Patent Application
20250010359
The invention relates to a feeder insert for use in metal casting in molds, comprising a feeder body which defines a feeder cavity for receiving liquid metal, the feeder body having a first end with a passage opening for the liquid metal and a second end opposite the first end, the feeder body comprising a central axis extending through the passage opening. The invention further relates to a method for production of such a feeder insert.
Feeder inserts are known in the prior art which are used for metal casting in molds. The feeder inserts are at least partially surrounded by a molding material used to produce the casting molds, such as molding sand. By means of the molding material surrounding the feeder insert, the feeder insert is held in a predetermined position within the casting mold or section of the casting mold. The feeder body thereby defines a feeder cavity within the feeder insert for receiving liquid metal used in casting. The feeder body comprises a first end with a passage opening for the liquid metal, which creates a connection to areas of a mold cavity of the mold part of the casting mold to be produced. A portion of the metal filled into the mold cavity of the casting mold during casting passes through the passage opening into the feeder cavity of the feeder insert. As the metal solidifies in the casting mold, the metal in the feeder cavity, which is kept in a liquid state, can flow back into the casting mold. In this way, shrinkage of the molded part can be compensated.
The feeder body has a second end opposite the first end through which the feeder cavity is closed. This forms an almost closed feeder cavity. In order to withstand the high pressures acting on the molding material used to produce the mold during the compacting process, feeder inserts which are variable in their overall height during compaction of the molding material to form a finished molded part are frequently used.
From the publication EP 1 184 104 A1 a feeder insert for use in metal casting is known, which has a feeder body and a feeder element, the feeder body and the feeder element being telescopically displaceable into one another section-wise. During the compacting process, the feeder body and the feeder element are thus moved relative to one another. This two-part feeder insert has proven itself in practice.
On the other hand a one-piece feeder insert is known from DE 20 2012 102 546 U1. This feeder insert differs from the above-described feeder insert according to EP 1 184 104 A1 in particular in that the feeder element and feeder body are formed in one piece, i.e. as a single piece. This is intended to prevent individual elements, namely in particular the holding elements of the feeder insert described in EP 1 184 104 A1, from breaking off and mixing with the molding sand. In addition, this is intended to simplify production.
Even though this feeder insert works as well, there is still a need to improve feeder inserts of the type mentioned above. In particular, there is a need to facilitate production of such a feeder insert and to improve the insulation effect. It has been shown that certain geometries, particularly those resembling a spherical shape, are best suited for keeping the liquid metal contained in the feeder cavity liquid at an elevated temperature for as long as possible. However, such feeder inserts can be manufactured only at great expense using conventional means, so that one object of the invention is to provide a remedy. A process for producing such a feeder is disclosed, for example, in DE 10 2015 115 437 A1.
For a feeder insert of the above mentioned type, the invention solves the object in that the feeder body is separated at least one partition plane extending in the direction of the central axis and in that the feeder body is formed from at least a first feeder shell and a second feeder shell, the first and second feeder shells being connected to each other to form the feeder body.
In a typical feeder essentially having a cylindrical shape, the central axis is the central axis of the cylindrical body. The central axis may be an axis of rotational symmetry, but this is not mandatory. The central axis extends through the passage opening and forms the central axis of the passage opening. This means that the central axis lies in the flow direction through the passage opening when the liquid metal enters and exits.
The feeder body is separated along at least one partition plane extending in the direction of the central axis. The partition plane may include the central axis or be offset parallel thereto. The feeder body may also be separated at two or more partition planes, which may be oriented at an angle to each other. In contrast to the feeder insert known, for example, from EP 1 184 104 A1, which is separated horizontally, the feeder insert according to the present invention is separated vertically. The feeder body is then formed by two or more feeder shells, namely in particular a first feeder shell and a second feeder shell. The feeder shells are assembled and joined together to form the feeder body, which then defines and borders the feeder cavity.
In this way, even a complex geometry of the feeder body can be easily produced by subdividing it into two or more feeder shells. In particular, the feeder body can comprise undercuts in the direction of the central axis, without the feeder cavity having to be formed internally by, for example, lost core technology or the like. Dividing the feeder shells into two vertically split halves further allows the feeder shells to be in other respects manufactured in one piece.
Connecting of the first and second feeder shells to each other may be by form-fit or substance-to-substance joining. For example, an adhesive may be applied to the first and second feeder shells, such as an adhesive dot, for example a hot melt adhesive dot. Since feeder inserts are loaded substantially in the direction of the central axis during use, the connection of the first and second feeder shells does not have to withstand particularly high forces.
