VARIABLE MAGNIFICATION OPTICAL SYSTEM AND IMAGING APPARATUS

Abstract

The variable magnification optical system consists of, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens group that has a positive refractive power, a plurality of lens groups, and a final lens group that has a positive refractive power. During changing magnification, a spacing between the first lens group and the lens group closest to the object side among the plurality of lens groups changes, all spacings between adjacent lens groups in the plurality of lens groups change, and a spacing between the lens group closest to the image side and the final lens group among the plurality of lens groups changes.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-008221, filed on Jan. 21, 2021 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-182841, filed on Nov. 9, 2021. Each application above is hereby expressly incorporated by reference, in its entirety, into the present application.

BACKGROUND

Technical Field

The technology of the present disclosure relates to a zooming optical system and an imaging apparatus.

Related Art

In the related art, as a variable magnification optical system applicable to an imaging apparatus such as a broadcasting camera, a movie shooting camera, and a digital camera, for example, the lens systems described in JP2018-205332A, JP2019-139253A, and JP2020-012909A are known.

SUMMARY

In recent years, there has been a demand for a variable magnification optical system that has a small size and has favorable optical performance

The present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a variable magnification optical system, which is reduced in size and has favorable optical performance, and an imaging apparatus comprising the variable magnification optical system.

The variable magnification optical system according to an aspect of the technique of the present disclosure consists of, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens group that has a positive refractive power; a plurality of lens groups; and a final lens group that has a positive refractive power. During changing magnification, a spacing between the first lens group and the lens group closest to the object side among the plurality of lens groups changes, all spacings between adjacent lens groups in the plurality of lens groups change, and a spacing between the lens group closest to the image side among the plurality of lens groups and the final lens group changes.

Assuming that a focal length of the first lens group in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is f1, a focal length of the variable magnification optical system at a telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is ft, and an open F number of the variable magnification optical system at the telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is FNt, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (1) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}1<f1/\left(\mathrm{ft}/\mathrm{FNt}\right)<3.& \left(1\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that a maximum image height is Ims, and a focal length of the first lens group in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is f1, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (2) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0.1<\mathrm{Ims}/f1<0.5.& \left(2\right)\end{array}$

It is preferable that a lens group that moves by changing a spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification is a movable lens group, and a movable lens group having a maximum absolute value of a ratio of a lateral magnification of a movable lens group at a telephoto end to a lateral magnification of the movable lens group at a wide angle end among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is a fz group. Assuming that a focal length of the fz group is ffz, and a maximum image height is Ims, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (3) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0.05<\mathrm{Ims}/\mathrm{ffz}<0.6.& \left(3\right)\end{array}$

It is preferable that a lens group that moves by changing a spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification is a movable lens group, and a movable lens group having a maximum absolute value of a ratio of a lateral magnification of a movable lens group at a telephoto end to a lateral magnification of the movable lens group at a wide angle end among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is a fz group. Assuming that a lateral magnification of the fz group at the telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is βfzt, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (4) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}-0.3<1/\beta \mathrm{fzt}<0.3.& \left(4\right)\end{array}$

It is preferable that a lens group that moves by changing a spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification is a movable lens group, and a movable lens group having a maximum absolute value of a ratio of a lateral magnification of a movable lens group at a telephoto end to a lateral magnification of the movable lens group at a wide angle end among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is a fz group. Assuming that a focal length of the fz group is ffz, and a difference in an optical axis direction between a position of the fz group at the wide angle end and a position of the fz group at the telephoto end is Dpfz, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (5) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0.3<\mathrm{Dpfz}/\mathrm{ffz}<3.& \left(5\right)\end{array}$

It is preferable that the plurality of lens groups include, in order from a position closest to the object side to the image side, a middle group, which includes one or more lens groups and has a negative refractive power as a whole, and a negative movable lens group, which has a negative refractive power and moves during changing magnification, and the negative movable lens group is positioned closest to the image side in the lens groups having negative refractive powers in the plurality of lens groups.

Assuming that a focal length of the middle group at a wide angle end in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is fMw, and a focal length of the negative movable lens group is fN, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (6) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0.2<\mathrm{fMw}/\mathrm{fN}<0.7.& \left(6\right)\end{array}$

In a configuration in which the negative movable lens group includes one or more negative lenses and one or more positive lenses, assuming that a maximum absolute value of a difference between an Abbe number of the negative lens included in the negative movable lens group based on a d line and an Abbe number of the positive lens included in the negative movable lens group based on the d line is μNdif, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (7) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}40<\nu \mathrm{Ndif}<95.& \left(7\right)\end{array}$

In a configuration in which the middle group includes one or more positive lenses, assuming that an Abbe number of the positive lens, of which an Abbe number based on a d line is maximum, among the positive lenses included in the middle group based on the d line is νM and a partial dispersion ratio thereof between a g line and an F line is θM, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (8) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}-0.02<\theta M+0.0018\times \nu M-0.64833<0\mathrm{.07}.& \left(8\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that a curvature radius of an image side surface of a negative lens closest to the object side in the middle group is RMnr, and a curvature radius of an object side surface of a lens disposed adjacent to the image side of a negative lens closest to the object side in the middle group is RMf, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (9) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}-1.5<\left(\mathrm{RMnr}+\mathrm{RMf}\right)/\left(\mathrm{RMnr}-\mathrm{RMf}\right)<0.2.& \left(9\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that a difference in an optical axis direction between a position of a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group at a wide angle end and a position of a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group at a telephoto end in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is DpM, a focal length of the variable magnification optical system at a wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is fw, a focal length of the variable magnification optical system at a telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is ft, and a maximum image height is Ims, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (10) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0.2<\mathrm{DpM}/\left\{\left(ft/\mathrm{fw}\right)\times \mathrm{Ims}\right\}<0.9.& \left(10\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that an effective diameter of a lens surface closest to the object side in the middle group in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is EDMf, and an effective diameter of a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is EDMr, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (11) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0.5<\text{EDMf}\text{/}\text{EDMr}<3.25.& \left(11\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that a height of a principal ray from an optical axis at a maximum image height on a lens surface closest to the object side in the middle group at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is HMfb, a height of the on-axis marginal ray from the optical axis on the lens surface closest to the object side in the middle group at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is HMfa, a height of a principal ray from the optical axis at a maximum image height on a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is HMrb, and a height of an on-axis marginal ray from the optical axis on the lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is HMra, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (12) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}1<\left(\text{HMfb/HMfa}\text{)/(}\text{HMrb/HMra}\right)<3.& \left(12\right)\end{array}$

The plurality of lens groups may be configured to consist of an middle group and a negative movable lens group.

The middle group may be configured to consist of a front lens group having a positive refractive power and a rear lens group having a negative refractive power in order from the object side to the image side, and a spacing between the front lens group and the rear lens group changes during changing magnification.

Groups, which are included in the plurality of lens groups and move by changing a spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification, may be configured to consist of, in order from the object side to the image side, the middle group, the negative movable lens group, and a positive movable lens group having a positive refractive power.

Assuming that a maximum image height is Ims, and a focal length of the final lens group is fE, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (13) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0\mathrm{.1}<\text{Ims/fE}<0.6.& \left(13\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that an Abbe number of the positive lens, of which an Abbe number based on a d line is maximum, among the positive lenses included in the final lens group based on the d line is νE and a partial dispersion ratio thereof between a g line and an F line is θE, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (14) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0.02<\theta E+0.0018\times vE-0.64833<0.08.& \left(14\right)\end{array}$

It is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect includes a focus group that performs focusing by moving along an optical axis. Assuming that a specific gravity of each lens in the focus group is Sgf and a refractive index thereof at a d line is Nf, an average value of Sgf/Nf of all lenses in the focus group is ave(Sgf/Nf), and a maximum value of refractive indexes of all the lenses in the focus group at the d line is Nfmax, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expressions (15) and (16) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}2.05<\mathrm{ave}\left(\text{Sgf/Nf}\right)<2.55,\mathrm{and}& \left(15\right)\\ 1.7<\mathrm{Nf}\max <2.2.& \left(16\right)\end{array}$

It is preferable that in a case where a lens group that moves by changing a spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification is a movable lens group, the number of the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system is three or more, and the movable lens group closest to the object side among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system has a positive refractive power.

It is preferable that the movable lens group closest to the object side among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system consists of one positive lens having a convex surface facing toward the object side. In such a case, assuming that a curvature radius of an object side surface of the positive lens having the convex surface facing toward the object side is Rpf, and a curvature radius of an image side surface of the positive lens having the convex surface facing toward the object side is Rpr, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (17) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}-6<\left(\mathrm{Rpf}-\mathrm{Rpr}\text{)/(}\mathrm{Rpf}+\mathrm{Rpr}\right)<1.& \left(17\right)\end{array}$

The first lens group may be configured to consist of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first A subgroup having a negative refractive power, a first B subgroup having a positive refractive power, and a first C subgroup having a positive refractive power, and focusing is performed by moving the first B subgroup along an optical axis.

Assuming that a maximum image height is Ims, and a focal length of the first C subgroup is f1C, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (18) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0.05<\text{Ims/f}\text{1}\text{C}<0.3.& \left(18\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that a focal length of the first lens group is f1, and a focal length of the first B subgroup is f1B, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (19) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0\mathrm{.3}<\text{f}\text{1}\text{/f}\text{1}\text{B}<0.9.& \left(19\right)\end{array}$

In a configuration in which the first B subgroup includes one or more positive lenses and one or more negative lenses, assuming that an Abbe number of the positive lens, of which an Abbe number based on a d line is maximum, among the positive lenses included in the first B subgroup based on the d line is ν1Bp, and a partial dispersion ratio thereof between a g line and an F line is θ1Bp, and a minimum value of Abbe numbers of all the negative lenses included in the first B subgroup based on the d line is ν1Bn, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expressions (20) and (21) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0.01<\mathrm{\theta 1}\mathrm{Bp}+0.0018\times v1\mathrm{Bp}-0.64833<0.07,\mathrm{and}& \left(20\right)\\ 15<v1\mathrm{Bn}<40.& \left(21\right)\end{array}$

It is preferable that the first A subgroup includes two or more negative lenses of which Abbe numbers based on a d line are 50 or more. Assuming that a minimum value of Abbe numbers of all the positive lenses included in the first A subgroup based on the d line is ν1Ap, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (22) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}15<v1\mathrm{Ap}<40.& \left(22\right)\end{array}$

It is preferable that the first lens group remains stationary with respect to an image plane during changing magnification.

It is preferable that the final lens group remains stationary with respect to an image plane during changing magnification, and a stop is disposed closest to the object side in the final lens group. In such a case, it is preferable that a lens component disposed adjacent to the image side of the stop has a biconvex shape. It should be noted that one lens component is one single lens or one group of cemented lenses. Assuming that a curvature radius of a surface closest to the object side of the lens component disposed adjacent to the image side of the stop is REf, and a curvature radius of a surface closest to the image side of the lens component disposed adjacent to the image side of the stop is REr, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system of the above-mentioned aspect satisfies Conditional Expression (23) represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}-0.7<\left(\mathrm{REf}+\mathrm{REr}\text{)/(}\mathrm{REf}-\mathrm{REr}\right)<0.7.& \left(23\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that a temperature coefficient of a relative refractive index of a lens in the final lens group at a d line in a range of 20° C. to 40° C. is dN/dT and a unit of dN/dT is ° C.⁻¹, it is preferable that the final lens group includes one or more lenses respectively having an Abbe number based on the d line of 65 or more and satisfying Conditional Expression (24), which is represented by

$\begin{array}{cc}0<\text{dN/dT}<8\times 10^{-6}.& \left(24\right)\end{array}$

An imaging apparatus according to another aspect of the technique of the present disclosure includes a variable magnification optical system according to the above-mentioned aspect of the present disclosure.

In the present specification, it should be noted that the terms “consisting of ˜” and “consists of ˜” mean that the lens may include not only the above-mentioned constituent elements but also lenses substantially having no refractive powers, optical elements, which are not lenses, such as a stop, a filter, and a cover glass, and mechanism parts such as a lens flange, a lens barrel, an imaging element, and a camera shaking correction mechanism.

The term “˜ group that has a positive refractive power” in the present specification means that the group has a positive refractive power as a whole. Similarly, the term “˜ group having a negative refractive power” means that the group has a negative refractive power as a whole. The term “a lens having a positive refractive power” and the term “a positive lens” are synonymous. The term “a lens having a negative refractive power” and the term “negative lens” are synonymous. The terms “˜ lens group” and “˜ subgroup” are not limited to a configuration in which the lens group consists of a plurality of lenses, but the lens group may consist of only one lens.

The term “a single lens” means one lens that is not cemented. Here, a compound aspheric lens (a lens in which a spherical lens and an aspheric film formed on the spherical lens are integrally formed and function as one aspheric lens as a whole) is not regarded as cemented lenses, but the compound aspheric lens is regarded as one lens. Unless otherwise specified, the sign of refractive power, the surface shape, and the curvature radius of a lens including an aspherical surface are considered in terms of the paraxial region. The sign of the curvature radius of the surface convex toward the object side is positive and the sign of the curvature radius of the surface convex toward the image side is negative.

The “focal length” used in a conditional expression is a paraxial focal length. The values used in conditional expressions are values in the case of using the d line as a reference in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

The partial dispersion ratio θgF between the g line and the F line of a certain lens is defined by θgF=(Ng−NF)/(NF−NC), where Ng, NF, and NC are the refractive indexes of the lens at the g line, the F line, and the C line. The “d line”, “C line”, “F line”, and “g line” described in the present specification are emission lines. In the present specification, it is assumed that the d line wavelength is 587.56 nm (nanometers), the C line wavelength is 656.27 nm (nanometers), the F line wavelength is 486.13 nm (nanometers), and the g line wavelength is 435.84 nm (nanometers).

According to the technique of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a variable magnification optical system, which is reduced in size and has favorable optical performance, and an imaging apparatus comprising the variable magnification optical system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration of a variable magnification optical system according to an embodiment corresponding to the variable magnification optical system of Example 1, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system shown in FIG. 1, and is a diagram showing luminous flux.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an effective diameter.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a symbol of Conditional Expression (12).

FIG. 5 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 1.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 2, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 7 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 2.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 3, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 3.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 4, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 11 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 4.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 5, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 13 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 5.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 6, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 15 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 6.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 7, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 17 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 7.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 8, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 19 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 8.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 9, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 21 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 9.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 10, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 23 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 10.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 11, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 25 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 11.

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 12, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 27 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 12.

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 13, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 29 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 13.

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 14, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 31 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 14.

FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system of Example 15, and is a diagram showing movement loci.

FIG. 33 is a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 15.

FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an imaging apparatus according to an embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the technique of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the configuration at the wide angle end of the variable magnification optical system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure and shows movement loci. The example shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to the variable magnification optical system of Example 1 to be described later. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus, the left side thereof is an object side, and the right side thereof is an image side.

FIG. 1 shows an example in which an optical member PP having a parallel plate shape is disposed between a variable magnification optical system and an image plane Sim under assumption that the variable magnification optical system is applied to the imaging apparatus. The optical member PP is a member assumed to include various filters, a cover glass, and the like. The various filters include, for example, a low pass filter, an infrared cut filter, and a filter that cuts a specific wavelength region. The optical member PP is a member that has no refractive power. It is also possible to configure the imaging apparatus by removing the optical member PP.

The variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1, a plurality of lens groups, and a final lens group GE. It should be noted that the term “lens group” in the present specification refers to a part including the at least one lens, which is a constituent part of the variable magnification optical system and is divided by an air spacing that changes during changing magnification. During changing magnification, the lens groups move or remain stationary, and the mutual spacing between the lenses in one lens group does not change.

The first lens group G1 is a lens group having a positive refractive power. By forming the lens group closest to the object side as the first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, it is possible to achieve reduction in total length of the lens system. Thus, there is an advantage in achieving reduction in size. The final lens group GE is a lens group having a positive refractive power. By setting the final lens group GE closest to the image side as a lens group having a positive refractive power, it is possible to suppress an increase in angle at which the principal ray of the off-axis luminous flux is incident on the image plane Sim. As a result, there is an advantage in suppressing shading.

During changing magnification, a spacing between the first lens group G1 and the lens group closest to the object side among the plurality of lens groups changes, all spacings between adjacent lens groups in the plurality of lens groups change, and a spacing between the lens group closest to the image side among the plurality of lens groups and the final lens group GE changes.

For example, the variable magnification optical system in FIG. 1 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power. The plurality of lens groups correspond to the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4. The final lens group GE corresponds to the fifth lens group G5.

In the example of FIG. 1, the first lens group G1 consists of eight lenses L1a to L1h in order from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of eight lenses L3a to L3h in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and fourteen lenses L5a to L5n in order from the object side to the image side. It should be noted that the aperture stop St shown in FIG. 1 does not indicate a shape thereof, but indicates a position thereof in the direction of the optical axis.

In the example of FIG. 1, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim during changing magnification. Since the lens group closest to the object side and the lens group closest to the image side remain stationary during changing magnification, the distance from the lens surface closest to the object side to the lens surface closest to the image side does not change during changing magnification. According to this configuration, fluctuation in centroid of the lens system during changing magnification can be reduced. Therefore, the convenience during imaging can be enhanced.

Further, in the example of FIG. 1, during changing magnification, the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacings between the adjacent lens groups. In FIG. 1, arrows below respective lens groups indicate approximate movement loci of the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 during changing magnification from the wide angle end to the telephoto end.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the variable magnification optical system and luminous flux in each zooming state in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, the upper part labeled by “WIDE” shows the wide angle end state, the middle part labeled by “MIDDLE” shows the middle focal length state, and the lower part labeled by “TELE” shows the telephoto end state. FIG. 2 shows luminous flux including on-axis luminous flux wa and luminous flux wb at the maximum image height Ims at the wide angle end state, on-axis luminous flux ma and luminous flux mb at the maximum image height Ims at the middle focal length state, and on-axis luminous flux to and luminous flux tb at the maximum image height Ims at the telephoto end state. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus, the left side thereof is an object side, and the right side thereof is an image side. In FIG. 2, some reference numerals are not repeated in order to avoid complication of the drawings.

