The present invention relates to imaging systems or vision systems for vehicles.
Use of imaging sensors in vehicle imaging systems is common and known. Examples of such known systems are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,324,552; 8,314,689; 8,222,588; 8,203,440; 7,994,462; 7,655,894; 7,339,149; 7,344,261; 7,459,664; 7,423,248; 6,097,023; 5,949,331; 5,670,935 and/or 5,550,677, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
The present invention provides a vision system or imaging system for a vehicle that utilizes one or more cameras to capture images exterior of the vehicle, and provides the communication/data signals, including camera data or image data, which may be displayed or processed to provide the desired display images and/or processing and control, depending on the particular application of the camera and vision or imaging system. The present invention provides a stray light shield for a forward facing imaging (FFI) machine vision camera module. The stray light shield of the present invention adapts or customizes a standard or common camera module for a particular vehicle windshield application (for example, to compensate for the particular windshield angle used in the equipped vehicle so that the stray light shield construction generally compensates for the windshield rake angle so that, with the camera module attached at the vehicle windshield, the principal line of vision of the camera that is located in the camera module is set appropriately for the desired FFI application, for example, generally horizontal with the road being traveled). The stray light shield preferably provides a tapered or wedge-shaped pocket or recess that is disposed in front of the lens/image sensor (such as a CMOS photosensor array or the like) and that shields the lens/image sensor from extraneous light emanating from within the cabin of the vehicle at which the camera module is disposed when the camera module is mounted either directly to the windshield or to a bracket that itself is attached at the windshield. The stray light shield may be an integral part of the bracket that is attached to the windshield (and to which bracket the camera module is attached, preferably detachably attached) or the light shield may be formed as a separate component or element and may be attached or secured at the camera module (or at the bracket) before the camera module is attached at the bracket at the windshield.
The stray light shield may include a light baffling or light trapping structure or configuration or system that limits or reduces extraneous light that passes through a window or windshield of the equipped vehicle from exterior the vehicle from being directly or indirectly imaged by the forward facing camera that is at or near the windshield and that views through the windshield. The light baffling/light trapping structure thus helps assure that light originating external of the vehicle that is incident at the image sensor of the forward facing camera emanates from (or is reflected by) objects of interest in the forward field of view of the imager (for example, other vehicles, pedestrians, road signs, oncoming headlights, leading taillights, road markers, construction zone lanes and/or the like), and the light baffling/light trapping structure or system does so in a manner that reduces extraneous light (such as sunlight glare, overhead streetlights, extraneous shop or billboard lighting or the like) from glaring at or otherwise confusing image data gathered by the forward facing camera and its associated image processing system.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a vehicle vision system or driver assistance system includes a camera module comprising an imager or camera or image sensor with a field of view through a window of the vehicle, such as a forward field of view through a windshield of the equipped vehicle when the camera module is disposed at the in-cabin surface of that window or windshield. A bracket has an attachment portion that is configured to attach at an in-cabin surface of the vehicle windshield (such as by direct adhesive attachment or by attachment to one or more attachment elements that themselves are adhered at the in-cabin surface of the vehicle windshield). A light shield comprises a base portion and side walls (preferably tapering side walls) that extend upward from the base portion so as to preferably provide a tapered pocket or cavity or recess, and wherein an aperture is provided at a narrower end of the tapered pocket. The camera module comprises the imager assembly or camera having an image sensor array and a lens, and the camera module is configured to attach at the bracket (preferably to detachably attach). When the camera module is attached at the bracket, with the light shield disposed at the camera module, the lens is disposed at the aperture (such as to protrude at least partially through the aperture and into the pocket, or such as to view into the pocket via the aperture) and views via the pocket through the windshield of the equipped vehicle. The light shield may be an integral part of the bracket (for example, the light shield may be integrally molded with the bracket via an injection molding operation or the like) or may be a separate structure that is attached at the camera module (or that is attached at the bracket) before the camera module is attached at the bracket at the vehicle windshield. The separate light shield (that is a separate and distinct component from the camera module) provides an adapting or customizing feature that, when disposed at the camera module at the vehicle windshield, adapts or configures the camera module for the particular vehicle and/or windshield application.
The light shield may include a light baffling device or structure or light trap disposed in front of the camera or imager and between a lens of the camera and the window of the vehicle. The light baffling device comprises a plurality of baffle elements arranged in a spaced apart manner, with each baffle element comprising a generally vertically oriented element (or fin or rib or column or the like) having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The first surface of a given baffle element is closer to the window than the second surface of the given baffle element. The first surface may be configured to be at an angle of less than about five degrees relative to vertical and the second surface may be configured to be at an angle of less than about ten degrees relative to vertical when the camera and the light baffling device are normally mounted in the vehicle. The baffle elements are arranged to limit or reduce extraneous light that passes through the window or windshield of the equipped vehicle (that can directly impinge or be incident on or at the camera or that may reflect or scatter in front of the camera) from reaching and being imaged by the camera.
Optionally, the first and second surfaces of the baffle element may be at different angles so that the baffle element narrows towards its upper end. The upper end of the baffle element may narrow to a point or may be substantially pointed. The vehicle window may comprise a vehicle windshield, such as a windshield that is angled relative to horizontal, such as an angle of at least about 15 degrees relative to horizontal or at least about 25 degrees relative to horizontal or at least about 30 degrees relative to horizontal or more, such as at least about 45 degrees relative to horizontal.
Therefore, the present invention provides for adaptation or customization of a camera module (such as a common or universal camera module) for various vehicle and/or windshield applications. The stray light shield of the present invention is a separate component from the camera module and is attached at or disposed at the camera module at least when the camera module is attached or disposed at the vehicle windshield to adapt the camera module for the particular vehicle/windshield application. In accordance with the present invention, a camera module manufacturer can manufacture a standard camera module that lacks a stray light shield, and the needed light shield can be customized for a particular vehicle brand and/or model. Since the stray light shield can be manufactured at considerably lower cost and with greater flexibility than that of a camera module, this aspect of the present invention improves manufacturing economy and flexibility.
The present invention also provides enhanced imaging of light, such as light that passes through a windshield of a vehicle to a forward facing camera disposed at or near the windshield of the vehicle, by limiting or reducing imaging of reflected or scattered light. The light baffling elements are spaced apart in front the imaging device to reflect the scattered light and reduce the amount of reflected or scattered light that is received by and imaged by the imaging device or camera. The construction and arrangement of the light baffling elements is selected to limit or reduce imaging of the reflected or scattered light, and may be optimized via computer algorithms and design systems.
These and other objects, advantages, purposes and features of the present invention will become apparent upon review of the following specification in conjunction with the drawings.
The drawings illustrate, by way of example only, embodiments of the present disclosure.
A vehicular camera system can be installed on the inside of the front windshield of a vehicle, such as a car, truck, bus, or van. Such a camera system may be used for a variety of functions such as object detection, lane keeping, and high beam control.
Since the camera system 10 uses a portion of the limited amount of space on the windshield 102, which is needed for a clear view of the road and/or placement of other components of the vehicle, the camera housing 12 can be made as small as practical. A height H (see
As shown in
As seen in
In the above-mentioned example where the height H of the camera housing 12 is about 28 mm (about 1.1 inches), the breadth B of the housing 12 can be about 58 mm (about 2.3 inches) and the length can be about 85 mm (about 3.3 inches). A forward height H2 of the housing can be about 10 mm (about 0.4 inches). In addition to the 15 percent reduction in height, these dimensions afford as much as a 35 percent reduction in breadth and a 15 percent reduction in length with respect to the comparable camera system.
