The present disclosure relates generally to barriers (such as railings or fences) and in particular to a barrier panel utilizing cables as vertical barrier members.
It is common to form a barrier for railing or fence applications made, for example, of a plurality of panel members, with each panel member supported between and attached to a pair of post members. Each panel generally comprises a bottom rail extending between two posts and a top rail also extending between those same two posts. A plurality of vertical support members (also referred to in the art as pickets or balusters) extend between the bottom rail and the top rail. The bottom rail, top rail and vertical support members are made of a metal material (such as steel or aluminum). In an embodiment, first ends of the vertical support members are fixedly attached to the bottom rail (for example, through bolts, brackets or welding) and second ends of the vertical support members are fixedly attached to the top rail (again, for example, through bolts, brackets or welding).
The panel may be pre-assembled before delivery to a job site. In such a case, the installer may simply install the pair of posts with a separation substantially equal to a length of the panel. The installed posts should have an exposed height that is greater than a height of the panel. Brackets mounted on each post accept and retain ends of the bottom and top rails.
U.S. Pat. No. 10,883,290 to Fortress Iron, LP relates to a vertical cable rail panel with tension adjustable vertical cables and rigid support members, which is incorporated herein by reference. U.S. 2020/0080620 to Digger Specialties, Inc. relates to a rail system that employs tensioned cables to serve as physical barriers as an alternative to rigid only baluster railing systems. U.S. Publication No. 2006/0151760 to Vyvyan-Vivian relates to a tensioning system comprising one or more cable spacing members with cable spacing portions, and adjustable positional members for positioning the cable spacing members and adjusts the tension in the runs of cable. A vertical cable rail panel may be fabricated and assembled with different manufacturing processes according to the present disclosure in a manner that may result in certain efficiencies and improvements over conventional vertical rail panels.
In an embodiment, a rail panel includes a top rail having a bottom wall, a top wall, and a pair of internal walls running a length of the top rail and extending toward the top wall. The top wall of the top rail defines a plurality of fastener receiving holes spaced apart along the length of the top rail, and the bottom wall of the top rail defines a plurality of top cable holes spaced apart along the length of the top rail, the fastener receiving holes are larger in size than the top cable holes. The rail panel includes a bottom rail having a top wall, a bottom wall, a first side wall, a second side wall disposed opposite the first side wall, and an internal wall running a length of the bottom rail and extending from the first side wall to the second side wall. The top wall of the bottom rail defines a plurality of bottom cable holes disposed spaced apart along the length of the top wall of the bottom rail, and the bottom wall of the bottom rail defines a plurality of clip receiving holes spaced apart along the length of the bottom wall of the bottom rail, the clip receiving holes are larger in size than the bottom cable hole. The rail panel includes a plurality of vertical cables extending from the top rail to the bottom rail, a top end of each the plurality of vertical cables extending through a respective top cable hole, and a bottom end of each of the plurality of vertical cables extending through a respective bottom cable hole. The rail panel includes a plurality of threaded swage fittings, each coupled to a respective top end of one of the plurality of vertical cables, each threaded swage received between the pair of internal walls of the top rail such that the pair of internal walls prevent rotation of the threaded swage fitting, each of plurality of threaded swage fittings and each of the top cable holes being sized to prevent the threaded swage fitting from passing through the top cable hole. The rail panel includes a plurality of clip receiving swage fittings, each coupled to a respective bottom end of one of the plurality of vertical cables and sized to pass through the bottom cable holes. The rail panel includes a plurality of clips, each received by a respective clip receiving swage fitting, each clip and each bottom cable hole sized to prevent the clip from passing through the bottom cable hole. The rail panel includes a rigid support member extending from the top rail to the bottom rail.
In another embodiment a rail panel includes a first rail having a bottom wall, a top wall, and a pair of internal walls running a length of the first rail and extending toward the top wall. The top wall of the first rail defines a plurality of fastener receiving holes spaced apart along the length of the first rail, and the bottom wall of the first rail defines a plurality of top cable holes spaced apart along the length of the first rail, the fastener receiving holes being larger in size than the top cable holes. The rail panel includes a second rail having a top wall, a bottom wall, a first side wall, a second side wall disposed opposite the first side wall, and an internal wall running a length of the second rail and extending from the first side wall to the second side wall. The top wall of the second rail defines a plurality of bottom cable holes disposed spaced apart along the length of the top wall of the second rail, and the bottom wall of the second rail defines a plurality of clip receiving holes spaced apart along the length of the bottom wall of the second rail, the clip receiving holes being larger in size than the bottom cable holes. The rail panel includes a plurality of vertical cables extending from the first rail to the second rail, a top end of each the plurality of vertical cables extending through a respective top cable hole, and a bottom end of each of the plurality of vertical cables extending through a respective bottom cable hole. The rail panel includes a plurality of threaded swage fittings, each coupled to a respective top end of one of the plurality of vertical cables, each threaded swage received between the pair of internal walls of the first rail such that the pair of internal walls prevent rotation of the threaded swage fitting, each of plurality of threaded swage fittings and each of the top cable holes being sized to prevent the threaded swage fitting from passing through the top cable hole. The rail panel includes a plurality of clip receiving swage fittings, each coupled to a respective bottom end of one of the plurality of vertical cables and sized to pass through the bottom cable holes. The rail panel includes a plurality of clips, each received by a respective clip receiving swage fitting, each clip and each bottom cable hole sized to prevent the clip from passing through the bottom cable hole. The rail panel includes a rigid support member extending from the first rail to the second rail.