In the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment, Assuming that a focal length of the first lens group G1 in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is f1, a focal length of the variable magnification optical system at a telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is ft, and an open F number of the variable magnification optical system at the telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is FNt, it is preferable to satisfy Conditional Expression (1). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (1) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, it is possible to suppress an increase in emission angle of the on-axis marginal ray from the first lens group G1 at the telephoto end. As a result, during changing magnification from the wide angle side to the telephoto side, the second lens group G2 can be easily moved to the image side. Thus, there is an advantage in achieving an increase in magnification. Further, by not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (1) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, there is an advantage in preventing F drop. The F drop is a phenomenon in which the F number becomes remarkably large on the telephoto side from a certain focal length during changing magnification from the wide angle end to the telephoto end. In some conventional variable magnification optical systems, particularly, high magnification variable magnification optical systems, F drop is caused from the viewpoint of size and weight. However, in some cases, a user may request that the F number is substantially constant even during changing magnification from the wide angle end to the telephoto end. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (1) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, it is easy to meet such a request. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (1) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, it is easy to prevent the emission angle of the on-axis marginal ray from the first lens group G1 at the telephoto end from becoming excessively small. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in height of the on-axis marginal ray passing through the second lens group G2 from the optical axis Z. Thus, there is an advantage in achieving reduction in diameter of the second lens group G2. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (1-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (1-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}1<\text{f}\text{1}\text{/(ft/FNt)}<3& \left(1\right)\\ 1.1<\text{f}\text{1}\text{/(ft/FNt)}<2.75& \left(\text{1-1}\right)\\ 1.3<\text{f}\text{1}\text{/(ft/FNt)}<2.5& (\text{1-2)}\end{array}$

Assuming that a maximum image height is Ims, and a focal length of the first lens group G1 in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is f1, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (2). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (2) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, the refractive power of the first lens group G1 can be ensured. Therefore, the spherical aberration can be suppressed from being insufficiently corrected, particularly on the telephoto side. Further, it is possible to suppress an increase in diameter of the second lens group G2. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (2) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, the refractive power of the first lens group G1 is prevented from becoming excessively strong. Therefore, it is possible to suppress overcorrection of spherical aberration. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (2-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (2-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.1<\mathrm{Ims}/f1<0.5& \left(2\right)\\ 0.11<\mathrm{Ims}/f1<0.35& \left(2\text{-}1\right)\\ 0.12<\mathrm{Ims}/f1<0.2& \left(2\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

Further, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies at least one of Conditional Expressions (3) to (5) with respect to the fz group defined below. In the present specification, a lens group that moves by changing the spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification is referred to as a “movable lens group”.

Among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system, a movable lens group, of which the absolute value of the ratio of the lateral magnification of the movable lens group at the telephoto end to the lateral magnification of the movable lens group at the wide angle end is the maximum in a state where the infinite distance object is in focus, is defined as the fz group. That is, for each movable lens group included in the variable magnification optical system, assuming that a lateral magnification of the movable lens group at the wide angle end in a state where the infinite distance object is in focus is βw and a lateral magnification of the movable lens group at the telephoto end in a state where the infinite distance object is in focus is βt, the movable lens group having the maximum|βt/βw| is defined as the fz group.

In the example of FIG. 1, the movable lens group is the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4. In the example of FIG. 1, of the three lens groups, the third lens group G3 is the fz group.

Assuming that a focal length of the fz group is ffz and a maximum image height is Ims, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (3). Among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system, the fz group defined by the above definition is a lens group having a main zooming effect. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (3) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, it is possible to ensure that the refractive power of the fz group is not weakened. Thereby, the amount of movement of the fz group at the time of zooming can be suppressed. As a result, there is an advantage in shortening the total length of the lens system, or there is an advantage in achieving an increase in magnification while maintaining the predetermined total length of the lens system. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (3) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, the refractive power of the fz group is prevented from becoming excessively strong. Therefore, it is easy to suppress fluctuation in spherical aberration and fluctuation in field curvature due to zooming. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (3-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (3-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.05<\mathrm{Ims}/\mathrm{ffz}<0.6& \left(3\right)\\ 0.1<\mathrm{Ims}/\mathrm{ffz}<0.5& \left(3\text{-}1\right)\\ 0.12<\mathrm{Ims}/\mathrm{ffz}<0.41& \left(3\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that a lateral magnification of the fz group at the telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is βfzt, it is preferable that the fz group satisfies Conditional Expression (4). In a case where the lateral magnification of the fz group is within the range of Conditional Expression (4), it is easy to increase the magnification while shortening the total length of the lens system. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the fz group satisfies Conditional Expression (4-1), and it is yet more preferable that the fz group satisfies Conditional Expression (4-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}-0\mathrm{.3}<\text{1/β}\text{fzt}<0.3& \left(4\right)\\ -0.25<\text{1/β}\text{fzt}<0.1& (\text{4-1)}\\ -0.15<\text{1/β}\text{fzt}<0.05& (\text{4-2)}\end{array}$

Assuming that a focal length of the fz group is ffz and a difference in the optical axis direction between a position of the fz group at the wide angle end and a position of the fz group at the telephoto end is Dpfz, it is preferable that the fz group satisfies Conditional Expression (5). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (5) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, the amount of movement of the fz group can be ensured. Therefore, it is easy to increase the magnification. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (5) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, the amount of movement of the fz group during changing magnification can be suppressed. As a result, there is an advantage in shortening the total length of the lens system. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the fz group satisfies Conditional Expression (5-1), and it is yet more preferable that the fz group satisfies Conditional Expression (5-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.3<\text{Dpfz/ffz}<3& \left(5\right)\\ 0.45<\text{Dpfz/ffz}<2.5& (\text{5-1)}\\ 0.6<\text{Dpfz/ffz}<2& \text{(5-2)}\end{array}$

For example, FIG. 2 shows Dpfz in a case where the third lens group G3 is the fz group. In FIG. 2, Dpfz and DpM to be described later are the same, but this is an example. In the variable magnification optical system of the present disclosure, Dpfz and DpM may be different.

In the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment, the plurality of lens groups disposed between the first lens group G1 and the final lens group GE may be configured to include the middle group GM and the negative movable lens group GN in order from the position closest to the object side to the image side. The middle group GM is a group including one or more lens groups and having a negative refractive power as a whole. The negative movable lens group GN is a lens group having a negative refractive power positioned closest to the image side among the lens groups having a negative refractive power in the plurality of lens groups, and is a lens group that moves during changing magnification. In such a case, fluctuation in spherical aberration and fluctuation in chromatic aberration caused by the middle group GM during changing magnification can be reduced by the negative movable lens group GN. Therefore, there is an advantage in achieving both a small F number and an increase in magnification. In the above-mentioned phrase “a plurality of lens groups include an middle group GM and a negative movable lens group GN in order from the position closest to the object side to the image side”, the middle group GM and the negative movable lens group GN may be continuously disposed, and may be discontinuously disposed.

In a case where the variable magnification optical system includes the middle group GM, the middle group GM may be configured to consist of a front lens group having a positive refractive power and a rear lens group having a negative refractive power in order from the object side to the image side, and a spacing between the front lens group and the rear lens group changes during changing magnification. In such a case, it is easy to satisfactorily suppress fluctuations in various aberrations due to zooming.

In the example of FIG. 1, the middle group GM consists of the second lens group G2 and the third lens group G3. In the example of FIG. 1, the front lens group corresponds to the second lens group G2, the rear lens group corresponds to the third lens group G3, and the negative movable lens group GN corresponds to the fourth lens group G4.

As in the example of FIG. 1, the plurality of lens groups disposed between the first lens group G1 and the final lens group GE may be configured to consist of the middle group GM and the negative movable lens group GN. By limiting the group which is present between the first lens group G1 and the final lens group GE to only the middle group GM and the negative movable lens group GN, it is easy to reduce the size of the optical system.

With respect to the middle group GM and the negative movable lens group GN, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies at least one of Conditional Expressions (6) to (12).

Assuming that a focal length of the middle group GM at a wide angle end in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is fMw, and a focal length of the negative movable lens group GN is fN, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (6). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (6) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, there is an advantage in suppressing fluctuations in various aberrations due to zooming. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (6) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, there is an advantage in shortening the total length of the lens system, or there is an advantage in increasing the magnification while maintaining the predetermined total length of the lens system. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (6-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (6-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.2<\mathrm{fMw}/\mathrm{fN}<0.7& \left(6\right)\\ 0.25<\mathrm{fMw}/\mathrm{fN}<0.65& \left(6\text{-}1\right)\\ 0.4<\mathrm{fMw}/\mathrm{fN}<0.6& \left(6\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

In a configuration in which the negative movable lens group GN includes one or more negative lenses and one or more positive lenses. Assuming that a maximum absolute value of a difference between an Abbe number of the negative lens included in the negative movable lens group GN based on the d line and an Abbe number of the positive lens included in the negative movable lens group GN based on the d line is μNdif, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (7). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (7) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, it is easy to suppress fluctuation in chromatic aberration due to zooming. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (7) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, a material having a high refractive index can be selected. Therefore, it is easy to satisfactorily suppress fluctuations in various aberrations due to zooming while achieving reduction in size and high magnification. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (7-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (7-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}40<\nu \mathrm{Ndif}<95& \left(7\right)\\ 45<\nu \mathrm{Ndif}<85& \left(7\text{-}1\right)\\ 50<\nu \mathrm{Ndif}<75& \left(7\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

In a configuration in which the middle group GM includes one or more positive lenses, assuming that an Abbe number of the positive lens having a largest Abbe number based on the d line among the positive lenses included in the middle group GM is νM and a partial dispersion ratio thereof between the g line and the F line is θM, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (8). By satisfying Conditional Expression (8), it is easy to satisfactorily suppress fluctuation in secondary chromatic aberration due to the zooming. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (8-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (8-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}-0.02<\theta M+0.0018\times vM-0.64833<0.07& \left(8\right)\\ -0.015<\theta M+0.0018\times vM-0.64833<0.065& \left(8\text{-}1\right)\\ 0.02<\theta M+0.0018\times vM-0.64833<0.06& \left(8\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

Since the middle group GM has a negative refractive power as a whole, the middle group GM includes one or more negative lenses. Among the negative lenses included in the middle group GM, assuming that a curvature radius of an image side surface of a negative lens closest to the object side in the middle group GM is RMnr, and a curvature radius of an object side surface of a lens disposed adjacent to the image side of a negative lens closest to the object side in the middle group GM is RMf, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (9). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (9) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, the refractive power of the negative lens closest to the object side in the middle group GM is prevented from becoming excessively strong. Therefore, it is easy to suppress fluctuations in various aberrations due to zooming. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (9) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, the amount of movement of the middle group GM during changing magnification can be suppressed while maintaining a predetermined zoom magnification (that is, the magnification of the zooming). As a result, there is an advantage in achieving both reduction in size and an increase in magnification. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (9-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (9-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}-1.5<\left(\mathrm{RMnr}+\mathrm{RMf}\right)/\left(\mathrm{RMnr}-\mathrm{RMf}\right)<0.2& \left(9\right)\\ -1<\left(\mathrm{RMnr}+\mathrm{RMf}\right)/\left(\mathrm{RMnr}-\mathrm{RMf}\right)<0.1& \left(9\text{-}1\right)\\ -0.5<\left(\mathrm{RMnr}+\mathrm{RMf}\right)/\left(\mathrm{RMnr}-\mathrm{RMf}\right)<0.05& \left(9\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that a difference in the optical axis direction between a position of a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group GM at a wide angle end and a position of a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group GM at a telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is DpM, a focal length of the variable magnification optical system at a wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is fw, a focal length of the variable magnification optical system at a telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is ft, and a maximum image height is Ims, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (10). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (10) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, it is easy to satisfactorily suppress fluctuations in aberrations due to zooming. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (10) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, there is an advantage in achieving both reduction in size and an increase in magnification. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (10-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (10-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.2<\mathrm{DpM}/\left\{\left(ft/\mathrm{fw}\right)\times \mathrm{Ims}\right\}<0.9& \left(10\right)\\ 0.3<\mathrm{DpM}/\left\{\left(ft/\mathrm{fw}\right)\times \mathrm{Ims}\right\}<0.85& \left(10\text{-}1\right)\\ 0.45<\mathrm{DpM}/\left\{\left(ft/\mathrm{fw}\right)\times \mathrm{Ims}\right\}<0.8& \left(10\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that an effective diameter of a lens surface closest to the object side in the middle group GM in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is EDMf, and an effective diameter of a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group GM in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is EDMr, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (11). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (11) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, the negative refractive power acting on the off-axis luminous flux incident on the middle group GM is prevented from becoming excessively weak. Thus, there is an advantage in achieving reduction in size. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (11) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, it is possible to suppress the amount of change in height of the ray from the optical axis Z in a case where the off-axis ray passes through the middle group GM. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in incidence angle of the off-axis luminous flux on the image plane Sim of the principal ray. Therefore, it is easy to ensure the amount of peripheral light. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (11-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (11-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.5<E\mathrm{DMf}/\mathrm{EDMr}<3\text{.25}& \left(11\right)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{cc}0.6<E\mathrm{DMf}/\mathrm{EDMr}<3& \left(11-1\right)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{cc}0.7<E\mathrm{DMf}/\mathrm{EDMr}<2\text{.75}& \left(11-2\right)\end{array}$

In the technique of the present disclosure, twice the distance to the optical axis Z from the intersection between the lens surface and the ray passing through the outermost side among rays incident onto the lens surface from the object side and emitted to the image side is the “effective diameter” of the lens surface. The “outside” here is the radial outside centered on the optical axis Z, that is, the side separated from the optical axis Z. In addition, the “ray passing through the outermost side” is determined in consideration of the entire area of zooming.

As an explanatory diagram, FIG. 3 shows an example of an effective diameter ED. In FIG. 3, the left side is the object side and the right side is the image side. FIG. 3 shows an on-axis luminous flux Xa and an off-axis luminous flux Xb passing through a lens Lx. In the example of FIG. 3, the ray Xb1, which is the upper ray of the off-axis luminous flux Xb, is the ray passing through the outermost side. Therefore, in the example of FIG. 3, twice the distance to the optical axis Z from the intersection between the ray Xb1 and the object side surface of the lens Lx is the effective diameter ED of the object side surface of the lens Lx. In FIG. 3, the upper ray of the off-axis luminous flux Xb is the ray passing through the outermost side, but which ray is the ray passing through the outermost side depends on the optical system.

It is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (12) for the on-axis marginal ray wa1 and the principal ray wb0 having the maximum image height Ims at the wide angle end in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus. The symbols used in Conditional Expression (12) are shown in FIG. 4 as an example. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the middle group GM at the wide angle end of the variable magnification optical system of FIG. 1. HMfb is a height from the optical axis Z of the principal ray wb0 having the maximum image height Ims on the lens surface closest to the object side in the middle group GM at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus. HMfa is a height from the optical axis Z of the on-axis marginal ray wa1 on the lens surface closest to the object side in the middle group GM at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus. HMrb is a height from the optical axis Z of the principal ray wb0 of the maximum image height Ims on the lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group GM at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus. HMra is a height from the optical axis Z of the on-axis marginal ray wa1 on the lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group GM at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (12) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, the negative refractive power acting on the off-axis luminous flux incident on the middle group GM is prevented from becoming excessively weak. Thus, there is an advantage in achieving reduction in size. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (12) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, it is possible to suppress the amount of change in ray height in a case where the off-axis ray passes through the middle group GM. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in incidence angle of the off-axis luminous flux on the image plane Sim of the principal ray. Therefore, it is easy to ensure the amount of peripheral light. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (12-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (12-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}1<(\mathrm{HMfb}/(\mathrm{HMfb}/\left(\mathrm{HMrb}/\mathrm{HMra}\right)<3& \left(12\right)\\ 1.25<\left(\mathrm{HMfb}/\mathrm{HMfa}\right)/\left(\mathrm{HMrb}/\mathrm{HMra}\right)<2.75& \left(12\text{-}1\right)\\ 1.5<❘(\mathrm{HMfb}/\left(\mathrm{HMfa}\right)/\left(\mathrm{HMrb}/\mathrm{HMra}\right)<2.5& \left(12\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

Further, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the configuration described below.

Assuming that a maximum image height is Ims, and a focal length of the final lens group GE is fE, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (13). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (13) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, the positive refractive power of the final lens group GE is prevented from becoming excessively weak. Thus, there is an advantage in achieving reduction in size of the lens system. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (13) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, the positive refractive power of the final lens group GE is prevented from becoming excessively strong. Therefore, it is easy to suppress fluctuations in various aberrations due to zooming. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (13-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (13-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.1<\mathrm{Ims}/\mathrm{fE}<0.6& \left(13\right)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{cc}0.2<\mathrm{Ims}/\mathrm{fE}<0.5& \left(13-1\right)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{cc}0.25<\mathrm{Ims}/\mathrm{fE}<0.4& \left(13-2\right)\end{array}$

Assuming that an Abbe number of the positive lens having a largest Abbe number based on the d line among the positive lenses included in the final lens group GE is νE and a partial dispersion ratio thereof between the g line and the F line is θE, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (14). By satisfying Conditional Expression (14), there is an advantage in satisfactorily correcting secondary chromatic aberration in the entire region of zooming. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (14-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (14-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.02<\theta E+0.0018\times vE-0.64833<0.08& \left(14\right)\\ 0.025<\theta E+0.0018\times vE-0.64833<0.07& \left(14\text{-}1\right)\\ 0.03<\theta E+0.0018\times vE-0.64833<0.06& \left(14\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

The variable magnification optical system may be configured to include a group that performs focusing by moving along the optical axis Z (hereinafter, referred to as a focus group). That is, during the focusing, only the focus group moves along the optical axis Z. In a configuration in which the variable magnification optical system includes a focus group, assuming that a specific gravity of each lens in the focus group is Sgf and a refractive index thereof at the d line is Nf, an average value of Sgf/Nf of all lenses in the focus group is ave(Sgf/Nf), and a maximum value of refractive indexes of all the lenses in the focus group at the d line is Nfmax, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expressions (15) and (16). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (15) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, the refractive power of the focus group is prevented from becoming excessively strong. Therefore, it is easy to suppress the fluctuation in aberration due to focusing. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (15) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, there is an advantage in reducing the weight of the focus group. By satisfying Conditional Expression (15) and not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (16) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, it is easy to reduce the weight of the focus group while the focus group has sufficient focusing ability. By satisfying Conditional Expression (15) and not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (16) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, the refractive power of the focus group is prevented from becoming excessively strong. Therefore, it is easy to suppress the fluctuation in aberration due to focusing. Regarding the effect of the conditional expression (15), in order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (15-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (15-2). Regarding the effect of the conditional expression (16), in order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (16-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (16-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}2.05<\mathrm{ave}\left(Sgf/\mathrm{Nf}\right)<2.55& \left(15\right)\\ 2.1<\mathrm{ave}\left(Sgf/Nl\right)<2.45& \left(15\text{-}1\right)\\ 2.15<\mathrm{ave}\left(Sgf/Nl\right)<2.35& \left(15\text{-}2\right)\\ 1.7<Nf\max <2.2& \left(16\right)\\ 1.75<Nf\max <2.1& \left(16\text{-}1\right)\\ 1.8<Nf\max <2.05& \left(16\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

The number of movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system may be three or more. Since there are provided three or more movable lens groups, there is an advantage in correcting spherical aberration and field curvature in each zooming state, and it is easy to increase the magnification.