An imager assembly 24 extends through the opening 18 of the main PCB 16. The imager assembly 24 includes an imager 26, such as an integrated circuit (IC) imager, which receives light directed by a lens 28 positioned in front of the imager 26 to capture a scene in front of the vehicle. The imager 26 can include a charge-coupled device (CCD), a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) active-pixel sensor (APS), or similar device. The imager 26 is connected to an imager circuit board 30 (such as a PCB), and a lens holder 32 mechanically fixes the lens 28 to the imager PCB 30. The imager PCB 30 and the lens holder 32 extend along the height H of the housing 12 partially through the opening 18 of the main PCB 16, which can allow for the above-mentioned reduction in the height H of the housing 12. The imager PCB 30 extending along the height H need not be parallel to the height H, and the imager PCB 30 can be tilted at an angle, as depicted, resulting in the other components of the imager assembly 24 being tilted as well. The magnitude of such angle can be selected to allow for the height H of the housing 12 to meet an operational constraint. For example, when a taller housing 12 is acceptable, then the angle can be 90 degrees, meaning that the imager PCB 30 extends parallel to the height H or perpendicular to the main PCB 16. When a shorter housing 12 is needed, the magnitude of the angle can be reduced, thereby tilting the imager PCB 30 with respect to the main PCB 16 so that the imager PCB 30 is not perpendicular to the main PCB 16 (as depicted). The location in the vehicle of the camera system 10 can be taken into account when determining the angle of the imager PCB 30. Geometric factors such as windshield slope and shape of the housing 12 as well as the desired field of view of the camera system 10 can be taken into account. In this example, the angle is about 75 degrees. In other examples, the angle can be smaller, such as about 60 degrees, or larger.
The imager PCB 30 also includes a flexible portion 34 that terminates at a small rigid PCB terminator 36. The flexible portion 34 can include any of a flexible connector (also known as a flex connector), a flexible PCB, a ribbon cable, wires, or the like. The flexible portion 34 includes conductors that electrically connect the components of the imager PCB 30 to the terminator 36. The terminator 36 has an electrical connector 38 that attaches to a mating electrical connector 40 on the underside 64 of the main PCB 16. The flexible connector or ribbon cable provides image signals/data (such as LVDS signals or the like) to the circuitry of the main PCB. Thus, the imager 26 and the main PCB 16 are operatively connected to allow image signals/data captured by the imager 26 to be received at the processor 20. The underside 64 is located opposite a top side 66 of the main PCB 16 on which the lens 28 is positioned. The electrical connector 38 can be removably attachable to the electrical connector 40.
Protective components can be installed within the housing 12 and can include a lens gasket 42, an imager resilient member 44, a heat sink 46, and a connector resilient member 48. The lens gasket 42 serves to reduce or eliminate infiltration of dust, particulate or moisture into the imager assembly 24 between the lens 28 and the lens holder 32. The heat sink 46 is positioned on the processor 20 to collect and dissipate heat generated by the processor 20. Each of the resilient members 44, 48 can include a foam cushion, or the like. The imager resilient member 44 is of rectangular shape with a central rectangular opening sized to accommodate the imager 26. The imager resilient member 44 surrounds the imager 26 and is sandwiched between the imager PCB 30 and the lens holder 32, and serves to reduce or eliminate infiltration of dust, particulate, or moisture past the imager PCB 30 and the lens holder 32 to protect the imager 26.
As shown in
First, as shown in
Next, as shown in
Next, the main PCB 16 is brought into alignment with the housing upper cover 12a and is fitted so that a portion of the imager assembly 24 extends through the opening 18 of the main PCB 16, as seen best in
In other examples, the method steps described above can be performed in an order different from that described.
The stray light shield of the frame or bracket 60 may comprise ridges 78 positioned (such as below and in front of the lens) to reduce the amount of light reflected into the lens 28 (such as by utilizing aspects of the vision systems described in U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 61/600,205, filed Feb. 17, 2012, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety). Further, a shield gasket 80 can be positioned on the frame or bracket 60 around the lens 28 to reduce incursion of dust, particulate, or moisture into the vicinity of the lens 28. The gasket may utilize aspects of the gaskets described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/393,223, filed Feb. 26, 2009, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Thus, the frame or bracket 60 may be attached at the fixing elements 76 (which may be adhered at the in-cabin surface of the vehicle windshield), whereby the tapered or wedge-shaped recess or pocket (having the stray light shield portion and tapered sidewalls) is disposed in front of the camera and lens with the camera and lens viewing through the pocket and through the vehicle windshield.
The side walls of the stray light shield are preferably dimensioned and configured so as to form a pocket that (with the camera module mounted at the windshield-attached bracket) is sufficiently large or dimensioned so that the field of view of the camera does not encompass the base portion and/or side walls of the stray light shield. When the light shield and camera module are disposed at the windshield-attached bracket, the roof of the pocket (the upper boundary of the pocket of the stray light shield) is formed by the windshield and optionally a portion of the bracket and windshield. For example, the stray light shield, when disposed at the bracket, is aligned with an aperture of the bracket, and a perimeter portion of the bracket that circumscribes the bracket aperture may overlap the side walls and may extend over the stray light shield such that a small portion of the “roof” of the stray light shield comprises the circumscribing portion of the bracket (and optionally the circumscribing portion of the bracket may have light traps or ribs or columns thereat). The field of view of the camera, when the camera module and stray light shield are disposed at the windshield-attached bracket, preferably views through the aperture of the bracket (and may also view through an aperture or light transmitting opening of a light absorbing/opaque layer or frit layer at the windshield) and preferably does not encompass the circumscribing portion of the bracket (or any portion of the opaque layer at the windshield that circumscribes the aperture at the opaque layer).
Optionally, and with reference to
As can be seen with reference to
The imager assembly 124 is mounted at the housing 112 (or to the main circuit board 116 or the like) via one or more threaded fasteners. For example, and as shown in
Thus, the camera module of the present invention provides for a low profile module that may be selected or adjusted to provide a desired viewing angle for the particular application of the camera module. The module thus keeps the lens angle or viewing angle of the imager in the same orientation or position for different windshield angle applications. The module may be adapted or configured for different applications by adjusting the camera holder or installing an appropriate or selected low cost plastic holder or replacing the plastic holder with an appropriate or selected holder, while keeping the camera and lens and PCB and housing the same or common components of the module for the various windshield applications (so that the manufacturer does not have to replace the PCB for different windshield angles), and while keeping the profile of the module the same for various windshield applications. The holder may be threadedly fastened or screwed to the cover or housing, such as at either side of the holder (with one fastener at one side of the holder shown in
Because of the number of components established at the main circuit board, it is desirable to have the main circuit board comprise a double sided PCB with circuitry and components established at both sides of the circuit board. The flexible connector or cable provides LVDS signals conveying image data captured by the imager to the image processor of the main circuit board. Alternately, image data captured by the imager may be conveyed to the image processor via the likes of Ethernet or by the protocols described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,697,027, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The aperture or opening or hole in the main circuit board provides for passage of the flexible connector through the circuit board so as to establish electrical connection to the opposite side of the main circuit board, and the aperture or opening or hole in the main circuit board also at least partially receives a portion of imager assembly (such as a portion of the imager circuit board and/or imager and/or lens holder and/or lens) to provide a lower profile camera system or module.
Optionally, the camera module may include ventilation means for ventilating the module at the windshield (such as by utilizing aspects of the modules described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/721,406, filed Jun. 11, 2007 and published Dec. 3, 2009 as U.S. Publication No. US-2009-0295181; and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/393,223, filed Feb. 26, 2009, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties). For example, the ventilation means may comprise one or more vents or ports or ventilation openings (such as a vent or port or opening established through the housing and/or gasket and/or frame or the like), a gas permeable and fluid impermeable material, a baffle that passes air and that blocks moisture, and/or a breathable membrane and/or the like. Such ventilation means may be provided to reduce moisture or fogging of the windshield at the viewing area of the camera or imager. Optionally, a localized heater element or grid may be established at the windshield (such as a conductive trace, such as a transparent conductive trace or the like, established at the in-cabin surface of the windshield local to the camera module) to provide heating of the windshield at the area through which the camera views, in order to reduce moisture or fogging of the windshield at the viewing area of the camera or imager.
Terms such as top side, underside, and height are used herein in a relative sense and are not intended to be limiting with respect to vertical or horizontal orientation. For example, in a hypothetical example, a camera system may be installed such that a top side is positioned below an underside.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a vehicular camera system includes an imager assembly including an imager disposed on an imager circuit board and a lens positioned to direct light to the imager. The vehicular camera system further includes a main circuit board operatively connected to the imager circuit board. The main circuit board includes at least one processor for processing images captured by the imager. The main circuit board includes an opening, and at least a portion of the imager assembly extends through the opening.
