Patent Grant
8577526
The present invention relates to a vehicle having an informing unit capable of informing vehicle information that relates a driving state and a control method thereof.
Conventionally, there is well-known a vehicle including a display device disposed at a position easy to see for a driver, a driving state evaluating module that evaluates a present driving state from the view point of a economy driving, and a display control module that displays assist information for bringing the present driving state close to the economy driving state on the display device as necessary (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). In the vehicle, assist information includes at least one of a rotational speed, an accelerator opening, a vehicle speed and a shift position. Also, there is known a vehicle having a normal mode and an energy saving mode as operation modes and allowing drivers to freely select any one of the normal mode and the energy saving mode (for example, refer to Patent Document 2). With respect to the same predetermined output of an accelerator position sensor, in the vehicle, a supply of fuel to the internal combustion engine during selection of the energy saving mode is decreased in comparison with a supply of fuel during selection of the normal mode thereby improving fuel consumption during selection of the energy saving mode.
The technique of the Patent Document 1 may encourages drivers to achieve the economy driving. Accordingly, it may be possible to improve fuel consumption if the technique is applied to the vehicle of the Patent Document 2. However, there is room for improvement in an encouragement to achieve the economy driving for further improving fuel consumption in the vehicle allowing to freely select any one of the normal mode and the energy saving mode.
A Vehicle and a control method thereof according to the present invention has an object to effectively encourage drivers to achieve an economy driving so as to improve fuel consumption in a vehicle allowing drivers to select a fuel consumption priority mode.
The present invention accomplishes the demand mentioned above by the following configurations applied to a vehicle and a control method thereof.
A vehicle according to the present invention is a vehicle having an informing unit capable of informing vehicle information that relates a driving state, the vehicle including: a fuel consumption priority mode selection switch to select a fuel consumption priority mode that gives priority to fuel consumption; a driving state determination module that determines whether or not the driving state is an economy driving state based on a first determination criterion when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned off, the driving state determination module determining whether of not the driving state is the economy driving state based on a second determination criterion that has a tendency not to regard the driving state as the economy driving state in comparison with the first determination criterion when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned on; an informing control module that control the informing unit so that a driver is informed of a determination result of the driving state determination module.
The vehicle includes the driving state determination module that determines whether or not the driving state is the economy driving state. The driving state determination module performs the determination based on the first determination criterion when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned off, and performs the determination based on the second determination criterion that has a tendency not to regard the driving state as the economy driving state in comparison with the first determination criterion when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned on. Then, the informing unit informs the determination result of the driving state determination module so that the driver recognizes the determination. That is, in the vehicle, the determination criterion for the determination whether the driving state is the economy driving state becomes strict in comparison with the turn-off condition of the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch when it is turned on. Thus, the informing unit tends not to inform that the driving state is the economy driving state when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned on. Accordingly, in the vehicle, it is possible to effectively encourage the driver to achieve the economy driving so as to improve fuel consumption, especially when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned on.
The vehicle may further include a driving force related physical quantity acquisition unit that acquires a physical quantity relating a driving force demand by the driver, the first and second determination criteria may respectively regard that the driving state is the economy driving state when the acquired physical quantity is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, and the threshold in the second determination criterion may be smaller than that in the first determination criterion. Thus, the informing unit does not principally inform that the driving state is the economy driving state unless a driving force demanded by the driver is relatively small when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned on. Accordingly, it is possible to encourage the driver not to demand an increase of the driving force more than necessary so as to improve fuel consumption. The physical quantity relating the driving force demand by the driver may be select from among an operation amount of an accelerator pedal, an intake air volume or a fuel injection amount relating the accelerator pedal operation and the driving force demand in itself.
The vehicle may further include a vehicle speed related physical quantity acquisition unit that acquires a physical quantity relating a vehicle speed, the first and second determination criteria may respectively regard that the driving state is the economy driving state when the acquired physical quantity is equal to or less than a predetermined vehicle speed related threshold, and the vehicle speed related threshold in the second determination criterion may be smaller than that in the first determination criterion. Thus, the informing unit does not principally inform that the driving state is the economy driving state unless the vehicle speed related physical quantity is relatively small when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned on. Accordingly, it is possible to encourage the driver not to increase the vehicle speed more than necessary so as to improve fuel consumption. The vehicle speed related physical quantity may be select from among the vehicle speed in itself and an acceleration that is a differential value of the vehicle speed.