Among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system, the movable lens group closest to the object side may be configured to have a positive refractive power. In such a case, there is an advantage in achieving reduction in size of the first lens group G1. Further, since there is an advantage in achieving reduction in size of the first lens group G1, there is an advantage in achieving reduction in effective diameter of the first lens group G1 in a case of trying to realize an optical system having a large aperture ratio.

The movable lens group closest to the object side may be configured to consist of one positive lens having a convex surface facing toward the object side. In such a case, there is an advantage in achieving reduction in size and weight.

In a configuration in which the movable lens group closest to the object side consists of one positive lens having a convex surface facing toward the object side, assuming that a curvature radius of an object side surface of the positive lens having the convex surface facing toward the object side is Rpf, and a curvature radius of an image side surface of the positive lens having the convex surface facing toward the object side is Rpr, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (17). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (17) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, the refractive power of this positive lens is prevented from becoming excessively strong. Therefore, it is easy to suppress fluctuations in various aberrations due to zooming. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (17) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, the refractive power of this positive lens is prevented from becoming excessively weak. Therefore, the effect of aberration correction can be ensured. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (17-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (17-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}-6<\left(Rpf-Rpr\right)/\left(Rpf+Rpr\right)<1& \left(17\right)\\ -3<\left(Rpf-Rpr\right)/\left(Rpf+Rpr\right)<0.75& \left(17\text{-}1\right)\\ -1.5<\left(Rpf-Rpr\right)/\left(Rpf+Rpr\right)<0.5& \left(17\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

The lens closest to the image side in the first lens group G1 has a convex object side surface, and may be configured such that the absolute value of the curvature radius of the image side surface is greater than the absolute value of the curvature radius of the object side surface. In such a case, it is easy to suppress fluctuation in astigmatism due to the zooming.

During changing magnification from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, it is preferable that the spacing between the first lens group G1 and the lens group closest to the object side in the plurality of lens groups increases. In such a case, it is easy to satisfactorily suppress fluctuations in various aberrations during changing magnification from the wide angle end to the telephoto end.

the first lens group G1 may be configured to consist of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first A subgroup G1A having a negative refractive power, a first B subgroup G1B having a positive refractive power, and a first C subgroup G1C having a positive refractive power. Then, the first B subgroup G1B may be configured to performing focusing by moving along the optical axis Z. That is, the first B subgroup G1B may be configured to be the focus group. In such a case, during focusing, the first B subgroup G1B moves along the optical axis Z, and the other groups remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim. By adopting such a configuration, it is easy to suppress a change in angle of view due to focusing and fluctuations in various aberrations due to focusing due to a change in subject distance.

In the example of FIG. 1, the first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of two lenses L1g and L1h in order from the object side to the image side. The horizontal double-headed arrow below the first B subgroup G1B in FIG. 1 indicates that the first B subgroup G1B is the focus group.

In a case where the first lens group G1 consists of the first A subgroup G1A, the first B subgroup G1B, and the first C subgroup G1C, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies at least one of Conditional Expressions (18) to (22).

Assuming that a maximum image height is Ims, and a focal length of the first C subgroup G1C is f1C, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (18). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (18) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, the refractive power of the first C subgroup G1C can be ensured. Therefore, particularly, it is possible to suppress insufficient correction of spherical aberration on the telephoto side. Further, it is possible to suppress an increase in size of the movable lens group closer to the image side than the first lens group G1. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (18) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, the refractive power of the first C subgroup G1C is prevented from becoming excessively strong. Therefore, particularly, it is possible to suppress overcorrection of spherical aberration. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (18-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (18-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.05<Ims/f1C<0.3& \left(18\right)\\ 0.1<\mathrm{Ims}/f1C<0.25& \left(18\text{-}1\right)\\ 0.13<Ims/f1C<0.2& \left(18\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

It is preferable that all the lenses included in the first C subgroup G1C have a positive refractive power. In such a case, the number of lenses can be minimized Therefore, the weight increase can be suppressed.

Assuming that a focal length of the first lens group G1 is f1, and a focal length of the first B subgroup G1B is f1B, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (19). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (19) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, the refractive power of the first B subgroup G1B is prevented from becoming excessively weak. Therefore, the amount of movement of the first B subgroup G1B during focusing can be suppressed. As a result, there is an advantage in achieving reduction in size. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (19) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, the refractive power of the first B subgroup G1B is prevented from becoming excessively strong. Therefore, particularly, it is possible to suppress overcorrection of spherical aberration on the telephoto side. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (19-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (19-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.3<f1/f1B<0.9& \left(19\right)\\ 0.4<f1/f1B<0.8& \left(19\text{-}1\right)\\ 0.5<f1/f1B<0.7& \left(19\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

The first B subgroup G1B has a positive refractive power, and thus includes one or more positive lenses. Assuming that an Abbe number of the positive lens, of which an Abbe number based on the d line is maximum, among the positive lenses included in the first B subgroup G1B based on the d line is ν1Bp, and a partial dispersion ratio thereof between a g line and an F line is θ1Bp, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (20). By satisfying Conditional Expression (20), it is easy to satisfactorily suppress fluctuation in secondary chromatic aberration due to focusing. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (20-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (20-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0.01<\mathrm{\theta 1}\mathrm{Bp}+0.0018\times v1Bp-0.64833<0.07& \left(20\right)\\ 0.02<\mathrm{\theta 1}\mathrm{Bp}+0.0018\times v1\mathrm{Bp}-0.64833<0.065& \left(20\text{-}1\right)\\ 0.05<\mathrm{\theta 1}\mathrm{Bp}+0.0018\times v1\mathrm{Bp}-0.64833<0.06& \left(20\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

In a configuration in which the first B subgroup G1B includes one or more negative lenses, assuming that a minimum value of the Abbe numbers of all the negative lenses included in the first B subgroup G1B based on the d line is ν1Bn, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (21). By satisfying Conditional Expression (21), it is easy to satisfactorily suppress fluctuations in axial chromatic aberration due to focusing. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (21-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (21-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}15<v1\mathrm{Bn}<40& \left(21\right)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{cc}20<v1\mathrm{Bn}<35& \left(21-1\right)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{cc}23<v1\mathrm{Bn}<30& \left(21-2\right)\end{array}$

In a configuration in which the first B subgroup G1B includes one or more positive lenses and one or more negative lenses, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expressions (20) and (21). Further, it is yet more preferable to satisfy not only Conditional Expressions (20) and (21) but also at least one of Conditional Expressions (20-1), (20-2), (21-1), or (21-2).

It is preferable that the first B subgroup G1B includes a meniscus-shaped negative lens having a convex surface facing toward the object side closest to the image side. In such a case, it is easy to suppress fluctuation in astigmatism due to focusing.

It is preferable that the first A subgroup G1A includes two or more negative lenses of which Abbe numbers based on the d line are 50 or more. Further, assuming that a minimum value of Abbe numbers of all the positive lenses included in the first A subgroup G1A based on the d line is ν1Ap, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure satisfies Conditional Expression (22). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (22) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, it is possible to suppress overcorrection of axial chromatic aberration. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (22) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, it is easy to correct axial chromatic aberration. In a case where the first A subgroup G1A includes two or more negative lenses of which Abbe numbers based on the d line are 50 or more and satisfies Conditional Expression (22), it is easy to satisfactorily correct axial chromatic aberration. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (22-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (22-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}15<v1\mathrm{Ap}<40& \left(22\right)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{cc}20<v1\mathrm{Ap}<35& \left(22-1\right)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{cc}23<v1\mathrm{Ap}<30& \left(22-2\right)\end{array}$

The first lens group G1 may be configured to be remaining stationary with respect to the image plane Sim during changing magnification. In such a case, it is easy to configure the lens system such that the total length of the lens system does not change even in a case where zooming is performed. According to this configuration, it is easy to reduce fluctuation in centroid of the lens system during changing magnification. Thus, there is an advantage in improving the convenience during imaging.

The final lens group GE may be remaining stationary with respect to the image plane Sim during changing magnification, and the aperture stop St may be disposed closest to the object side in the final lens group GE. In such a case, it is easy to suppress fluctuation in F number due to the zooming. In addition, there is an advantage in suppressing fluctuation in field curvature and fluctuation in spherical aberration due to zooming.

In a case where the aperture stop St is disposed closest to the object side in the final lens group GE, it is preferable that the lens component disposed adjacent to the image side of the aperture stop St has a biconvex shape. In such a case, there is an advantage in satisfactorily correcting the spherical aberration. In addition, in the present specification, one lens component means one single lens or one group of cemented lenses. In the example of FIG. 1, the lens component disposed adjacent to the image side of the aperture stop St is a cemented lens consisting of the lens L5a and the lens L5b.

In a case where the aperture stop St is disposed closest to the object side in the final lens group GE, assuming that a curvature radius of a surface of the lens component, which is closest to the object side and is disposed adjacent to the image side of the aperture stop St, is REf, and a curvature radius of a surface of the lens component, which is closest to the image side and is disposed adjacent to the image side of the aperture stop St, is REr, it is preferable that the variable magnification optical system according to the present embodiment satisfies Conditional Expression (23). By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (23) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, there is an advantage in achieving reduction in size. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (23) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, there is an advantage in satisfactorily correcting the spherical aberration in the entire region of the zooming. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (23-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (23-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}-0.7<\left(REf+R\mathrm{Er}\right)/\left(\mathrm{REf}-REr\right)<0.7& \left(23\right)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{cc}-0.55<\left(REf+R\mathrm{Er}\right)/\left(\mathrm{REf}-REr\right)<0.55& \left(23-1\right)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{cc}-0.45<\left(REf+R\mathrm{Er}\right)/\left(\mathrm{REf}-REr\right)<0\text{.45}& \left(23-2\right)\end{array}$

It is preferable that the final lens group GE includes one or more lenses of which Abbe numbers based on the d line are 65 or more and which satisfies Conditional Expression (24). In Conditional Expression (24), it is assumed that a temperature coefficient of a relative refractive index of a lens in the final lens group GE at the d line in a range of 20° C. to 40° C. is dN/dT and a unit of dN/dT is ° C.⁻¹. The final lens group GE having a positive refractive power tends to use a material having low dispersion and abnormal dispersibility as a material for a positive lens in order to correct chromatic aberration. However, many such materials each have a negative temperature coefficient. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (24) to be equal to or less than the lower limit, a positive lens using a material having a positive temperature coefficient can be disposed in the final lens group GE, which is caused by a temperature change. Therefore, it is easy to satisfactorily correct fluctuation in image formation position. By not allowing the corresponding value of Conditional Expression (24) to be equal to or greater than the upper limit, it is possible to prevent the correction amount for suppressing fluctuation in image formation position from becoming excessive. In order to obtain more favorable characteristics, it is more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (24-1), and it is yet more preferable that the variable magnification optical system satisfies Conditional Expression (24-2).

$\begin{array}{cc}0<dN/dT<8\times 10^{-6}& \left(24\right)\\ 1.5\times 10^{-6}<dN/dT<7\times 10^{-6}& \left(24\text{-}1\right)\\ 3\times 10^{-6}<dN/dT<6\times 10^{-6}& \left(24\text{-}2\right)\end{array}$

The example shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the technology of the present disclosure. For example, the number of the plurality of lens groups disposed between the first lens group G1 and the final lens group GE, the number of lens groups included in the middle group GM, the number of movable lens groups included in the middle group GM, and the number of lenses included in each lens group may be different from the numbers shown in FIG. 1.

Specifically, for example, groups, which are included in the plurality of lens groups disposed between the first lens group G1 and the final lens group GE and move by changing the spacing between adjacent lens groups during changing magnification, may be configured to consist of, in order from the object side to the image side, an middle group GM, a negative movable lens group GN, and a positive movable lens group having a positive refractive power. The middle group GM is a group including one or more lens groups and having a negative refractive power as a whole. The negative movable lens group GN is a lens group having a negative refractive power positioned closest to the image side among the lens groups having a negative refractive power in the plurality of lens groups, and is a lens group that moves during changing magnification. In such a case, it is easy to satisfactorily suppress fluctuations in various aberrations due to zooming.

Further, the middle group GM may be configured to consist of, in order from the object side to the image side, a front lens group having a positive refractive power, a central lens group having a negative refractive power, and a rear lens group having a negative refractive power. The middle group GM may be configured such that, during changing magnification, the spacing between the front lens group and the central lens group may change, and the spacing between the central lens group and the rear lens group may change. In such a case, it is easy to satisfactorily suppress fluctuations in various aberrations due to zooming.

Alternatively, the middle group GM may be configured to consist of only one lens group having a negative refractive power.

More specifically, each lens group can have, for example, the following configuration.

The first A subgroup G1A can be configured to consist of three lenses. The first A subgroup G1A may be configured to consist of two negative lenses and one positive lens in order from the object side to the image side. Alternatively, the first A subgroup G1A may be configured to consist of one negative lens, one positive lens, and one negative lens in order from the object side to the image side.

Alternatively, the first A subgroup G1A can be configured to consist of four lenses. In such a case, the first A subgroup G1A may be configured to consist of three negative lenses and one positive lens in order from the object side to the image side.

The first B subgroup G1B can be configured to consist of three lenses. In such a case, the first B subgroup G1B may be configured to consist of two positive lenses and one negative lens in order from the object side to the image side.

The first B subgroup G1B can be configured to consist of four lenses. In such a case, the first B subgroup G1B may be configured to consist of three positive lenses and one negative lens in order from the object side to the image side.

The first C subgroup G1C can be configured to consist of two or three lenses. In such a case, the first C subgroup G1C may be configured to consist of two or three positive lenses.

In a case where the middle group GM consists of the front lens group and the rear lens group described above, the middle group GM can be configured as follows. The front lens group can be configured to consist of one positive lens. Alternatively, the front lens group can be configured to consist of one negative lens and one positive lens. In such a case, the front lens group may be configured to consist of one group of cemented lenses. The rear lens group can be configured to consist of eight lenses. In such a case, the rear lens group may be configured to consist of five negative lenses and three positive lenses. Alternatively, the rear lens group can be configured to consist of seven lenses. In such a case, the rear lens group may be configured to consist of four negative lenses and three positive lenses, or may be configured to consist of five negative lenses and two positive lenses. Alternatively, the rear lens group can be configured to consist of six lenses. In such a case, the rear lens group may be configured to consist of three negative lenses and three positive lenses, or may be configured to consist of four negative lenses and two positive lenses.

In a case where the middle group GM consists of the front lens group, the central lens group, and the rear lens group, the middle group GM can be configured as follows. The front lens group can be configured to consist of one positive lens. The central lens group can be configured to consist of four lenses. In this case, the central lens group may be configured to consist of three negative lenses and one positive lens. The rear lens group can be configured to consist of three lenses. In this case, the rear lens group may be configured to consist of one negative lens and two positive lenses.

In a case where the middle group GM consists of only one lens group, the middle group GM can be configured as follows. The middle group GM can be configured to consist of six lenses. In such a case, the middle group GM may be configured to consist of four negative lenses and two positive lenses. Alternatively, the middle group GM can be configured to consist of seven lenses. In such a case, the middle group GM may be configured to consist of four negative lenses and three positive lenses.

The negative movable lens group GN can be configured to consist of two lenses. In such a case, the negative movable lens group GN may be configured to consist of one negative lens and one positive lens. The negative movable lens group GN may be configured to consist of one group of cemented lenses or may be configured to consist of two single lenses.

The positive movable lens group can be configured to consist of three lenses. In this case, the positive movable lens group may be configured to consist of two positive lenses and one negative lens.

The variable magnification optical system of the present disclosure may be a zoom lens or a varifocal lens.

The above-mentioned preferred configurations and available configurations including the configurations relating to Conditional Expressions may be any combination, and it is preferable to appropriately selectively adopt the configurations in accordance with required specification. It should be noted that the ranges of the possible conditional expressions are not limited to the conditional expressions described in the form of the expression, and the lower limit and the upper limit are selected from each of the preferable, more preferable, and yet more preferable conditional expressions. The ranges of the conditional expressions include ranges obtained through optional combinations.

Next, examples of the variable magnification optical system of the present disclosure will be described. The reference numerals attached to the lenses in the cross-sectional views of each example are used independently for each example in order to avoid complication of description and drawings due to an increase in the number of digits of the reference numerals. Therefore, even in a case where common reference numerals are attached in the drawings of different examples, components do not necessarily have a common configuration.

Example 1

The configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system according to Example 1 are shown in FIG. 1, and the illustration method and configuration thereof are as described above, and thus, repeated description will be omitted.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 1, Tables 1A and 1B show basic lens data, Table 2 shows specification and variable surface spacings, and Table 3 shows aspherical coefficients. Here, the basic lens data is divided into two tables, Table 1A and Table 1B, in order to avoid lengthening of one table. Tables 1A, 1B, and 2 show data in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

Tables 1A and 1B are described as follows. The column of Sn shows surface numbers in a case where the surface closest to the object side is the first surface and the number is increased one by one toward the image side. The column of R shows a curvature radius of each surface. The column of D shows a surface spacing between each surface and the surface adjacent to the image side on the optical axis. The column of Nd shows a refractive index of each constituent element at the d line. The column of νd shows an Abbe number of each constituent element based on the d line. The column of θgF shows a partial dispersion ratio of each constituent element between the g line and the F line. The column of ED shows an effective diameter at the diameter of each surface. The column of Sg shows a specific gravity of each constituent element. The specific gravity shows only the first lens group G1.

In Tables 1A and 1B, the sign of the curvature radius of the surface having a convex surface facing toward the object side is positive and the sign of the curvature radius of the surface having a convex surface facing toward the image side is negative. In Table 1B, in a place of a surface number of a surface corresponding to the aperture stop St, the surface number and a term of (St) are noted. Table 1B also shows the optical member PP. A value at the bottom place of the column of D in Table 1B indicates a spacing between the image plane Sim and the surface closest to the image side in the table. In Table 1A, the symbol DD[ ] is used for each variable surface spacing during changing magnification, and the object side surface number of the spacing is given in [ ] and is noted in the column of D.

Table 2 shows the zoom magnification Zr, the focal length f, the back focal length Bf at the air conversion distance, the open F number FNo., the maximum total angle of view 2ω, the maximum image height Ims, and the variable surface spacing during changing magnification, based on the d line. In a case where the variable magnification optical system is a zoom lens, the zoom magnification is synonymous with the zoom ratio. (°) in the place of 2ω indicates that the unit thereof is a degree. In Table 2, the columns of WIDE, MIDDLE, and TELE show values in the wide angle end state, the middle focal length state, and the telephoto end state, respectively.

