VEHICLE OR STATIONARY POWER PLANT HAVING A TURBOCHARGED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AS A DRIVE SOURCE

Abstract

A vehicle or stationary power plant having an internal combustion engine as a drive source and having components adapted to be supplied with heat from a medium accommodated in a closed loop. The turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger provided for turbocharging the internal combustion engine acts as a heat source. A heat exchanger is disposed externally on the turbine housing and can be incorporated or switchable into the medium loop. The medium can be conveyed directly or channeled through the interior of the heat exchanger, and the medium is adapted to be heated up in such interior utilizing at least thermal radiation energy from the hot turbine housing

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the following, the present invention is explained in greater detail on the basis of multiple exemplary embodiments and applications illustrated in the drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an exhaust gas turbocharger having an embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention,

FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through another exhaust gas turbocharger having a further exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention,

FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-section through the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger from FIG. 2 in the area of the heat exchanger according to the present invention,

FIGS. 4 & 5 each show a schematic side view of an exhaust gas turbocharger having a further embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention,

FIGS. 6-10 each show an example of an application of the medium loop, in which the heat exchanger according to the present invention is incorporated or switchable.

Claims

1. A vehicle or stationary power plant having an internal combustion engine (1) as a drive source and having components that are adapted to be supplied with heat from a medium accommodated in a closed medium loop (3, 3′), comprising: an exhaust gas turbocharger (2) for turbocharging said internal combustion engine (1), wherein said exhaust gas turbocharger (2) includes a turbine (4) that is adapted to act as a heat source, and wherein said turbine (4) has a turbine housing (10); anda heat exchanger (12) disposed externally on said turbine housing (10), wherein said heat exchanger (12) is adapted to be incorporated or switchable in said medium loop (3, 3′), wherein said medium is adapted to be conveyed directly or in a channeled manner through an interior (13) of said heat exchanger (12), and wherein in said interior (13) of said heat exchanger (12) said medium is adapted to be heated up utilizing at least thermal radiation energy from said turbine housing (10).

2. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 1, wherein said medium is adapted to be conveyed in a channeled or piped manner through said interior (13) of said heat exchanger (12), wherein exhaust gas is adapted to be supplied into or conveyed through said interior (13) of said heat exchanger (12), and wherein the heat content of said exhaust gas is adapted to be used to heat up said medium.

3. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 1, wherein said heat exchanger (12) has a housing (14) that is disposed externally on said turbine housing (10) of said exhaust gas turbocharger (2), and wherein a contact surface (17) of said heat exchanger housing (14) has a shape that is tailored to and conforms to an external region of said turbine housing (10) to optimize heat transmission.

4. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchanger (12) is an integral component of said turbine (4) of said exhaust gas turbocharger (2), and wherein said heat exchanger (12) is provided with a housing (14) formed by an external wall (15) of said turbine housing (10) and by a further external wall (16) that is cast on or attached to said external wall (15) of said turbine housing (10).

5. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 1, wherein said heat exchanger (12) has a housing (14), wherein a supply line (22) for said medium that is to be heated is connected to said housing (14) at a first connection (20), and wherein a discharge line (23) for heated-up medium is connected to said housing (14) at a second connection (21) that is spaced from said first connection (20).

6. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 5, wherein said medium that is to be heated is adapted to be conveyed via said supply line (22) and said first connection (20) directly into said interior (13) of said housing (14) of said heat exchanger (12) for contact with a hot external wall (15) of said turbine housing (10) or an external wall area (17) of said heat exchanger housing (14) heated by said external turbine housing wall (15) for heating said medium, wherein said medium is adapted to be conveyed back out of said interior (13) of said heat exchanger housing (14) via said second connection (21), and wherein said medium is adapted to be supplied via said discharge line (23) into said medium loop (3, 3′) for further use.

7. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 5 wherein a heat exchanger pipe (24) extends between said first connection (20) and said second connection (21) of said heat exchanger housing (14) through said interior (13) of said heat exchanger (12), and wherein said medium is adapted to be conveyed through said interior of said heat exchanger (12) in a channeled or piped manner via said heat exchanger pipe (24).

8. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 7, wherein said heat exchanger pipe (24) is provided externally with heat-transmitting ribs (25).

9. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 7, wherein said heat exchanger pipe (24) extends linearly or in a meandering fashion between said first connection (20) and said second connection (21).

10. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 5, wherein a heat exchanger pipe bundle extends between said first connection (20) and said second connection (21) of said heat exchanger housing (14), and wherein said heat exchanger pipe bundle is disposed between two terminal collection chambers.

11. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 7, wherein said heat exchanger pipe (24) or a heat exchanger pipe bundle is a component of a heat exchanger cartridge that also contains said first connection (20) and said second connection (21) and is adapted to be installed prefabricated into said heat exchanger housing (14) so as to extend between said supply line (22) and said discharge line (23).

12. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 7, wherein said heat exchanger pipe (24) or heat exchanger pipes are adapted to be additionally heatable by exhaust gas that is adapted to be diverted from an exhaust gas system prior to or at an intake of said exhaust gas turbine (4) and to be supplied in a channeled manner into 1s said interior (13) of said heat exchanger (12) and, after a certain heats dissipating dwell time, is adapted to be conveyed out of said interior (13), at a location remote from the point of introduction (28) into the exhaust gas system at or after an outlet of said exhaust gas turbine (4).

13. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 1; wherein said heat exchanger (12) is in the form of a heat exchanger pipe (18) that is attached, in a bent or meandering fashion, externally to said turbine housing (10) of said exhaust gas turbocharger (2) so as to be tailored and conforming to the shape of an external area of said turbine housing (10) to optimize heat transmission.

14. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to c aim 13, wherein an intake of said heat exchanger pipe (18) is connected to a first connection (32) to which is attached a supply line (22) for said medium to be heated, and wherein an outlet of said heat exchanger pipe (18) is connected to a second connection (33) to which is attached a discharge line (23) for heated-up medium.

15. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 1, wherein a pump (34) is provided for circulating said medium in said medium loop (3, 3′), wherein switchable changeover valves (35, 36, 38) are provided, wherein said heat exchanger (12) is switchable into and out of said medium loop (3, 3′) via a supply line (22) and a discharge line (23) by means of said changeover valves, wherein a first (35) and a second (36) one of said changeover valves are interconnected by a line section (37), and wherein said line section is adapted to bypass s said heat exchanger (12), in said medium loop (3, 3′), if said heat exchanger is not switched into said medium loop.

16. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 15, wherein said medium is a liquid coolant of said internal combustion engine (1), and wherein said medium loop (3) is a cooling loop of said internal combustion engine into which said heat exchanger (12) is switchable via said supply line (22) and said discharge line (23) as a return line, as needed, via said switchable changeover valves (35, 36), in particular for rapid heating of said coolant after a cold start of said internal combustion engine as a function of a temperature-controlled regulator/controller.

17. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 16, wherein a third (38) one of said changeover valves is connected to said second (36) one of said changeover valves via a line section (39) and is connected to said discharge line (23) of said heat exchanger (12), wherein a heating circuit (40) is provided that operates via a container or other heat consumer (42), is connected to said second (36) and said third (38) ones of said changeover valves and is switchable: if needed, via an appropriately switched-over one of said changeover valves (35, 36, 38), into said medium loop (3) in series with said heat exchanger (12), and wherein switching of said heating circuit (40) is temperature-controlled via a controller/regulator that is adapted to have a corresponding influence on the switching position of said three changeover valves (35, 36, 38).

18. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 15, wherein said heat exchanger (12) is switchable and/or incorporated into an autonomous medium loop (3′) that is independent of said internal combustion engine (1) and a coolant loop thereof, wherein a pump (48) is provided for circulating said medium in said autonomous medium loop (3′), and wherein said first and second changeover valves (49, 50), which are connected by said line section (51), are adapted, in a controllable manner, to switch said heat exchanger (12) into said medium loop (3′) or to bypass said heat exchanger via said line section (51), which then acts as a bypass.

19. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 17, wherein a liquid enclosed or stored in said heat consumer (42, 47) is adapted to be warmed and/or heated, or prevented from freezing, or thawed after freezing after a cold start of said internal combustion engine, via said medium loop (3, 3′) and said heating circuit (40) switched therein, as a function of a temperature-controlled regulator/controller.

20. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 19, wherein said heat consumer (42, 47) is a container, in particular for a vehicle, and is selected from the group consisting of a storage container for a urea-water solution, a storage container for at least one of a windshield, headlight, and outside mirror cleaning liquid, a radiator that conducts coolant water, an equalization container that accommodates coolant water, an electrical storage battery, a heating element, a hot-water container; and a washing water storage container.

21. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 15, wherein a heat consumer (47) in the form of a heat exchanger is provided, wherein a secondary medium loop (57) that extends through an interior (54) of said heat consumer (47) is provided, wherein a further heat consumer (60) is disposed in said secondary medium loop (57), wherein a pump (58) is provided that is adapted to circulate a secondary medium in said secondary medium loop (57), wherein said secondary medium is adapted to be conveyed through a heat exchanger pipe or pipe bundle (59) disposed in said interior (54) of said heat consumer (47) for receiving heat from said first medium loop (3, 3′), wherein heat thus absorbed is adapted to be transferred to said secondary medium for heating thereof, and wherein said heated secondary medium is adapted to be supplied to said further heat consumer (60).

22. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 15, wherein said medium is a low-boiling liquid that is accommodated in said closed medium loop (3′) and is convertible into its vaporous state as it goes through said heat exchanger.

23. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 22, wherein said medium, which is convertible into its vaporous state in said heat exchanger (12), is adapted to be supplied to a steam turbine (61), which is integrated into said medium loop (3′) and functions as a heat consumer (47), and to there be effective to deliver power, and wherein said steam turbine (61) is adapted to be connected or to be coupled and decoupled via at least one switchable clutch to a crankshaft of said internal combustion engine (1) and/or to secondary assemblies (62, 63) via at least one drivetrain (64) and to thus convert vapor energy into mechanical drive energy.

24. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 15, wherein an overpressure valve (65) is disposed in said medium loop (3, 3′) between said heat exchanger (12) and ones of said changeover valves (35, 36, 38, 49, 50), and wherein if said heat exchanger (12) is not switched into said medium loop (3, 3′), heating medium still located in said medium loop and/or in said supply line (22) and said discharge line (23) is adapted to expand in an expansion and cooling chamber (66) that is disposed downstream of said overpressure valve (65).

25. A vehicle or stationary power plant according to claim 15, wherein an electronic, computer-supported regulating and control un t is provided that is adapted to control operation and speeds of pumps (34, 48, 58) and switching/changeover of said changeover valves (35, 36, 38, 49, 50), for activation and deactivation of said heat exchanger (12) as a heat source via a program and predefined input set point values, on the basis of actual values applied thereto, such as temperature values detected at a heat consumer and flow and pressure values detected in said medium loop (3, 3′, 57).