The present invention relates to a vibration damper suitably used as an engine mount or the like, having a cylindrical body, a core member disposed on one side of the cylindrical body on the central axis thereof to be coaxial with the cylindrical body, and a truncated-cone-shaped main rubber body for combining the cylindrical body with the core member, and adapted to absorb vibrations in the central axis direction inputted from a member on the vibration-generation side primarily by shearing deformation of the main rubber body, to function to prevent the inputted vibrations from being transmitted to a member on the vibration-transmission side. The present invention proposes in particular a technique for effectively suppressing what is called a “surging phenomenon” possibly occurring in the main rubber body provided between the cylindrical body and the core member when the vibration damper is in use, to ensure that the vibration damper can constantly demonstrate good vibration-damping performance as desired.
Such a vibration damper as described above is often used in a state where the cylindrical body and the core member thereof are mounted to a member on the engine side and a member on the vehicle body side, respectively. In this case, the main rubber body firmly attached to the rigid cylindrical body and the rigid core member, respectively, constitutes a spring-mass system including the rubber as a “spring” and the weight of the rubber as “mass” when vibrations inputted from the member on the engine side is absorbed by elastic deformation of the main rubber body. In a case where a vibration having natural oscillation frequency, e.g. frequency around 1000 Hz, is inputted, self-excited vibration of the main rubber body occurs to rapidly increase amplification thereof, thereby resulting in hard spring characteristics (what is called a “surging phenomenon”) and making it impossible for the vibration damper to demonstrate good vibration-damping performance as desired.
In order to address such a surging phenomenon as described above, Patent Literature 1 proposes providing a ring member having density of 2 g/cm3 or more and hardness Hs of 80 or below in the central region of an outer surface of the main rubber body such that the ring member extends along the entire periphery of the central region. Patent Literature 1 states that, as a result of this, the natural oscillation frequency of the main rubber body itself changes due to an increase in weight of the main rubber body including the ring member, thereby successfully preventing such a self-excited vibration of the main rubber body as described above from occurring. Patent Literature 1 also states that change in elasticity characteristics of the main rubber body, as well as concentration of stress on the main rubber body, which are caused by constraint exerted on the main rubber body by the ring member, can be suppressed by forming the ring member by a rubber elastic body having relatively low hardness. However, the weight of the entire apparatus inevitably increases in the vibration damper of Patent Literature 1, thereby causing a new problem that fuel consumption rate of the vehicle deteriorates when the vibration damper is used as an engine mount in particular.
PTL 1: JP-A 10-267069
The present invention aims at solving such problems of the prior art as described above and an object thereof is to provide a vibration damper capable of effectively preventing a surging phenomenon from occurring without increasing weight of the vibration damper, to ensure that the vibration damper can demonstrate vibration performances as desired.
Through a numerical analysis by FEM (Finite Element Method), the inventors of the present invention has keenly studied behaviors when vibration are inputted, of such a truncated-cone-shaped elastic body as the main rubber body described above having an outer surface protruding on one side in the central axis direction in a vertical cross section thereof. As a result of the study, the inventors discovered that i) peak values at resonance frequencies of respective orders, of dynamic spring constant of an elastic body, can be significantly decreased, as compared with an elastic body constituted of a single type of elastic component and ii) frequencies at which peaks occur of the dynamic spring constant can be shifted on either the higher-frequency side or the lower-frequency side than the resonance frequency, by constituting the truncated-cone-shaped elastic body of two types of elastic components having different rubber hardness values and firmly fixed to each other at plural positions on respective peripheries thereof.
Then, the inventors of the present invention assumed that surging should be effectively prevented from occurring by applying these discoveries to a vibration damper.
A vibration damper of the present invention based on the aforementioned findings comprises: a cylindrical body; a core member disposed on one side of the cylindrical body on the central axis thereof to be coaxial with the cylindrical body; and a main rubber body for connecting an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body over the entire circumference thereof to the core member, wherein an outer surface of the main rubber body is formed to have a truncated cone-like shape protruding toward the core member in a vertical cross section including the central axis of the main rubber body, the vibration damper is adapted to absorb, primarily by shearing deformation of the main rubber body, vibrations inputted in the central axis direction from a member on the vibration-generation side, so that the inputted vibrations are prevented from being transmitted to a member on the vibration-transmission side, and the main rubber body is constituted of two types of rubber elastic bodies having different rubber hardness values in the range of, e.g. JIS A hardness 45 to 60, and firmly and integrally attached to each other over the circumference of the cylindrical body.
Difference in rubber hardness between the two types of rubber elastic bodies is preferably within the range of 4 to 15 in JIS A hardness in the present invention. “JIS A hardness” represents durometer hardness determined by a durometer hardness test using a type-A durometer as prescribed by JIS K6253 in the present invention.
Further, in the present invention, in a case where the main rubber body for connecting an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body over the entire circumference thereof to the core member is constituted of a hard rubber portion and a soft rubber portion continuous to each other in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body, the hard rubber portion preferably occupies 25% of the total circumferential area where hard rubber and soft rubber are disposed in the main rubber body.
Specifically, the numerical analysis summarized in
It is clearly understood from
It is assumed that the aforementioned phenomenon occurs in the elastic bodies of FIGS. E3A to 3F because one elastic component having rubber hardness of 45 and another elastic component having rubber hardness of 55, integrally and firmly attached to each other to constitute an elastic body, exhibit different behaviors in terms of magnitude of amplification and phase when vibrations are inputted, thereby suppressing each other's amplification of vibration.