In basic lens data, the reference sign * is attached to surface numbers of aspherical surfaces, and numerical values of the paraxial curvature radius are written into the column of the curvature radius of the aspherical surface. In Table 3, the row of Sn shows surface numbers of the aspherical surfaces, and the rows of KA and Am show numerical values of the aspherical coefficients for each aspherical surface. It should be noted that m of Am is an integer of 3 or more, and differs depending on the surface. For example, on the first surface, m=3, 4, 5, . . . , 20. The “E±n” (n: an integer) in numerical values of the aspherical coefficients of Table 3 indicates “×10^±n”. KA and Am are the aspherical coefficients in the aspheric equation represented by the following expression.

$Zd=C\times h^2/\left\{1+{\left(1-\mathrm{KA}\times C^2\times h^2\right)}^{1/2}\right\}+\Sigma Am\times h^m$

Here,

Zd is an aspherical surface depth (a length of a perpendicular from a point on an aspherical surface at height h to a plane that is perpendicular to the optical axis Z in contact with the vertex of the aspherical surface),

h is a height (a distance from the optical axis Z to the lens surface),

C is an inverse of the paraxial curvature radius,

KA and Am are aspherical coefficients, and

Σ in the aspheric equation means the sum with respect to m.

In data of each table, a degree is used as a unit of an angle, and mm (millimeter) is used as a unit of a length, but appropriate different units may be used since the optical system can be used even in a case where the system is enlarged or reduced in proportion. Further, each of the following tables shows numerical values rounded off to predetermined decimal places.

TABLE 1A
Example 1
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED	Sg
*1	19966.75539	4.400	1.73316	54.68	0.54436	146.17	4.13
2	256.96189	16.939				139.16
3	−385.40577	3.419	1.78403	49.60	0.55166	138.65	4.38
4	225.21207	9.401	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	138.14	5.51
5	773.30724	1.637				138.07
6	544.99170	16.600	1.50614	81.58	0.53913	138.27	3.56
7	−235.89997	0.199				138.20
8	138.37249	17.351	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	140.50	3.59
9	664.41960	0.201				140.00
10	181.53334	4.300	1.85478	24.80	0.61232	138.38	3.49
11	120.21551	43.844				133.43
12	137.33199	20.000	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	141.93	3.59
13	1457.05292	0.120				141.50
*14	152.38909	18.500	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	138.45	3.62
15	−2660.64421	DD[15]				137.44
*16	144.32402	3.974	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	85.78
17	204.56938	DD[17]				84.09
18	4016.52155	1.500	1.91171	36.83	0.57843	49.74
19	63.89848	6.659				46.87
20	−169.93294	1.984	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	46.74
21	130.63810	4.324				46.52
22	−143.84388	1.981	1.68344	57.33	0.54263	46.57
23	119.65744	7.095	1.70112	33.73	0.59318	47.99
24	−289.75477	2.340				48.79
25	−539.00664	2.020	1.58894	61.02	0.54280	49.49
26	245.56024	4.707	1.62898	35.10	0.58644	50.24
27	−269.21774	13.401				50.74
28	179.96575	9.820	1.68893	51.22	0.55235	55.89
29	−109.66190	1.510	1.53476	77.27	0.54055	56.09
30	1153.79118	DD[30]				56.10
31	−79.79343	1.300	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	56.45
32	227.23675	0.213				58.67
33	250.06516	2.500	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	58.69
34	1037.07126	DD[34]				58.90

TABLE 1B
Example 1
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
35(St)	∞	1.969				59.73
36	258.55091	12.437	1.59504	61.34	0.54252	61.16
37	−58.20553	1.649	1.78748	47.99	0.55522	61.43
38	−111.36299	2.799				62.93
39	54.99693	19.647	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	62.88
40	−70.31665	1.388	1.54072	47.23	0.56511	61.63
41	−706.85120	7.045				58.00
42	46.02808	11.733	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	46.82
43	−83.26502	1.300	1.95375	32.32	0.59015	44.76
44	82.42912	4.998				41.61
45	−102.20122	5.623	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	41.53
46	−37.86090	1.410	1.76612	47.61	0.55688	41.52
47	−71.81824	19.232				41.20
48	40.85242	6.953	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	33.14
49	−81.00907	0.879				32.26
50	−88.48926	1.000	1.95375	32.32	0.59015	31.17
51	22.77130	8.404	1.60517	37.48	0.58160	29.17
52	−119.20658	1.675				29.24
53	−77.87165	4.552	1.52637	50.06	0.55898	29.12
54	−27.08668	0.900	1.84850	43.79	0.56197	29.23
55	95.16631	6.969				30.96
56	82.92367	4.773	1.80518	25.46	0.61572	37.78
57	−144.06667	45.091				38.07
58	∞	4.150	1.51633	64.14
59	∞	2.014

TABLE 2
Example 1
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.0	7.7
	f	50.018	152.397	385.642
	Bf	49.842	49.842	49.842
	FNo.	3.30	3.30	3.30
	2ω(°)	50.2	16.8	6.8
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[15]	1.470	22.522	69.501
	DD[17]	3.399	59.638	51.984
	DD[30]	85.932	14.049	18.085
	DD[34]	51.349	45.940	2.580

TABLE 3
Example 1
Sn	1	14	16
KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
A3	−5.3857896E−09	0.0000000E+00	1.7256063E−07
A4	1.1315386E−08	−5.4182092E−08	1.2726346E−08
A5	1.8930570E−11	2.9141317E−10	7.5368315E−11
A6	1.7729498E−13	−1.1920877E−11	1.6209835E−11
A7	−1.3582473E−14	1.1786770E−13	−1.2891196E−13
A8	−9.5033792E−17	3.8936267E−16	−1.1200960E−14
A9	9.3573784E−19	−1.1326430E−17	6.0527364E−17
A10	1.1949393E−20	−9.5068469E−20	2.9868130E−18
A11	−5.7431595E−23	2.6816889E−22	4.8256342E−20
A12	2.4895462E−24	1.0744516E−23	4.2089104E−22
A13	1.0131116E−27	1.1132978E−25	−2.4606332E−24
A14	−4.8777903E−28	4.6458610E−28	−8.9024330E−25
A15	7.0220562E−30	−5.4333594E−30	−1.8662042E−26
A16	−3.7920649E−33	−1.4005746E−31	6.4480795E−29
A17	1.3449455E−34	−1.5785270E−33	7.0738863E−30
A18	−1.5602557E−35	−1.8852320E−35	1.1599279E−31
A19	−4.1366483E−37	1.3050375E−38	2.7652334E−33
A20	5.9333966E−39	4.7589070E−39	−9.2994676E−35

FIG. 5 shows a diagram of aberrations of the variable magnification optical system of Example 1 in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus. FIG. 5 shows, in order from the left, spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and lateral chromatic aberration. In FIG. 5, the upper part labeled by “WIDE” shows aberrations in the wide angle end state, the middle part labeled by “MIDDLE” shows aberrations in the middle focal length state, and the lower part labeled by “TELE” shows aberrations in the telephoto end state. In spherical aberration diagram, aberrations at the d line, the C line, the F line, and the g line are indicated by the solid line, the long broken line, the short broken line, and the two-dot chain line, respectively. In the astigmatism diagram, aberration in the sagittal direction at the d line is indicated by the solid line, and aberration in the tangential direction at the d line is indicated by the short broken line. In the distortion diagram, aberration at the d line is indicated by the solid line. In lateral chromatic aberration diagram, aberrations at the C line, the F line, and the g line are respectively indicated by the long broken line, the short broken line, and the two-dot chain line. In the spherical aberration diagram, the value of the open F number is shown after FNo.=. In other aberration diagrams, the value of the maximum half angle of view is shown after ω=.

Symbols, meanings, description methods, and illustration methods of the respective data pieces according to Example 1 are the same as those in the following examples unless otherwise specified. Therefore, in the following description, repeated description will be omitted.

Example 2

FIG. 6 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 2. The variable magnification optical system of Example 2 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a positive refractive power, a fifth lens group G5 having a negative refractive power, and a sixth lens group G6 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the sixth lens group G6 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, the fourth lens group G4, and the fifth lens group G5 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacings from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fifth lens group G5.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of three lenses L1g to L1i in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of four lenses L3a to L3d in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of three lenses L4a to L4c in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of two lenses L5a and L5b in order from the object side to the image side. The sixth lens group G6 consists of an aperture stop St and fourteen lenses L6a to L6n in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 2, Tables 4A and 4B show the basic lens data, Table 5 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 6 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 7 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 4A
Example 2
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED	Sg
*1	19988.03274	4.500	1.72916	54.68	0.54451	147.62	4.18
2	172.27220	1.216				147.00
3	173.57490	9.399	1.84666	23.84	0.62012	137.42	3.50
4	358.26008	12.949				137.26
5	−378.60416	4.100	1.77250	49.62	0.55188	136.41	4.26
6	345.78380	7.946				136.29
7	1435.89354	13.739	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	134.14	3.65
8	−222.05319	0.120				134.36
9	173.39471	17.558	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	134.40	3.59
10	−1349.98175	0.120				136.38
11	224.59749	3.800	1.84666	23.84	0.62012	136.02	3.50
12	142.86358	43.675				135.34
13	187.01575	19.199	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	132.31	3.59
14	−963.84820	0.120				144.81
15	192.35345	12.660	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	144.71	3.65
16	905.89200	0.120				142.32
17	115.33356	12.095	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	141.69	3.65
18	208.41559	DD[18]				133.22
*19	133.14797	4.000	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	131.99
20	234.14102	DD[20]				64.76
21	2780.66501	1.500	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	63.20
22	56.78262	5.314				47.41
23	−429.01422	1.500	1.77250	49.62	0.55188	44.35
24	255.33442	6.572				44.31
25	−63.14256	1.444	1.84850	43.79	0.56197	44.25
26	431.97027	5.719	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	46.81
27	−98.69530	DD[27]				46.82
28	−96.54800	1.651	1.62846	59.17	0.55583	47.69
29	−220.02181	4.269	1.61266	44.46	0.56403	54.99
30	−83.50066	6.635				54.99
31	300.66861	4.500	1.74400	44.90	0.56308	55.52
32	−335.97977	DD[32]				58.94
33	−67.54701	1.671	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	59.04
34	220.65719	2.562	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	61.69
35	1054.77979	DD[35]				61.69

TABLE 4B
Example 2
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
36(St)	∞	1.990				61.83
37	195.66024	13.008	1.55397	71.76	0.53931	62.65
38	−64.96103	1.650	1.81600	46.59	0.55661	64.41
39	−121.38468	2.800				64.41
40	57.19756	14.999	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	65.77
41	−190.00256	1.670	1.54072	47.23	0.56511	64.53
42	1604.41721	10.337				64.52
43	54.77964	10.145	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	62.29
44	−97.71354	1.300	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	49.83
45	85.41346	6.682				49.82
46	−172.36448	4.081	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	46.06
47	−61.22649	1.231	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	45.06
48	−95.77163	16.656				45.06
49	49.27767	7.738	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	44.25
50	−58.57296	1.000	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	33.64
51	26.58530	7.648	1.58144	40.98	0.57640	31.65
52	−259.96209	3.527				31.65
53	−58.50509	4.010	1.58313	59.37	0.54345	31.69
54	−30.24183	0.900	1.88300	40.69	0.56730	31.89
55	−270.81550	9.601				31.89
56	632.93983	3.737	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	33.55
57	−92.33303	57.093				39.10
58	∞	4.150	1.51633	64.14
59	∞	1.000

TABLE 5
Example 2
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.0	7.7
	f	50.014	152.384	385.608
	Bf	60.830	60.830	60.830
	FNo.	3.30	3.30	3.30
	2ω(°)	50.2	16.8	6.8
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[18]	1.401	61.013	112.889
	DD[20]	1.671	18.471	1.771
	DD[27]	17.660	18.342	17.931
	DD[32]	72.888	9.241	25.734
	DD[35]	67.324	53.877	2.620

TABLE 6
Example 2
	Sn	1	19
	KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
	A3	−5.3857896E−09	1.7256063E−07
	A4	1.6400269E−08	1.0893109E−07
	A5	2.3508237E−10	1.0971148E−09
	A6	−1.5235911E−11	5.6637554E−11
	A7	4.9670252E−13	−2.2920563E−12
	A8	−7.6409319E−15	−1.9202370E−14
	A9	3.1570719E−17	4.7260463E−16
	A10	3.4461939E−19	6.6562681E−18
	A11	−7.7681344E−22	2.1540998E−18
	A12	−1.1578351E−23	2.7181607E−20
	A13	−2.8382718E−25	−9.5470802E−22
	A14	4.5952417E−28	−7.4604126E−23
	A15	−2.5573237E−29	−1.0282561E−24
	A16	2.4594128E−31	−1.5620019E−26
	A17	1.8989264E−33	2.8630617E−27
	A18	1.0526064E−34	1.9178263E−29
	A19	−3.8125305E−37	2.2155451E−32
	A20	−8.7483555E−39	−3.1766565E−32

Example 3

FIG. 8 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 3. The variable magnification optical system in Example 3 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of two lenses L1g and L1h in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of eight lenses L3a to L3h in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and fourteen lenses L5a to L5n in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 3, Tables 7A and 7B show the basic lens data, Table 8 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 9 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 9 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 7A
Example 3
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
*1	19271.78853	4.400	1.72916	54.09	0.54490	147.35	3.98
2	252.10525	17.839				147.00
3	−353.06322	3.419	1.76804	51.69	0.54848	139.84	4.28
4	249.21816	8.920	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	138.34	5.51
5	960.99204	1.480				138.34
6	540.48281	16.420	1.50945	81.08	0.53930	138.29	3.56
7	−241.75010	0.199				138.51
8	140.62658	17.342	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	138.43	3.59
9	731.45411	0.200				140.53
10	186.94200	4.299	1.85478	24.80	0.61232	140.00	3.49
11	122.10150	44.236				138.34
12	136.76463	20.001	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	133.47	3.59
13	1379.24472	0.119				141.94
*14	151.90029	18.500	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	142.00	3.62
15	−2373.89846	DD[15]				138.41
*16	141.15697	3.326	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	137.43
17	173.08616	DD[17]				88.15
18	882.03281	1.500	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	86.59
19	61.62679	7.548				51.07
20	−144.69746	1.964	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	48.00
21	127.82290	4.607				47.85
22	−159.27544	1.957	1.63153	59.92	0.54308	47.75
23	233.97006	5.977	1.73800	32.26	0.58953	49.09
24	−223.32010	1.830				49.09
25	−310.24481	2.000	1.52841	76.45	0.53954	49.80
26	129.73970	6.253	1.55345	45.09	0.56984	51.33
27	−249.65422	12.737				51.33
28	149.96629	9.528	1.60342	54.02	0.55040	51.75
29	−87.74754	1.510	1.52841	76.45	0.53954	55.81
30	1059.63429	DD[30]				55.81
31	−78.11539	1.300	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	55.82
32	222.92065	0.218				56.30
33	253.65662	2.499	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	58.61
34	1707.86188	DD[34]				58.60

TABLE 7B
Example 3
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
35(St)	∞	1.970				58.79
36	254.22704	12.360	1.59410	60.47	0.55516	59.79
37	−58.35769	1.650	1.80577	43.86	0.56366	61.46
38	−108.61656	2.800				61.46
39	55.37270	20.001	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	62.96
40	−73.49141	1.377	1.54072	47.23	0.56511	61.10
41	−628.54906	6.567				61.09
42	46.39609	11.611	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	57.70
43	−84.14447	1.300	1.95375	32.32	0.59015	44.78
44	84.64250	4.978				44.77
45	−99.79374	5.001	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	41.64
46	−39.83899	1.410	1.75118	52.88	0.54695	41.55
47	−72.59238	20.191				41.55
48	42.22067	6.335	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	41.20
49	−82.33364	1.388				32.83
50	−86.04543	1.000	1.95375	32.32	0.59015	32.15
51	22.26164	7.667	1.59321	38.68	0.58204	28.73
52	−121.83579	1.442				28.73
53	−80.07575	4.511	1.55117	45.40	0.56927	28.83
54	−26.36830	0.900	1.84850	43.79	0.56197	28.95
55	94.56389	5.914				28.95
56	78.49034	4.398	1.80518	25.46	0.61572	30.82
57	−138.63520	44.999				37.13
58	∞	4.150	1.51633	64.14
59	∞	2.001

TABLE 8
Example 3
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.0	7.7
	f	50.001	152.343	385.504
	Bf	49.737	49.737	49.737
	FNo.	3.30	3.30	3.31
	2ω(°)	50.2	16.8	6.8
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[15]	1.466	26.102	64.416
	DD[17]	3.466	58.858	57.105
	DD[30]	89.216	13.333	21.241
	DD[34]	50.973	46.829	2.359

TABLE 9
Example 3
Sn	1	14	16
KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
A3	−5.3857896E−09	0.0000000E+00	1.7256063E−07
A4	8.6613357E−09	−5.6436664E−08	1.1522478E−08
A5	4.8145204E−11	3.1182995E−10	6.5602143E−11
A6	−6.2326937E−15	−1.2523650E−11	1.6451849E−11
A7	−1.0869750E−14	1.1451718E−13	−1.2838540E−13
A8	−1.6426134E−16	5.1308507E−16	−1.1170168E−14
A9	1.4781502E−18	−1.2034245E−17	6.2369017E−17
A10	2.2111089E−20	−9.1379324E−20	2.9484419E−18
A11	−9.3150872E−23	1.8999198E−22	5.1239276E−20
A12	1.9426906E−25	1.0561860E−23	4.4926424E−22
A13	2.3760241E−26	1.1613112E−25	−2.5001949E−24
A14	−1.0533093E−27	4.7242666E−28	−9.6227948E−25
A15	6.8200149E−30	−4.2683902E−30	−1.7801159E−26
A16	3.7900040E−32	−1.3658557E−31	5.2905524E−29
A17	1.5826565E−35	−1.5120340E−33	6.6013263E−30
A18	8.0390213E−37	−2.0075291E−35	1.1849862E−31
A19	−1.9500130E−37	−8.5478889E−39	2.7764059E−33
A20	1.5764736E−39	4.6940535E−39	−8.7655507E−35

