Patent Grant
10458077
The present invention relates to the field of light equipment for use in compaction and more particularly vibratory plate compactors.
In construction, sand, gravel, mixtures of same and other coarse particulate materials (generally referred to as “aggregate”) are used as base material (at times herein referred to as “soil”) to provide a stable foundation for an overlying feature, for example a concrete feature (e.g., a footing or slab), pavers etc.
When used, base material is generally compacted so as to reduce later settling/subsidence. It is also generally desirable to make the top surface of the base material flat and/or level, for example so as to be parallel to the top surface of a planar overlying feature. For example, a poured concrete slab gains strength and integrity from being uniform in thickness. To achieve this in the case of a slab poured on ground, the top of the base material must be made parallel to the planned top surface of the concrete slab. As well, making the ground parallel to the planned top surface of a concrete slab optimizes (in terms of cost) the amount of concrete used to make the slab.
Vibratory plate compactors are often used to compact base material. A vibratory plate compactor has a vibratory plate, an exciter component, a spring decoupling component and an upper mass comprising a motor (e.g. internal combustion engine) as a source of power to drive the exciter component, a cover and a structural frame. The exciter component is connected between the vibratory plate and the drive output of the motor, and the spring decoupling component is connected between the vibratory plate and the upper mass to permit the vibratory plate to vibrate relative to the upper mass. Typically, a plate compactor is configured such that the vibration tends to propel, or to assist in propelling, the compactor in a forward direction, while permitting the operator to move the plate compactor in the reverse direction or in other directions (e.g., side to side).
In many construction situations, when it is desirable to make the top surface of the base material flat and/or level, the ground is initially made roughly level/flat through the use of larger construction equipment. In most cases, the leveling achieved thereby is inadequate as there remain high and low spots that deviate from the desired plane.
Thus, when using a vibratory plate compactor to compact base material, it is usually necessary to hand level the base material, for example by using a landscaping rake or other such implement to remove base material from areas higher than the desired plane and apply base material to other areas lower than the desired plane. This is generally accomplished with a second worker while the compaction operation takes place.
The iterative process of compacting and leveling is time consuming because it requires repeated passes of compaction each time base material is moved from one location to another. It is also labour-intensive because the raking process generally involves removing base material from a high spot that has already been compacted.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a compactor for compacting soil, and having a vibratory plate and an upper mass connected to the vibratory plate and configured to provide vibrational movement of the vibratory plate relative to the upper mass, and having an operator handle for use in the directional control of the compactor, the improvement including: a grading blade mounted to the compactor; and an adjustment means for upward and downward adjustment of the grading blade.
The grading blade may be mounted to the upper mass via a mounting assembly including: two double-spar assemblies, one double-spar assembly on one side of the upper mass and the other double-spar assembly on an opposed side of the upper mass, each double-spar assembly including: an upper spar pivotally connected to the upper mass at an upper spar mass pivot and pivotally connected to the grading blade at an upper spar blade pivot; and a lower spar pivotally connected to the upper mass at a lower spar mass pivot and pivotally connected to the grading blade at an upper spar blade pivot, wherein each upper spar mass pivot, upper spar blade pivot, lower spar mass pivot and upper spar blade pivot, has a pivot axis and the pivot axes of one double-spar assembly are aligned with the pivot axes of the other double-spar assembly.
The grading blade has a front face and a tilt, the tilt being a general angular orientation of the front face relative to an imaginary plane defined by the vibratory plate; and the pivot axes may be located such that the pivot axes intersect an imaginary plane normal to the pivot axes, at locations substantially defining the four corners of a parallelogram, whereby, the tilt remains substantially the same through a range of available upward and downward adjustment of the grading blade.
The adjustment means may include a control device mounted to the operator handle and an interconnection between the control device and the grading blade. The interconnection between the control device and the grading blade may be a control cable.
The operator handle may be pivotally connected to the upper mass and the adjustment means may include a linkage between the operator handle and the grading blade, whereby pivoting the operator handle relative to the upper mass in one direction adjusts the grading blade upward and pivoting the operator handle relative to the upper mass in the other direction adjusts the grading blade downward.
The grading blade may be one of a straight blade, a serrated blade, a contained blade and a bucket blade. The grading blade may be pivotally mounted to one of the upper mass and the vibratory plate.
The compactor may be configured for use with a rotary laser level, wherein the compactor includes a sensor/display component having: a substantially vertical linear array of laser sensors; and a display configured to indicate whether a laser sensed by the laser sensors is above, below or sensed by a specified laser sensor.
The sensor/display component may be mounted to the grading blade; and the grading blade may be mounted to the upper mass via a mounting assembly including: two double-spar assemblies, one double-spar assembly on one side of the upper mass and the other double-spar assembly on an opposed side of the upper mass, each double-spar assembly including: an upper spar pivotally connected to the upper mass at an upper spar mass pivot and pivotally connected to the grading blade at an upper spar blade pivot; and a lower spar pivotally connected to the upper mass at a lower spar mass pivot and pivotally connected to the grading blade at an upper spar blade pivot, wherein each upper spar mass pivot, upper spar blade pivot, lower spar mass pivot and upper spar blade pivot, has a pivot axis and the pivot axes of one double-spar assembly are aligned with the pivot axes of the other double-spar assembly, the grading blade has a front face and a tilt, the tilt being a general angular orientation of the front face relative to an imaginary plane defined by the vibratory plate; and the pivot axes are located such that the pivot axes intersect an imaginary plane normal to the pivot axes, at locations substantially defining the four corners of a parallelogram, whereby: the tilt remains substantially the same through a range of available upward and downward adjustment of the grading blade; and the vertical array of laser sensors remains in a substantially consistent vertical orientation through the range of available upward and downward adjustment of the grading blade.