The imager circuit board can extend through the opening of the main circuit board. Optionally, for example, and such as best seen in
The vehicular camera system can further include a housing having a breadth and a height. The main circuit board can extend generally along the breadth of the housing and the imager circuit board can extend generally along the height of the housing.
The imager circuit board can include a flexible portion that terminates at an electrical connector. The electrical connector can be connected to an underside of the main circuit board, the underside being opposite a top side of the main circuit board at which the lens is positioned.
The vehicular camera system can further include a connector resilient member sandwiched between the electrical connector and the housing to seat the electrical connector to a mating electrical connector positioned on the underside of the main circuit board.
The housing can be configured to be mounted to the front of a vehicle.
The vehicular camera system can further include a lens holder connecting the lens and the imager circuit board.
The lens holder can extend through the opening of the main circuit board.
The opening can be surrounded by material of the main circuit board.
The opening can have a rectangular shape.
The opening can have rounded inside corners.
The imager circuit board can be tilted at an angle with respect to the main circuit board.
The vehicular camera system can further include a stray light shield positioned to reduce stray light reflected to the lens.
According to another aspect of this disclosure, a method of assembling a vehicular camera system includes positioning an imager assembly at a top side of a main circuit board. The imager assembly can have a lens and an imager for capturing images and the main circuit board can have a processor for processing the captured images. The method further includes extending a portion of the imager assembly through an opening in the main circuit board, and operatively connecting the portion of the imager assembly with an underside of the main circuit board opposite the top side.
Extending a portion of the imager assembly through an opening can include extending a flexible portion through the opening.
Operatively connecting can include connecting an electrical connector of the imager assembly with a mating electrical connector of the main circuit board.
The method can further include positioning a connector resilient member between an inside of a housing and the electrical connector.
The method can further include fastening a lower cover of the housing to an upper cover of the housing to compress the connector resilient member to firmly seat the electrical connector to the mating electrical connector.
The method can further include fastening the imager assembly to the upper cover of the housing.
The method can further include attaching a stray light shield to the housing.
The driver assist system and/or vision system and/or object detection system and/or alert system may operate to capture images exterior of the vehicle and process the captured image data to detect objects at or near the vehicle and in the predicted path of the vehicle, such as to assist a driver of the vehicle in maneuvering the vehicle in a rearward direction. The object detection may utilize detection and analysis of moving vectors representative of objects detected in the field of view of the vehicle camera, in order to determine which detected objects are objects of interest to the driver of the vehicle, such as when the driver of the vehicle undertakes a reversing maneuver.
Referring now to
Forward facing driver assistant image sensors or cameras that are installed behind the vehicle's front windshield are known. It is also known to encase such sensors in a manner so that light from the outside of the vehicle can enter or be captured by the image sensor, but also so that reduced or no light from within the vehicle is captured by the image sensor. Some image sensor cases may have grooves or polymorph surfaces to reduce scattered light from within the vehicle.
On optical thresholds of transparent surfaces (such as glass to air, such as the vehicle windshield to air within the cabin of the vehicle), the light passing from its source to the light sensor or camera becomes reflected, sometimes scattered. Also, the geometrics of the windshield and the sensor housing may cause scattered light. Further, the windshield's tilt angle may have an influence to the light reflection ratio.
Images captured by image sensors or cameras (such as forward facing image sensors) become distorted by scattered or reflected light, which does not originate from direct rays of light sources or objects in front of the vehicle that are in the field of view of the image sensor and/or within the scope of the driver assistant system's surveillance (machine vision or provided to a human machine interface or HMI or the like). The sensor case may have grooves or polymorph surfaces for catching or reducing scattered light, but these typically do not possess optimized surfaces for advanced scatter capturing. The light trap or baffles, formed of light absorbing materials/surfaces, may trap the extraneous light and limit or preclude or reduce the extraneous light from reflecting towards the camera. The light baffle or light trap may comprise dark or light absorbing baffles or ribs or columns or pits or depressions or the like (such as baffles or ribs formed of a dark or black plastic material or the like) to limit or reduce the amount of light that reflects off of the baffles.
For enhancing or optimizing the capability to capture scattered light, the present invention utilizes specifically designed baffles. These baffles are disposed or placed along an inner surface of a vision system image sensor casing. In the illustrated embodiment, the image sensor and casing are disposed behind the front windshield of a vehicle, and the casing has an opening to the front capturing light that passes through the windshield. The baffles may comprise a plurality of spaced apart elongated ribs or vanes with angled or generally vertical surfaces. The individual ribs or vanes may comprise elongated linear or curved ribs or vanes (and optionally may be slightly curved to generally correspond with the curvature of the windshield at the area where the camera module or windshield electronics module is disposed), with the angled surfaces of the individual ribs or vanes or elements and the spacing distance between the individual ribs or vanes or elements being selected to provide the desired baffling and/or reflecting of light for the particular application of the imaging sensor or camera. The camera or module may utilize aspects of the cameras described in PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/048993, filed Jul. 31, 2012 and published Feb. 7, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/019795, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
As shown in
As shown in
As can be seen in
Optionally, the baffles are spaced apart by a predetermined or selected or appropriate distance. For example, the baffles may be spaced apart by specific distances, or the baffles may be set up in a pattern, or the baffles' spacing distances may be a ratio of the height of the baffles or spikes. Optionally, the baffles' spacing distances pattern may be a linear pattern or an exponential pattern or a logarithmic pattern or an alternating row pattern or a squared sine pattern or the like.
Optionally, and desirably, the baffles' surfaces, angles, height, spacing distances and/or the like, may, at least in part, be designed or generated by an optimization algorithm, such as by a simulating ray tracing algorithm or the like. Optionally, the optimization algorithm may use various input parameters, such as the length, width, height, opening angle of the light sensor casing, as well the position of the sensor relative to the opening or baffles, the opening angle of the sensor optics, the tilt angle of the windshield and the different materials' surface reflection ratio and/or the like. Optionally, the optimization may comprise an evolutionary hill climbing algorithm (try—evaluate—decide change—return), or the like.
Therefore, the present invention provides a vehicle vision system that provides enhanced imaging of light that passes through a window or transparent panel of a vehicle, such as through a windshield of the vehicle or the like. The light may be scattered or reflected as it passes through the window or windshield, and the system includes a baffle or light baffling system or configuration to reduce the amount of reflected or scattered light that is imaged by or received by the imaging sensor or camera. The vehicle vision system of the present invention thus provides enhanced display of information and images to the driver of the vehicle based on images captured by one or more cameras or image sensors of the vehicle and having exterior fields of view, such as forwardly, rearwardly and sidewardly of the vehicle.
Optionally, the bracket may include attachment means (such as slots or the like) for attaching the bracket to one or more (such as three or four) fixing elements or attachment elements adhered at the windshield surface, and may include a stray light shield that shields light emanating from inside the vehicle from being received by the camera, such as in a similar manner as shown in
As discussed above, the present invention provides for a camera module that is attachable at or to a bracket that attaches at the vehicle windshield, with the bracket having a light shield that is separate from the camera module so as to adapt the camera module for the particular vehicle or windshield application of the camera module. Typically, different OEMs and different types and styles of vehicles elect to use different windshield angles (for example, some windshields of some vehicles are more vertical and some windshields of some vehicles are more sloped). The present invention provides a light shield element or component that is selected for a particular windshield or vehicle application, such that a common camera module may be used in various applications (having different windshield angles and the like), with a selected or appropriate light shield and bracket used to mount or attach the common or universal camera module at the windshield. By placing the light shield at the bracket and/or separate from the camera module, the manufacturer can set or compensate for the particular windshield angle of a particular vehicle by the forming or molding (such as injection molding of a polymeric material, preferably a dark or light absorbing or non-reflecting plastic or polymeric material or the like) of that particular light shield.
The present invention thus may provide for a standard or stock camera module that is configured to attach to a selected particular bracket for a particular application. The field of view of the camera or imager of the standard camera module may be set for the different vehicle applications by using the molding of the selected bracket for the different applications. The present invention thus provides for a separate and independent light shield, which provides for decoupling or divorcing of the light shield from the camera module itself. Thus, when the light shield and bracket abut against the windshield, the aperture of the frit allows light to pass through the windshield, while the walls of the pocket of the light shield abut the windshield (with a gasket or seal disposed therebetween) to block light emanating from inside vehicle from being received by the imager.
