1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a variable capacity compressor for varying its discharging capacity of a piston by adjusting a tilted angle of a tilting plate (swash plate, wobble plate).
2. Description of Related Art
A conventional variable capacity compressor is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Number 2006-233855.
As shown in
A drive shaft 103 is provided at the center of the housing 101. Both ends of the drive shaft are rotatably supported by the housing 101 via radial bearings 104 and 105.
Within the cylinder block 101a, cylinder bores 106 are formed on a circumference with the drive shaft 103 as the center. A piston 107 capable of reciprocating is provided in each of the cylinder bores 106. A crank chamber 108 is provided within the front head 101a, which communicates with the cylinder bores 106. Within the crank chamber 108, provided are a rotor 109 fixed on an outer circumferential surface of the drive shaft 103, a sleeve 110 provided slidably on the outer circumferential surface of the drive shaft 103, a journal 112 provided outside the sleeve 110 and linked with the rotor 109 via a link 111 and a tilting plate 113 fixed on an outer circumferential surface of the journal 112. The pistons 107 are coupled to an outer circumference of the tilting plate 113 via pairs of shoes 114. First and second springs S1 and S2 are provided at both sides of the sleeve 110. The tilting plate 113 will be returned to its initial position due to a balance between elastic forces of the first and second springs S1 and S2 after a shutdown.
On the drive shaft 103 rotating, the pistons 107 are reciprocated within the cylinder bores 106, respectively, due to the rotor 109, the tilting plate 113 and so on. A reciprocating stroke amount of the pistons 107 is varied due to a tilted angle of the tilting plate 113.
A suction chamber 120 and a discharge chamber 121 are provided within the rear head 101c.
The valve plate 102 is interposed between the cylinder head 101a and the rear head 101c. Therefore, the cylinder bores 106 and the chambers 120 and 121 are partitioned by the valve plate 102.
According to the above-mentioned configuration, the tilting plate 113 swings to reciprocate the pistons 107 on the drive shaft 103 being rotated. Refrigerant is supplied into the cylinder bore 106 from the suction chamber 120 during a suction stroke of the piston 107. The supplied refrigerant is compressed and discharged into the discharge chamber 121 during a compression stroke of the piston 107. The discharged refrigerant is circulated in a refrigerating cycle to be served for air-conditioning or the like and returned to the capacity variable compressor 100.
A pressure in the crank chamber 108 is made low when thermal load for the refrigerating cycle becomes large during the capacity variable compressor 100 driving. As a result, a balance will be disrupted between a counter-clockwise moment (to move the tilting plate 113 in
On the other hand, the pressure in the crank chamber 108 is made high when the thermal load for the refrigerating cycle becomes small. As a result, the balance will be disrupted between the counter-clockwise moment due to the crank chamber pressure (the back pressure of the pistons 107) and the elastic force of the first spring S1 and the clockwise moment due to the front pressure of the pistons 107 and the elastic force of the second spring S2. Thereby, the counter-clockwise moment becomes large to decrease the tilted angle of the tilting plate 113, so that the link 111 swings in an arrowed direction b in
In addition, the rotor 109 and the journal 112 are connecting each other with the link 111 as shown in
However, with respect to the first pivot 111a (connecting the rotor 109 and the link 111) and the second pivot 111b (connecting the journal 112 and the link 111), the first pivot 111a is arranged near the rotor 109 (on the side of the rotor 109) and the second pivot 111b is arranged near the journal 112 (on the side of the journal 112) in the above-mentioned conventional capacity variable compressor 100. Therefore, with respect to head clearance, there is a tendency indicated by a characteristic line of a conventional example in
An object of the present invention is to provide a capacity variable compressor that can restrain a sudden cut-off of the discharge flow amount within the small discharge amount range as much as possible and can sustain the tilted angle of the tilting plate stably.