In yet another embodiment, a rail panel includes a top rail having a bottom wall and a top wall, the top wall of the top rail defining a plurality of fastener receiving holes spaced apart along the length of the top rail, and the bottom wall of the top rail defining a plurality of top cable holes spaced apart along the length of the top rail. The rail panel includes a bottom rail having a top wall and a bottom wall, the top wall of the bottom rail defining a plurality of bottom cable holes disposed spaced apart along the length of the top wall of the bottom rail, and the bottom wall of the bottom rail defining a plurality of clip receiving holes spaced apart along the length of the bottom wall of the bottom rail. The rail panel includes a plurality of vertical cables extending from the top rail to the bottom rail, a top end of each the plurality of vertical cables extending through a respective top cable hole, and a bottom end of each of the plurality of vertical cables extending through a respective bottom cable hole. The rail panel includes a plurality of threaded swage fittings, each coupled to a respective top end of one of the plurality of vertical cables, a plurality of clip receiving swage fittings, each coupled to a respective bottom end of one of the plurality of vertical cables, and a plurality of clips, each received by a respective clip receiving swage fitting.
A more complete understanding of the method and apparatus of the present invention may be acquired by reference to the following Detailed Description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying Drawings wherein:
Reference is made to
The vertical cable rail panel 100 also includes a plurality of rigid support members 3 and a plurality of vertical cables 4 disposed spaced apart along the length of the rails 1, 2. The top rail 1 and the bottom rail 2 are spaced apart by the rigid support members 3 (extending between the top and bottom rail). In an embodiment, the rigid support members 3 are hollow tubular members having a desired cross-section including, for example, square, rectangular, circular, hexagonal, octagonal, or the like. In either case, a threaded opening may be provided at each end of the rigid support member 3 to accept a mounting bolt for attachment of the rigid support member 3 to the top and bottom rails 1, 2. According to an embodiment, a threaded female fitting may be received by the rigid support member 3 to accept the mounting bolt (see
In an embodiment, each of the top and bottom rails 1, 2 are extruded. According to some embodiments, the rails 1, 2 are extruded from aluminum or other suitable metal. Extrusion allows certain features such as internal horizontal and vertical walls to be formed in the rails 1, 2. An extruded blank having a specific cross section along its entire length can be formed and features may be added through drilling or other post-extrusion manufacturing processes. The features of the top and bottom rails 1, 2 that are either formed by extrusion or formed by post-extrusion metal forming processes facilitate attachment of the cables 4 and the rigid support member 3, as described herein. The cables 4 and rigid support members 3 are easily installed, the cables 4 are easily tensioned, and the cables 4 can be removed easily from the assembly. Alternatively, either the top rail 1 or the bottom rail 2 or both may be formed by a suitable forming process for metal or polymeric material other than extrusion.
The vertical cable rail panel 100 includes a plurality of vertical cables 4 that are spaced apart along the length of the rails 1, 2. The vertical cables 4 are formed of metal, for example, stainless steel. The vertical cables 4 may be of a wound, woven or solid (rod) type as desired and is to some degree flexible along its length. The vertical cables 4 bend when a compressive force is applied, but hold a vertical orientation when appropriately tensioned. A separate support structure 5, which may be referred to as an I-support, may be used to oppose sagging that might occur in a vertical cable rail panel 100 with a significant length. The vertical cable rail panel 100 may also include a cover 6 for the top rail 1 to conceal the hardware that would otherwise be visible. The cover 6 is received over the upper wall 15 of the top rail 1 to conceal the holes and the hardware including the tensioning nuts 7 that would otherwise be visible without the cover 6. According to certain embodiments, the cover 6 may be a U-channel configured to clip (e.g., snap, mate, etc.) over the top rail 1.