For example, and with reference to
As best shown in
In the illustrated embodiment, the light shield 362 also includes a plurality of baffles or ribs at the lower portion 362b to limit glare or reflection of light emanating from outside of the vehicle and passing through the windshield from being received at the camera or imager assembly.
As shown in
Thus, and as can be seen with reference to
As shown in
When the camera module is attached at the bracket at the windshield (such as shown in
The camera module 312 may comprise a reduced size camera module, such as a module or housing that is less than about 100 mm long (such as less than about 90 mm long and such as, for example, about 88 mm long or thereabouts) and that is less than about 100 mm wide (such as less than about 75 mm wide and such as, for example, about 58 mm wide or thereabouts) and that is less than about 35 mm tall (such as less than about 30 mm tall and such as, for example, about 29 mm tall or thereabouts). The imager may comprise any suitable imager or imaging array, such as, for example, a wide VGA imager having, for example, 752 columns. Optionally, the imager may only use about 640 columns of pixels of the imaging array. Thus, the imager or image processor may have about 112 columns or 56 columns in either direction to adjust the imager to accommodate for any misalignment or yaw (such as within a range of about +/−3 to 4 degrees or thereabouts) of the imager when the camera module is mounted at the windshield of a vehicle. The camera module or system may also provide for adjustment of the imager's field of view to accommodate variation in tip angle (such as, for example, about +/−6 degrees or thereabouts) and/or roll angle (such as, for example, about +/−3 degrees or thereabouts).
As can be seen with reference to
Thus, in accordance with the present invention, the camera holder or module (including the camera and housing portion) is configured to attach to a bracket that is attachable at the in-cabin surface of the vehicle windshield, such as via attachment to one or more attachment elements adhesively attached at the in-cabin surface of the vehicle windshield. The bracket has an aperture for at least partially receiving and/or aligning with the camera and lens, such that the camera views through the windshield of the vehicle when the camera holder is attached at the bracket that is attached at the windshield. The camera holder and/or the bracket and/or a separate element provides a light shield having a wedge-shaped or tapered recess or pocket at the camera lens, whereby the camera views through the recess or pocket and through the windshield (such as by utilizing aspects of the camera systems described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,256,821 and/or 6,824,281, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/470,860, filed May 14, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,405,726, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties). The wedge-shaped recess or pocket is defined or formed by a base portion and opposite sidewalls that taper towards the lens and that extend generally upwards from the base portion to form the wedge-shaped recess or pocket between the in-cabin surface of the windshield and the base portion.
Thus, the camera holder or module or unit may comprise a common or universal component for vehicle vision system, and the bracket may be selected for a particular vehicle application. For example, a bracket of the present invention may be selected or provided that has the appropriate attachment for a particular windshield angle and that has a light shield and wedge-shaped recess or pocket formed or selected for the particular windshield angle and windshield application. Thus, the dimensions of the bracket and recess/pocket formed thereat may be selected or configured for particular vehicle windshield applications, while the camera module or unit may comprise a common unit that is attached at the selected particular bracket for the selected particular vehicle/windshield application.
The light shield is formed so that, when the camera module is attached at the bracket and/or light shield, the light shield is not in the field of view of the imager (in other words, the cone of vision of the imager does not encompass the light shield). The texture of the light shield may be any suitable material, such as a Rio grain texture combined with Micromatte (such as known in the texturing arts). The selected material preferably comprises a low gloss material (such as a material having a gloss level of 10 max), and is preferably a dark or black color, such as Ebony 848 or the like. The selected material may comprise any suitable material, and may comprise a glass filled Nylon material or the like, such as, for example, ULTRAMID® B3WG6 glass fiber reinforced plastic available from BASF Aktiengesellschaft of Germany, or such as, for example, Bayblend T85 XF plastic available from Bayer MaterialScience AG of Germany. Optionally, the surface of the ribs or light traps may be stippled or otherwise configured or textured so as to enhance the light trapping capability thereof. Although preferably light absorbing, the ribs or light traps of the present invention may comprise a non-light-absorbing material/surface or may comprise a partially light reflective material/surface or the like. Optionally, the surfaces of the light traps may comprise fiber/flocked surfaces or the like.
Although the mounting bracket is preferably formed via injection molding of a polymeric material and although the light shield is preferably integrally formed therewith in the same injection molding operation, other forms of fabrication are contemplated. For example, the bracket and the light shield integrally formed therewith may be fabricated by metal forming, such as by stamping or casting or die casting or the like. Preferably, for purposes of light-weightness, the bracket and light shield integrally formed therewith may be formed of magnesium metal, preferably fabricated using thixomolding. Other forms of semi-solid metal casting techniques can be used, including rheocasting, thixocasting and SIMA, such as are known in the metal fabrication arts. Optionally, non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum or aluminum alloys, magnesium or magnesium alloys or copper or copper alloys or the like, may be used in fabrication of the bracket and light shield.
Optionally, a separate stray light shield may be provided as a separate component that attaches at the camera module before the camera module is attached at a bracket attached at a vehicle windshield. In such a configuration, a selected light shield and bracket may be selected for a particular vehicle application, whereby the selected light shield and bracket are used with a common or universal camera module to adapt the camera module for the particular or selected vehicle and windshield application.
For example, and with reference to
As shown in
Thus, and as shown in
After the light shield 462 is attached or adhered at the camera module 412, the camera module and light shield construction or assembly may be attached at a bracket 460 (such as a bracket already attached at a windshield of a vehicle or at a bracket that is configured for attachment at a windshield of a vehicle), such as shown in
In the illustrated embodiment, the bracket 460 (such as a metallic bracket formed by stamping or the like) comprises a generally planar portion 460a and a pair of spaced apart forward tabs 460b and a pair of spaced apart rearward side tabs 460c. The forward tabs 460b are configured to receive respective posts or protrusions 412g at opposite sides of the camera module as the camera module is moved towards the bracket 460 (such as can be seen with reference to
The bracket is formed such that it at least partially circumscribes the light shield, with the roof or upper boundary of the light shield (when disposed at the windshield-attached bracket) comprising the windshield. Optionally, a sealing element may be disposed at and along the upper edge region of the light shield for sealing against the in-cabin surface of the windshield or against a portion of the bracket (where the bracket may overlap the side walls of the light shield, and where the bracket may include a sealing element to seal against the in-cabin surface of the windshield). Thus, when the light shield and camera module are disposed at the windshield-attached bracket, the roof of the pocket (the upper boundary of the pocket of the stray light shield) is formed by the windshield and optionally a portion of the bracket and windshield. For example, the stray light shield, when disposed at the windshield-attached bracket, is aligned with an aperture or opening of the bracket, and a perimeter portion of the bracket that circumscribes or partially circumscribes the bracket aperture or opening may overlap the side walls and may extend over the stray light shield such that a small portion of the “roof” of the stray light shield comprises the circumscribing portion of the bracket (and optionally the circumscribing portion of the bracket may have light traps or ribs or columns thereat). The field of view of the camera, when the camera module and stray light shield are disposed at the windshield-attached bracket, preferably views through the aperture of the bracket (and may also view through an aperture of an opaque layer or frit layer at the windshield) and preferably does not encompass the circumscribing portion of the bracket (or any portion of the opaque layer at the windshield that circumscribes the aperture at the opaque layer).
Thus, the present invention provides a light shield that is separate and distinct from the camera module. The light shield may be incorporated into or formed with or molded as part of the bracket (such as a plastic bracket formed by injection molding or the like, preferably of a dark or opaque or black plastic material or the like), or the light shield may comprise a separate and distinct component or element (such as a plastic light shield element formed by injection molding or the like of a dark or opaque or black plastic material or the like) that is separate from the camera module and separate from the bracket. In such an embodiment, the bracket may comprise a metallic bracket that may be stamped or formed to provide the desired hooks or tabs for mounting the camera module thereat (and optionally with some of the tabs riveted or otherwise attached at the metallic bracket).