The vehicle may further include a motor capable of outputting power for driving, and an accumulator capable of supplying and receiving electric power from the motor. The vehicle may further include an internal combustion engine capable of outputting power for driving, and a power transmitting mechanism having an axle-side rotational element connected to a predetermined axle, and an engine-side rotational element connected to an engine shaft of the internal combustion engine and configured to differentially rotate with respect to the axle-side rotational element, the power transmitting mechanism capable of outputting at least a part of power from the engine shaft to the axle side. The power transmitting mechanism may be an electric power-mechanical power input output structure connected to the predetermined axle and the engine shaft of the internal combustion engine and outputting at least a part of power from the internal combustion engine to the axle side with input/output of electric power and mechanical power. The electric power-mechanical power input output structure may include a power generation motor capable of inputting and outputting power, and a three shaft-type power input output assembly connected with three shafts, the predetermined axle, the engine shaft of the internal combustion engine, and a rotating shaft of the power generation motor, the three shaft-type power input output assembly configured to input and output power to one remaining shaft, based on input and output of powers from and to any two shafts selected among the three shafts. The power transmitting mechanism may be a continuously variable transmission.
A control method of a vehicle according to the present invention is a control method of a vehicle including an informing unit capable of informing vehicle information that relates a driving state, and a fuel consumption priority mode selection switch to select a fuel consumption priority mode that gives priority to fuel consumption, the method including the steps of:
(a) determining whether or not the driving state is an economy driving state based on a first determination criterion when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned off, the step (a) determining whether of not the driving state is the economy driving state based on a second determination criterion that has a tendency not to regard the driving state as the economy driving state in comparison with the first determination criterion when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned on; and
(b) controlling the informing unit so that a driver is informed of a determination at the step (a).
According to the method, the determination criterion for the determination whether the driving state is the economy driving state becomes strict in comparison with the turn-off condition of the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch when it is turned on. Thus, the informing unit tends not to inform that the driving state is the economy driving state when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned on. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively encourage the driver to achieve an economy driving so as to improve fuel consumption when the fuel consumption priority mode selection switch is turned on.
The first and second determination criteria used at the step (a) may respectively regard that the driving state is the economy driving state when a physical quantity relating a driving force demand by the driver is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, and the threshold in the second determination criterion may be smaller than that in the first determination criterion.
The first and second determination criteria used at the step (a) may respectively regard that the driving state is the economy driving state when a physical quantity relating a vehicle speed is equal to or less than a predetermined vehicle speed related threshold, and the vehicle speed related threshold in the second determination criterion may be smaller than that in the first determination criterion.
Now, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment.
The engine 22 is constructed as an internal combustion engine designed to consume a hydrocarbon fuel, such as gasoline or light oil, and thereby generate power. The engine 22 is under operation controls, such as fuel injection control, ignition timing control, and intake air flow control, of an engine electronic control unit 24 (hereinafter referred to as “engine ECU”). The engine ECU 24 inputs diverse signals from various sensors mounted on the engine 22 to measure and detect the operating conditions of the engine 22. The engine ECU 24 establishes communication with the hybrid ECU 70 to control the operations of the engine 22 in response to control signals from the hybrid ECU 70 and with reference to the diverse signals from the various sensors and to output data regarding the operating conditions of the engine 22 to the hybrid ECU 70 according to the requirements.
