Patent Application
20160076507
The present invention relates generally to ignition assemblies, and more specifically to configurations for venting combustion gas that passes a spark plug in a manner that prevents a flame from propagating to an outside environment.
Spark plugs mounted to a cylinder head do not prevent all gases from the combustion chamber from passing through the spark plug/cylinder head interface. When spark plugs are mounted within a spark plug tube, liquids may condense out from built up combustion gas in the tube and degrade the performance of the spark plug. Thus, in certain applications the built up combustion gas is permitted to vent through a metal-to-metal interface between the coil and the valve cover. This interface, however, may permit ingress of liquids from the outside environment into the spark plug tube, thereby causes performance degradation of the spark plug.
Consequently, it is desirable to provide a venting configuration for built up combustion gas in the spark plug tube that also permits prevention of liquid ingress from the outside environment into the spark plug tube. It is further desirable to vent the combustion gas in a manner that prevents a flame resulting from ignition of the gas within the spark plug tube from propagating to the outside environment, thereby permitting use of the engine in hazardous areas.
According to one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a venting apparatus for combustion gas, comprising a port formed in a valve cover having an outlet and an inlet in flow communication with an enclosed volume within a spark plug tube that receives combustion gas build up, a check valve having an inlet in flow communication with the outlet of the port and an outlet, and a flame arrestor having an inlet in flow communication with the check valve outlet, and a plurality of outlets. Combustion gas in the volume is vented through the check valve and the flame arrestor but a flame from ignition of the combustion gas in the volume is prevented from propagating through the flame arrestor to an outside environment. In one aspect of this embodiment, the port includes a first drilling extending from an outer surface of the valve cover to the inlet adjacent an upper opening of the spark plug tube, and a second drilling extending from the outlet at an inner surface of the valve cover to the first drilling. A variant of this aspect further includes a plug disposed in the first drilling to prevent gas flow through the outer surface of the valve cover. In another variant, the second drilling includes a threaded bore extending into the valve cover from the outlet, the threaded bore configured to receive a threaded end of the check valve. In another aspect of this embodiment, the flame arrestor is a sintered metal flame arrestor. In another aspect, the flame arrestor is disposed in an internal volume of the valve cover. In another aspect of this embodiment, the outlet of the port is disposed on an outer surface of the valve cover. Another aspect further includes a weather seal between an outer surface of the valve cover and a surface of an ignition coil.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a venting apparatus for combustion gas is provided, comprising a coupling mounted to a spark plug tube, the coupling having an outlet and an inlet in flow communication with an enclosed volume within the spark plug tube that receives combustion gas build up, a check valve having an inlet in flow communication with the outlet of the coupling and an outlet, and a flame arrestor having an inlet in flow communication with the check valve outlet, and a plurality of outlets. Combustion gas in the volume is vented through the check valve and the flame arrestor but a flame from ignition of the combustion gas in the volume is prevented from propagating through the flame arrestor to an outside environment. In one aspect of this embodiment, the flame arrestor is a sintered metal flame arrestor. Another aspect further includes a boss mounted to an outer wall of the spark plug tube, the coupling being mounted to the boss. In another aspect, the flame arrestor is mounted within an internal volume of the valve cover. Yet another aspect further includes a weather seal between an outer surface of the valve cover and a surface of an ignition coil.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, a mounting configuration is provided, comprising a spark plug tube, a spark plug extender configured to couple to a spark plug; the spark plug extender being disposed in the spark plug tube thereby defining a volume between an outer surface of the spark plug extender and an inner surface of the spark plug tube, the volume receiving combustion gas that leaks past the spark plug, a check valve having an inlet in fluid communication with the volume and an outlet, and a flame arrestor coupled to the outlet of the check valve, the flame arrestor having a plurality of outlets configured to permit combustion gas to pass through the outlets but to prevent a flame from propagating through the outlets. Combustion gas in the volume is vented through the check valve and the flame arrestor such that when the combustion gas is ignited in the volume, the resulting flame will not propagate to an environment surrounding the flame arrestor. One aspect of this embodiment further includes a port formed in a valve cover having an outlet and an inlet in flow communication with the volume. In a variant of this aspect, the port includes a first drilling extending from an outer surface of the valve cover to the port inlet adjacent an upper opening of the spark plug tube, and a second drilling extending from the outlet of the port at an inner surface of the valve cover to the first drilling. Another variant of this aspect further includes a plug disposed in the first drilling to prevent gas flow through the outer surface of the valve cover. In another variant, the second drilling includes a threaded bore extending into the valve cover from the outlet, the threaded bore configured to receive a threaded end of the check valve. In another aspect of this embodiment, the flame arrestor is a sintered metal flame arrestor. In another aspect, the flame arrestor is disposed in an internal volume of the valve cover. In still another aspect, the outlet of the port is disposed on an outer surface of the valve cover. Another aspect further includes a weather seal between an outer surface of the valve cover and a surface of an ignition coil. Another aspect includes a coupling mounted to the spark plug tube, the coupling having an outlet and an inlet in flow communication with the volume. Yet another aspect includes a weather seal between an outer surface of the valve cover and a surface of an ignition coil.