Example 4

The configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 4 are shown in FIG. 10. The variable magnification optical system in Example 4 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of three lenses L1g to L1i in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of seven lenses L3a to L3g in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and fourteen lenses L5a to L5n in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 4, Tables 10A and 10B show the basic lens data, Table 11 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 12 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 11 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 10A
Example 4
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
*1	20015.99317	4.500	1.72916	54.68	0.54451	147.26	4.18
2	278.88173	17.371				147.00
3	−336.90848	4.120	1.77250	49.62	0.55188	140.34	4.26
4	231.89924	9.383	1.84666	23.78	0.61923	138.14	3.50
5	831.17307	3.394				138.14
6	976.94620	14.693	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	138.07	4.13
7	−233.57946	0.119				138.28
8	160.27416	17.350	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	138.27	3.59
9	3512.68676	0.119				140.43
10	255.67430	3.800	1.84666	23.78	0.61923	140.00	3.50
11	143.06427	46.801				138.54
12	191.98920	18.281	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	134.73	3.59
13	−915.96649	0.120				142.21
14	183.22841	11.298	1.55032	75.50	0.54001	142.00	4.09
15	573.33724	0.300				139.32
16	113.82582	11.947	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	138.64	3.65
17	207.66957	DD[17]				130.75
*18	138.05623	4.037	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	129.50
19	265.27876	DD[19]				64.62
20	837.50172	1.500	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	63.07
21	56.89286	5.456				48.20
22	−426.91477	1.499	1.69560	59.05	0.54348	44.95
23	132.20113	6.002				44.88
24	−69.92114	1.996	1.88300	40.69	0.56730	44.34
25	511.90677	5.675	1.67270	32.21	0.59190	46.43
26	−102.13627	1.816				46.44
27	−115.08883	2.015	1.61720	53.97	0.55033	47.48
28	−186.58078	4.249	1.62004	36.37	0.58282	49.59
29	−84.73004	18.131				49.60
30	258.26706	4.475	1.78880	28.43	0.60092	50.47
31	−373.84758	DD[31]				57.71
32	−68.46537	1.320	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	57.83
33	240.13920	3.472	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	60.55
34	1893.01324	DD[34]				60.55

TABLE 10B
Example 4
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
35(St)	∞	1.991				60.86
36	246.08533	13.478	1.59349	67.00	0.53667	61.68
37	−56.96983	1.650	1.77250	49.62	0.55188	63.22
38	−128.74560	2.800				63.22
39	53.73521	19.343	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	64.82
40	−87.79724	1.670	1.54072	47.20	0.56784	63.64
41	−1213.08505	7.569				63.63
42	45.48315	12.135	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	60.04
43	−90.50969	1.300	1.95375	32.32	0.59015	45.48
44	74.58134	4.515				45.47
45	−165.65036	5.878	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	41.96
46	−41.51517	1.230	1.78800	47.35	0.55597	41.75
47	−80.86869	19.483				41.75
48	54.64839	7.001	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	41.20
49	−53.11591	1.000	1.95375	32.32	0.59015	30.73
50	24.20585	7.621	1.64769	33.85	0.58860	29.44
51	−175.50585	1.887				29.44
52	−73.53897	4.444	1.51742	52.43	0.55649	29.63
53	−27.31579	0.900	1.84850	43.79	0.56197	29.94
54	−380.11638	7.190				29.94
55	106.32314	3.601	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	31.77
56	−279.79194	46.853				37.44
57	∞	4.150	1.51633	64.14
58	∞	0.989

TABLE 11
Example 4
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.0	7.7
	f	49.999	152.340	385.496
	Bf	50.579	50.579	50.579
	FNo.	3.30	3.30	3.30
	2ω(°)	49.6	16.8	6.8
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[17]	1.483	59.306	106.099
	DD[19]	2.470	17.070	2.470
	DD[31]	68.278	8.267	31.715
	DD[34]	70.421	58.010	2.368

TABLE 12
Example 4
	Sn	1	18
	KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
	A3	−5.3857896E−09	1.7256063E−07
	A4	3.7872778E−09	1.1885030E−07
	A5	2.4462612E−10	−1.8059320E−09
	A6	−1.5306688E−11	1.0267909E−10
	A7	5.1635354E−13	−7.6080811E−13
	A8	−8.6121829E−15	−4.4255539E−14
	A9	4.0743938E−17	−6.9957786E−16
	A10	4.5417288E−19	−1.7013319E−17
	A11	−1.8056473E−21	3.4005008E−18
	A12	−1.7318465E−23	3.6443030E−21
	A13	−3.1472514E−25	9.0084163E−22
	A14	−1.7400242E−27	−5.8505170E−23
	A15	−2.0027491E−29	−1.6825507E−24
	A16	7.7081656E−31	4.2946000E−26
	A17	3.6956738E−33	−1.1275985E−27
	A18	7.5521081E−35	−5.2190876E−29
	A19	−3.4871525E−37	4.1305544E−30
	A20	−1.2520730E−38	−5.0103229E−32

Example 5

FIG. 12 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 5. The variable magnification optical system in Example 5 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of three lenses L1g to L1i in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of seven lenses L3a to L3g in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and fourteen lenses L5a to L5n in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 5, Tables 13A and 13B show the basic lens data, Table 14 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 15 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 13 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 13A
Example 5
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
*1	8205.66128	4.500	1.72916	54.68	0.54451	147.00	4.18
2	170.01677	1.051				137.23
3	169.27154	9.329	1.84666	23.84	0.62012	137.04	3.50
4	332.18582	13.699				136.14
5	−362.92401	4.100	1.77250	49.62	0.55188	136.03	4.26
6	365.82303	6.842				134.13
7	997.04627	14.226	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	134.38	3.65
8	−226.41462	0.120				134.40
9	177.95993	17.273	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	136.88	3.59
10	−1342.19481	0.120				136.55
11	225.89048	3.801	1.84666	23.84	0.62012	135.77	3.50
12	143.43738	42.945				132.69
13	186.71399	19.191	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	142.98	3.59
14	−829.47251	0.120				142.84
15	197.61097	11.944	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	140.43	3.65
16	895.75518	0.121				139.82
17	115.75622	11.999	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	131.82	3.65
18	213.25427	DD[18]				130.61
*19	119.66301	4.001	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	66.08
20	222.20668	DD[20]				64.83
21	1544.71826	1.500	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	47.07
22	54.90034	5.543				43.90
23	−362.43501	1.500	1.77250	49.62	0.55188	43.82
24	223.29180	5.553				43.54
25	−63.62880	1.373	1.84850	43.79	0.56197	43.55
26	352.27252	4.939	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	45.92
27	−100.17466	17.899				46.51
28	−95.70171	1.654	1.61997	63.88	0.54252	52.54
29	−222.69281	4.269	1.61266	44.46	0.56403	54.16
30	−82.29980	6.290				54.69
31	286.25058	4.499	1.74400	44.90	0.56308	58.19
32	−322.82481	DD[32]				58.31
33	−67.13021	1.671	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	58.09
34	227.55028	2.890	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	60.97
35	1328.07583	DD[35]				61.16

TABLE 13B
Example 5
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
36(St)	∞	1.990				62.00
37	197.07441	12.591	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	63.54
38	−65.79695	1.650	1.81600	46.59	0.55661	63.72
39	−118.97582	2.800				65.04
40	57.34935	14.414	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	64.90
41	−259.02339	1.670	1.54072	47.23	0.56511	63.79
42	1953.40832	10.132				62.01
43	54.45164	11.310	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	50.49
44	−99.12410	1.300	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	48.80
45	85.25076	6.535				45.18
46	−165.28070	4.001	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	44.31
47	−62.64231	1.409	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	44.14
48	−95.65383	17.043				43.36
49	48.54391	7.592	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	34.25
50	−57.96409	1.000	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	33.21
51	26.30450	7.659	1.58144	40.98	0.57640	31.34
52	−221.48432	2.483				31.40
53	−59.54995	4.025	1.58313	59.37	0.54345	31.37
54	−29.96692	0.900	1.88300	40.69	0.56730	31.65
55	−252.71900	9.609				33.29
56	632.94260	3.780	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	38.80
57	−94.19992	57.014				39.17
58	∞	4.150	1.51633	64.14
59	∞	0.994

TABLE 14
Example 5
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.0	7.7
	f	50.005	152.356	385.538
	Bf	60.745	60.745	60.745
	FNo.	3.30	3.30	3.30
	2ω(°)	50.2	16.8	6.8
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[18]	1.474	59.318	111.943
	DD[20]	2.733	19.533	2.792
	DD[32]	70.968	9.522	25.645
	DD[35]	67.589	54.391	2.385

TABLE 15
Example 5
	Sn	1	19
	KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
	A3	−5.3857896E−09	1.7256063E−07
	A4	1.3877300E−08	9.0352072E−08
	A5	1.9518303E−10	9.7583129E−10
	A6	−1.4247728E−11	7.1325586E−11
	A7	4.9246088E−13	−2.2253642E−12
	A8	−7.7399125E−15	−2.3301971E−14
	A9	3.1297320E−17	1.8937780E−16
	A10	3.5660511E−19	−7.1216157E−18
	A11	−6.7930835E−22	2.7351114E−18
	A12	−1.0682671E−23	3.7184629E−22
	A13	−2.9321485E−25	−6.8228596E−24
	A14	3.9253044E−28	−5.1627438E−23
	A15	−2.4799576E−29	−1.0279215E−24
	A16	2.1727276E−31	−3.2528888E−26
	A17	1.2731769E−33	2.1469551E−27
	A18	1.0798389E−34	5.3912796E−31
	A19	−3.8971441E−37	1.0885495E−30
	A20	−7.7345659E−39	−3.4464014E−32

Example 6

FIG. 14 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 6. The variable magnification optical system in Example 6 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of four lenses L1a to L1d in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1e to L1g in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of two lenses L1h and L1i in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of seven lenses L3a to L3g in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and thirteen lenses L5a to L5m in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 6, Tables 16A and 16B show the basic lens data, Table 17 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 18 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 15 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 16A
Example 6
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
1	2112.12382	3.800	1.73402	54.60	0.54448	146.24	4.13
2	305.99931	11.288				145.06
3	−787.87764	3.801	1.74344	53.66	0.54583	139.31	4.17
4	879.98837	9.929				139.21
5	−336.59454	3.820	1.77250	49.60	0.55212	136.79	4.23
6	335.14369	9.170	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	136.76	5.51
7	−3517.81701	1.500				136.76
*8	316.09003	17.109	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	136.74	3.62
9	−296.70000	0.200				136.20
10	169.21266	20.399	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	138.91	3.59
11	−882.55556	0.200				142.80
12	274.21910	3.601	1.85478	24.80	0.61232	142.60	3.49
13	140.71353	43.083				139.66
*14	163.78127	20.099	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	135.25	3.64
15	−1361.49906	0.201				144.81
16	135.80126	18.394	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	143.80	3.62
17	1109.06277	DD[17]				137.98
18	241.88045	4.000	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	137.00
19	895.42383	DD[19]				63.61
*20	2256.20719	1.621	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	51.07
21	57.70558	7.981				50.69
22	−102.74826	3.669	1.80706	47.75	0.55504	46.98
23	125.33668	5.784				46.89
24	740.58097	12.460	1.59270	35.31	0.59336	47.21
25	−67.52364	2.555	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	50.64
26	−133.67229	3.872				50.64
27	127.93660	9.987	1.78213	32.82	0.59360	52.17
28	−312.29512	1.583	1.49700	81.61	0.53887	54.33
29	2317.04449	1.150				54.33
30	−476.06392	2.713	1.67545	57.73	0.54287	54.06
31	782.31379	DD[31]				54.04
32	−72.24096	1.311	1.52271	77.69	0.53897	53.92
33	165.35287	3.000	1.84999	23.69	0.62126	56.31
34	478.33025	DD[34]				56.31

TABLE 16B
Example 6
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
35(St)	∞	2.785				56.53
36	217.32899	7.353	1.70287	56.36	0.54348	57.32
37	−112.83667	1.818				59.24
38	−79.78275	1.701	1.73800	32.33	0.59005	59.39
39	−110.91198	2.801				59.38
40	70.23303	9.431	1.55532	66.05	0.53856	60.13
41	−359.62847	0.151				59.94
42	48.79175	12.838	1.43700	95.10	0.53364	59.44
43	−115.55063	1.601	1.90366	31.31	0.59481	51.83
44	112.02454	4.006				51.82
45	−408.45943	5.384	1.84661	23.88	0.62072	48.48
46	−75.08207	1.600	1.84850	43.79	0.56197	47.73
47	−127.38079	11.516				47.73
48	75.30319	6.136	1.49700	81.61	0.53887	47.07
49	−136.34693	0.233				35.17
50	519.90262	1.201	1.82684	46.59	0.55696	33.15
51	21.85654	7.579	1.43700	95.10	0.53364	28.71
52	−1161.38463	2.472				28.71
53	−363.17151	4.855	1.49700	81.61	0.53887	28.56
54	−29.03187	1.101	1.79754	48.25	0.55426	28.23
55	152.11880	22.175				28.23
56	211.33901	2.995	1.74460	28.54	0.60738	29.02
57	−196.47086	59.418				38.46
58	∞	4.150	1.51680	64.20
59	∞	1.010

TABLE 17
Example 6
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.1	7.7
	f	50.004	152.572	386.536
	Bf	63.164	63.164	63.164
	FNo.	3.30	3.30	3.30
	2ω(°)	50.6	16.8	6.6
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[17]	1.500	58.101	103.301
	DD[19]	1.507	15.091	1.507
	DD[31]	72.728	9.707	19.660
	DD[34]	51.058	43.895	2.325

TABLE 18
Example 6
Sn	8	14	20
KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
A4	−2.1692043E−08	−2.7727773E−08	2.5320472E−07
A6	1.2768740E−12	−1.1067827E−12	2.1091895E−10
A8	−4.8788496E−16	−2.3233665E−16	−7.1740421E−13
A10	6.0679808E−20	2.4327059E−19	7.8662068E−16
A12	−2.9066987E−24	−6.8936760E−23	8.0200926E−19
A14	7.0801276E−28	5.0247986E−27	−2.7607559E−21
A16	−2.4183654E−31	1.3256291E−30	8.2237000E−25
A18	2.9233605E−35	−2.9285922E−34	3.1613332E−27
A20	−1.2019237E−39	1.6932459E−38	−2.4662852E−30

Example 7

FIG. 16 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 7. The variable magnification optical system in Example 7 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of three lenses L1g to L1i in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of seven lenses L3a to L3g in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and fourteen lenses L5a to L5n in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 7, Tables 19A and 19B show the basic lens data, Table 20 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 21 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 17 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 19A
Example 7
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
*1	2499.51160	4.500	1.72916	54.68	0.54451	148.22	4.18
2	277.11484	16.918				147.00
3	−326.07416	4.220	1.75500	52.32	0.54757	136.06	4.17
4	244.14465	7.653	1.84666	23.84	0.62012	137.98	3.50
5	582.65242	5.581				137.98
6	1362.74691	13.839	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	137.75	4.13
7	−237.95589	0.201				137.83
8	168.74635	17.219	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	138.87	3.59
9	34365.73168	0.200				140.36
10	253.77606	3.900	1.84666	23.84	0.62012	140.20	3.50
11	148.30858	45.916				139.16
12	202.87000	18.094	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	135.80	3.59
13	−1021.95507	0.201				145.51
14	209.06059	12.095	1.55032	75.50	0.54001	145.44	4.09
15	1049.16749	0.320				143.63
16	127.89764	14.177	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	143.03	3.65
17	318.59302	DD[17]				135.44
18	255.79334	4.001	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	134.11
19	−2257.14682	DD[19]				63.18
*20	4164.96215	1.701	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	50.51
21	57.33914	8.408				50.30
22	−85.72601	6.000	1.75500	52.32	0.54757	46.47
23	165.19750	2.805				46.36
24	514.22796	9.009	1.59270	35.31	0.59336	47.20
25	−122.09232	2.799	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	49.64
26	−1465.25772	4.438				49.64
27	1532.23624	9.399	1.78880	28.43	0.60092	52.98
28	−112.23786	2.899	1.88300	40.76	0.56679	54.32
29	−407.72911	0.932				54.32
30	242.07778	6.999	1.67300	38.26	0.57580	55.53
31	−262.39281	DD[31]				56.63
32	−72.02829	1.411	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	56.95
33	211.19701	4.442	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	59.32
34	525.10338	DD[34]				59.32

TABLE 19B
Example 7
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
35(St)	∞	2.500				59.75
36	259.55021	5.436	1.72916	54.68	0.54451	60.55
37	−217.15012	1.700	1.73800	32.33	0.59005	62.22
38	−256.41303	2.800				62.22
39	65.82243	10.567	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	62.42
40	−574.67204	1.311	1.54072	47.23	0.56511	61.59
41	−2932.07333	0.340				61.59
42	57.01484	14.236	1.43700	95.10	0.53364	60.86
43	−80.63266	1.601	1.88300	40.76	0.56679	54.62
44	163.92294	4.285				54.61
45	−162.46986	5.599	1.73800	32.33	0.59005	51.70
46	−56.32939	1.611	1.72916	54.68	0.54451	51.54
47	−86.86479	11.289				51.54
48	50.82282	6.764	1.51860	69.89	0.53184	51.25
49	−138.90444	2.001				39.16
50	−6131.02993	1.201	1.87070	40.73	0.56825	38.09
51	23.48588	6.384	1.43700	95.10	0.53364	30.22
52	152.88153	9.656				30.22
53	937.32783	5.874	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	30.01
54	−27.27776	1.100	1.81600	46.62	0.55682	28.99
55	153.58623	18.350				28.99
56	104.83403	3.734	1.78880	28.43	0.60092	29.92
57	−333.03023	57.970				39.87
58	∞	4.150	1.51680	64.20
59	∞	1.002

TABLE 20
Example 7
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.1	7.7
	f	49.993	152.539	386.452
	Bf	61.708	61.708	61.708
	FNo.	3.29	3.29	3.29
	2ω(°)	50.0	16.8	6.8
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[17]	2.166	62.577	104.679
	DD[19]	1.715	12.451	1.716
	DD[31]	68.059	8.015	29.459
	DD[34]	66.731	55.628	2.817

TABLE 21
Example 7
	Sn	1	20
	KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
	A4	7.7879396E−09	1.6442102E−07
	A6	6.9131651E−13	−1.9498855E−11
	A8	−3.8836286E−16	−1.0582242E−13
	A10	9.0639926E−20	1.6685707E−16
	A12	−1.0085685E−23	1.3708912E−19
	A14	9.2869034E−28	−4.8057576E−22
	A16	−3.0706896E−31	−8.4674094E−26
	A18	5.3311497E−35	7.2952808E−28
	A20	−2.8029557E−39	−3.5929459E−31