The power distribution integration mechanism 30 includes a sun gear 31 as an external gear, a ring gear 32 as an internal gear arranged concentrically with the sun gear 31, multiple pinion gears 33 arranged to engage with the sun gear 31 and with the ring gear 32, and a carrier 34 arranged to hold the multiple pinion gears 33 in such a manner as to allow both their revolutions and their rotations on their axes. The power distribution integration mechanism 30 is thus constructed as a planetary gear mechanism including the sun gear 31, the ring gear 32, and the carrier 34 as the rotational elements of differential motions. The carrier 34 as an engine-side rotational element, the sun gear 31, and the ring gear 32 as an axle-side rotational element in the power distribution integration mechanism 30 are respectively connected to the crankshaft 26 of the engine 22, to the motor MG1, and to the reduction gear 35 via the ring gear shaft 32a. When the motor MG1 functions as a generator, the power distribution integration mechanism 30 distributes the power of the engine 22 input via the carrier 34 into the sun gear 31 and the ring gear 32 corresponding to their gear ratio. When the motor MG1 functions as a motor, on the other hand, the power distribution integration mechanism 30 integrates the power of the engine 22 input via the carrier 34 with the power of the motor MG1 input via the sun gear 31 and outputs the integrated power to the ring gear 32. The power output to the ring gear 32 is transmitted from the ring gear shaft 32a through a gear mechanism 37 and a differential gear 38 and is eventually output to drive wheels 39a and 39b of the hybrid vehicle 20.
The motors MG1 and MG2 are constructed as known synchronous motor generators to enable operations as both a generator and a motor. The motors MG1 and MG2 receive and supply electric power to a battery 50 as a secondary cell via inverters 41 and 42. Power lines 54 connecting the battery 50 with the inverters 41 and 42 are structured as common positive bus and negative bus shared by the inverters 41 and 42. Such connection enables electric power generated by one of the motors MG1 and MG2 to be consumed by the other motor MG2 or MG1. The battery 50 may thus be charged with surplus electric power generated by either of the motors MG1 and MG2, while being discharged to supplement insufficient electric power. The battery 50 is neither charged nor discharged upon the balance of the input and output of electric powers between the motors MG1 and MG2. Both the motors MG1 and MG2 are driven and controlled by a motor electronic control unit 40 (hereinafter referred to as “motor ECU”). The motor ECU 40 inputs various signals required for driving and controlling the motors MG1 and MG2, for example, signals representing rotational positions of rotors in the motors MG1 and MG2 from rotational position detection sensors 43 and 44 and signals representing phase currents to be applied to the motors MG1 and MG2 from current sensors (not shown). The motor ECU 40 outputs switching control signals to the inverters 41 and 42. The motor ECU 40 also computes rotational speeds Nm1 and Nm2 of the rotors in the motors MG1 and MG2 according to a rotational speed computation routine (not shown) based on the output signals of the rotational position detection sensors 43 and 44. The motor ECU 40 establishes communication with the hybrid ECU 70 to drive and control the motors MG1 and MG2 in response to control signals received from the hybrid ECU 70 and to output data regarding the operating conditions of the motors MG1 and MG2 to the hybrid ECU 70 according to the requirements.
The battery 50 is under control and management of a battery electronic control unit 52 (hereinafter referred to as “battery ECU”). The battery ECU 52 inputs various signals required for management and control of the battery 50, for example, an inter-terminal voltage from a voltage sensor (not shown) located between terminals of the battery 50, a charge-discharge current from a current sensor (not shown) located in the power line 54 connecting with the output terminal of the battery 50, and a battery temperature Tb from a temperature sensor 51 attached to the battery 50. The battery ECU 52 outputs data regarding the operating conditions of the battery 50 by data communication to the hybrid ECU 70 and the engine ECU 24 according to the requirements. The battery ECU 52 also executes various arithmetic operations for management and control of the battery 50. A remaining capacity or state of charge SOC of the battery 50 is calculated from an integrated value of the charge-discharge current measured by the current sensor.