More specifically, according to the results shown in
Further, it is understood from the results shown in
The aforementioned analysis results reveal that, according to the vibration damper of the present invention, it is possible to significantly decrease peak values of dynamic spring constant of the main rubber body itself and shift peak-generating frequencies of the main rubber body toward either the higher-frequency side or the lower-frequency side than the input vibration frequency which causes surging in the conventional vibration damper, while ensuring good static spring characteristics required of, e.g. an engine mount, thereby effectively preventing a surging phenomenon from occurring without increasing weight of the vibration damper due to additional provision of an extra member thereon, by constituting the main rubber body for connecting an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body to the core member, of two types of rubber elastic bodies having different rubber hardness values and firmly and integrally attached to each other over the circumference of the cylindrical body.
In this regard, it is possible by setting difference in rubber hardness between the two types of rubber elastic bodies to be within the range of 4 to 15 in JIS A hardness to achieve in a well compatible manner both an effect of decreasing peak values of dynamic spring constant of the main rubber body and an effect by the main rubber body of suppressing vibrations inputted thereto, which effects are caused by forming the main rubber body by two different types of rubber elastic bodies.
In other words, when the aforementioned difference in rubber hardness is less than 4 in JIS A hardness, an effect of decreasing peak values of dynamic spring constant of the main rubber body, which effect is caused by the difference in rubber hardness, may not be sufficiently demonstrated when vibrations are inputted because the difference in rubber hardness is too small, thereby possibly resulting in a surging phenomenon depending on inputted vibrations. When the aforementioned difference in rubber hardness exceeds 15 in JIS A hardness, one of the two types of rubber elastic bodies has too small or too high rubber hardness, whereby inputted vibrations may not be adequately absorbed by shearing deformation of the main rubber body.
The aforementioned numerical analysis revealed that an elastic body constituted of a hard elastic component portion and a soft elastic component portion continuous to each other in the circumferential direction as shown in
One embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the drawings.
A vibration damper according to the one embodiment of the present invention is shown in
It should be noted that inner and outer contour configurations of a transverse cross section of the cylindrical body may be polygonal (not shown in the drawings).
An outer surface of the main rubber body 3 is formed to have, e.g. a truncated cone-like shape protruding toward the core member 2 in a vertical cross section like
The vibration damper can be used by mounting the cylindrical body 1 to one of a member on the vibration-generation side and a member on the vibration-transmission side and mounting the core member 2 to the other of these members, so that the vibration damper functions to absorb vibrations inputted in the vertical direction in
In the present embodiment, the main rubber body 3 firmly attached to an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 1 and the core member 2, respectively, constitutes a spring-mass system including the rubber as a “spring” and the weight of the rubber as “mass”. When a vibration having frequency close to the natural oscillation frequency of the spring-mass system, e.g. frequency around 1000 Hz, is inputted to the vibration damper, self-excited vibration of the main rubber body 3 may occur to rapidly increase amplification and dynamic spring constant thereof, i.e. possibly resulting a surging phenomenon. In the present invention, to address this surging problem, the main rubber body 3 is constituted of two types of rubber elastic bodies having different rubber hardness values, e.g. two types of rubber elastic bodies 3a, 3b having high rubber hardness and low rubber hardness, respectively, which are firmly attached to each other in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body 1 as shown in a transverse cross sectional view of
As a result of the unique structure of the main rubber body described above, as is known from the analysis results shown in
The vibration damper as described above can be manufactured by: first disposing a cylindrical body and a core member, respectively, in a mold in the opened state; closing the mold; injecting two types of crude rubbers each in a viscous-fluid state from two injection ports, respectively, into a cavity formed inside the mold to fill the cavity therewith; and vulcanizing the crude rubbers (the processes are not shown in the drawings).
The rubber elastic body 3a having high rubber hardness and the rubber elastic body 3b having low rubber hardness of the main rubber body 3 are integrally and firmly attached to each other in the vibration damper manufactured as described above.
The main rubber body 3 shown in
It is also possible to constitute the main rubber body, of two different types of rubber elastic bodies, by disposing six or more sector-shaped rubber elastic bodies (i.e. at least three sector-shaped rubber elastic bodies of one type of elastic component and at least three sector-shaped rubber elastic bodies of the other type of elastic component) in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body (not shown in the drawings).
According to the vibration damper as shown in
Percentage of a circumferential area occupied by the hard rubber and percentage of a circumferential area occupied by the soft rubber with respect to the total circumferential area where the elastic components are disposed in the main rubber body 3 are both 50% in the example of the vibration damper shown in
The liquid sealed-in type vibration damper shown in
Such a liquid sealed-in type vibration damper as described above can effectively prevent surging due to self-excited vibration of the main rubber body 33 from occurring, by constituting the main rubber body 33 of two types of rubber elastic bodies 33a, 33b having different rubber hardness values and firmly attached to each other in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body 31, because then the two types of rubber elastic bodies 33a, 33b function to suppress each other's vibration when vibrations are externally inputted.
1, 31 Cylindrical body
2, 32 Core member
3, 13, 23, 33 Main rubber body
3
a,
3
b,
13
a-13d, 33a, 33b Rubber elastic body
23
a Hard rubber
23
b Soft rubber
34 Diaphragm
35 Passage-constituting member
36 Membrane
37 Sectioning wall
38, 39 Liquid chamber
40 Restricted passage
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2011-053359 | Mar 2011 | JP | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/JP2012/053893 | 2/13/2012 | WO | 00 | 9/5/2013 |