Example 8

FIG. 18 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 8. The variable magnification optical system in Example 8 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of three lenses L1g to L1i in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of two lenses L2a and L2b in order from the object side to the image side. The third lens group G3 consists of six lenses L3a to L3f in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and thirteen lenses L5a to L5m in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 8, Tables 22A and 22B show the basic lens data, Table 23 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 24 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 19 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 22A
Example 8
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
1	−2092.05259	3.900	1.77250	49.60	0.55212	120.09	4.23
2	160.85043	21.334				121.00
3	−155.79649	5.199	1.84850	43.79	0.56197	113.32	5.08
4	1552.62293	0.350				113.20
5	907.26461	7.899	1.84666	23.84	0.62012	116.04	3.50
6	−582.94373	6.432				116.82
7	−312.95252	10.900	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	117.31	3.59
8	−147.40107	0.200				118.26
9	292.76666	15.356	1.55032	75.50	0.54001	121.35	4.09
10	−280.30347	0.200				122.56
11	262.26032	3.801	1.84666	23.84	0.62012	123.02	3.50
12	169.21456	24.288				124.56
13	246.65538	15.430	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	123.24	3.59
14	−396.56899	0.200				126.92
15	212.75394	10.852	1.55032	75.50	0.54001	127.10	4.09
16	3020.30811	0.320				126.96
17	122.62116	11.890	1.55032	75.50	0.54001	126.55	4.09
18	300.45730	DD[18]				121.39
19	406.08762	1.501	1.84666	23.78	0.62054	120.25
20	169.73028	5.081	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	51.63
21	−238.64231	DD[21]				51.62
*22	4164.93188	1.701	1.95375	32.32	0.59015	45.55
23	40.47955	11.332				44.94
24	−39.65174	1.601	1.83400	37.16	0.57759	40.34
25	397.31662	3.389				40.21
26	−143.07299	4.305	1.78879	25.56	0.61605	45.44
27	−61.70130	0.121				44.01
28	−186.18557	3.046	1.59270	35.31	0.59336	45.05
29	−93.10425	1.701	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	46.98
30	−111.48612	0.121				46.98
31	174.05349	5.988	1.78737	27.99	0.60816	49.47
32	−117.18312	DD[32]				50.63
33	−53.09913	1.411	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	50.90
34	170.35545	3.209	1.78880	28.43	0.60092	54.35
35	2933.09642	DD[35]				54.35

TABLE 22B
Example 8
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
36(St)	∞	1.600				54.58
37	120.47829	8.424	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	55.40
38	−117.46763	0.121				57.30
39	115.02056	4.391	1.59976	46.84	0.56463	57.36
40	1742.87794	0.121				55.71
41	81.11516	3.731	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	55.32
42	186.69095	1.500	1.54072	47.23	0.56511	52.41
43	123.85947	0.120				52.41
44	68.01632	12.752	1.43700	95.10	0.53364	51.08
45	−85.63704	1.601	1.88300	40.76	0.56679	46.57
46	57.54886	44.497				46.56
47	470.88608	6.893	1.56196	43.38	0.57306	43.63
48	−64.61931	13.569				49.00
49	48.37800	10.108	1.48749	70.24	0.53007	45.25
50	−132.81839	1.695				44.10
51	−109.66760	2.913	1.88300	40.76	0.56679	42.67
52	34.01968	12.195	1.52001	76.92	0.53806	38.46
53	−45.97127	0.120				38.46
54	−73.95460	4.113	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	38.44
55	−36.24778	1.101	1.86969	41.23	0.56776	37.17
56	59.10103	0.150				37.17
57	52.91858	6.209	1.67270	32.10	0.59891	38.18
58	−184.91465	63.876				38.82
59	∞	4.100	1.51680	64.20
60	∞	0.984

TABLE 23
Example 8
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.1	7.7
	f	36.224	110.525	279.646
	Bf	67.563	67.563	67.563
	FNo.	3.28	3.28	3.28
	2ω(°)	68.2	23.0	9.4
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[18]	2.124	72.163	100.360
	DD[21]	1.401	8.538	11.734
	DD[32]	81.923	8.986	20.569
	DD[35]	49.106	44.867	1.890

TABLE 24
Example 8
Sn  22
KA  1.0000000E+00
A4  1.4615104E−06
A6  1.6250388E−10
A8  −5.8075217E−12
A10 2.0908064E−14
A12 −3.0611068E−17
A14 −1.1150205E−20
A16 8.1084157E−23
A18 −6.4259403E−26
A20 8.6247942E−31

Example 9

FIG. 20 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 9. The variable magnification optical system in Example 9 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of two lenses L1g and L1h in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of six lenses L3a to L3f in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and thirteen lenses L5a to L5m in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 9, Tables 25A and 25B show the basic lens data, Table 26 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 27 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 21 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 25A
Example 9
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
1	−962.21938	3.900	1.73002	55.00	0.54410	140.33	4.11
2	315.58160	16.539				140.33
3	−288.09065	3.900	1.74726	53.27	0.54639	142.71	4.19
4	352.54236	0.186				136.86
5	324.26593	8.016	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	136.53	5.51
6	2466.25372	1.462				136.37
*7	837.13277	18.781	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	136.62	3.62
8	−178.63525	0.120				136.64
9	150.94320	16.882	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	138.79	3.62
10	1064.52242	0.530				138.79
11	429.52734	3.500	1.81008	26.49	0.61277	140.20	3.78
12	170.94625	44.185				139.70
*13	172.91496	22.327	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	138.99	3.62
14	−628.30923	0.120				136.04
15	150.73545	18.472	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	146.17	3.62
16	2072.41802	DD[16]				146.17
17	802.92340	3.471	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	141.39
18	−1226.87707	DD[18]				140.36
*19	278.34652	2.000	1.85740	42.24	0.56561	84.25
20	49.53050	12.435				83.43
21	−64.14608	1.600	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	57.21
22	129.74193	2.095				51.15
23	391.38931	4.792	1.85581	26.69	0.61103	51.15
24	−130.13512	1.510	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	51.53
25	−1020.94831	0.120				51.66
26	103.99598	11.249	1.61800	40.25	0.57772	51.66
27	−54.90794	1.500	1.90043	37.37	0.57720	51.97
28	−155.03440	DD[28]				51.93
29	−79.75372	1.510	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	51.93
30	172.02166	2.079	1.80518	25.42	0.61616	53.41
31	437.12766	DD[31]				55.49

TABLE 25B
Example 9
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED
32(St)	∞	1.501				55.49
33	71.39200	12.932	1.58710	51.23	0.55623	55.60
34	−99.18397	0.849				56.50
35	−90.07259	1.229	1.92673	28.97	0.60175	59.52
36	−115.21321	0.151				59.31
37	116.89128	4.701	1.65804	57.70	0.54334	59.06
38	−3477.55393	0.125				59.18
39	59.89228	12.140	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	56.11
40	−68.90697	1.300	2.00069	25.46	0.61364	50.93
41	157.05155	18.277				49.38
42	−65.25901	2.560	1.51984	53.16	0.55508	49.37
43	−48.30770	0.598				47.04
44	356.25689	6.211	1.90960	20.15	0.64151	43.14
45	−55.10284	1.888	1.84384	42.71	0.56487	41.06
46	−339.60147	4.982				40.64
47	46.28311	16.434	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	40.64
48	−66.86895	1.482	1.92463	35.50	0.58188	33.90
49	26.34668	1.635				27.33
50	29.29295	9.072	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	27.33
51	−28.61407	3.565	1.74812	53.19	0.54651	26.23
52	98.63170	22.285				26.25
53	92.40038	6.308	1.69253	48.70	0.55724	26.25
54	−142.65532	37.374				28.02
55	∞	2.650	1.51633	64.14
56	∞	0.980

TABLE 26
Example 9
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.1	7.8
	f	51.230	157.277	399.597
	Bf	40.102	40.102	40.102
	FNo.	3.35	3.35	3.35
	2ω(°)	49.2	16.2	6.4
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[16]	1.507	55.813	79.262
	DD[18]	1.536	27.189	38.088
	DD[28]	84.272	6.782	21.789
	DD[31]	54.897	52.427	3.072

TABLE 27
Example 9
Sn	7	13	19
KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
A4	−1.9790294E−08	−3.4219015E−08	3.6836568E−07
A6	1.0005871E−11	−5.2248275E−12	−2.8884327E−10
A8	−1.1960525E−14	4.8142497E−15	1.2636902E−12
A10	8.7194764E−18	−3.1759469E−18	−1.6301333E−15
A12	−3.9978648E−21	1.2884412E−21	−7.5500614E−18
A14	1.1587458E−24	−3.2543866E−25	3.4863792E−20
A16	−2.0608339E−28	4.9870449E−29	−6.0583776E−23
A18	2.0513816E−32	−4.2440131E−33	5.0076896E−26
A20	−8.7423556E−37	1.5381501E−37	−1.6309040E−29

Example 10

FIG. 22 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 10. The variable magnification optical system of Example 10 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a negative refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, and a fourth lens group G4 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fourth lens group G4 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2 and the third lens group G3 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a third lens group G3.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of two lenses L1g and L1h in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of six lenses L2a to L2f in order from the object side to the image side. The third lens group G3 consists of two lenses L3a and L3b in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of an aperture stop St and thirteen lenses L4a to L4m in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 10, Tables 28A and 28B show the basic lens data, Table 29 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 30 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 23 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 28A
Example 10
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
1	−1285.31483	3.900	1.72599	54.86	0.54440	147.92	4.11
2	313.65366	18.040				141.64
3	−275.97010	3.900	1.71674	55.66	0.54379	141.32	4.07
4	315.74766	0.266				140.97
5	300.40423	8.679	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	141.19	5.51
6	1820.42445	1.401				141.09
*7	793.39232	14.778	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	140.77	3.62
8	−263.29676	0.120				141.35
9	154.82343	23.841	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	144.52	3.62
10	−875.82123	1.658				143.83
11	253.71181	3.500	1.80518	25.42	0.61616	140.69	3.37
12	137.79690	47.003				136.35
*13	158.00303	22.626	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	146.68	3.62
14	−829.82676	0.120				146.29
15	163.9556	17.1218	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	140.25	3.62
16	3967.1934	DD[16]				139.26
*17	119.0258	2.0000	2.00100	29.13	0.59952	58.20
18	45.7411	12.9117				52.41
19	−82.9613	1.6000	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	52.22
20	148.5453	2.0949				52.19
21	209.3014	5.4597	1.88311	25.04	0.61745	52.49
22	−149.6083	1.5100	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	52.47
23	184.6792	0.1390				52.04
24	78.7031	11.6627	1.64484	34.48	0.59250	52.17
25	−66.8732	1.5000	1.90043	37.37	0.57720	52.03
26	−836.9307	DD[26]				52.54
27	−99.8606	1.5100	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	54.49
28	192.2612	2.4635	1.80518	25.42	0.61616	56.34
29	474.0611	DD[29]				56.54

TABLE 28B
Example 10
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED
30(St)	∞	1.5000				57.53
31	75.6891	12.8861	1.59711	50.80	0.55667	60.53
32	−105.8650	1.1448				60.32
33	−91.7619	1.2000	1.90973	30.30	0.59791	60.05
34	−123.6900	0.1200				60.22
35	94.3730	6.3113	1.61532	61.62	0.54313	57.34
36	−1789.2338	0.2981				56.60
37	56.6857	12.3733	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	51.32
38	−77.4296	1.9819	1.97999	27.01	0.60670	49.45
39	123.8422	18.4875				46.43
40	−89.2534	2.9893	1.54029	47.94	0.56458	41.56
41	−53.8350	0.9997				41.49
42	−592.7430	4.6568	1.91135	19.74	0.64405	38.63
43	−55.1196	1.6563	1.83200	44.80	0.56072	38.22
44	−211.6326	4.5019				36.88
45	36.3298	15.5093	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	30.23
46	−75.4122	1.9144	1.93410	34.47	0.58454	24.65
47	26.8763	2.0991				23.18
48	36.8052	9.4574	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	23.85
49	−24.7718	1.1999	1.77527	50.47	0.55041	24.24
50	90.5612	19.3814				25.71
51	83.2129	6.4045	1.66527	37.39	0.58362	42.28
52	−107.8393	37.1424				42.60
53	∞	2.6500	1.51633	64.14	0.53531
54	∞	0.988

TABLE 29
Example 10
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.1	7.8
	f	51.261	157.370	399.833
	Bf	39.878	39.878	39.878
	FNo.	3.30	3.30	3.32
	2ω(°)	49.8	16.2	6.4
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[16]	2.110	84.158	119.769
	DD[26]	100.134	10.502	23.487
	DD[29]	43.519	51.103	2.507

TABLE 30
Example 10
Sn	7	13	17
KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
A4	−1.4424937E−08	−3.4710407E−08	5.0925308E−08
A6	8.6511285E−12	−6.6213150E−12	3.1434924E−10
A8	−7.2090216E−15	3.5648677E−15	−2.8030268E−12
A10	3.5595347E−18	−1.3121584E−18	1.2069904E−14
A12	−1.2289455E−21	3.1219440E−22	−2.9274324E−17
A14	2.9490477E−25	−5.2285338E−26	4.1079045E−20
A16	−4.6599178E−29	6.4473853E−30	−3.1855847E−23
A18	4.3155201E−33	−5.4624566E−34	1.1717531E−26
A20	−1.7586609E−37	2.2752502E−38	−1.2320305E−30

Example 11

FIG. 24 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 11. The variable magnification optical system in Example 11 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of four lenses L1d to L1g in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of three lenses L1h to L1j in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of six lenses L3a to L3f in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and thirteen lenses L5a to L5m in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 11, Tables 31A and 31B show the basic lens data, Table 32 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 33 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 25 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 31A
Example 11
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
1	−2058.83443	3.900	1.80493	47.51	0.55567	148.60	4.50
2	261.15350	20.223				141.07
3	−258.28392	3.900	1.72974	54.95	0.54417	140.72	4.11
4	307.11074	0.120				140.55
5	306.57986	9.760	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	140.62	5.51
6	−15563.10980	1.351				140.66
*7	589.56688	11.839	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	140.95	3.62
8	−429.82512	0.120				141.28
9	−1015.59539	11.428	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	141.47	3.62
10	−212.86658	0.120				141.62
11	178.11518	12.876	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	136.58	3.62
12	845.26883	0.120				135.85
13	372.60266	3.500	1.84666	23.78	0.62054	135.54	3.54
14	181.63962	42.962				133.40
15	271.9276	15.8409	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	144.46	3.62
16	−765.7310	0.1200				144.45
17	499.0874	9.1667	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	143.58	3.62
18	−1178.2326	0.1201				143.30
19	163.8672	13.6622	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	138.31	3.62
20	662.8697	DD[20]				137.37
*21	455.9303	3.2457	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	72.49
22	48096.9278	DD[22]				71.64
*23	1244.1367	1.8000	2.00100	29.13	0.59952	54.96
24	59.9336	10.2626				50.40
25	−73.4695	1.6000	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	50.30
26	143.6538	2.0949				50.66
27	724.5225	5.1917	1.71098	29.45	0.60519	50.75
28	−90.1793	1.5100	1.55032	75.50	0.54001	50.90
29	−4756.1962	0.4245				51.37
30	113.7660	6.9043	1.69988	30.01	0.60390	51.85
31	−135.5507	1.5000	1.70240	43.96	0.56702	51.86
32	−432.9800	DD[32]				51.89
33	−89.4335	1.5100	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	52.56
34	155.1968	2.5931	1.80518	25.42	0.61616	54.57
35	358.0595	DD[35]				54.75

TABLE 31B
Example 11
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
36(St)	∞	1.5000				55.47
37	122.4770	12.5054	1.59222	45.62	0.56738	57.44
38	−60.7844	1.0793				57.55
39	−58.1163	1.1999	1.86125	40.98	0.56863	57.03
40	−119.5327	2.5000				58.19
41	127.1840	7.2396	1.52227	75.97	0.53783	58.13
42	−172.5256	0.6901				57.90
43	50.6231	12.9515	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	53.17
44	−107.4967	2.8968	2.00069	25.46	0.61364	51.65
45	144.8824	14.7914				49.16
46	−182.9085	3.8422	1.57281	42.52	0.57447	46.19
47	−69.1159	0.2905				46.11
48	270.9285	7.1204	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	43.32
49	−53.6462	1.8391	1.79845	47.43	0.55609	42.64
50	−925.1673	4.7081				40.40
51	41.3191	15.6609	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	34.09
52	−154.2579	2.5887	1.88041	39.54	0.57177	27.91
53	25.5242	1.9214				25.56
54	29.39680	8.842	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	26.20
55	−30.12441	1.200	1.78953	46.15	0.55928	26.09
56	71.62301	23.253				26.93
57	76.34531	5.738	1.61181	41.26	0.57581	42.40
58	−188.47804	41.796				42.60
59	∞	2.650	1.51633	64.14
60	∞	0.991

TABLE 32
Example 11
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.1	8.2
	f	45.517	142.925	370.968
	Bf	44.535	44.535	44.535
	FNo.	3.31	3.31	3.32
	2ω(°)	57.0	18.0	7.0
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[20]	1.563	69.044	103.774
	DD[22]	2.464	26.030	33.146
	DD[32]	112.139	14.697	14.368
	DD[35]	37.397	43.793	2.275

TABLE 33
Example 11
Sn	7	21	23
KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
A4	−1.9129049E−08	3.7325949E−08	−4.0674003E−08
A6	−7.4602781E−13	−9.5183284E−11	5.3090567E−10
A8	1.5600772E−15	2.6163401E−13	−3.1705419E−12
A10	−1.1407900E−18	−5.4284140E−16	1.1326971E−14
A12	5.0864661E−22	7.6574840E−19	−2.5425680E−17
A14	−1.4463727E−25	−6.9712703E−22	3.5106929E−20
A16	2.5577733E−29	3.8828941E−25	−2.8307328E−23
A18	−2.5524545E−33	−1.1974725E−28	1.1734240E−26
A20	1.0916617E−37	1.5586811E−32	−1.7515774E−30

Example 12

FIG. 26 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 12. The variable magnification optical system in Example 12 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of three lenses L1g to L1i in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of six lenses L3a to L3f in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and thirteen lenses L5a to L5m in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 12, Tables 34A and 34B show the basic lens data, Table 35 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 36 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 27 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 34A
Example 12
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
1	2180.90852	3.900	1.74393	53.61	0.54591	147.03	4.17
2	214.98435	21.162				139.48
3	−272.10755	3.900	1.73229	54.77	0.54428	139.28	4.12
4	349.53428	0.120				139.19
5	316.12676	8.614	1.84666	23.83	0.61603	139.46	5.51
6	2677.43692	1.452				139.38
*7	454.27466	17.477	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	139.46	3.62
8	−234.54919	0.120				139.68
9	138.56004	20.952	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	135.71	3.62
10	−2126.25082	0.120				134.81
11	276.15823	3.500	1.81766	28.38	0.60618	131.68	3.95
12	128.21434	44.783				127.06
*13	151.99613	18.208	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	137.60	3.62
14	−7291.32432	0.120				137.29
15	343.7853	6.8204	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	135.56	3.62
16	1439.7786	0.1201				135.07
17	165.5541	12.3522	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	130.56	3.62
18	721.6286	DD[18]				129.17
19	477.6475	3.2330	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	74.21
20	−3861.9068	DD[20]				73.02
*21	2510.5174	1.8000	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	57.70
22	59.6083	11.4374				52.32
23	−75.7451	1.6000	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	51.92
24	133.3992	2.0949				51.79
25	386.8067	8.0737	1.72138	29.54	0.60467	51.89
26	−76.5498	1.5100	1.54163	73.60	0.53926	52.06
27	−932.9580	5.6455				52.01
28	118.8044	10.0239	1.58964	39.12	0.58091	51.63
29	−77.9414	1.5000	1.76950	39.14	0.57591	51.56
30	−449.0878	DD[30]				51.94
31	−75.9829	1.8100	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	52.51
32	121.2417	3.8525	1.80518	25.42	0.61616	55.09
33	261.8105	DD[33]				55.39