In the illustrated embodiment, the light shield element 462 provides a plurality of ribs or baffles 462j (
The baffles or ribs protrude upward from the base portion at least about 0.5 mm and preferably at least about 1 mm, and are at least about 0.5 mm wide and preferably at least about 1 mm wide. The spacing of the baffles is selected to be at least about 0.5 mm and preferably at least about 1 mm between a rear surface of one baffle and a forward surface of an adjacent baffle. In the illustrated embodiment of
Optionally, and desirably, and such as shown in the schematic of
The camera or imager or imaging sensor may comprise any suitable camera or imager or sensor. Optionally, the camera may comprise a “smart camera” that includes the imaging sensor array and associated circuitry and image processing circuitry and electrical connectors and the like as part of a camera module, such as by utilizing aspects of the vision systems described in PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/066571, filed Nov. 27, 2012, and published Jun. 6, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/081985, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/066570, filed Nov. 27, 2012, and published Jun. 6, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/081984, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
The vehicle may include any type of sensor or sensors, such as imaging sensors or radar sensors or lidar sensors or ladar sensors or ultrasonic sensors or the like. The imaging sensor or camera may capture image data for image processing and may comprise any suitable camera or sensing device, such as, for example, an array of a plurality of photosensor elements arranged in at least about 640 columns and 480 rows (at least about a 640×480 imaging array), with a respective lens focusing images onto respective portions of the array. Alternatively, a megapixel imager may be utilized that comprises a photosensor array with at least one million photosensor elements, preferably arranged in rows and columns, and the image processor associated therewith and processing image data captured thereby is preferably an EYEQ3™ image processing chip available from Mobileye Vision Technologies Ltd. of Jerusalem, Israel. The photosensor array may comprise a plurality of photosensor elements arranged in a photosensor array having rows and columns. The logic and control circuit of the imaging sensor may function in any known manner, and the image processing and algorithmic processing may comprise any suitable means for processing the images and/or image data. For example, the vision system and/or processing and/or camera and/or circuitry may utilize aspects described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,005,974; 5,760,962; 5,877,897; 5,796,094; 5,949,331; 6,222,447; 6,302,545; 6,396,397; 6,498,620; 6,523,964; 6,611,202; 6,201,642; 6,690,268; 6,717,610; 6,757,109; 6,802,617; 6,806,452; 6,822,563; 6,891,563; 6,946,978; 7,859,565; 5,550,677; 6,636,258; 7,145,519; 7,161,616; 7,230,640; 7,248,283; 7,295,229; 7,301,466; 7,592,928; 7,881,496; 7,720,580; 7,038,577; 6,882,287; 5,929,786 and/or 5,786,772, PCT Application No. PCT/US2010/047256, filed Aug. 31, 2010 and published Mar. 10, 2011 as International Publication No. WO 2011/028686 and/or International Publication No. WO 2010/099416, published Sep. 2, 2010, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US10/25545, filed Feb. 26, 2010 and published Sep. 2, 2010 as International Publication No. WO 2010/099416, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/048800, filed Jul. 30, 2012, and published Feb. 7, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/019707, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/048110, filed Jul. 25, 2012, and published Jan. 31, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/016409, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/CA2012/000378, filed Apr. 25, 2012, and published Nov. 1, 2012 as International Publication No. WO 20112/145822, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/056014, filed Sep. 19, 2012, and published Mar. 28, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/043661, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US12/57007, filed Sep. 25, 2012, and published Apr. 4, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/048994, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/061548, filed Oct. 24, 2012, and published May 2, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/063014, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/062906, filed Nov. 1, 2012, and published May 10, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/067083, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/063520, filed Nov. 5, 2012, and published May 16, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/070539, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/064980, filed Nov. 14, 2012, and published May 23, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/074604, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/066570, filed Nov. 27, 2012, and published Jun. 6, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/081984, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/066571, filed Nov. 27, 2012, and published Jun. 6, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/081985, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/068331, filed Dec. 7, 2012, and published Jun. 13, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/086249, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/071219, filed Dec. 21, 2012, and published on Jul. 11, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/103548, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2013/022119, filed Jan. 18, 2013, and published Jul. 25, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/109869, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/681,963, filed Nov. 20, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,264,673; Ser. No. 13/660,306, filed Oct. 25, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,146,898; Ser. No. 13/653,577, filed Oct. 17, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,174,574; and/or Ser. No. 13/534,657, filed Jun. 27, 2012, and published Jan. 3, 2013 as U.S. Publication No. US-2013-002873, and/or U.S. provisional applications, Ser. No. 61/736,104, filed Dec. 12, 2012; Ser. No. 61/736,103, filed Dec. 12, 2012; Ser. No. 61/735,314, filed Dec. 10, 2012; Ser. No. 61/734,457, filed Dec. 7, 2012; Ser. No. 61/733,598, filed Dec. 5, 2012; Ser. No. 61/733,093, filed Dec. 4, 2012; Ser. No. 61/727,912, filed Nov. 19, 2012; Ser. No. 61/727,911, filed Nov. 19, 2012; Ser. No. 61/727,910, filed Nov. 19, 2012; Ser. No. 61/718,382, filed Oct. 25, 2012; Ser. No. 61/710,924, filed Oct. 8, 2012; Ser. No. 61/696,416, filed Sep. 4, 2012; Ser. No. 61/682,995, filed Aug. 14, 2012; Ser. No. 61/682,486, filed Aug. 13, 2012; Ser. No. 61/680,883, filed Aug. 8, 2012; Ser. No. 61/676,405, filed Jul. 27, 2012; Ser. No. 61/666,146, filed Jun. 29, 2012; Ser. No. 61/648,744, filed May 18, 2012; Ser. No. 61/624,507, filed Apr. 16, 2012; Ser. No. 61/616,126, filed Mar. 27, 2012; Ser. No. 61/615,410, filed Mar. 26, 2012; Ser. No. 61/613,651, filed Mar. 21, 2012; Ser. No. 61/607,229, filed Mar. 6, 2012; Ser. No. 61/602,876, filed Feb. 24, 2012, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The system may communicate with other communication systems via any suitable means, such as by utilizing aspects of the systems described in PCT Application No. PCT/US10/038477, filed Jun. 14, 2010, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/202,005, filed Aug. 17, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,126,525, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
The imaging device and control and image processor and any associated illumination source, if applicable, may comprise any suitable components, and may utilize aspects of the cameras and vision systems described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,550,677; 6,498,620; 5,670,935; 5,796,094; 6,396,397; 6,806,452; 6,690,268; 7,005,974; 7,123,168; 7,004,606; 6,946,978; 7,038,577; 6,353,392; 6,320,176; 6,313,454 and 6,824,281, and/or International Publication No. WO 2010/099416, published Sep. 2, 2010, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US10/47256, filed Aug. 31, 2010 and published Mar. 10, 2011 as International Publication No. WO 2011/028686, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/508,840, filed Jul. 24, 2009, and published Jan. 28, 2010 as U.S. Pat. Publication No. US 2010-0020170, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/048110, filed Jul. 25, 2012, and published Jan. 31, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/016409, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/534,657, filed Jun. 27, 2012, and published Jan. 3, 2013 as U.S. Publication No. US-2013-0002873, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The camera or cameras may comprise any suitable cameras or imaging sensors or camera modules, and may utilize aspects of the cameras or sensors described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/091,359, filed Apr. 24, 2008 and published Oct. 1, 2009 as U.S. Publication No. US-2009-0244361, and/or Ser. No. 13/260,400, filed Sep. 26, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,542,451, and/or U.S. Pat. No. 7,965,336 and/or 7,480,149, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The imaging array sensor may comprise any suitable sensor, and may utilize various imaging sensors or imaging array sensors or cameras or the like, such as a CMOS imaging array sensor, a CCD sensor or other sensors or the like, such as the types described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,550,677; 5,670,935; 5,760,962; 5,715,093; 5,877,897; 6,922,292; 6,757,109; 6,717,610; 6,590,719; 6,201,642; 6,498,620; 5,796,094; 6,097,023; 6,320,176; 6,559,435; 6,831,261; 6,806,452; 6,396,397; 6,822,563; 6,946,978; 7,339,149; 7,038,577; 7,004,606 and/or 7,720,580, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/534,632, filed May 11, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,965,336; and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2008/076022, filed Sep. 11, 2008 and published Mar. 19, 2009 as International Publication No. WO 2009/036176, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2008/078700, filed Oct. 3, 2008 and published Apr. 9, 2009 as International Publication No. WO 2009/046268, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
The camera module and circuit chip or board and imaging sensor may be implemented and operated in connection with various vehicular vision-based systems, and/or may be operable utilizing the principles of such other vehicular systems, such as a vehicle headlamp control system, such as the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,796,094; 6,097,023; 6,320,176; 6,559,435; 6,831,261; 7,004,606; 7,339,149 and/or 7,526,103, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, a rain sensor, such as the types disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,353,392; 6,313,454; 6,320,176 and/or 7,480,149, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, a vehicle vision system, such as a forwardly, sidewardly or rearwardly directed vehicle vision system utilizing principles disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,550,677; 5,670,935; 5,877,897; 5,949,331; 6,222,447; 6,302,545; 6,396,397; 6,498,620; 6,523,964; 6,611,202; 6,201,642; 6,690,268; 6,717,610; 6,757,109; 6,802,617; 6,806,452; 6,822,563; 6,891,563; 6,946,978 and/or 7,859,565, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, a trailer hitching aid or tow check system, such as the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,005,974, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, a reverse or sideward imaging system, such as for a lane change assistance system or lane departure warning system or for a blind spot or object detection system, such as imaging or detection systems of the types disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,720,580; 7,038,577; 5,929,786 and/or 5,786,772, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/239,980, filed Sep. 30, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,881,496, and/or U.S. provisional applications, Ser. No. 60/628,709, filed Nov. 17, 2004; Ser. No. 60/614,644, filed Sep. 30, 2004; Ser. No. 60/618,686, filed Oct. 14, 2004; Ser. No. 60/638,687, filed Dec. 23, 2004, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, a video device for internal cabin surveillance and/or video telephone function, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,877,897; 6,690,268 and/or 7,370,983, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/538,724, filed Jun. 13, 2005 and published Mar. 9, 2006 as U.S. Publication No. US-2006-0050018, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, a traffic sign recognition system, a system for determining a distance to a leading or trailing vehicle or object, such as a system utilizing the principles disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,396,397 and/or 7,123,168, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, and/or the like.