In a first preferred embodiment, the first feeder shell comprises a first partition surface and the second feeder shell comprises a second partition surface corresponding to the first partition surface for connecting the first and second feeder shells to each other. The first and second partition surfaces are the surfaces by which the feeder shells are placed against each other to form the feeder body. The first and second partition surfaces may be substantially or completely flat. This is particularly preferred when the first and second feeder shells are bonded together, preferably by means of an adhesive.
In a preferred further embodiment, the first feeder shell comprises at least one first protrusion and at least one first recess and the second feeder shell comprises at least one second protrusion and a second recess, wherein the first protrusion engages the second recess and the second protrusion engages the first recess for connecting the first and second feeder shells. Preferably, the first and second protrusions and recesses are formed on the first and second partition surfaces. Alternatively, the first feeder shell may only have protrusions and the second feeder cup may only have recesses. For example, one or more first protrusions may be provided on the first partition surface and one or more first recesses corresponding to the first protrusions may be provided on the second partition surface. By means of the protrusions and recesses, the first and second feeder shells can be positively connected to each other. The protrusions and recesses therefore jointly form positive-locking elements for positively connecting the first and second feeder shells.
The protrusions and recesses can be designed such that the protrusions clamp in the corresponding recesses and thus the first and second feeder shells are held together solely due to this clamping. For this purpose, the protrusions may be formed with a slight oversize with respect to the corresponding recesses, generally conical or frustoconical, with clamping elements such as clamping ledges, clamping nubs or clamping ridges, and/or may have some kind of barb. Such a barb could also be formed of metal and arranged on the respective protrusion during the shooting of the respective feeder shell or subsequently. It is further possible to arrange clamping ring of some sort around one or more projections and/or in one or more of the recesses, which then enables the protrusion and recess to clamp together.
In a further preferred embodiment, the first and second feeder shells can be connected by means of one or more pins. For this purpose, the first and second feeder shells have corresponding first and second pin receptacles, which may be formed as blind holes or through holes, for example. A pin can then be arranged such that it extends into the corresponding holes and is held there by positive locking and/or force-fitting and/or substance-to-substance-jointing manner. A particularly simple solution is to use a wooden pin that is first placed in the pin receptacle in the first feeder shell, and that then enters into the second pin receptacle of the second feeder shell during joining with the second feeder shell. As an alternative to a wooden pin, a pin made of another material, preferably selected from molding compound, metal, plastic, paper, cardboard. The pin may be solid material or partially hollow.
Preferably, a spacing in a range of 20 mm or less, 15 mm or less, 10 mm or less, 5 mm or less, 3 mm or less is provided between each two adjacent protrusions or recesses. Intermediate ranges, preferably in 1 mm increments, are also provided. The protrusions or recesses are provided along the first and second partition surfaces. These then, also when engaging, form a barrier from the feeder cavity radially outward. If completely flat partition surfaces are provided, a gap may form between the abutting partition surfaces and form a straight passage from the interior of the feeder body to the radial exterior. In use, liquid metal can accumulate here, which may lead to so-called fins in the casting process. The engaging protrusions and recesses interrupt this and ensure that fins are short, namely only as long as the spacing between two adjacent protrusions or recesses. In addition, even better insulation is created since there is no direct passage between the two feeder shells.
According to a preferred embodiment, a section of 50% or less, 40% or less, 35% or less, 30% or less, measured along the central axis, is free of protrusions or recesses in total. The section free of protrusions or recesses is preferably selected to be as small as possible, so as to minimize a direct passage between the first and second feeder shells. The protrusions are preferably formed by not completely removing a material appendage of residual material passing through inlet openings of a core box in which the feeder shell was manufactured. Feeder inserts, and therefore also the feeder shells of the present invention, are shot from a molding material in so-called core boxes. Core boxes are boxes with a mold cavity into which the mold material is introduced, i.e. shot, by means of air pressure. Such core boxes generally have at least one, usually multiple, inlets to which so-called shot nozzles are connected in order to introduce the molding material. Since these inlets cannot be completely flush with the mold cavity, material appendages form there. By not completely removing these, the feeder shells have protrusions that can be used as protrusions within the scope of the present invention to positively connect the first and second feeder shells. This further simplifies the manufacturing process and may eliminate some or all of the work steps.