An aspect of the present invention is to provide a capacity variable compressor that includes a housing within which a plurality of cylinder bores and a crank chamber communicating with the plurality of cylinder bores are provided; a drive shaft rotatably supported within the housing; a rotor fixed with the drive shaft; a link for linking the rotor and a journal; a tilting plate capable of changing a tilted angle thereof by a movement of the journal; and a plurality of pistons capable of reciprocating within the plurality of cylinder bores, respectively, due to a swinging rotation of the tilting plate. The tilted angle of the tilting plate is changed due to a rotation of the rotor by way of the link. Each reciprocating stroke of the plurality of pistons is adjusted according to the tilted angle of the tilting plate. The link is linked with the rotor via a first pivot and linked with the journal via a second pivot. An arrangement of the first and second pivot is set so that each head clearance of the plurality of pistons decreases as a discharge capacity decreases toward a minimum value thereof within a small discharge capacity range.
According to the above aspect of the present invention, since the head clearance reduces as the capacity decreases toward its minimum value within the small discharge capacity range, it can be prevented as much as possible that the discharge flaw amount is cut off abruptly and the tilted angle of the tilting plate can be sustained stably.
It is preferable that a ratio of a head clearance B at the top dead center of the piston to a stroke A of the piston shall be defined as a stroke ratio B/A, and the arrangement of the first and second pivot is set so that the stroke rate B/A is made constant or decreases as the discharge capacity decreases within the small discharge capacity range.
According to this, since the stroke rate is made constant or decreases as the capacity decreases within the small discharge capacity range of the pistons, it can be prevented firmly that the discharge flaw amount is cut off abruptly and the tilted angle of the tilting plate can be sustained stably.
It is also preferable that the link is configured so that the first pivot is arranged nearer to the journal than the second pivot and the second pivot is arranged nearer to the rotor than the first pivot.
According to this, since the head clearance reduces as the capacity decreases toward its minimum value within the small discharge capacity range, it can be prevented as much as possible that the discharge flaw amount is cut off abruptly and the tilted angle of the tilting plate can be sustained stably.
Hereinafter, one embodiment according to the present invention will be explained with reference to drawings.
As shown in
A drive shaft 4 penetrating an after-mentioned crank chamber 10 is provided within the cylinder block 2a and the front head 2b. Both ends of the drive shaft 4 are rotatably supported by the cylinder block 2a and the front head 2b via radial bearings 5 and 6. One end of the drive shaft 4 is projected outward from the front head 2b and a pulley 7 is fixed on the projected end to receive engine rotation. The drive shaft 4 is configured to rotate by receiving a drive force from the pulley 7 fixed on its one end.
Cylinder bores 8 are formed within the cylinder block 2a. The cylinder bores 8 are formed at even intervals on a circumference with the drive shaft 4 as the center. A piston 9 capable of reciprocating is provided in each of the cylinder bores 8.
The crank chamber 10 is provided within the front head 2b, which communicates with the cylinder bores 8. Within the crank chamber 10, provided are a rotor 11 fixed on an outer circumferential surface of the drive shaft 4, a sleeve 12 provided slidably on the outer circumferential surface of the drive shaft 4, a journal 13 provided outside the sleeve 12, a link 14 connecting the journal 13 and the rotor 11, a tilting plate 15 fixed on an outer circumferential surface of the journal 13 and rear ends of the pistons 9, each coupled to an outer circumference of the tilting plate 15 via a pair of shoes 16.
An outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 12 is formed almost spherical to smoothly guide a transition of the tilted angle of the tilting plate 13. First and second springs S1 and S2 are provided at both sides of the sleeve 12. The tilting plate 15 will be returned to its initial position due to a balance between elastic forces of the first and second springs S1 and S2 after a shutdown. A linkage with the link 14 will be explained later in detail.
On the drive shaft 4 rotating, its rotation is transmitted to the tilting plate 15 by the rotor 11, the link 14 and the journal 13 to reciprocate the pistons 9 within the cylinder bores 8. In addition, each stroke of the pistons 9 is varied due to the tilted angle of the tilting plate 15 to change a discharge amount of refrigerant. Mechanism for adjusting the tilted angle of the tilting plate 15 will be explained later.