The hybrid ECU 70 is constructed as a microprocessor including a CPU 72, a ROM 74 configured to store processing programs, a RAM 76 configured to temporarily store data, input and output ports (not shown), and a communication port (not shown). The hybrid ECU 70 inputs, via its input port, an ignition signal from an ignition switch (start switch) 80, a shift position SP or a current setting position of a shift lever 81 from a shift position sensor 82, an accelerator opening Acc or the driver's depression amount of an accelerator pedal 83 from an accelerator pedal position sensor 84, a brake pedal stroke BS or the driver's depression amount of a brake pedal 85 from a brake pedal stroke sensor 86, and a vehicle speed V from a vehicle speed sensor 87. An ECO switch (fuel consumption priority mode selection switch) 88 for selecting, as a control mode at a time of driving, an ECO mode (fuel consumption priority mode) that gives priority to fuel consumption over drivability is disposed in the vicinity of the driver's seat of the hybrid vehicle 20 of the present embodiment. The ECO switch 88 is also connected to the hybrid ECU 70. When the ECO switch 88 is turned on by the driver or the like, a predetermined ECO flag Feco that is set to value “0” during normal operation (when the ECO switch 88 is turned off) is set to value “1”, and the hybrid vehicle 20 is controlled according to various control procedures that are previously defined to give priority to efficiency. As described above, the hybrid ECU 70 is connected via the communication port with the engine ECU 24, the motor ECU 40, the battery ECU 52, and the like, and exchanges various control signals and data with the engine ECU 24, the motor ECU 40, the battery ECU 52, and the like.
As shown in
The hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment constructed as described above sets a torque demand, which is to be output to the ring gear shaft 32a or the driveshaft linked with an axle of the hybrid vehicle 20, based on the vehicle speed V and the accelerator opening Acc corresponding to the driver's depression amount of the accelerator pedal 83, and controls the operations of the engine 22, the motors MG1 and MG2 to ensure output of power equivalent to the set torque demand to the ring gear shaft 32a. There are several drive control modes of the engine 22, the motors MG1 and MG2. In a torque conversion drive mode, while the engine 22 is driven and controlled to ensure output of the power equivalent to the torque demand, the motors MG1 and MG2 are driven and controlled to enable all the output power of the engine 22 to be subjected to torque conversion by the power distribution integration mechanism 30, the motors MG1 and MG2 and to be output to the ring gear shaft 32a. In a charge-discharge drive mode, the engine 22 is driven and controlled to ensure output of power corresponding to the sum of a power demand and electric power required for charging the battery 50 or electric power to be discharged from the battery 50. The motors MG1 and MG2 are driven and controlled to enable all or part of the output power of the engine 22 with charge or discharge of the battery 50 to be subjected to torque conversion by the power distribution integration mechanism 30, the motors MG1 and MG2 and to ensure output of the power demand to the ring gear shaft 32a. In a motor drive mode, the motor MG2 is driven and controlled to ensure output of power equivalent to the power demand to the ring gear shaft 32a, while the engine 22 stops its operation.
Next, a control procedure of the meter display unit included in the hybrid vehicle 20 with the above configuration will be described.
At start of the meter display control routine in
Then, the CPU determines whether or not the input ECO flag Feco is value “0”, that is, whether or not the ECO switch 88 is turned off (Step S120). When the ECO switch 88 is turned off and the value of the ECO flag Feco is value “0”, the CPU executes a driving state determination based on the vehicle speed V and the accelerator opening Acc input at Step S100 and a normal driving state determination map (see a solid line in
The normal driving state determination map and the ECO mode driving state determination map respectively define an upper limit of the vehicle speed V when the driving state of the hybrid vehicle 20 is the economy driving state, and an upper limit of the accelerator opening Acc for each vehicle speed. The normal driving state determination map and the ECO mode driving state determination map are previously stored in a ROM (not shown) of the meter ECU 99. In the embodiment, the normal driving state determination map for the turn-off condition of the ECO switch 88 is prepared through experiments and analyses so as to improve fuel consumption as much as possible while ensuring driving performance such as a response to a driving force demand by the driver and an acceleration performance. The normal driving state determination map defines a range enclosed with a normal demarcation line indicated with the solid line in
After the driving state determination of Step S130 or S140, the CPU checks a result of the driving state determination (Step S150). When the current driving state is the economy driving state, the CPU set an ECO mark illumination command indicating that the ECO mark is to be illuminated (Step S160). When the current driving state is not the economy driving state, the CPU set an ECO mark extinction command indicating that the ECO mark is to be extinguished (Step S170). The CPU sends display command set at Step S110 and Step S160 or S170 to the meter ECU 99 so as to display the shift position SP, vehicle speed V, the remaining amount Fr of the fuel, and the integrated value D of the driving distance on the meter display unit 90 and illuminate or extinguish the ECU mark 95. Then, the CPU returns to Step S100 to repeat the processing of and after Step S100.