In order to hold the first and second feeder shells together in the connected state, a holding sleeve is preferably provided which partially or completely circumferentially surrounds the feeder body. This is particularly preferred if the feeder shells are only positively connected to one another, for example by engaging the protrusions and recesses. The holding sleeve is then preferably provided in order to secure the feeder shells to each other, so as to simplify transport and handling in use. It is particularly easy if the holding sleeve completely surrounds the feeder body. However the holding sleeve may only partially surround the feeder body and corresponding holders may be provided on the first and second feeder shells for this purpose.
Preferably, the holding sleeve is formed as: Paper sleeve, plastic sleeve, elastomer sleeve, rubber sleeve, metal sleeve, holding sleeve formed from renewable materials, holding sleeve formed from a substantially residue-free combustible material, or combinations thereof. A paper sleeve may either be a single piece or formed as a paper strip closed by means of an adhesive bond or attached to the feeder body by means of an adhesive bond, as is known, for example, from beverage bottle labels. A plastic sleeve can particularly be formed as a plastic film, in order to use as little material as possible. Elastomer and rubber sleeves are preferably designed as bands which, when under tension, surround the feeder body, preferably completely.
A metal sleeve or a plastic sleeve can be designed as a single-piece or multi-piece, open or closed ring or partial ring. A closed metal or plastic ring can, for example, simply be slipped onto the assembled feeder shells from above to secure them against each other. Alternatively, a metal ring in the fashion of a hose clamp can be used to secure the two feeder shells against each other. An open ring, which may for example be substantially C-shaped, can be slid over the first and second feeder shells transverse to the central axis in the manner of a clamp. Such a partial ring may also be formed of other materials having sufficient tension to hold the first and second feeder shells together.
A holding sleeve made of renewable materials can in turn be substantially similar to a paper sleeve and, for example, be formed from a fibrous material, such as hemp. The holding sleeve, also one of the type mentioned above, is preferably designed to be substantially residue-free combustible. This enables the molding sand in the casting mold to be kept free of debris.
For better retention of the holding sleeve, a circumferential recess for receiving the holding sleeve can be provided on the feeder body. The circumferential recess thus extends on the first and second feeder shells and can be formed, for example, as a circumferential groove. Alternatively, a retaining ridge may be provided which extends circumferentially on the feeder body and prevents the retaining collar from slipping down in at least one of the axial directions of the feeder body.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeder cavity comprises at least one undercut. The term undercut preferably refers to the passage opening from which a mold core would have to be removed if the feeder body were manufactured in one piece. Preferably, the undercut is to be understood in the direction of the central axis. Preferably, the feeder cavity is part-spherical or spherical. It has been found that due to the particularly advantageous ratio of surface area to volume, a spherical shape results in a particularly long temperature sustainability in the liquid metal received in the feeder cavity. The less favorable this ratio is, i.e. the smaller the ratio of volume to surface area, the sooner the liquid metal received in the feeder cavity cools down and can then no longer compensate sufficiently for shrinkage of the molded part during casting. Such a mold necessitates a small passage opening in relation to the feeder cavity, which starting from outside the feeder body widens inside the feeder body, i.e. in the feeder cavity. This in turn causes an undercut. According to the present invention, such a feeder body can be formed from two feeder shells. These feeder shells are thereby preferably free of undercuts and in this way easy to manufacture. For example, a partial spherical shape of a feeder cavity can be formed by two feeder shells which in turn define a hemisphere of the part-spherical shape in the interior and are thus each separately free of undercuts and thus easy to manufacture.
In a preferred further development, the feeder body tapers towards the passage opening and thereby defines a feeder neck. Preferably, the feeder body tapers towards the passage opening in a substantially frustoconical shape if the passage opening is circular. However, the passage opening may also be elongated so that the feeder body then tapers correspondingly to resemble an elongated cone. Through this, a notch is to be formed which, after solidification of the metal, facilitates removal of the feeder insert together with any metal which may then have hardened therein.
