Patent Application
20190090580
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The disclosure and prior art relates to ankle bracing shoe structures and more particularly pertains to a new ankle bracing shoe structure for preventing injury to ankles by forming a protective and rigid shell around a person's ankle when the structure detects that the structure is being subjected to forces that could damage ligaments in the ankle.
An embodiment of the disclosure meets the needs presented above by generally comprising a shoe including a sole and a perimeter wall that is attached to and extends upwardly from the sole. The perimeter wall is configured to receive a foot. The sole has a top side, a bottom side and a perimeter edge extending between the top and bottom sides. The perimeter wall includes a vamp, a heel panel and an upper. The perimeter wall includes a lining comprising a foamed material. A magnetorheological fluid impregnates the foamed material and is configured to be alternated between a first state wherein the foamed material is bendable and a second state wherein the magnetorheological fluid forms a rigid structure within the foamed material such that the foamed material is not easily bendable. The lining forms a rigid and supportive shell when the magnetorheological fluid is in the second state. An actuating system is mounted on the shoe and is in operational communication with the magnetorheological fluid. The actuating system alters the magnetorheological fluid from the first state to the second state when a condition has been met. The condition is met when the actuating system detects a combination of a threshold angle and a threshold pressure has been surpassed by the sole.
There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the disclosure in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are additional features of the disclosure that will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto.
The objects of the disclosure, along with the various features of novelty which characterize the disclosure, are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure.
The disclosure will be better understood and objects other than those set forth above will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes reference to the annexed drawings wherein:
With reference now to the drawings, and in particular to
As best illustrated in
The perimeter wall 16 includes a lining 30 comprising a foamed material 40. As can be seen in
A magnetorheological fluid 42, which may be characterized as a smart fluid, impregnates the foamed material 40. This may thereafter be defined as magnetorheological foam or MR foam. The foamed material 40 may be open cell material with the magnetorheological fluid 42 may be added secondarily or embedded within the foam material 40 during the manufacturing of the foamed material 40. Alternatively, the magnetorheological fluid 42 may be microencapsulated and embedded into the foamed material 40. The magnetorheological fluid 42 is configured to be alternated between a first state wherein the foamed material 40 is bendable and a second state wherein the magnetorheological fluid 42 forms rigid columns and/or a matrix within the foamed material 40 such that the foamed material 40 is not bendable. The lining 30, as MR foam, forms a rigid, supportive and protective shell when the magnetorheological fluid 42 is in the second state. The magnetorheological fluid 42 may be any type of material whose structure is altered from a fluid or malleable one to a rigid one when either an electric field or a magnetic field.
Generally, the magnetorheological fluid 42 may be classified as an electroactive polymer. Electroactive polymers include a class of materials that organize their orientation and relative positions when subjected to magnetic fields or low level electric fields. With their orientations aligned and positioned and retained in a static condition relative to each other, the electroactive polymers, or magnetorheological iron particles, will form rigid columns within the foamed material. This change occurs on the order of milliseconds and is rapidly reversible when the magnetic or electric field is discontinued.
In order to form a more rigid structure to prevent the electroactive polymers from moving in sheets relative to one another when the magnetorheological fluid 42 is in the second state, the magnetorheological fluid 42 may be arranged in a pattern within the foamed material 40. These patterns may take one or multiple ones of many forms. For example, the patterns may include a web pattern, a diamond lattice pattern, helical and double helix shapes and the like.
An actuating system 50 is mounted on the shoe 12 and is in operationally communication with magnetorheological fluid 42. More particularly, this would include, for example, circuitry within the MR foam. The actuating system 50 actuates, or changes, the magnetorheological fluid 42 from the first state to the second state when a condition has been met and the actuating system actuates 50 the magnetorheological fluid 42 from the second state to the first state when a deactivation event occurs. The deactivation event may include a predetermined amount of time, removal of a power source, complete capacitor (or super capacitor) discharge, pressing of a power switch, remote activation or other input mechanisms.
The condition is met when the actuating system 50 detects a combination of a threshold angle and/or a threshold pressure that has been surpassed by the sole 14. To that end, the actuating system 50 includes a pressure sensor 52 that is mounted on the shoe 12 and detects an amount of force being exerted to the sole 14. The pressure sensor 52 may comprise a plurality of pressure sensors 52 and the pressure sensors 52 may be mounted within the sole 14 of the shoe 12. The total pressure on the sole 14 is measured to indicate that the shoe 12 is being used during a jumping or landing action. Because the total pressure is a factor of the weight of the person wearing the shoe, the threshold pressure will vary depending on the size of the shoe or may be adjusted to accommodate the person's weight. Typically the threshold pressure will be greater than two times the weight of the person.