TABLE 34B
Example 12
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
34(St)	∞	1.5000				56.37
35	131.2135	13.1539	1.59338	48.10	0.56227	58.44
36	−57.8310	0.9415				58.61
37	−55.4837	1.2000	1.81820	43.53	0.56396	58.18
38	−109.4473	2.5000				59.48
39	60.1599	11.5036	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	59.28
40	−193.0423	0.6262				58.74
41	52.3573	13.0886	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	51.40
42	−77.0480	1.4463	2.00069	25.46	0.61364	49.42
43	111.3966	12.5518				46.56
44	−139.0009	3.7132	1.71263	29.51	0.60498	44.14
45	−61.0088	0.3702				44.15
46	153.7009	6.9885	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	40.68
47	−50.1284	1.3914	1.72653	55.17	0.54401	40.03
48	144.0527	4.2720				36.56
49	34.8003	13.9019	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	31.69
50	−132.1199	1.2000	1.89345	38.66	0.57385	26.07
51	19.9114	0.6411				23.80
52	20.7417	8.5662	1.43875	94.94	0.53433	24.19
53	−23.8276	1.2000	1.82410	45.59	0.55927	24.12
54	129.40711	20.382				25.16
55	76.27008	4.475	1.71503	29.29	0.60562	39.46
56	−459.85567	39.236				39.64
57	∞	2.650	1.51633	64.14	0.53531
58	∞	0.983

TABLE 35
Example 12
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.0	7.3
	f	50.714	150.114	371.735
	Bf	41.967	41.967	41.967
	FNo.	3.30	3.30	3.30
	2ω(°)	50.0	17.0	7.0
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[18]	1.516	49.475	80.669
	DD[20]	1.501	25.319	27.399
	DD[30]	85.653	15.916	18.093
	DD[33]	40.920	38.881	3.428

TABLE 36
Example 12
Sn	7	13	21
KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E4+00	1.0000000E+00
A4	−2.1744660E−08	−1.9625182E−08	2.0840144E−07
A6	1.1024212E−12	−1.3810261E−12	−9.3840881E−11
A8	−6.8770552E−16	4.2207417E−17	1.0281018E−12
A10	2.1567459E−19	6.0418586E−22	−6.1899286E−15
A12	−1.1932753E−23	7.0118444E−24	2.0745645E−17
A14	−1.6602296E−26	−8.5120576E−27	−4.1481301E−20
A16	5.9220472E−30	2.9741153E−30	4.8939763E−23
A18	−8.5286728E−34	−4.5136352E−34	−3.1299198E−26
A20	4.7267599E−38	2.5679162E−38	8.3416755E−30

Example 13

FIG. 28 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 13. The variable magnification optical system in Example 13 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of three lenses L1g to L1i in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of seven lenses L3a to L3g in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and fourteen lenses L5a to L5n in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 13, Tables 37A and 37B show the basic lens data, Table 38 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 39 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 29 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 37A
Example 13
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
*1	−11890.85451	4.500	1.72916	54.68	0.54451	145.19	4.18
2	164.00374	1.439				145.19
3	152.04434	9.700	1.84666	23.84	0.62012	145.00	3.50
4	290.12322	13.598				135.22
5	−397.92182	3.900	1.77250	49.62	0.55188	134.57	4.26
6	305.75340	7.230				133.54
7	819.14634	13.354	1.59282	68.62	0.54414	133.42	4.13
8	−244.62778	0.120				130.46
9	162.47532	16.657	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	133.40	3.65
10	8714.53049	0.120				133.40
11	233.31129	3.800	1.84666	23.84	0.62012	136.78	3.50
12	134.69889	41.314				136.49
13	223.13654	16.805	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	134.22	3.59
14	−761.19436	0.120				130.63
15	190.2046	13.5670	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	142.36	3.59
16	1416.8939	0.1200				142.38
17	131.1937	13.9916	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	141.26	3.65
18	356.8292	DD[18]				140.77
19	316.4461	3.4818	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	134.55
20	5633.1424	DD[20]				133.47
*21	8447.2456	1.8000	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	74.88
22	51.4998	8.4400				74.09
23	−83.7200	1.6000	1.63246	63.77	0.54215	47.93
24	355.9513	3.6053				44.83
25	−133.8395	7.2470	1.59270	35.31	0.59336	44.83
26	−40.2135	1.5000	1.59282	68.62	0.14414	46.35
27	−170.3513	0.1201				47.03
28	133.4296	10.4051	1.67300	38.26	0.57580	47.04
29	−61.5853	1.5000	1.90043	37.37	0.57668	52.15
30	−990.5637	4.5118				52.37
31	−849.5464	3.7795	1.78880	28.43	0.60092	52.37
32	−135.1239	DD[32]				53.81
33	−80.2262	1.8100	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	55.35
34	137.4842	3.2131	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	57.12
35	314.3842	DD[35]				60.38

TABLE 37B
Example 13
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
36(St)	∞	1.5001				60.38
37	368.5249	5.4430	1.80400	46.60	0.55755	60.60
38	−185.8917	0.1200				61.65
39	144.9291	13.4776	1.56883	56.04	0.54853	62.97
40	−66.5849	1.8000	1.83400	37.16	0.57759	63.43
41	−683.9448	2.5000				63.15
42	60.1964	15.5316	1.53775	74.70	0.53936	63.15
43	−115.3519	1.8100	1.54072	47.23	0.56511	63.42
44	−456.4774	0.1200				62.51
45	42.4155	12.7882	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	62.50
46	−220.4897	1.6000	1.91082	35.25	0.58224	52.63
47	44.1370	6.1916				50.44
48	566.4086	8.1145	1.80518	25.43	0.61027	44.23
49	−44.1956	1.4100	1.78800	47.35	0.55597	44.11
50	−113.9116	3.5878				43.74
51	46.7283	5.8790	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	43.74
52	−260.7841	0.0369				42.70
53	429.6595	1.2000	1.84850	43.79	0.56197	36.05
54	22.11894	13.054	1.48749	70.24	0.53007	34.39
55	−35.30710	1.200	1.81600	46.59	0.55661	30.95
56	63.63414	15.552				30.41
57	65.41679	4.106	1.67300	38.26	0.57580	30.41
58	544.15168	10.000				30.67
59	∞	2.650	1.51633	64.14
60	∞	63.402

TABLE 38
Example 13
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.0	7.7
	f	50.182	153.056	386.906
	Bf	75.150	75.150	75.150
	FNo.	3.27	3.27	3.28
	2ω(°)	50.2	16.6	6.8
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[18]	2.108	50.708	81.734
	DD[20]	1.692	26.851	29.271
	DD[32]	100.856	27.569	27.853
	DD[35]	37.598	37.127	3.396

TABLE 39
Example 13
	Sn	1	21
	KA	1.0000000E+00	1.0000000E+00
	A4	1.2770064E−08	2.5682555E−07
	A6	9.9582435E−12	−8.0409658E−09
	A8	−1.0700116E−14	1.3472939E−10
	A10	2.3712566E−18	−1.2323956E−12
	A12	5.5363788E−21	6.2406660E−15
	A14	−6.3850349E−24	−1.4228254E−17
	A16	3.3426389E−27	−1.4701431E−20
	A18	−9.6801893E−31	1.7570664E−22
	A20	1.3183479E−34	−3.8231765E−25
	A22	6.7387458E−39	−1.8534199E−29
	A24	−5.9339965E−42	1.5867543E−30
	A26	1.0222996E−45	−3.1296884E−33
	A28	−8.2190323E−50	2.6759087E−36
	A30	2.6650298E−54	−8.9548630E−40

Example 14

FIG. 30 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 14. The variable magnification optical system in Example 14 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2 and a third lens group G3. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of three lenses L1g to L1i in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of one lens L2a. The third lens group G3 consists of seven lenses L3a to L3g in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of two lenses L4a and L4b in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and fourteen lenses L5a to L5n in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 14, Tables 40A and 40B show the basic lens data, Table 41 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 42 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 31 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 40A
Example 14
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
1	1293.92423	4.500	1.77250	49.60	0.53531	149.83	4.23
2	180.82749	21.544				149.83
3	−325.54926	3.900	1.77250	49.60	0.55212	147.00	4.23
4	222.50454	0.406				135.69
5	211.34135	8.945	1.84666	23.84	0.55212	135.04	3.50
6	587.01026	6.471				133.68
7	798.81429	12.225	1.59282	68.62	0.62012	134.09	4.13
8	−295.33225	0.120				133.90
9	170.29518	13.759	1.49700	81.64	0.54414	131.25	3.65
10	3907.11715	0.120				131.25
11	272.83622	3.800	1.84666	23.84	0.53714	128.11	3.50
12	144.48756	40.053				127.34
13	329.65569	11.179	1.43875	94.66	0.62012	123.06	3.59
14	−426.38305	0.120				118.98
15	220.6109	10.3612	1.43875	94.66	0.53402	117.97	3.59
16	−3673.3651	0.1201				118.20
17	154.0397	9.5433	1.49700	81.64	0.53402	119.07	3.65
18	469.1701	DD[18]				118.86
19	167.8602	8.0951	1.49700	81.64	0.53714	116.56
20	1044.0614	DD[20]				115.90
*21	542.4660	1.8000	1.90043	37.37	0.53714	100.88
22	44.9066	10.0147				100.09
23	−66.6426	1.6000	1.63246	63.77	0.57668	50.05
24	124.4449	4.7489				41.36
25	−145.9557	5.6467	1.59270	35.31	0.54215	44.13
26	−45.5006	1.5100	1.58886	62.58		41.00
27	−160.7813	0.5151			0.59336	44.34
28	157.7734	10.6391	1.67300	38.26	0.54205	44.35
29	−42.9387	1.5000	1.90043	37.37		46.28
30	−114.5669	0.1200			0.57580	46.52
31	−1332.4921	2.5918	1.90006	34.46	0.57668	46.52
32	−188.0122	DD[32]				47.97
33	−66.5967	1.8100	1.49700	81.64	0.58551	48.19
34	144.9400	2.9224	1.80518	25.43		48.41
35	514.5830	DD[35]			0.53714	50.87

TABLE 40B
Example 14
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
36(St)	∞	1.5000			0.61027	50.87
37	378.4574	3.8238	1.84674	33.82		51.11
38	−228.4897	0.1200				51.95
39	131.4780	11.5149	1.56883	56.04	0.58885	52.98
40	−56.0385	1.8000	1.83400	37.16		53.62
41	−447.6902	2.5000			0.54853	53.44
42	60.3416	14.0529	1.53775	74.70	0.57759	53.44
43	−137.7820	1.8100	1.54072	47.23		54.51
44	−163.5126	0.1200			0.53936	52.94
45	41.0665	12.2139	1.49700	81.64	0.56511	52.94
46	−93.6604	1.6000	1.95000	32.78		45.74
47	42.9905	6.3157			0.53714	43.30
48	−281.1713	12.3228	1.80518	25.43	0.58894	38.70
49	−30.9889	1.4000	1.84199	43.80		38.74
50	−61.7263	6.0218			0.61027	38.92
51	41.7224	9.9892	1.49700	81.64	0.56255	38.92
52	−67.1105	0.6259				39.22
53	−143.0786	1.2000	1.84850	43.79	0.53714	33.09
54	20.42273	18.475	1.48749	70.24		29.88
55	−27.07814	1.200	1.86215	41.78	0.56197	27.43
56	254.88111	14.471			0.53007	27.40
57	43.03289	3.174	1.67300	38.26	0.56660	27.40
58	68.87985	40.496				28.61
59	∞	2.650	1.51633	64.14
60	∞	0.997

TABLE 41
Example 14
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.0	7.7
	f	36.234	110.514	279.364
	Bf	43.241	43.241	43.241
	FNo.	3.27	3.27	3.27
	2ω(°)	68.2	23.0	9.4
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[18]	1.014	20.114	28.105
	DD[20]	1.249	56.804	80.974
	DD[32]	81.365	7.391	12.131
	DD[35]	40.207	39.526	2.626

TABLE 42
Example 14
Sn  21
KA  1.0000000E+00
A4  7.6072258E−07
A6  −1.8123448E−09
A8  2.6415850E−11
A10 −2.2480917E−13
A12 1.1568741E−15
A14 −3.6850778E−18
A16 6.8056804E−21
A18 −4.8710434E−24
A20 −6.1399678E−27
A22 1.4097486E−29
A24 −5.3494798E−34
A26 −2.2845342E−35
A28 2.4742493E−38
A30 −8.5871607E−42

Example 15

FIG. 32 shows a configuration and movement loci of the variable magnification optical system of Example 15. The variable magnification optical system in Example 15 consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a negative refractive power, a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, a fourth lens group G4 having a positive refractive power, and a fifth lens group G5 having a positive refractive power.

During changing magnification, the first lens group G1 and the fifth lens group G5 remain stationary with respect to the image plane Sim, and the second lens group G2, the third lens group G3, and the fourth lens group G4 move along the optical axis Z by changing the spacing from the adjacent lens groups. The middle group GM consists of a second lens group G2. The negative movable lens group GN consists of a third lens group G3. The positive movable lens group consists of a fourth lens group G4.

The first lens group G1 consists of a first A subgroup G1A, a first B subgroup G1B, and a first C subgroup G1C in order from the object side to the image side. The focus group is the first B subgroup G1B. The first A subgroup G1A consists of three lenses L1a to L1c in order from the object side to the image side. The first B subgroup G1B consists of three lenses L1d to L1f in order from the object side to the image side. The first C subgroup G1C consists of three lenses L1g to L1i in order from the object side to the image side.

The second lens group G2 consists of seven lenses L2a to L2g in order from the object side to the image side. The third lens group G3 consists of two lenses L3a and L3b in order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens group G4 consists of three lenses L4a to L4c in order from the object side to the image side. The fifth lens group G5 consists of an aperture stop St and eleven lenses L5a to L5k in order from the object side to the image side.

Regarding the variable magnification optical system of Example 15, Tables 43A and 43B show the basic lens data, Table 44 shows the specifications and the variable surface spacings, Table 45 shows the aspherical coefficients, and FIG. 33 shows a diagram of aberrations in a state in which the infinite distance object is in focus.

TABLE 43A
Example 15
Sn	R	D	Nd	vd	θgF	ED	Sg
1	1342.19576	3.700	1.77250	49.60	0.53531	121.00	4.23
2	162.25976	18.754				113.58
3	−223.51842	3.500	1.85199	42.69	0.55212	113.19	4.81
4	314.18830	0.121				114.38
5	278.51041	6.972	1.84666	23.84	0.56463	114.78	3.50
6	1656.17553	5.808				114.88
7	3292.48069	10.063	1.59282	68.62	0.62012	115.70	4.13
8	−222.73955	0.120				116.15
9	209.55339	12.490	1.49700	81.64	0.54414	117.55	3.65
10	−755.75760	0.120				117.32
11	258.45005	3.000	1.84666	23.84	0.53714	114.88	3.50
12	153.12260	29.251				113.58
13	248.73941	13.918	1.49700	81.54	0.62012	118.89	3.62
14	−368.66208	0.127				118.98
15	166.82812	12.956	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	117.49	3.62
16	−4539.95216	0.120				116.98
17	129.14004	9.382	1.49700	81.54	0.53748	111.48	3.62
18	303.80387	DD[18]				110.43
*19	−415.17314	1.800	1.91082	35.25	0.53748	40.37
20	38.45720	6.571				36.75
21	−141.54498	1.600	1.84850	43.79	0.58224	36.70
22	154.99727	2.923				37.06
23	−169.96739	8.693	1.68648	36.26	0.56197	37.36
24	−26.77275	1.500	1.86730	34.66		37.95
25	−140.23411	0.120			0.58616	41.57
26	−338.43238	10.027	1.70830	30.73	0.58585	42.19
27	−31.36026	1.500	1.87639	40.36		43.28
28	−79.86113	0.120			0.60173	47.53
29	268.13587	7.530	1.57871	40.24	0.56970	50.84
30	−70.04669	DD[30]				51.33
31	−67.35994	1.810	1.49700	81.64	0.57891	53.00
32	348.20748	2.917	1.80518	25.43		55.76
33	−700.36344	DD[33]			0.53714	56.07
34	262.52220	4.954	1.75485	52.51	0.61027	62.21
35	−275.94247	0.121				62.25
36	154.69560	11.990	1.58728	47.54	0.54748	61.65
37	−70.70324	1.800	1.81980	43.96		61.22
38	−847.11379	DD[38]			0.56364	60.66

TABLE 43B
Example 15
Sn	R	D	Nd	νd	θgF	ED
39(St)	∞	1.523			0.56298	57.51
40	72.42845	9.405	1.53775	74.70		58.52
41	−255.53335	1.800	1.72559	28.72		58.17
42	−180.95542	3.472			0.53936	57.98
43	60.55588	10.847	1.49700	81.64	0.60724	51.49
44	−117.63585	1.600	1.91776	34.81		49.84
45	53.05283	48.123			0.53714	45.96
46	−5703.98718	9.649	1.80518	25.43	0.58403	49.44
47	−43.50207	1.400	1.88491	28.21		49.57
48	−86.67784	4.749			0.61027	50.22
49	44.37168	11.090	1.49700	81.64	0.60515	45.52
50	−124.40622	0.431				44.05
51	−161.45851	1.200	1.84850	43.79	0.53714	43.01
52	28.63255	17.360	1.48749	70.24		39.00
53	−49.93815	1.200	1.78912	33.45	0.56197	38.64
54	104.17511	4.769			0.53007	39.25
55	52.97077	6.197	1.67300	38.26	0.59155	42.86
56	129.19174	56.329				42.55
57	∞	2.650	1.51633	64.14
58	∞	1.012

TABLE 44
Example 15
		WIDE	MIDDLE	TELE
	Zr	1.0	3.0	7.7
	f	36.246	110.551	279.459
	Bf	59.089	59.089	59.089
	FNo.	3.27	3.27	3.28
	2ω(°)	69.0	23.0	9.4
	Ims	23.4	23.4	23.4
	DD[18]	2.734	78.918	110.797
	DD[30]	83.685	1.866	21.219
	DD[33]	39.510	43.276	1.177
	DD[38]	9.220	11.090	1.957

TABLE 45
Example 15
Sn  19
KA  1.0000000E+00
A4  2.0565523E−06
A6  −5.6853356E−09
A8  1.5134896E−10
A10 −2.3325577E−12
A12 2.0176465E−14
A14 −9.8333039E−17
A16 2.1453611E−19
A18 2.6418607E−22
A20 −2.7611169E−24
A22 5.6162683E−27
A24 1.1868486E−30
A26 −2.2634873E−32
A28 3.5254923E−35
A30 −1.8405678E−38

Tables 46 to 48 show the corresponding values of Conditional Expressions (1) to (24) of the variable magnification optical system of Examples 1 to 15. In Tables 46 to 48, the columns where there is no corresponding item each show “-”. The corresponding values of Conditional Expression (24) of Example 7 are values relating to the lens L5i.

