This application is directed toward power machines. More particularly, this application is directed toward drive systems for enabling power machines to move over a support surface. Power machines, for the purposes of this disclosure, include any type of machine that generates power for the purpose of accomplishing a particular task or a variety of tasks. One type of power machine is a work vehicle. Work vehicles are generally self-propelled vehicles that have a work device, such as a lift arm (although some work vehicles can have other work devices) that can be manipulated to perform a work function. Work vehicles include loaders, excavators, utility vehicles, tractors, and trenchers, to name a few examples.
Various power machines utilize hydraulic or hydrostatic drive systems that are powered by an engine. Such drive systems include one or more hydraulic pumps that selectively provide pressurized hydraulic fluid to one or more hydraulic travel motors to cause the power machine to move over a support surface. When pressurized hydraulic fluid is not being provided by the pumps to the drive motors in many of these power machines, the power machine is not capable of moving over a support surface. In some instances, such as when the power machine is being started, it may be advantageous to know whether hydraulic fluid is being provided to the drive motors. Some of these power machines also include brake mechanisms to reduce the speed of, or stop entirely, rotation of wheels that are coupled to drive motors even when at least some hydraulic fluid is being applied to the drive motors.
The discussion above is merely provided for general background information and is not intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
Disclosed are power machines, and drive and brake systems for use thereon, as well as methods of controlling the drive and brake systems, including during start-up of the power machine.
In one embodiment, a method of controlling braking of a power machine is disclosed. The power machine has an engine and a drive motor that is operably coupled to the engine and is configured to provide an output to effect travel of the power machine over a surface in response to a drive signal. The method includes providing a braking signal to energize a brake that is operably coupled to a tractive element on the power machine. The method further includes determining, whether a pump of the power machine is providing the drive signal to the drive motor while the braking signal is being applied. A command signal is provided to shut down the engine if it is determined that the pump of the power machine is providing the drive signal to drive the motor when the braking signal is being provided.
In another embodiment, a method of starting a power machine is disclosed. The method includes receiving an indication of a start-up operation of an engine of the power machine, determining whether a brake of the power machine is applied, and controlling an engine command signal to prevent the engine from starting if it is determined that the brake is not applied. The method also includes beginning an engine crank phase and controlling the engine command signal to start the engine if it is determined that the brake is applied. The method also includes determining during the engine crank phase whether a pump of the power machine is providing a drive signal to a drive motor of the power machine, continuing the engine crank phase until the engine is started if it is determined that the pump of the power machine is not providing the drive signal to the drive motor, and controlling the engine command signal to shut down the engine and prevent movement of the power machine if it is determined that the pump of the power machine is providing the drive signal to the drive the motor.
In another embodiment, a power machine is disclosed. The power machine includes an engine, a drive pump operably coupled to and driven by the engine to selectively output a drive signal, a drive motor operably coupled to the drive pump to receive the drive signal and to responsively provide a motor output to effect travel of the power machine over a surface, and a brake system comprising at least one brake configured to be selectively engaged to reduce or stop movement of the power machine. In addition, a controller is operably coupled to the brake system, to the drive pump and to the engine. The controller is configured to receive an indication of a braking condition and an indication of whether the drive pump is outputting the drive signal. The controller is configured to determine, in response to receipt of the indication of the braking condition, whether the drive pump is outputting the drive signal to the drive motor and to responsively provide a command signal to shut down the engine if the drive pump is providing the drive signal to the drive motor upon receipt of the braking condition.
This Summary and the Abstract are provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
Before any embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the concepts disclosed herein are not limited in their application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following drawings. The concepts illustrated in these embodiments are capable of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. The phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. Words such as “including,” “comprising,” and “having” and variations thereof herein are meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. Unless specified or limited otherwise, the terms “mounted,” “connected,” “supported,” and “coupled” and variations thereof are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect mountings, connections, supports, and couplings.
A power machine 100 in the form of one type of work vehicle known as a telehandler is shown in
An engine, represented generally at reference number 130, is mounted to the frame 114 and provides a power source for moving the wheels 118 and also for other systems. The engine, is typically positioned in an enclosed compartment within the frame 114 of the machine and is generally not visible from the outside of a power machine, although is generally accessible via an access door or panel. The engine 130 of the power machine 100 shown in
The power machine 100 also includes a lift arm 134, which in this embodiment is a telescopic boom pivotally mounted to the frame 114, although in other embodiments various different types of lift arms, or in some cases, a power machine may not have a lift arm. An implement carrier 140 capable of carrying an implement 138 is pivotally coupled to a distal end of the lift arm 134. The implement 138 in
One or more actuators 142 are pivotally coupled between the frame 114 and the lift arm 134 for raising and lowering the lift arm 134 in response to manipulation of operator controls 126 by an operator to control the position of the lift arm. In some embodiments, hydraulic cylinders are used as lift arm actuators, although other types of actuators can be employed. One or more other actuators can also be included for performing various operator controlled functions such as rotating or tilting an implement with respect to the lift arm 134. Such actuators are generally pivotally attached to each of the lift arm and the implement carrier or, in the case of various embodiments that do not have an implement carrier, to the implement itself.