Optionally, the circuit board or chip may include circuitry for the imaging array sensor and or other electronic accessories or features, such as by utilizing compass-on-a-chip or EC driver-on-a-chip technology and aspects such as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,255,451 and/or 7,480,149; and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/226,628, filed Sep. 14, 2005 and published Mar. 23, 2006 as U.S. Publication No. US-2006-0061008, and/or Ser. No. 12/578,732, filed Oct. 14, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,487,144, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
Optionally, the vision system may include a display for displaying images captured by one or more of the imaging sensors for viewing by the driver of the vehicle while the driver is normally operating the vehicle. Optionally, for example, the vision system may include a video display device disposed at or in the interior rearview mirror assembly of the vehicle, such as by utilizing aspects of the video mirror display systems described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,690,268 and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/333,337, filed Dec. 21, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,264,672, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The video mirror display may comprise any suitable devices and systems and optionally may utilize aspects of the compass display systems described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,370,983; 7,329,013; 7,308,341; 7,289,037; 7,249,860; 7,004,593; 4,546,551; 5,699,044; 4,953,305; 5,576,687; 5,632,092; 5,677,851; 5,708,410; 5,737,226; 5,878,370; 6,087,953; 6,173,508; 6,222,460; 6,513,252 and/or 6,642,851, and/or European patent application, published Oct. 11, 2000 under Publication No. EP 0 1043566, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/226,628, filed Sep. 14, 2005 and published Mar. 23, 2006 as U.S. Publication No. US-2006-0061008, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. Optionally, the video mirror display screen or device may be operable to display images captured by a rearward viewing camera of the vehicle during a reversing maneuver of the vehicle (such as responsive to the vehicle gear actuator being placed in a reverse gear position or the like) to assist the driver in backing up the vehicle, and optionally may be operable to display the compass heading or directional heading character or icon when the vehicle is not undertaking a reversing maneuver, such as when the vehicle is being driven in a forward direction along a road (such as by utilizing aspects of the display system described in PCT Application No. PCT/US2011/056295, filed Oct. 14, 2011 and published Apr. 19, 2012 as International Publication No. WO 2012/051500, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety).
Optionally, the vision system (utilizing the forward facing camera and a rearward facing camera and other cameras disposed at the vehicle with exterior fields of view) may be part of or may provide a display of a top-down view or birds-eye view system of the vehicle or a surround view at the vehicle, such as by utilizing aspects of the vision systems described in PCT Application No. PCT/US10/25545, filed Feb. 26, 2010 and published on Sep. 2, 2010 as International Publication No. WO 2010/099416, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US10/47256, filed Aug. 31, 2010 and published Mar. 10, 2011 as International Publication No. WO 2011/028686, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2011/062834, filed Dec. 1, 2011 and published Jun. 7, 2012 as International Publication No. WO 2012/075250, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/048993, filed Jul. 31, 2012 and published Feb. 7, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/019795, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US11/62755, filed Dec. 1, 2011 and published Jun. 7, 2012 as International Publication No. WO 2012-075250, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/CA2012/000378, filed Apr. 25, 2012, and published Nov. 1, 2012 as International Publication No. WO 2012/145822, and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/066571, filed Nov. 27, 2012, and published Jun. 6, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/081985, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/333,337, filed Dec. 21, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,264,672, and/or U.S. provisional applications, Ser. No. 61/615,410, filed Mar. 26, 2012, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
Optionally, a video mirror display may be disposed rearward of and behind the reflective element assembly and may comprise a display such as the types disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,530,240; 6,329,925; 7,855,755; 7,626,749; 7,581,859; 7,446,650; 7,370,983; 7,338,177; 7,274,501; 7,255,451; 7,195,381; 7,184,190; 5,668,663; 5,724,187 and/or 6,690,268, and/or in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/091,525, filed Apr. 25, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,855,755; Ser. No. 11/226,628, filed Sep. 14, 2005 and published Mar. 23, 2006 as U.S. Publication No. US-2006-0061008; and/or Ser. No. 10/538,724, filed Jun. 13, 2005 and published Mar. 9, 2006 as U.S. Publication No. US-2006-0050018, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The display is viewable through the reflective element when the display is activated to display information. The display element may be any type of display element, such as a vacuum fluorescent (VF) display element, a light emitting diode (LED) display element, such as an organic light emitting diode (OLED) or an inorganic light emitting diode, an electroluminescent (EL) display element, a liquid crystal display (LCD) element, a video screen display element or backlit thin film transistor (TFT) display element or the like, and may be operable to display various information (as discrete characters, icons or the like, or in a multi-pixel manner) to the driver of the vehicle, such as passenger side inflatable restraint (PSIR) information, tire pressure status, and/or the like. The mirror assembly and/or display may utilize aspects described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,184,190; 7,255,451; 7,446,924 and/or 7,338,177, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The thicknesses and materials of the coatings on the substrates of the reflective element may be selected to provide a desired color or tint to the mirror reflective element, such as a blue colored reflector, such as is known in the art and such as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,910,854; 6,420,036 and/or 7,274,501, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
Optionally, the display or displays and any associated user inputs may be associated with various accessories or systems, such as, for example, a tire pressure monitoring system or a passenger air bag status or a garage door opening system or a telematics system or any other accessory or system of the mirror assembly or of the vehicle or of an accessory module or console of the vehicle, such as an accessory module or console of the types described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,289,037; 6,877,888; 6,824,281; 6,690,268; 6,672,744; 6,386,742 and 6,124,886, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/538,724, filed Jun. 13, 2005 and published Mar. 9, 2006 as U.S. Publication No. US-2006-0050018, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
Changes and modifications to the specifically described embodiments may be carried out without departing from the principles of the present invention, which is intended to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims as interpreted according to the principles of patent law.