TABLE 46
Expression
Number		Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Example 5
(1)	f1/(ft/FNt)	1.568	1.410	1.551	1.358	1.410
(2)	Ims/f1	0.128	0.142	0.129	0.148	0.142
(3)	|Ims/ffz|	0.329	0.136	0.324	0.340	0.326
(4)	1/βfzt	−0.051	0.004	−0.057	−0.018	−0.006
(5)	|Dpfz/ffz|	1.638	0.651	1.614	1.520	1.539
(6)	fMw/fN	0.446	0.468	0.435	0.405	0.453
(7)	νNdif	57.81	69.23	57.81	69.23	69.23
(8)	θM + 0.0018 × νM	0.056	0.036	0.056	0.056	0.036
	−0.64833
(9)	(RMnr + RMf)/(RMnr − RMf)	−0.453	−0.766	−0.403	−0.765	−0.737
(10)	DpM/{(ft/fw) × Ims}	0.646	0.620	0.646	0.580	0.613
(11)	EDMf/EDMr	1.529	2.239	2.462	2.244	1.133
(12)	|(HMfb/HMfa)	2.173	2.226	2.174	2.203	2.256
	/(HMrb/HMra)|
(13)	Ims/fE	0.371	0.309	0.378	0.343	0.308
(14)	θE + 0.0018 × vνE	0.056	0.056	0.056	0.056	0.056
	−0.64833
(15)	ave (Sgf/Nf)	2.25	2.28	2.25	2.33	2.28
(16)	Nfmax	1.85478	1.84666	1.85478	1.84666	1.84666
(17)	(Rpf − Rpr)/(Rpf + Rpr)	−0.173	−0.275	−0.102	−0.315	−0.300
(18)	Ims/f1C	0.145	0.157	0.145	0.158	0.158
(19)	f1/f1B	0.650	0.576	0.634	0.545	0.583
(20)	θ1Bp + 0.0018 × ν1Bp	0.134	0.056	0.056	0.056	0.056
	−0.64833
(21)	ν1Bn	24.80	23.84	24.80	23.78	23.84
(22)	ν1Ap	23.83	23.84	23.83	23.78	23.84
(23)	(REf + REr)/(REf − REr)	0.398	0.234	0.401	0.313	0.247
(24)	dN/dT	—	—	—	—	—

TABLE 47
Expression
Number		Example 6	Example 7	Example 8	Example 9	Example 10
(1)	f1/(ft/FNt)	1.314	1.315	1.503	1.524	1.444
(2)	Ims/f1	0.152	0.152	0.183	0.132	0.134
(3)	|Ims/ffz|	0.364	0.359	0.355	0.353	0.370
(4)	1/βfzt	−0.011	−0.013	−0.035	−0.041	−0.143
(5)	|Dpfz/ffz|	1.582	1.573	1.648	1.723	1.862
(6)	fMw/fN	0.494	0.425	0.463	0.448	0.321
(7)	νNdif	54.00	70.83	66.23	56.12	56.12
(8)	θM + 0.0018 × νM	0.056	0.056	0.056	0.036	0.006
	−0.64833
(9)	(RMnr + RMf)/(RMnr − RMf)	−0.281	−0.198	0.010	−0.129	−0.289
(10)	DpM/{(ft/fw) × Ims}	0.563	0.567	0.601	0.626	0.645
(11)	EDMf/EDMr	2.535	2.368	2.375	2.723	1.108
(12)	|(HMfb/HMfa)	2.052	2.068	1.904	1.805	1.605
	/(HMrb/HMra)|
(13)	Ims/fE	0.334	0.292	0.316	0.302	0.315
(14)	θE + 0.0018 × vνE	0.057	0.057	0.057	0.057	0.057
	−0.64833
(15)	ave (Sgf/Nf)	2.27	2.33	2.34	2.34	2.27
(16)	Nfmax	1.85478	1.84666	1.84666	1.81008	1.80518
(17)	(Rpf − Rpr)/(Rpf + Rpr)	−0.575	−1.256	−5.926	−4.788	—
(18)	Ims/f1C	0.185	0.162	0.184	0.146	0.144
(19)	f1/f1B	0.562	0.524	0.484	0.586	0.607
(20)	θ1Bp + 0.0018 × ν1Bp	0.056	0.056	0.056	0.057	0.057
	−0.64833
(21)	ν1Bn	24.80	23.84	23.84	26.49	25.42
(22)	ν1Ap	23.83	23.84	23.84	23.83	23.83
(23)	(REf + REr)/(REf − REr)	0.316	0.316	0.013	−0.163	−0.166
(24)	dN/dT	—	3.6 × 10−6	—	—	—

TABLE 48
Expression
Number		Example 11	Example 12	Example 13	Example 14	Example 15
(1)	f1/(ft/FNt)	1.635	1.470	1.412	2.205	1.511
(2)	Ims/f1	0.128	0.142	0.141	0.125	0.182
(3)	|Ims/ffz|	0.365	0.378	0.395	0.383	0.379
(4)	1/βfzt	−0.118	−0.062	−0.087	−0.068	−0.129
(5)	|Dpfz/ffz|	2.071	1.695	1.811	1.750	1.752
(6)	fMw/fN	0.403	0.475	0.423	0.495	0.328
(7)	νNdif	56.12	56.12	56.21	56.21	56.12
(8)	θM + 0.0018 × νM	0.036	0.036	0.036	0.036	−0.008
	−0.64833
(9)	(RMnr + RMf)/(RMnr − RMf)	−0.101	−0.119	−0.238	−0.195	−0.573
(10)	DpM/{(ft/fw) × Ims}	0.697	0.613	0.594	0.592	0.599
(11)	EDMf/EDMr	1.397	1.429	2.500	2.430	0.720
(12)	|(HMfb/HMfa)	1.648	1.987	2.120	2.233	2.099
	/(HMrb/HMra)|
(13)	Ims/fE	0.326	0.390	0.357	0.421	0.116
(14)	θE + 0.0018 × vνE	0.057	0.057	0.036	0.036	0.036
	−0.64833
(15)	ave (Sgf/Nf)	2.34	2.37	2.31	2.31	2.31
(16)	Nfmax	1.84666	1.81766	1.84666	1.84666	1.84666
(17)	(Rpf − Rpr)/(Rpf + Rpr)	−0.981	−1.282	−0.894	−0.723	—
(18)	Ims/f1C	0.138	0.152	0.160	0.153	0.199
(19)	f1/f1B	0.616	0.587	0.631	0.568	0.485
(20)	θ1Bp + 0.0018 × ν1Bp	0.057	0.057	0.056	0.056	0.036
	−0.64833
(21)	ν1Bn	23.78	28.38	23.84	23.84	23.84
(22)	ν1Ap	23.83	23.83	23.84	23.84	23.84
(23)	(REf + REr)/(REf − REr)	0.337	0.388	0.329	0.247	−0.428
(24)	dN/dT	—	—	—	—	—

As can be seen from the data described above, the variable magnification optical systems of Examples 1 to 15 each have high optical performance with various aberrations satisfactorily corrected while being configured to have a small size. Further, the variable magnification optical systems of Examples 1 to 15 each have the F number at the telephoto end smaller than 3.4 and have almost no F drop while having a zoom magnification of seven times or more and achieving an increase in magnification.

Next, an imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. FIG. 34 shows a schematic configuration diagram of an imaging apparatus 100 using the variable magnification optical system 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure as an example of the imaging apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Examples of the imaging apparatus 100 include a movie shooting camera, a broadcasting camera, a video camera, a surveillance camera, and the like.

The imaging apparatus 100 includes a variable magnification optical system 1, a filter 2 disposed on the image side of the variable magnification optical system 1, and an imaging element 3 disposed on the image side of the filter 2. It should be noted that FIG. 34 schematically shows a plurality of lenses comprising the variable magnification optical system 1.

The imaging element 3 converts an optical image formed by the variable magnification optical system 1 into an electric signal, and for example, a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) or the like can be used. The imaging element 3 is disposed such that the imaging surface thereof coincides with the image plane of the variable magnification optical system 1.

The imaging apparatus 100 also comprises a signal processing unit 5 that calculates and processes an output signal from the imaging element 3, a display unit 6 that displays an image formed by the signal processing unit 5, a changing magnification controller 7 that controls zooming of the variable magnification optical system 1, and a focusing controller 8 that controls focusing of the variable magnification optical system 1. Although FIG. 34 shows only one imaging element 3, a so-called three-plate imaging apparatus having three imaging elements may be used.

The technology of the present disclosure has been hitherto described through embodiments and examples, but the technology of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and examples, and may be modified into various forms. For example, values such as the radius of curvature, the surface spacing, the refractive index, the Abbe number, and the aspherical coefficient of each lens are not limited to the values shown in the numerical examples, and different values may be used therefor.

variable magnification optical system

Claims

1. A variable magnification optical system consisting of, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens group that has a positive refractive power; a plurality of lens groups; and a final lens group that has a positive refractive power, wherein during changing magnification, a spacing between the first lens group and the lens group closest to the object side among the plurality of lens groups changes, all spacings between adjacent lens groups in the plurality of lens groups change, and a spacing between the lens group closest to the image side among the plurality of lens groups and the final lens group changes.

2. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein assuming that a focal length of the first lens group in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is f1,a focal length of the variable magnification optical system at a telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is ft, andan open F number of the variable magnification optical system at the telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is FNt,Conditional Expression (1) is satisfied, which is represented by

3. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein assuming that a maximum image height is Ims, anda focal length of the first lens group in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is f1,Conditional Expression (2) is satisfied, which is represented by

4. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein a lens group that moves by changing a spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification is a movable lens group, and a movable lens group having a maximum absolute value of a ratio of a lateral magnification of a movable lens group at a telephoto end to a lateral magnification of the movable lens group at a wide angle end among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is a fz group, andassuming that a focal length of the fz group is ffz, anda maximum image height is Ims,Conditional Expression (3) is satisfied, which is represented by

5. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein a lens group that moves by changing a spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification is a movable lens group, and a movable lens group having a maximum absolute value of a ratio of a lateral magnification of a movable lens group at a telephoto end to a lateral magnification of the movable lens group at a wide angle end among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is a fz group, andassuming that a lateral magnification of the fz group at the telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is βfzt,Conditional Expression (4) is satisfied, which is represented by

6. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein a lens group that moves by changing a spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification is a movable lens group, and a movable lens group having a maximum absolute value of a ratio of a lateral magnification of a movable lens group at a telephoto end to a lateral magnification of the movable lens group at a wide angle end among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is a fz group, andassuming that a focal length of the fz group is ffz, anda difference in an optical axis direction between a position of the fz group at the wide angle end and a position of the fz group at the telephoto end is Dpfz,Conditional Expression (5) is satisfied, which is represented by

7. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of lens groups include, in order from a position closest to the object side to the image side, a middle group, which includes one or more lens groups and has a negative refractive power as a whole, and a negative movable lens group, which has a negative refractive power and moves during changing magnification, andthe negative movable lens group is positioned closest to the image side in the lens groups having negative refractive powers in the plurality of lens groups.

8. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 7, wherein assuming that a focal length of the middle group at a wide angle end in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is fMw, anda focal length of the negative movable lens group is fN,Conditional Expression (6) is satisfied, which is represented by

9. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 7, wherein the negative movable lens group includes one or more negative lenses and one or more positive lenses, andassuming that a maximum absolute value of a difference between an Abbe number of the negative lens included in the negative movable lens group based on a d line and an Abbe number of the positive lens included in the negative movable lens group based on the d line is μNdif, Conditional Expression (7) is satisfied, which is represented by

10. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 7, wherein the middle group includes one or more positive lenses, andassuming that an Abbe number of the positive lens, of which an Abbe number based on a d line is maximum, among the positive lenses included in the middle group based on the d line is νM and a partial dispersion ratio thereof between a g line and an F line is θM, Conditional Expression (8) is satisfied, which is represented by

11. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 7, wherein assuming that a curvature radius of an image side surface of a negative lens closest to the object side in the middle group is RMnr, anda curvature radius of an object side surface of a lens disposed adjacent to the image side of a negative lens closest to the object side in the middle group is RMf,Conditional Expression (9) is satisfied, which is represented by

12. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 7, wherein assuming that a difference in an optical axis direction between a position of a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group at a wide angle end and a position of a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group at a telephoto end in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is DpM,a focal length of the variable magnification optical system at a wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is fw,a focal length of the variable magnification optical system at a telephoto end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is ft, anda maximum image height is Ims,Conditional Expression (10) is satisfied, which is represented by

13. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 7, wherein assuming that an effective diameter of a lens surface closest to the object side in the middle group in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is EDMf, andan effective diameter of a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is EDMr,Conditional Expression (11) is satisfied, which is represented by

14. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 7, wherein assuming that a height of a principal ray from an optical axis at a maximum image height on a lens surface closest to the object side in the middle group at the wide angle end in a state in which an infinite distance object is in focus is HMfb,a height of an on-axis marginal ray from the optical axis on the lens surface closest to the object side in the middle group at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is HMfa,a height of the principal ray from the optical axis at a maximum image height on a lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is HMrb, anda height of the on-axis marginal ray from the optical axis on the lens surface closest to the image side in the middle group at the wide angle end in the state in which the infinite distance object is in focus is HMra,Conditional Expression (12) is satisfied, which is represented by

15. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of lens groups consist of the middle group and the negative movable lens group.

16. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 7, wherein the middle group consists of a front lens group having a positive refractive power and a rear lens group having a negative refractive power in order from the object side to the image side, anda spacing between the front lens group and the rear lens group changes during changing magnification.

17. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 7, wherein groups, which are included in the plurality of lens groups and move by changing a spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification, consist of, in order from the object side to the image side, the middle group, the negative movable lens group, and a positive movable lens group having a positive refractive power.

18. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein assuming that a maximum image height is Ims, anda focal length of the final lens group is fE,Conditional Expression (13) is satisfied, which is represented by

19. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein assuming that an Abbe number of the positive lens, of which an Abbe number based on a d line is maximum, among the positive lenses included in the final lens group based on the d line is νE and a partial dispersion ratio thereof between a g line and an F line is θE, Conditional Expression (14) is satisfied, which is represented by

20. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein the variable magnification optical system includes a focus group that performs focusing by moving along an optical axis, andassuming that a specific gravity of each lens in the focus group is Sgf and a refractive index thereof at a d line is Nf,an average value of Sgf/Nf of all lenses in the focus group is ave(Sgf/Nf), and a maximum value of refractive indexes of all the lenses in the focus group at the d line is Nfmax,Conditional Expressions (15) and (16) are satisfied, which are represented by

21. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein in a case where a lens group that moves by changing a spacing from an adjacent lens group during changing magnification is a movable lens group, the number of the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system is three or more, andthe movable lens group closest to the object side among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system has a positive refractive power.

22. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 21, wherein the movable lens group closest to the object side among the movable lens groups included in the variable magnification optical system consists of one positive lens having a convex surface facing toward the object side.

23. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 22, wherein assuming that a curvature radius of an object side surface of the positive lens having the convex surface facing toward the object side is Rpf, anda curvature radius of an image side surface of the positive lens having the convex surface facing toward the object side is Rpr,Conditional Expression (17) is satisfied, which is represented by

24. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein the first lens group consists of, in order from the object side to the image side, a first A subgroup having a negative refractive power, a first B subgroup having a positive refractive power, and a first C subgroup having a positive refractive power, andfocusing is performed by moving the first B subgroup along an optical axis.

25. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 24, wherein assuming that a maximum image height is Ims, anda focal length of the first C subgroup is f1C,Conditional Expression (18) is satisfied, which is represented by

26. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 24, wherein assuming that a focal length of the first lens group is f1, anda focal length of the first B subgroup is f1B,Conditional Expression (19) is satisfied, which is represented by

27. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 24, wherein the first B subgroup includes one or more positive lenses and one or more negative lenses, andassuming thatan Abbe number of the positive lens, of which an Abbe number based on a d line is maximum, among the positive lenses included in the first B subgroup based on the d line is ν1Bp, and a partial dispersion ratio thereof between a g line and an F line is θ1Bp, anda minimum value of Abbe numbers of all the negative lenses included in the first B subgroup based on the d line is ν1Bn,Conditional Expressions (20) and (21) are satisfied, which are represented by

28. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 24, wherein the first A subgroup includes two or more negative lenses of which Abbe numbers based on a d line are 50 or more, andassuming that a minimum value of Abbe numbers of all the positive lenses included in the first A subgroup based on the d line is ν1Ap, Conditional Expression (22) is satisfied, which is represented by

29. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein the first lens group remains stationary with respect to an image plane during changing magnification.

30. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein the final lens group remains stationary with respect to an image plane during changing magnification, anda stop is disposed closest to the object side in the final lens group.

31. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 30, wherein in a case where one lens component is one single lens or one group of cemented lenses,a lens component disposed adjacent to the image side of the stop has a biconvex shape.

32. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 31, wherein assuming that a curvature radius of a surface closest to the object side of the lens component disposed adjacent to the image side of the stop is REf, anda curvature radius of a surface closest to the image side of the lens component disposed adjacent to the image side of the stop is REr,Conditional Expression (23) is satisfied, which is represented by

33. The variable magnification optical system according to claim 1, wherein assuming that a temperature coefficient of a relative refractive index of a lens in the final lens group at a d line in a range of 20° C. to 40° C. is dN/dT and a unit of dN/dT is ° C.−1,the final lens group includes one or more lenses respectively having an Abbe number based on the d line of 65 or more and satisfying Conditional Expression (24), which is represented by

34. An imaging apparatus comprising the variable magnification optical system according to claim 1.