Another example of an operator controlled function performed by an actuator is boom extension. Other user controlled functions can be performed as well, such as control of various functions on some implements. Power machine 100 also illustratively includes an operator controlled hydraulic drive system and an operator controlled brake system such as the ones illustrated in the example embodiments shown in
A rotational output member 222 of drive motor 220 is provided as an input to other downstream components of drive system 200. In the embodiment shown in
Drive system 200 is an electrically controlled drive system having a controller 250, responsive to one or more user input devices 260, and configured to control one or more of engine speed and operation, drive pump displacement and direction, drive motor operation, and gearbox operation by generating command signals 251-254. While controller 250 need not control all of the engine speed and operation, drive pump displacement and direction, drive motor operation, and gearbox operation, in the embodiment shown in
Brake system 205 as shown in
Controller 250 is configured to generate a brake command signal 282 to control brakes 270 based on the position of the brake input 275. That is, the brake command signal 282 is a variable signal and the level of that signal is a function of the position (i.e. the amount of actuation) of the brake input 275. Electronic control of brakes 270 in this manner utilizes electronically controlled actuators 271 to engage the brakes based on the command signal 282. In other embodiments, such as shown in
Referring to the embodiments illustrated in
One issue for power machines such as power machine 100 is that due to the high power levels generated by drive pumps, allowing the drive pump to supply hydraulic power output during a braking event necessitates designing a brake that can withstand extremely high forces. It is thus desirable, at least in some circumstances, to ensure that the actuator 215 is in a position to prevent flow of hydraulic fluid at output 211 during a braking operation. In addition, during starting conditions, it is also advantageous to prevent flow of hydraulic fluid at output 211 or at least to be able to detect when flow is provided at output 211 before the power machine would start moving during a start-up condition. It is further desirable to make such a detection with the brakes 270 applied and to make that determination quickly enough to prevent enough pressure buildup at output 211 that would overcome the holding force of brakes 270.
In exemplary embodiments, controller 250 is configured to allow brakes 270 to be used while controlling power machine 100 at start-up or during other operational conditions to prevent inadvertent movement of the power machine 100. Controller 250 is configured to determine when brake input 275 has been actuated to apply brakes 270, using sensor output 281 or by other techniques. Upon determination that brakes 270 are being applied by the operator, controller 250 determines whether drive pump 210 is providing, at output 211, hydraulic fluid to drive motor 220. Controller 250 is configured such that when the brakes 270 are to be applied, controller 250 provides command signal 252 to the actuator 215 to move and hold the drive pump 210 in a neutral position. If, despite command signal 252 directing the actuator 215 to move drive pump 210 into a neutral position, the drive pump output 211 continues to provide pressurized hydraulic fluid to the drive motor 220, controller 250 takes corrective action to prevent the braking force provided by brakes 270 from being overcome by the forces applied by the hydrostatic transmission. In exemplary embodiments, if it is determined that pump 210 is providing hydraulic fluid to motor 220 while brakes 270 are engaged, controller 250 provides a command signal 251 to shut down engine 130. In some embodiments, controller 250 shuts down engine 130 in this scenario only when sensor 280 indicates that the brakes 270 are applied with maximum stroke. However, in other embodiments, controller 250 is configured to shut down engine 130 any time sensor 280 indicates that the brakes are applied, even at less than maximum stroke. As will be described below in greater detail, in some embodiments engine 130 is shutdown in this manner only during an engine cranking start-up phase. In other embodiments, engine 130 is shutdown in this manner during any phase of operation.
Once the brake 270 is commanded to actuated, at block 404, the controller 250 determines whether the drive pump 210 is providing a drive signal 211 to the drive motor 220. If it is determined that the drive pump 210 is not providing a drive signal 211 to the drive motor 220, at block 406 the brake 270 are commanded to an actuated position until such a time as the controller 250 would determine that it is no longer appropriate to actuate the brakes. Under this condition, the power machine 100 continues operating as intended. However, if at block 404 the controller 250 determines that the drive pump 210 is still providing a drive signal 211 to the drive motor 220, method 400 moves to block 408, where the controller 250 provides a command signal 251 to engine 130 to shut down the engine.
Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the concepts disclosed herein are not limited to the specific embodiments described. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms. For example, in various embodiments, different types of power machines can include the disclosed cooperative drive and brake systems. Other examples of modifications of the disclosed concepts are also possible, without departing from the scope of the disclosed concepts.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/911,123, filed Dec. 3, 2013.
Number | Date | Country | |
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61911123 | Dec 2013 | US |