In a further preferred embodiment, the feeder body comprises at least one circumferential weak section which divides the feeder body into a base section having the passage opening and an along the central axis coaxial cap section, so that the feeder body is breakable in the weak section when a force is applied in the direction of the central axis, wherein the base section and the cap section are telescopically displaceable into one another section wise. Through this, a feeder insert of a telescope-type can be formed. The base section with the passage opening is fixedly arranged on the mold or the mold box. When molding sand is filled into the mold, the pressure on the feeder body increases so that the cap section, which is arranged vertically above the base section in a conventional orientation of the feeder insert, is pressed down. The feeder body breaks in the weak section and the cap section moves downward. In this case, either the base section can plunges into the cap section or the cap section plunges into the base section. In the simplest case, the base section plunges into the cap section. To this purpose, it is desirable that the base section has an outer diameter that is slightly smaller than or equal to an inner diameter of the cap section. The weak section may be formed as a section of reduced wall thickness, a section of multiple perforations, a clamp between separately formed base and cap sections, or otherwise frangible connection.
In a further embodiment, a metallic attachment having a collar extending in the direction of the central axis is arranged on the feeder body around the passage opening. Such a metallic attachment can also be referred to as a breaker core and serves to further constrict the metal at the point of attachment between the feeder insert and the mold. The collar reduces the attachment area of the feeder insert, which further facilitates placement of the feeder insert on a mold. The metallic attachment is further usable to secure the first and second feeder shells to each other. For this purpose, the metallic attachment preferably at least partially radially surrounds the first and second feeder shells to secure their connection.
It is further preferred that the first and second feeder shells are substantially identically formed. They may also be completely identically formed. By arranging the protrusions and recesses accordingly, it is possible to use identical parts and it is not necessary to provide two different molds to form the two feeder shells. In addition, assembly is simplified in this way.
By providing at least one recess as a receptacle for a centering pin tip on the feeder body, the positional stability or a desired alignment respectively of the feeder insert relative to a mold model or pattern plate accommodating the feeder insert can be maintained in a facilitated manner. Furthermore, by means of the recess provided on the feeder body, guidance of the feeder body or of the cap element is achieved during the compression process of the molding material forming the mold, during which the cap element is to be moved relative to the base element and thus also to the centering pin.
In a preferred further development, the centering pin recess has an insertion chamfer oriented toward the feeder cavity. This is particularly advantageous for feeder bodies designed as ball feeders. The insertion chamfer allows the centering pin to enter the recess more easily, and chipping or breaking away of material around the recess can be prevented. Chipped material could otherwise contaminate liquid metal to be received in the feeder, which can cause component quality to suffer. In particular, this facilitates robot-guided placement of the feeder insert.
According to a preferred further development of the invention, the feeder body at least section-wise comprises an exothermic heating mass. With the aid of such an exothermic heating mass, the solidification behavior of the liquid metal within the feeder cavity can be specifically influenced. The more exothermic mass the feeder body consists of or comprises, the longer the liquid metal in the feeder insert can be kept liquid by the exothermic heating mass and the longer the process of feeding into the casting is possible. Preferably, the feeder body is equipped with such an exothermic heating mass at certain points or section-wise.
Preferably, the feeder insert has a modulus in a range of about 0.5 cm to 9 cm, preferably from about 1.2 cm to 2.6 cm. The specified ratio of 0.5 cm to about 9 cm between volume and heat-emitting surface area preferably indicates the feeder inserts by means of which good seal feeding of a cast part to be produced can be achieved. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the modulus of the feeder insert according to the invention lies in the range of about 1.2 to 2.6 cm.
In a further embodiment, the feeder insert comprises a metallic attachment which is arranged on the feeder body surrounding the passage opening and connects the first feeder shell and the second feeder shell to each other. The feeder shells can be held together only by the metallic attachment, or the metallic attachment is provided additionally. The metallic attachment is preferably formed from one piece, for example by deep drawing.
Preferably, the metallic attachment comprises at least one first latching element and the feeder body comprises at least one second latching element corresponding to the first latching element, such that the metallic attachment can be latched to the feeder body. For example, the metallic attachment comprises a projection that can positively engage a latching recess formed on the feeder body. Particularly preferably, the metallic attachment can be fastened to the feeder body in the manner of a bayonet catch.
According to a preferred embodiment, a feeder insert for use in metal casting in vertically separable casting molds is provided, wherein the feeder body is adapted for positioning by means of a centering pin positionable along a centering axis, and wherein the feeder cavity is configured such that a predominant volume portion of the feeder cavity is positionable above the centering axis when the centering axis is arranged horizontally. In a preferred embodiment, a corresponding feeder insert according to the invention can be used as a side feeder, with the aid of which, critical areas of the casting mold located in a side area of the casting mold can be refed instead of conventional density feeding on a casting mold, from its top side. According to a preferred embodiment of the inventive feeder insert, the feeder body is asymmetrical with respect to the central axis of the feeder body, which is defined by the passage opening on the feeder body or a centering pin projecting through the passage opening into the feeder cavity.