The present application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/646,006, filed Dec. 27, 2021, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,758,274, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/948,176, filed Sep. 7, 2020, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,212,453, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/665,062, filed Oct. 28, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,771,708, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/396,856, filed Apr. 29, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,462,375, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/042,042, filed Jul. 23, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,277,825, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/871,173, filed Jan. 15, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,033,934, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/377,939, filed Aug. 11, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,871,971, which is a 371 national phase filing of PCT Application No. PCT/US2013/026101, filed Feb. 14, 2013, which claims the filing benefit of U.S. provisional applications, Ser. No. 61/600,205, filed Feb. 17, 2012, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/377,939 is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/233,507, filed Jan. 17, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,596,387, which is a 371 national stage filing of PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/048993, filed Jul. 31, 2012 and published Feb. 7, 2013 as International Publication No. WO 2013/019795, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and which claims priority of U.S. provisional applications, Ser. No. 61/583,431, filed Jan. 5, 2012, and Ser. No. 61/514,191, filed Aug. 2, 2011.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
4514530 | Sellstrom et al. | Apr 1985 | A |
4634884 | Hayashimoto et al. | Jan 1987 | A |
4712879 | Lynam et al. | Dec 1987 | A |
4786966 | Hanson et al. | Nov 1988 | A |
5073012 | Lynam | Dec 1991 | A |
5076673 | Lynam et al. | Dec 1991 | A |
5096287 | Kakinami et al. | Mar 1992 | A |
5098287 | Duncan et al. | Mar 1992 | A |
5115346 | Lynam | May 1992 | A |
5130804 | Tamura | Jul 1992 | A |
5140455 | Varaprasad et al. | Aug 1992 | A |
5142407 | Varaprasad et al. | Aug 1992 | A |
5151816 | Varaprasad et al. | Sep 1992 | A |
5204615 | Richards et al. | Apr 1993 | A |
5253109 | O'Farrell et al. | Oct 1993 | A |
5371659 | Pastrick et al. | Dec 1994 | A |
5406414 | O'Farrell et al. | Apr 1995 | A |
5497306 | Pastrick | Mar 1996 | A |
5525264 | Cronin et al. | Jun 1996 | A |
5550677 | Schofield et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
5559556 | Kagebeck | Sep 1996 | A |
5567360 | Varaprasad et al. | Oct 1996 | A |
5610756 | Lynam et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
5657539 | Orikasa et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
5668663 | Varaprasad et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5669699 | Pastrick et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5670935 | Schofield et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5724187 | Varaprasad et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5760962 | Schofield et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5796094 | Schofield et al. | Aug 1998 | A |
5821532 | Beaman et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
5823654 | Pastrick et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
5854708 | Komatsu et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
5872332 | Verma | Feb 1999 | A |
5877897 | Schofield et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5910854 | Varaprasad et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
5920061 | Feng | Jul 1999 | A |
5949331 | Schofield et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5978017 | Tino | Nov 1999 | A |
6002511 | Varaprasad et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
6013372 | Hayakawa et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
6071606 | Yamazaki et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6072814 | Ryan et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6087953 | DeLine et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
6097023 | Schofield et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6117193 | Glenn | Sep 2000 | A |
6124886 | DeLine et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6151065 | Steed et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
6154306 | Varaprasad et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
6172613 | DeLine et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6176602 | Pastrick et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6178034 | Allemand et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6193378 | Tonar et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6201642 | Bos | Mar 2001 | B1 |
6222447 | Schofield et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6243003 | DeLine et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6250148 | Lynam | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6259475 | Ramachandran et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6276821 | Pastrick et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6278377 | DeLine et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6292311 | Bohn et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6302545 | Schofield et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6313454 | Bos et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6320176 | Schofield et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6326613 | Heslin et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6329925 | Skiver et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6341523 | Lynam | Jan 2002 | B2 |
6353392 | Schofield et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6396397 | Bos et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
6420975 | DeLine et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6428172 | Hutzel et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6445287 | Schofield et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6454449 | Nestell et al. | Sep 2002 | B2 |
6466136 | DeLine et al. | Oct 2002 | B2 |
6481003 | Maeda | Nov 2002 | B1 |
6483101 | Webster | Nov 2002 | B1 |
6498620 | Schofield et al. | Dec 2002 | B2 |
6501387 | Skiver et al. | Dec 2002 | B2 |
6523964 | Schofield et al. | Feb 2003 | B2 |
6535242 | Strumolo et al. | Mar 2003 | B1 |
6559435 | Schofield et al. | May 2003 | B2 |
6559439 | Tsuchida et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6587152 | Sharp et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6590658 | Case et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6593565 | Heslin et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6603612 | Nakano | Aug 2003 | B2 |
6611202 | Schofield et al. | Aug 2003 | B2 |
6651187 | Lacey, III | Nov 2003 | B2 |
6654187 | Ning | Nov 2003 | B2 |
6690268 | Schofield et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
6717610 | Bos et al. | Apr 2004 | B1 |
6757109 | Bos | Jun 2004 | B2 |
6768422 | Schofield et al. | Jul 2004 | B2 |
6774356 | Heslin et al. | Aug 2004 | B2 |
6795237 | Marinelli et al. | Sep 2004 | B1 |
6805767 | Shinomiya | Oct 2004 | B2 |
6806452 | Bos et al. | Oct 2004 | B2 |
6822563 | Bos et al. | Nov 2004 | B2 |
6824281 | Schofield et al. | Nov 2004 | B2 |
6831261 | Schofield et al. | Dec 2004 | B2 |
6891563 | Schofield et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6897432 | Schmidtke et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6946978 | Schofield | Sep 2005 | B2 |
6953253 | Schofield et al. | Oct 2005 | B2 |
6968736 | Lynam | Nov 2005 | B2 |
6977619 | March et al. | Dec 2005 | B2 |
7004593 | Weller et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
7004606 | Schofield | Feb 2006 | B2 |
7005974 | McMahon et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
7015944 | Holz et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
7031075 | Tsuji | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7038577 | Pawlicki et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
7095123 | Prior | Aug 2006 | B2 |
7095572 | Lee et al. | Aug 2006 | B2 |
7111996 | Seger et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
7123168 | Schofield | Oct 2006 | B2 |
7188963 | Schofield et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7205904 | Schofield | Apr 2007 | B2 |
7215479 | Bakin | May 2007 | B1 |
7255451 | McCabe et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
7262406 | Heslin et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
7265342 | Heslin et al. | Sep 2007 | B2 |
7268957 | Frenzel et al. | Sep 2007 | B2 |
7289037 | Uken et al. | Oct 2007 | B2 |
7311406 | Schofield et al. | Dec 2007 | B2 |
7325934 | Schofield et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
7339149 | Schofield et al. | Mar 2008 | B1 |
7344261 | Schofield et al. | Mar 2008 | B2 |
7355524 | Schofield | Apr 2008 | B2 |
7370983 | DeWind et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
7388182 | Schofield et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
7391458 | Sakamoto | Jun 2008 | B2 |
7402786 | Schofield et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
7419315 | Hirata et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
7420159 | Heslin et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
7423248 | Schofield et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
7423665 | Ray et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
7425076 | Schofield et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
7453509 | Losehand et al. | Nov 2008 | B2 |
7480149 | DeWard et al. | Jan 2009 | B2 |
7526103 | Schofield et al. | Apr 2009 | B2 |
7533998 | Schofield et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
7536316 | Ozer et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
7538316 | Heslin et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
7551103 | Schofield | Jun 2009 | B2 |
7579939 | Schofield et al. | Aug 2009 | B2 |
7599134 | Bechtel et al. | Oct 2009 | B2 |
7616781 | Schofield et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
7655894 | Schofield et al. | Feb 2010 | B2 |
7679498 | Pawlicki et al. | Mar 2010 | B2 |
7697027 | McMahon et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
7728721 | Schofield et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7768574 | Humpston | Aug 2010 | B2 |
7877175 | Higgins-Luthman | Jan 2011 | B2 |
7888629 | Heslin et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7889086 | Schafer et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7916009 | Schofield et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
7918570 | Weller et al. | Apr 2011 | B2 |
7946505 | Lynam et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
7965336 | Bingle et al. | Jun 2011 | B2 |
7972045 | Schofield | Jul 2011 | B2 |