A suction chamber 20 and a discharge chamber 21 for refrigerant gas are provided within the rear head 2c. The suction chamber 20 is connected to an outlet of an evaporator in a refrigerating cycle. The discharge chamber 21 is connected to an inlet of a condenser in the refrigerating cycle. In addition, the cylinder bores 8 and the chambers 20 and 21 are partitioned by the valve plate 3. Discharge holes 22 are provided on the valve plate 3 within partitioning areas between the bores 8 and the discharge chamber 21. A discharge valve is provided at each of the discharge holes 22. Suction holes (not shown) are provided on the valve plate 3 within partitioning areas between the bores 8 and the suction chamber 20. A suction valve (not shown) is provided at each of the suction holes.
Further, an extraction path (not shown) is provided between the crank chamber 10 and the suction chamber 20, which is always opened. An intake path 23 is provided between the crank chamber 10 and the discharge chamber 21. A pressure control valve 24 is provided on the intake path 23. The pressure control valve 24 is configured to control a pressure within the crank chamber 10 by adjusting its valve opening.
Next, the linkage with the link 14 will be explained. As shown in
A ratio of a head clearance B at the top dead center (TDC) of the piston 9 to a stroke A of the piston 9 shall be defined as a stroke ratio B/A, as shown in
In the above configuration, on the drive shaft 4 rotating, the tilting plate 15 rotates due to the rotational force of the drive shaft 4. Then, the pistons 9 reciprocate within the cylinder bores 8. During the suction stroke of the pistons 9 (stroke from TDC to BDC), the suction holes (not shown) are opened due to a pressure reduction within the cylinder bores 8. As a result, the refrigerant gas is supplied from the suction chamber 20 to cylinder bores 8.
During the compression stroke of the pistons 9 (stroke from BDC to TDC), the suction holes (not shown) are closed and the refrigerant gas within the cylinder bores 8 is compressed adiabatically by the pistons 9. The compressed refrigerant gas with high-temperature and high-pressure is discharged from the discharge holes 22 to the discharge chamber 21. The discharged refrigerant gas with high-temperature and high-pressure is discharged from the capacity variable compressor 1 via the outlet port (not shown). The discharged refrigerant gas is circulated in the refrigerating cycle to be served for air-conditioning or the like and returned to the capacity variable compressor 1 again.
A pressure in the crank chamber 10 is made low when thermal load for the refrigerating cycle becomes large during the capacity variable compressor 1 driving. As a result, a balance will be disrupted between a counter-clockwise moment (to move the tilting plate 15 in
On the other hand, the pressure in the crank chamber 10 is made high when the thermal load for the refrigerating cycle becomes small. As a result, the balance will be disrupted between the counter-clockwise moment due to the crank chamber pressure (the back pressure of the pistons 9) and the elastic force of the first spring S1 and the clockwise moment due to the front pressure of the pistons 9 and the elastic force of the second spring S2. Thereby, the counter-clockwise moment becomes large to decrease the tilted angle of the tilting plate 15, so that the link 14 swings in an arrowed direction b in
Next, explained will be an operation within the small discharge amount range of the pistons 9. Within the small discharge amount range of the pistons 9, the head clearance is made smaller as the capacity (tilted angle) decreases toward its minimum value. Therefore, it can be prevented firmly that the discharge flaw amount is cut off abruptly and the tilted angle of the tilting plate 15 can be sustained stably.
In the present embodiment, since the arrangement of the first and second pivots 14a and 14b is set so that the stroke rate is made constant or decreases as the capacity decreases within the small discharge capacity range of the piston 9, it can be prevented firmly that the discharge flaw amount is cut off abruptly and the tilted angle of the tilting plate 15 can be sustained stably. Specifically, the stroke rate is hardly influenced even if the head clearance B is somewhat large within a mid discharge capacity range as shown in
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2007-315978 | Dec 2007 | JP | national |