While multiple embodiments are disclosed, still other embodiments of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which shows and describes illustrative embodiments of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.
The above-mentioned and other features of this disclosure and the manner of obtaining them will become more apparent and the disclosure itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of embodiments of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
While the invention is amenable to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are described in detail below. The intention, however, is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
As depicted in
It is known that essentially all spark plugs 12 leak some amount of combustion gas through their seals. In other words, as the fuel/air mixture in the cylinder is ignited and combusts, some portion of the gas is forced by the pressure of the combustion up through the connection between spark plug 12 and cylinder head 34. This combustion gas enters the gap 36 formed between extender 16 and tube 32. As the combustion gas cools in gap 36, liquids may condense out of the gas and cause corrosion of the high voltage connection between spark plug 12 and conductor 26. Degradation of the electrical connection to spark plug 12, whether as a result of ingress of liquids through tube 32 or combustion gas around spark plug 12, eventually lowers the voltage capacity of the system and eventually results in poor engine performance.
Assembly 10 of
One way to reduce the risk of ingress of liquids through gap 42 is to use a weather seal or gasket between flange 20 of coil 14 and valve cover 22. Such a weather seal would, however, also prevent combustion gas within tube 32 from venting to atmosphere. Consequently, combustion gas pressure would build up in tube 32 until an equilibrium pressure is established between gap 36 and the main combustion chamber. Upon cooling during engine shut down, liquids could then condense out of the pressurized gas in gap 36 and potentially cause corrosion to spark plug 12 and/or extender 16.
Referring now to
The configuration 200 depicted in
To permit venting of combustion gas, configuration 200 includes a port 214 formed in valve cover 204 in flow communication with gap 210 and an internal volume 216 of valve cover 204, a check valve 218 in flow communication with port 214, and a flame arrestor 220 in flow communication with check valve 218. More specifically, port 214 includes a first drilling 222 and a second drilling 224. First drilling 222 extends from an outer surface 226 of valve cover 204 to an inlet 228 of port 214 adjacent an upper opening 230 of spark plug tube 208. Second drilling 224 extends from an outlet 232 of port 214 disposed at an inner surface 234 of valve cover 204 to first drilling 222. First drilling 222 includes a plug 236 which is inserted into first drilling 222 in the manner shown to prevent gas from within gap 210 from flowing though first drilling 222 to the outside environment.
Outlet 232 includes a threaded bore 236 that extends from inner surface 234 into valve cover 204. Check valve 218 includes a threaded inlet end 238 configured to thread into outlet 232 and a threaded outlet end 240 configured to receive a threaded end 242 of flame arrestor 220. Check valve 218 may be any suitable one-way valve that permits gas flow from inlet end 238 to outlet end 240, but prevents gas flow from outlet end 240 to inlet end 238. In addition to threaded end 242, flame arrestor 220 includes a sintered metal body 244 which, as is known in the art, permits gas flow through body 244 but prevents a flame from penetrating body 244.
In operation, as combustion gas leaks past the spark plug into tube 208, it passes through upper opening 230 of tube 208 into inlet 228 of port 214. The gas then passes through first drilling and second drilling, and out outlet 232 of port 214. The gas passes through check valve 218 and flame arrestor 220 into internal volume 216 of valve cover 204. If the gas within tube 208 combusts, any flame is prevented from propagating to the environment outside the engine. Thus, such a configuration may be used in hazardous areas.
In an alternate embodiment, second drilling 224 and plug 236 are omitted, and outlet 232 is formed through outer surface 226 of valve cover 204. Check valve 218 and flame arrestor 220 are mounted to outlet 232 in the manner described above. In this embodiment, check valve 218 and flame arrestor 220 are situated outside of valve cover 204. This embodiment may nonetheless still be used in hazardous areas as flame arrestor 220 prevents propagation of flame to the gas surrounding the engine.
Another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in
To permit venting of combustion gas, configuration 300 includes a coupling 314 mounted to tube 308 in flow communication with gap 310 and an internal volume 316 of valve cover 304, a check valve 318 in flow communication with coupling 314, and a flame arrestor 320 in flow communication with check valve 318. More specifically, coupling 314 includes an inlet end 322 configured to be threaded into a boss 324 mounted to an outer wall 326 of tube 308, an inner passage 328, and an outlet end 330 configured to receive a threaded end 332 of check valve 318. Check valve 318 and flame arrestor 320 are the same as those described above with reference to
In operation, as combustion gas leaks past the spark plug into tube 308, it passes through outer wall 326 of tube 308 into inlet end 322 of coupling 314. The gas then passes through passage 328 and out outlet end 330 of coupling 314. The gas passes through check valve 318 and flame arrestor 320 into internal volume 316 of valve cover 304. If the gas within tube 308 combusts, any flame is prevented from propagating to the environment outside the engine. Thus, such a configuration may be used in hazardous areas.
Various modifications and additions can be made to the exemplary embodiments discussed without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, while the embodiments described above refer to particular features, the scope of this invention also includes embodiments having different combinations of features and embodiments that do not include all of the described features. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as fall within the scope of the claims, together with all equivalents thereof.