According to one embodiment of the inventive feeder insert, an asymmetrical design of the feeder cavity, with respect to the central axis of the feeder body is achieved by a non-uniform design of the feeder body on one side of the central axis. For a corresponding seal-feeding with such a feeder insert, the feeder insert is positioned with a preferred direction on a mold model or on a pattern plate. In a further embodiment the feeder body has an odd number of material webs on its inner side defining the feeder cavity, such that a larger number of material webs is arranged below the centering axis than above the centering axis when the centering axis is arranged horizontally.
In a further preferred embodiment, the feeder body is formed from exothermic feeder material or at least section-wise comprises exothermic feeder material. Alternatively or additionally, the feeder body is formed of insulating feeder material or at least section-wise comprises insulating feeder material. Alternatively or additionally, the feeder body is formed of or comprises a material selected from the group consisting of metals, plastics, paperboards, mixtures thereof, and composites thereof.
The use of exothermic feeder material achieves a high level of economy efficiency and, in particular, good seal-feeding during the casting process, since the metal in the feeder insert can be kept in the liquid state for a comparatively long period by the exothermic feeder material. However, a molding sand bonded with a binder, in particular quartz sand, can also be used as the feeder material. Frequently, however, an exothermic material is preferably used to form at least parts of the mold elements. Certain portions of the feeder insert may be formed of different materials having different properties (exothermic or insulating). Alternatively, the feeder body may be formed from a homogeneous mixture of materials with exothermic or insulating components.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a feeder core according to any of the preferred embodiments described above, comprising the steps of: shooting a first feeder shell in a core box; shooting a second feeder shell in the or a core box; and connecting the first and second feeder shells to form a feeder body. Shooting the first and second feeder shells in the or a core box may also occur simultaneously or substantially simultaneously. The first and second feeder shells may also be formed in the same shot mold one after the other or sequentially respectively. This is particularly preferred when the first and second feeder shells are formed substantially identical. As described above, connecting the first and second feeder shells to form the feeder body can be carried out both by positive-locking and by substance-to-substance-jointing.
The method preferably further comprises the step of: forming at least a first protrusion on the first feeder shell by not or not completely removing a material appendix formed by an inlet opening of the core box. It may be provided that the material appendix is partially removed or partially or fully smoothed in order to form the protrusion. Alternatively, a protrusion may be separately and additionally formed on the feeder shell.
It is further preferred that the method comprises: Arranging a holding sleeve circumferentially about the first and second feeder shells. On the one hand, arranging the holding sleeve may comprise putting an already formed holding sleeve over the feeder body approximately coaxially with the central axis. In this respect, the step of arranging a holding sleeve circumferentially about the first and second feeder shells preferably also comprises the step of: fabricating or providing a holding sleeve. As described above, the holding sleeve may be formed of various materials. However, the step of arranging the holding sleeve circumferentially about the first and second feeder shells may also comprise manufacturing the holding sleeve. For example, it is conceivable and preferred that a strip of paper is wrapped around the first and second feeder shells that are already connected to each other, and that the holding sleeve is fabricated in this manner when the holding sleeve is arranged around the first and second feeder shells. In this case, arranging the holding sleeve about the first and second feeder shells includes wrapping a material around the first and second feeder shells and thus around the central axis.
In a further embodiment, connecting the first and second feeder shells comprises inserting a pin into at least one pin receptacle, the pin preferably being formed from molding compound, metal, plastic or paper or cardboard respectively. The pin is preferably formed such that it can be inserted into molded holes or pin receptacles and thus firmly connects the two feeder shells to one another after pressing. Multiple pins may be provided as well.