In some embodiments, the cover 6 may be in the form of an accent top rail (ATR). According to this embodiment, a plurality of spacers may be spaced apart along the length of the top rail 1. The spacers may be generally U-shaped brackets shaped to wrap around the top rail 1. The spacers may be secured to the top rail using fasteners received through lateral holes in the spacer that penetrate the side wall of the top rail 1. The ATR is then coupled (e.g., snapped, clipped) to the top rail and engages with the spacers. The cover 6 or the ATR configuration may be used depending on the strength and/or aesthetic requirements of the given vertical cable rail panel 100.
Reference is made to
According to an alternate embodiment, the internal walls 21, 23 may be portions of a separate part that is coupled to the top rail 1 (or the bottom rail 2). As such, the internal walls 21, 23 of the top rail 1 (or the bottom rail) may be formed by a separate bar that is configured to slide into the top rail. The separate bar may engage the top rail 1 to form a feature similar internal horizontal wall. The separate bar may also include vertical extensions that function similar to the internal vertical walls 23 and are configured to engage flanges of the threaded cable fitting to prevent rotation upon tightening the tensioning nut. This disclosure contemplates any suitable shape of the top rail 1 or the bottom rail 2 that functions to capture the threaded swage fitting and prevent it from rotating in a manner that would interfere with tensioning the cable 4.
The support member fastener holes 27, according to certain embodiments, also extend completely through the top rail 1 including through the internal horizontal wall 21 and the upper wall 15. The support member fastener hole 27 receives a fastener that is received in an upper end of the rigid support member 3 (see
A plurality fastener receiving holes 30 are formed in the upper wall 15 concentric and coaxial with the cable holes 25. The engagement of the cable 4 with the top rail 1 is shown in cross section along the longitudinal axis in
The engagement of the rigid support member 3 and the top rail 1 is shown in cross section taken along the longitudinal axis of the top rail 1 in
As shown in
Reference is made to
The bottom support member fastener holes 44 extend completely through the bottom rail 2 including through the internal horizontal wall 50. A bottom end of the rigid support member 3 is disposed in abutting engagement with the upper wall 40 of the bottom rail 2, as shown in
The bottom cable holes 46 extend completely through the bottom rail 2. The bottom cable holes 46 are large enough to allow the cable 4 and the clip receiving swage fitting 70 to pass through, but they restrict the clip 80 that is received through the hole 54 in the lower wall 52 and secured to the clip receiving swage fitting 70 from passing through the bottom cable holes 46.
Generally, the rail profiles of the top rail 1 and the bottom rail 2 can be the same. That is, they may be formed of an extruded blank having the same shape in cross section. However, the extruded blank that becomes the top rail 1 and the extruded blank that becomes the bottom rail may be fabricated differently post-extrusion in order to be configured to receive the various components (e.g., the cable 4, the rigid support member 3, and the various fittings as described herein).
The clip receiving swage fitting 70 that is secured to the end of the vertical cable 4 is received through the bottom cable hole 46 in the bottom rail 2 and the clip 80 is then clipped to the lower annular recess 78. The clip 80 is restricted from being drawn through the bottom cable hole 46 by the internal horizontal wall 50 of the bottom rail 2.
The cable 4 and the threaded fitting 60 are received through the fastener receiving holes 30. The flange portion 64 of the threaded fitting 60 is captured between the internal vertical walls 23. The tensioning nut 7 is threaded to the threaded fitting 60, and a washer 90 is compressed between the tensioning nut 7 and the internal horizontal wall 21. The cable hole 25 allows the cable 4 to extend therethrough, but it is not large enough for the threaded fitting 60 to pass through. The fastener receiving holes 30 are sized to receive the cable 4 and the threaded fitting 60 from the top wall 15 of the top rail 1. The cable 4 and the threaded fitting 60 are then captured, or positioned, via the tensioning nut 7.
The cable 4 is secured by swaging the clip receiving swage fitting 70 to the cable 4. Again, this swaging process may be completed prior to feeding the cable 4 through the rails 1, 2. The clip receiving swage fitting 70 extends through the upper wall 40 and the internal wall 50. The clip 80 is received through the bottom clip receiving hole 54 and clipped around the clip receiving swage fitting 70. The clip 80 maintains the cable 4 secured to the bottom rail 2. Tightening the tensioning nut 7 will increase tension the cable 4 because the clip 80 will apply an opposing force to the internal horizontal wall 50.