As has been described above, the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment determines whether or not the driving state is the economy driving state based on the normal driving state determination map when the ECO switch 88 is turned off (Step S130). When the ECO switch 88 is turned on, the hybrid vehicle 20 determines whether or not the driving state is the economy driving state based on the ECO mode driving state determination map having the tendency not to regard the driving state as the economy driving state in comparison with the normal driving state determination map (Step S140). Then, the determination result of Step S130 or S140 is displayed on the meter display unit 90 in the form of the illumination or the extinction of an ECO mark 95 so as to inform the driving state is the economy driving state or not as well as vehicle information such as the shift position SP, vehicle speed V, the remaining amount Fr of the fuel, and the integrated value D of the driving distance. That is, in the hybrid vehicle 20, the determination criterion for the determination whether the driving state is the economy driving state becomes strict in comparison with the turn-off condition of the ECO switch 88 when it is turned on. Thus, the meter display unit 90 tends not to display that the driving state is the economy driving state when the ECO switch 88 is turned on. Accordingly, in the hybrid vehicle 20, it is possible to effectively encourage the driver to achieve the economy driving so as to improve fuel consumption when the ECO switch 88 is turned on.
In the hybrid vehicle 20, the normal driving state determination map and the ECO mode driving state determination map are respectively prepared to regard the driving state as the economy driving state when the accelerator opening Acc that is a physical quantity relating the driving force demand by the driver is equal to or less than the upper limit (threshold) of each vehicle speed V. Further, the ECO mode driving state determination map is prepared to define the upper limit of the accelerator opening Acc for each vehicle speed V to be small in comparison with the normal driving state determination map (see
In the embodiment, the normal driving state determination map and the ECO mode driving state determination map are respectively prepared to define the relationship between the vehicle speed V, the accelerator opening Acc and the driving state for the determination whether or not the driving state is the economy driving state, however, they are not limited to this. In stead of the accelerator opening Acc, it is possible to use other parameters as physical quantities relating the driving force demand by the driver such as the torque demand or a power demand required by the driver. Further, instead of the vehicle speed V, it is possible to use an acceleration as a vehicle speed related physical quantity relating the vehicle speed.
The normal driving state determination map and the ECO mode driving state determination map may define a relationship between the physical quantity relating the driving force demand such as the accelerator opening Acc and the driving state, or a relationship between the vehicle speed related physical quantity relating the vehicle speed such as the vehicle speed V and the driving state. In stead of a visual sense, the determination result of the determination whether or not the driving state is the economy driving state may be informed of the driver through an auditory sense or five sense except the visual and auditory senses.
The present invention can be naturally applied to a conventional vehicle that does not include a motor and the like. In such a case, it is possible to use an intake air volume or a fuel injection amount relating the accelerator pedal operation as the physical quantity relating the driving force demand except for the operation amount of the accelerator pedal. Although the hybrid vehicle 20 of the above described embodiment is a vehicle that outputs the power of the motor MG2 to an axle connected to the ring gear shaft 32a, an object for application of the present invention is not limited thereto. More specifically, as in the case of a hybrid vehicle 20A as a modification example shown in
The present invention may also be applied to a vehicle that includes a continuously variable transmission (hereinafter, referred to as “CVT”) as a power transmitting mechanism that transmits the power from the engine 22 to the axle side instead of the power distribution and integration mechanism 30 in the hybrid vehicle 20 that has the ring gear 32 as the axle-side rotational element and the carrier 34 as the engine-side rotational element. A hybrid vehicle 200 that is one example of this kind of vehicle is illustrated in
The correlation between the principal elements of the embodiments and modification examples, and the principal elements of the invention described in the “Disclosure of the Invention” section will now be described. That is, in the above described embodiment and modification examples, the ECO switch 88 to select the ECO mode giving priority to fuel consumption rather than the drivability corresponds to “fuel consumption priority mode selection switch”, the meter ECU 99 executing the meter display control routine shown in
Hereinbefore, the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It will be apparent that various modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The technique of the invention is preferably applied to the manufacturing industries of vehicles.
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