Embodiments of the invention are now described below with reference to the drawings. These are not necessarily intended to show the embodiments to scale; rather, where useful for explanation, the drawings are in schematized and/or slightly distorted form. With regard to additions to the teachings directly recognizable from the drawings, reference is made to the relevant prior art. It should be understood that various modifications and changes concerning the shape and detail of an embodiment can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. The features of the invention disclosed in the description, in the drawings as well as in the claims may be essential for the further development of the invention considered alone or in combination. Further, all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the description, the drawings and/or the claims fall within the scope of the invention. The invention is not limited to the exact form or detail of the preferred embodiments shown and described below, or limited to any subject matter that would be limited as compared to the subject matter of the claims. In the case of specific ranges, values within the specified limits are also intended to be disclosed as limiting values and to be capable of being used and claimed as desired. For the sake of simplicity, identical reference signs are used below for identical or similar parts or parts with identical or similar function.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments and from the drawings; which show in:
In the embodiment shown in
The feeder body 2 further comprises a central axis Z, which in
The feeder insert 1 or the feeder body 2 respectively is split vertically and each of the feeder shells 18, 20 can be produced separately. In this way, even such complex shapes as shown in
The first feeder shell 18 has a first partition surface 19 and the second feeder shell 20 has a second partition surface 21. The first and second partition surfaces 19, 21 are configured to abut each other when the feeder shells 18, 20 are assembled together. Three protrusions are provided on the first partition surface 19 of the first feeder shell 18, namely a first protrusion 22a, another first protrusion 22b and a third first protrusion 22c. In addition, the first partition surface 19 of the first feeder shell 18 further comprises a first recess 23a, another first recess 23b, and a third first recess 23c. The second feeder shell 20 or also the second partition surface 21 respectively corresponds with the first feeder shell 18 or the first partition surface 19 and has a second protrusion 24a, a further second protrusion 24b as well as a third second protrusion 24c. It further comprises a second recess 25a, a further second recess 25b, and a third second recess 25c. As can be readily seen from
The first and second feeder shells 18, 20 of the first embodiment (
The protrusions 22a-22c, 24a-24c and recesses 23a-23c, 25a-25c act together as positive locking elements by means of which the first and second feeder shells 18, 20 can be joined together. In the example embodiment shown in
The various protrusions 22a-22c, 24a-24c and recesses 23a-23c, 25a-25c are arranged on the first and second partition surfaces 19, 21 such that a distance A between adjacent ones of these elements (cf.
Furthermore, the feeder insert 1 according to the present example embodiment is formed as a so-called tele-feeder and comprises a weak section 30 at which the feeder body 2 can be broken and compressed. This is shown in particular with reference to
When the feeder insert 1 is encased in molding sand 36, as shown in
The base portion 32 is also slightly conical in shape. It tapers toward the passage opening 8 both on its exterior 38 and on its inner surface 40. In this way, a constriction can be formed so that solidified metal located in the feeder cavity 4 after completion of the casting process can be knocked off easily. The taper serves to create a notch with a notch effect. In addition, the taper, in particular the taper on the exterior 38, provides a smaller footprint for the feeder insert 1.
Although the example embodiment shown in
A major difference from the first embodiment is that the feeder cavity 4′ is formed part-spherical. The feeder body 2′ is again formed from two feeder shells 18′, 20′, of which, only one feeder shell 18′ is shown in
The geometry of the feeder body 2′ differs from that of the first embodiment (
A spherical shape is a particularly preferred, since a sphere has a particularly preferred surface area to volume ratio. In this way, the temperature of the metal received in the feeder cavity 4 can be kept high and it remains liquid for a longer time than in other geometries.
The feeder body 2′ of the second embodiment (
A third embodiment shown in
In contrast to the second embodiment (
The protruding collar 44 serves to space the feeder body 2′ somewhat apart from the pattern plate 14 and at the same time to reduce the contact area. Here, the inner diameter of the collar 44 corresponds essentially to the outer diameter of the centering pin 12. In all other respects, the feeder body 2′ corresponds to that of the third embodiment (
In this case, the feeder insert 1″, which is formed as a side feeder, is also formed as a so-called tele-feeder. It also comprises a weakened area 30 as well as a base portion 32 and a cap portion 34, whereby an outer diameter of the base portion 32 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the cap portion 34.
As can be inferred from
In
A first difference from the example embodiment of
The same type of connection between the metallic attachment 42 and the feeder body 102, 102′ is also provided in the example embodiment of
Another difference in the sixth embodiment (
According to the embodiment shown herein, a chamfer 150 is further provided in the lower region of the feeder body 102, specifically at the base portion 32. It has been shown in experiments that in embodiments as shown in
Furthermore, it is provided in the sixth example embodiment of
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2021 104 435.9 | Feb 2021 | DE | national |
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/547,376, filed Aug. 22, 2023, which is a § 371 national stage entry of International Application No. PCT/EP2022/054539, filed on Feb. 23, 2022, which claims priority to German Patent Application No. 10 2021 104 435.9, filed on Feb. 24, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 18547376 | Aug 2023 | US |
| Child | 18772954 | US |