As illustrated in
Returning to the vertical cable rail panel 100, a method may be provided to assemble the vertical cable rail panel 100. The method may include having cables 4 pre-swaged with the threaded fitting 60 and the cable receiving fitting 70. In other words, the cable 4 is swaged prior to assembly of the vertical cable 4 with the top rail 1 and the bottom rail 2 to form the rail panel 100. The method includes feeding the vertical cable 4 through the top rail 1 and then through the bottom rail 2 via the receiving holes that are configured to receive the ends of the cable 4. The threaded fitting 60 is received through the fastener receiving holes 30. The pair of flanges 64 of the threaded fitting 60 is captured between the internal vertical walls 23 and the internal vertical walls 23 prevent rotation of the threaded fitting 60 when a tensioning nut 7, or any suitable threaded fastener, is threaded to the threads 68. For instance, the threaded fitting 60 may be turned 0.125 of an inch, and then further rotation is restricted by the internal vertical walls 23. The method further includes threading the tensioning nut 7 to the threaded fitting 60, and a washer 90 is compressed between the tensioning nut 7 and the internal horizontal wall 21. Thus, the tensioning nut 7 can be turned to tension the cables 4 without the threaded fitting 60 and the cable 4 rotating. The cable hole 25 allows the cable 4 to extend therethrough, but it is not large enough for the threaded fitting 60 to pass through, such that that swage, or threaded fitting 60 does not extend through the top rail 1.
The method further includes securing the cable 4 by feeding the cable 4 and the clip receiving swage fitting 70 through the holes in the bottom rail 2. The clip receiving swage fitting 70 is received through the upper wall 40 and the internal wall 50. The clip 80 is received through the bottom clip receiving hole 54 and clipped around the clip receiving swage fitting 70. The clip 80 maintains the cable 4 secured to the bottom rail 2. Tightening the tensioning nut 7 will increase tension the cable 4 because the clip 80 will apply a force to the internal horizontal wall 50. The threaded fitting 60 may include 0.25-0.5. inches of threading to allow for adjustability in the tension.
Although preferred embodiments of the method and apparatus of the present invention have been illustrated in the accompanying Drawings and described in the foregoing Detailed Description, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed, but is capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth and defined by the following claims.
As utilized herein with respect to numerical ranges, the terms “approximately,” “about,” “substantially,” and similar terms generally mean+/−10% of the disclosed values. When the terms “approximately,” “about,” “substantially,” and similar terms are applied to a structural feature (e.g., to describe its shape, size, orientation, direction, etc.), these terms are meant to cover minor variations in structure that may result from, for example, the manufacturing or assembly process and are intended to have a broad meaning in harmony with the common and accepted usage by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of this disclosure pertains. Accordingly, these terms should be interpreted as indicating that insubstantial or inconsequential modifications or alterations of the subject matter described and claimed are considered to be within the scope of the disclosure as recited in the appended claims.
The term “coupled” and variations thereof, as used herein, means the joining of two members directly or indirectly to one another. Such joining may be stationary (e.g., permanent or fixed) or moveable (e.g., removable or releasable). Such joining may be achieved with the two members coupled directly to each other, with the two members coupled to each other using a separate intervening member and any additional intermediate members coupled with one another, or with the two members coupled to each other using an intervening member that is integrally formed as a single unitary body with one of the two members. If “coupled” or variations thereof are modified by an additional term (e.g., directly coupled), the generic definition of “coupled” provided above is modified by the plain language meaning of the additional term (e.g., “directly coupled” means the joining of two members without any separate intervening member), resulting in a narrower definition than the generic definition of “coupled” provided above.
References herein to the positions of elements (e.g., “top,” “bottom,” “above,” “below”) are merely used to describe the orientation of various elements in the FIGURES. It should be noted that the orientation of various elements may differ according to other exemplary embodiments, and that such variations are intended to be encompassed by the present disclosure.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the vertical cable rail barriers as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Additionally, any element disclosed in one embodiment may be incorporated or utilized with any other embodiment disclosed herein.
This application claims priority from United States Provisional Application for Patent No. 62/962,601 filed Jan. 17, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference.
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Fortress Iron L.P. v. Digger Specialties, Inc., Cause No. 3:21-cv-00014-RLM-MGG in the U.S. District Court of Northern Dist. of Indiana, South Bend Div., Plaintiff's Rebuttal Expert Report of Dr. John D. Pratt to Defendant's Expert Report Regarding Invalidity of U.S. Pat. No. 9,790,707 and U.S. Pat. No. 10,883,290, dated Jun. 8, 2023; pp. 67. |
Fortress Iron L.P. v. Digger Specialties, Inc., Cause No. 3:21-cv-00014-RLM-MGG in the U.S. District Court of Northern Dist. of Indiana, South Bend Div., Exhibit A-Y to Plaintiff's Rebuttal Expert Report of Dr. John D. Pratt to Defendant's Expert Report Regarding Invalidity of U.S. Pat. No. 9,790,707 and U.S. Pat. No. 10,883,290, dated Jun. 8, 2023; pp. 270. |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20210222436 A1 | Jul 2021 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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62962601 | Jan 2020 | US |