7994462 | Schofield et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8063759 | Bos et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8064146 | Iwasaki | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8070332 | Higgins-Luthman et al. | Dec 2011 | B2 |
8090153 | Schofield et al. | Jan 2012 | B2 |
8120652 | Bechtel et al. | Feb 2012 | B2 |
8142059 | Higgins-Luthman et al. | Mar 2012 | B2 |
8162518 | Schofield | Apr 2012 | B2 |
8179437 | Schofield et al. | May 2012 | B2 |
8192095 | Kortan et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8194133 | DeWind et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8203440 | Schofield et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8222588 | Schofield et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8223203 | Ohsumi et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8239086 | Higgins-Luthman | Aug 2012 | B2 |
8254011 | Baur et al. | Aug 2012 | B2 |
8256821 | Lawlor et al. | Sep 2012 | B2 |
8289142 | Pawlicki et al. | Oct 2012 | B2 |
8294608 | Lynam | Oct 2012 | B1 |
8314689 | Schofield et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8318512 | Shah et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8324552 | Schofield et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8325986 | Schofield et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8339453 | Blake, III et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8355839 | Schofield et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8376595 | Higgins-Luthman | Feb 2013 | B2 |
8386114 | Higgins-Luthman | Feb 2013 | B2 |
8405725 | McMahon et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8405726 | Schofield et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8451332 | Rawlings | May 2013 | B2 |
8513590 | Heslin et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
8529075 | Yamada et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8531278 | DeWard et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8534887 | DeLine et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8542451 | Lu et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8548315 | Okuda | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8629768 | Bos et al. | Jan 2014 | B2 |
8665079 | Pawlicki et al. | Mar 2014 | B2 |
8743203 | Karner et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
8763970 | Mordau et al. | Jul 2014 | B2 |
8851690 | Uken et al. | Oct 2014 | B2 |
8944655 | Verrat-Debailleul et al. | Feb 2015 | B2 |
9150165 | Fortin et al. | Oct 2015 | B1 |
9156403 | Rawlings et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
9193308 | Okuda | Nov 2015 | B2 |
9266474 | DeWard et al. | Feb 2016 | B2 |
9277104 | Sesti et al. | Mar 2016 | B2 |
9338334 | Lu et al. | May 2016 | B2 |
9380219 | Salomonsson et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
9451138 | Winden et al. | Sep 2016 | B2 |
9487159 | Achenbach | Nov 2016 | B2 |
9497368 | Winden et al. | Nov 2016 | B1 |
9596387 | Achenbach et al. | Mar 2017 | B2 |
9630570 | Salomonsson et al. | Apr 2017 | B2 |
9635230 | Winden et al. | Apr 2017 | B2 |
9871971 | Wang et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
9878679 | Salomonsson et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
9883088 | Winden et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
10033934 | Wang et al. | Jul 2018 | B2 |
10046716 | Okuda et al. | Aug 2018 | B2 |
10065575 | Salomonsson et al. | Sep 2018 | B2 |
10264168 | Winden et al. | Apr 2019 | B2 |
10277825 | Wang et al. | Apr 2019 | B2 |
10462375 | Wang et al. | Oct 2019 | B2 |
10771708 | Wang | Sep 2020 | B2 |
11212453 | Wang | Dec 2021 | B2 |
11758274 | Wang | Sep 2023 | B2 |
20020003571 | Schofield et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020156559 | Stam et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
20020159270 | Lynam et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
20030090569 | Poechmueller | May 2003 | A1 |
20030137595 | Takachi | Jul 2003 | A1 |
20030169522 | Schofield et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20040016870 | Pawlicki et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
20040032321 | McMahon et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
20040051634 | Schofield et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040189862 | Gustavsson et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20050083590 | Tanigawa et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
20050104995 | Spryshak et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050141106 | Lee et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050184352 | Jeong et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050190283 | Ish-Shalom et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050232469 | Schofield et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
20050274883 | Nagano | Dec 2005 | A1 |
20060038668 | DeWard et al. | Feb 2006 | A1 |
20060049533 | Kamoshita | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060050018 | Hutzel et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060054802 | Johnston | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060056077 | Johnston | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060061008 | Karner et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060065436 | Gally et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060077575 | Nakai et al. | Apr 2006 | A1 |
20060103727 | Tseng | May 2006 | A1 |
20060125919 | Camilleri et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060171704 | Bingle et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
20060184297 | Higgins-Luthman | Aug 2006 | A1 |
20060202038 | Wang et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
20070096020 | Mitsugi et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
20070109406 | Schofield et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
20070120657 | Schofield et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
20070221826 | Bechtel et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
20070279518 | Apel et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20080024833 | Kawasaki | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080024883 | Iwasaki | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080043105 | Kallhammer et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
20080121034 | Lynam et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
20080247751 | Lang et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20080252882 | Kesterson | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20090010494 | Bechtel et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
20090046150 | Hayakawa et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090085755 | Schafer et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
20090208058 | Schofield et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090244361 | Gebauer et al. | Oct 2009 | A1 |
20090295181 | Lawlor | Dec 2009 | A1 |
20100103308 | Butterfield et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100110192 | Johnston et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100118146 | Schofield et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100134616 | Seger et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
20100165468 | Yamada et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
20100279438 | An et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100279439 | Shah et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100283581 | Heigl | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20110025850 | Maekawa et al. | Feb 2011 | A1 |
20110035120 | Taylor et al. | Feb 2011 | A1 |
20110163904 | Alland et al. | Jul 2011 | A1 |
20110233248 | Flemming et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110298968 | Tseng et al. | Dec 2011 | A1 |
20120008129 | Lu et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
20120013741 | Blake, III | Jan 2012 | A1 |
20120069185 | Stein | Mar 2012 | A1 |
20120075471 | Seger et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
20120081550 | Sewell | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120182425 | Higgins-Luthman et al. | Jul 2012 | A1 |
20120207461 | Okuda | Aug 2012 | A1 |
20120265416 | Lu et al. | Oct 2012 | A1 |
20130002873 | Hess | Jan 2013 | A1 |
20130044021 | Lynam | Feb 2013 | A1 |
20140000804 | Looi et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140015977 | Taylor et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140016919 | Okuda | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140022657 | Lu et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140043465 | Salomonsson et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140160284 | Achenbach et al. | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20140226012 | Achenbach | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20150015713 | Wang et al. | Jan 2015 | A1 |
20150042798 | Takeda | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150251605 | Uken et al. | Sep 2015 | A1 |
20170187931 | Onishi et al. | Jun 2017 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
01059596 | Mar 1992 | CN |
1743887 | Mar 2006 | CN |
201230348 | Apr 2009 | CN |
101681530 | Mar 2010 | CN |
101799614 | Aug 2010 | CN |
10237606 | Mar 2004 | DE |
102008044003 | May 2010 | DE |
102010023593 | Dec 2011 | DE |
0889801 | Jan 1999 | EP |
1025702 | Aug 2000 | EP |
1271214 | Jan 2003 | EP |
1351316 | Oct 2003 | EP |
1504276 | Feb 2005 | EP |
1605520 | Dec 2005 | EP |
08084277 | Mar 1996 | JP |
2006-293100 | Oct 2006 | JP |
2006-350372 | Dec 2006 | JP |
2007243550 | Sep 2007 | JP |
2010042703 | Feb 2010 | JP |
2001044850 | Jun 2001 | WO |
2004010679 | Jan 2004 | WO |
2006029995 | Mar 2006 | WO |
2006029996 | Mar 2006 | WO |
2007053404 | May 2007 | WO |
2008024639 | Feb 2008 | WO |
2008127752 | Oct 2008 | WO |
2009046268 | Apr 2009 | WO |
2011111465 | Sep 2011 | WO |
2013019795 | Feb 2013 | WO |
2013081984 | Jun 2013 | WO |
2013081985 | Jun 2013 | WO |
2013123161 | Aug 2013 | WO |
Entry |
---|
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated May 6, 2013 from corresponding PCT Application No. PCT/US2012/026101. |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20230421907 A1 | Dec 2023 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
61600205 | Feb 2012 | US | |
61583431 | Jan 2012 | US | |
61514191 | Aug 2011 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 17646006 | Dec 2021 | US |
Child | 18464354 | US | |
Parent | 16948176 | Sep 2020 | US |
Child | 17646006 | US | |
Parent | 16665062 | Oct 2019 | US |
Child | 16948176 | US | |
Parent | 16396856 | Apr 2019 | US |
Child | 16665062 | US | |
Parent | 16042042 | Jul 2018 | US |
Child | 16396856 | US | |
Parent | 15871173 | Jan 2018 | US |
Child | 16042042 | US | |
Parent | 14377939 | US | |
Child | 15871173 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 14233507 | US | |
Child | 14377939 | US |