharge port 72 to the side port 74 or 81). The dead volume will be explained below in detail.
When the concave portions 23 and 24 are formed in the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20, the dead volume in the vane pump 100 is increased correspondingly. High-pressure working oil that has entered when the dead volume was in communication with the discharge port 72 is trapped in the dead volume. Therefore, when the communication is established between the pump chamber 41 and the side port 74 or 81 as the pump chamber 41 moves from the discharge port 72 to the side port 74 or 81, the high-pressure working oil in the pump chambers 41 flows into the side port 74 or 81 where the pressure is low. At this time, the larger the dead volume is, the greater the amount of the working oil flowing into the side port 74 or 81 becomes. When the working oil flows into the side port 74 or 81 from the pump chambers 41 as described above, the suction of the working oil into the pump chambers 41 is disturbed, causing deterioration in the suction efficiency of the pump. Therefore, in the vane pump 100, by providing the ridge portion 25, the increase in the dead volume by the concave portions 23 and 24 is cancelled out. In other words, by providing the ridge portion 25 in the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20, it is possible to reduce the dead volumes of the pump chambers 41 that has been increased by the concave portions 23 and 24.
If there is no enough space for providing the ridge portion 25 between the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20 and the inner circumferential surface 40a of the cam ring 40, the ridge portion 25 may not be provided. In addition, in the embodiment shown in
In addition, in the embodiment shown in
The embodiment described above affords the following effects.
The vane pump 100 includes the annular concave portions 23 and 24 formed in the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20, and the concave portions 23 and 24 are inclined such that both side surfaces 23A, 23B, 24A, and 24B approach each other towards the bottom surfaces 23C and 24C. Therefore, the working oil that has been sucked from the side ports 74 and 81 is guided smoothly to the center side in the pump chambers 41 in the axial direction by the concave portions 23 and 24. With such a configuration, the suction efficiency of the pump is increased.
In addition, the side surfaces 23A and 24A of the two concave portions 23 and 24 are respectively formed at positions facing the cut-out portions 43 and 44. In addition, the side surfaces 23A and 24A of the concave portions 23 and 24 are formed to be inclined such that the flow of the working oil sucked from the cut-out portions 43 and 44 can be controlled. With such a configuration, although the working oil that has been sucked from the cut-out portions 43 and 44 flows into the pump chambers 41 from the direction substantially perpendicular to the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20, the working oil is guided smoothly into the pump chambers 41 by the inclined side surfaces 23A and 24A of the concave portions 23 and 24 (towards the center side in the axial direction of the pump chambers 41). Therefore, the pressure loss upon suction of the working oil from the cut-out portions 43 and 44 is reduced, and so, it is possible to improve the suction efficiency of the vane pump 100.
Furthermore, with the vane pump 100, because the bottom surfaces of the concave portions 23 and 24 are formed of the concave curved surfaces, it is possible to further smoothly guide the working oil that has been sucked from the side ports 74 and 81 into the pump chambers 41. With such a configuration, the suction efficiency of the vane pump 100 is further improved.
In addition, by providing the ridge portion 25, with the vane pump 100, it is possible to reduce the dead volumes of the pump chambers 41 that has been increased by providing the concave portions 23 and 24.
The configurations, operations, and effects of the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be collectively described.
The vane pump 100 includes: the rotor 20 configured to be driven rotationally; the plurality of vanes 30 provided on the rotor 20 so as to be reciprocate in the radial direction of the rotor 20; the cam ring 40 having the inner circumference cam face 40a with which the tip-end portions 31 of the plurality of vanes 30 are brought into sliding contact as the rotor 20 rotates; the first side member (the first side plate 70) and the second side member (the second side plate 80) arranged so as to sandwich the rotor 20 and the cam ring 40; the pump chambers 41 partitioned by the rotor 20, the cam ring 40, the adjacent vanes 30, the first side member (the first side plate 70), and the second side member (the second side plate 80); suction ports (the side ports 74 and 81) configured to guide the working fluid to the pump chambers 41; and the annular concave portions 23 and 24 formed in the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20, wherein both side surfaces (both of the side surfaces 23A and 23B and both of the side surfaces 24A and 24B) of the concave portions 23 and 24 are respectively inclined so as to approach each other towards the bottom surfaces 23C and 24C.
In this configuration, even when the working oil that has been sucked from the suction ports (the side ports 74 and 81) flows into the pump chambers 41 from the direction substantially perpendicular to the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20, because both side surfaces (both of the side surfaces 23A and 23B and both of the side surfaces 24A and 24B) of the concave portions 23 and 24 formed in the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20 are respectively inclined so as to approach each other towards the bottom surfaces 23C and 24C, the sucked working oil is guided smoothly towards the center side in the axial direction of the pump chambers 41 by both side surfaces (both of the side surfaces 23A and 23B and both of the side surfaces 24A and 24B) of the concave portions 23 and 24. Therefore, the suction efficiency of the vane pump 100 is improved.
According to the vane pump 100, the suction ports (the side ports 74 and 81) are the cut-out portions 43 and 44 formed in at least one of the end surface 40b of the cam ring 40 in contact with the first side member (the first side plate 70) and the end surface 40c of the cam ring 40 in contact with the second side member (the second side plate 80), the cut-out portions 43 and 44 being configured such that the inner circumferential surface of the cam ring 40 and the outer circumferential surface of the cam ring 40 are communicated, and the side surfaces 23A and 24A of the concave portions 23 and 24 on the sides of the end surfaces 20b and 20c of the rotor 20 are respectively formed at positions facing the cut-out portions 43 and 44.
In this configuration, the working oil that has been sucked from the cut-out portions 43 and 44 is guided smoothly into the pump chambers 41 by the side surfaces 23A and 24A of the concave portions 23 and 24 on the sides of the end surfaces 20b and 20c of the rotor 20. With such a configuration, the suction efficiency of the vane pump 100 is improved.
According to the vane pump 100, the bottom surfaces 23C and 24C of the concave portions 23 and 24 are respectively formed of the concave curved surfaces.
In this configuration, because the bottom surfaces 23C and 24C of the concave portions 23 and 24 are respectively formed of the concave curved surfaces, it is possible to further smoothly guide the working oil into the pump chambers 41. With such a configuration, it is possible to further improve the suction efficiency of the vane pump 100.
According to the vane pump 100, the rotor 20 includes the two concave portions 23 and 24 and the annular ridge portion 25 formed between the two concave portions 23 and 24, the annular ridge portion 25 being configured to project in the radial direction from the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20.
In this configuration, because the outer circumferential surface 20a of the rotor 20 is provided with the ridge portion 25, it is possible to reduce the dead volumes of the pump chambers 41.
Embodiments of this invention were described above, but the above embodiments are merely examples of applications of this invention, and the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the specific constitutions of the above embodiments.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the vane pump 100 is provided with two concave portions 23 and 24, the vane pump 100 may have a configuration in which either one of the concave portions is provided depending on the flow of the working oil being sucked into the pump chambers 41.
This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-25853 filed with the Japan Patent Office on Feb. 15, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated into this specification.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
2016-025853 | Feb 2016 | JP | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2016/077578 | 9/16/2016 | WO | 00 |