An angle sensor 54 is mounted on the shoe 12 and detects an angle of orientation of the sole 14 to detect the threshold angle. More specifically, the angle sensor 54 detects lateral and angular displacement of the shoe 12. Thus, the angle of the bottom side 26 of the sole 12 from a toe end of the shoe 12 relative to a heal end of the sole 14 will not affect the angle sensor 54. However, the angle sensor 54 will be affected by an angle of the plane of the bottom side 26 of the sole 14 along a line extending between a left lateral side and a right lateral side of the shoe 12. Should that angle detected by the angle sensor 54 be greater than the threshold angle, which will typically be greater than 20°, relative to a horizontal plane, and may be greater than 30°, it will indicate that the user of the shoe 12 is in the process of stretching and possibly tearing ligaments within their ankle. As with the pressure sensor 52, a plurality of angle sensors 54 may be provided and each may be mounted within the sole 14. In such a case, the assembly 10 may require multiple ones of the angle sensors 54 detecting the angle of the shoe 12 being greater than the threshold ankle in order to activate the MR foam to the second state.
Alternatively, instead of including both pressure sensors 52 and angle sensors 54, the actuating system 50 may include only pressure sensors 52 positioned in the lateral edges of the sole 14. Large pressures positioned in one lateral edge but not the other would indicate that the wearer of the shoe 12 has landed on the edge detecting the pressure and that the ankle of the person is rolling outwardly or hyper inverting the ankle and potentially damaging the ligaments thereof. The shoe 12 may be constructed such that the sole 14 edge is formed to be angled equal to the threshold angle but include the pressure sensors in the perimeter edge 28 so that pressure at that edge would indicate that the shoe 12 is experiencing pressure forces at that angle and therefore the condition is being met.
A control processor 56 is in communication with the pressure sensor 52 and the angle sensor 54. The control processor 56 may be electrically coupled to the pressure 52 and angle 54 sensors or wirelessly coupled to the pressure 52 and angle 54 sensors. A conductor 58, which is an electrical conductor, and a capacitor 60, are operationally coupled to the control processor 56. The conductor 58 is operationally coupled to the magnetorheological fluid 42 and in general this will entail being in close proximity to the MR foam and may be embedded within the MR foam such that it will subject the MR foam to a magnetic field or electric discharge when energized. Multiple capacitors 60 may be arranged in parallel circuits to provide more current to multiple coils of conductors 58 positioned within the MR foam. The conductor 58 is not energized, or is turned off to cause the magnetorheological fluid 42 to enter the first state and energized, or turned on, by the capacitor(s) 60 to cause the magnetorheological fluid to enter the second state. If capacitors 60 are utilized, once they are fully discharged, the MR foam will return to the first state. The actuating system 50 is generally in a powered on state though a switch 62, either mechanically mounted on the shoe 12 or in remote communication with the control processor, may be utilized to turn the actuating system 50 on or off.
Depending on the type of magnetorheological fluid 42 to be used within the foamed material 40, the conductor 58 may create an electric field or a magnetic field when the conductor 58 is energized. As can be seen in
During usage of the shoe assembly 10, the control processor 56 receives data from the pressure sensor 52 and the angle sensor 54 and energizes the conductor 58 when the condition is met. The electrons flow through the conductor 58, or coil, to create a magnetic field and therefore induction of a magnetic field to cause the foamed material 40 to rapidly enter the second state to become rigid and thereby preventing the ankle from bending. A power source, or battery 64, is electrically coupled to the control processor and the conductor. The power source is also electrically coupled to the angle 54 and pressure 52 sensors. The power source may comprise a rechargeable battery that is recharged through a kinetic energy harvesting source mounted on the shoe 12.
In use, the shoe assembly 10 is worn in used in a conventional manner. However when a threshold angle deflection is detected, in combination with a specific amount of force, electrons from the capacitor 60 flow through the conductor 58, or wires, to induce a magnetic field. This causes the foamed material 40 to enter the second state to prevent ligament damage to the wearer's ankle. Upon the occurrence of the deactivation event, the MR foam returns to the first state to facilitate removal of the shoe 12 for examination of the person's ankle for injuries or to allow continued use of the shoe 12.
With respect to the above description then, it is to be realized that the optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of an embodiment enabled by the disclosure, to include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent and obvious to one skilled in the art, and all equivalent relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification are intended to be encompassed by an embodiment of the disclosure.
Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the disclosure. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the disclosure to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the disclosure. In this patent document, the word “comprising” is used in its non-limiting sense to mean that items following the word are included, but items not specifically mentioned are not excluded. A reference to an element by the indefinite article “a” does not exclude the possibility that more than one of the element is present, unless the context clearly requires that there be only one of the elements.