The adjustment means may include: a motor configured to effect upward and downward adjustment of the grading blade; and a receiver interconnected with the motor and configured for instructing the motor to effect upward and downward adjustment of the grading blade responsive to received signals.
The compactor may also include a remote control/transmitter, wherein the received signals are transmitted by the remote control/transmitter. The compactor may be configured for use with a rotary laser level, wherein: the receiver includes a substantially vertical linear array of laser sensors; and the received signals are sensed lasers, wherein in use: if a sensed laser is above a specified laser sensor, the receiver instructs the motor to make an upward adjustment of the grading blade; and if a sensed laser is below a specified laser sensor, the receiver instructs the motor to make a downward adjustment of the grading blade.
The grading blade has a front face and a tilt, the tilt being a general angular orientation of the front face relative to an imaginary plane defined by the vibratory plate, and the compactor may also include a tilt adjustment mechanism.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a compactor for compacting soil, and having a vibratory plate, an upper mass connected to the vibratory plate and an operator handle, and configured to provide vibrational movement of the vibratory plate relative to the upper mass, the improvement including: a grading blade mounted to the upper mass via a mounting assembly including: two double-spar assemblies, one double-spar assembly on one side of the upper mass and the other double-spar assembly on an opposed side of the upper mass, each double-spar assembly including: an upper spar pivotally connected to the upper mass at an upper spar mass pivot and pivotally connected to the grading blade at an upper spar blade pivot; and a lower spar pivotally connected to the upper mass at a lower spar mass pivot and pivotally connected to the grading blade at an upper spar blade pivot, wherein each upper spar mass pivot, upper spar blade pivot, lower spar mass pivot and upper spar blade pivot, has a pivot axis and the pivot axes of one double-spar assembly are aligned with the pivot axes of the other double-spar assembly, wherein: the grading blade has a front face and a tilt, the tilt being a general angular orientation of the front face relative to an imaginary plane defined by the vibratory plate; and the pivot axes are located such that the pivot axes intersect an imaginary plane normal to the pivot axes, at locations substantially defining the four corners of a parallelogram, whereby, the tilt remains substantially the same through a range of available upward and downward adjustment of the grading blade; an adjustment means comprising a control device mounted to the operator handle and an interconnection between the control device and one of the mounting assembly and the grading blade.
The forward motive force provided by a typical plate compactor is relatively small; a plate compactor can be readily held in place, or even reversed, manually by an operator. Thus, the effectiveness of the grading function provided by the present invention was unexpected. The inventors understand that the unexpected functionality arises at least in part by the vibration imparted to the grading blade by the plate compactor when in use. It is believed that this vibration “frees up” or dis-aggregates the base material contacted by the grading blade, reducing the force required to push the base material.
A skilled operator may be able to achieve acceptable results with any of the embodiments described herein. However, it is understood that a blade adjustment means actuated by pivoting of an operator handle requires greater operator coordination and skill than a blade adjustment means actuated by a separate control system. As well, a separate control system allows for use of cable, electric components (e.g., servo-motors) or hydraulically driven components. Thus, the inventors understand that for many users a preferred embodiment would incorporate a dedicated separate control system, e.g., a blade adjustment means not actuated by pivoting of an operator handle. As well, the inventors also understand that a preferred embodiment would incorporate a double spar mounting assembly (so as to maintain consistent blade tilt) as this configuration is suitable for mounting a laser receiver on the grading blade.
As indicated in the drawings, each embodiment of the present invention includes a vibratory plate compactor 50 comprising a vibratory plate 52, an upper mass 54 and an operator handle 56 (or fixed handle 332). To simplify the drawings, the upper mass 54 is shown in a stylized manner, i.e., as a regular, essentially featureless, rectangular housing. As set out above, the vibratory place compactor 50 also includes additional features not indicated in the drawings, being the exciter component, spring decoupling component and drive motor. A vibratory plate compactor 50 also typically includes a vibration speed control (also not shown in the drawings) mounted to the operator handle 56. Usually, the drive motor is a gasoline engine and the vibration speed control is a throttle.
As indicated in the drawings, the operator handle 56 is typically a generally U-shaped bar (or tube) with each arm of the U pivotally attached to the upper mass 54 at opposed handle pivots 58. In use, the operator holds the operator handle and uses it to direct the vibratory plate compactor 50. Although, a vibratory plate compactor 50 may be moved in different directions, in use the operator typically walks behind a vibratory plate compactor 50 and in use the operator handle 56 is at the rear of the vibratory plate compactor 50 in terms of the dominant direction of travel. Thus, at times herein, the terms, front, rear, forward and rearward are used with respect to the vibratory plate compactor 50.
As indicated in
As the user would in any case be holding the operator handle 56 to direct the vibratory plate compactor 50, using the operator handle 56 to also control the height of the grading blade 72, enables the user to dynamically adjust the height of the grading blade 72 without shifting his or her hands.
It will be apparent that the relative movement as between the operator handle 56 and grading blade 72 may be adjusted by moving the link-pole pivot 84 and the handle-pole pivot 86. For example, moving the link-pole pivot 84 towards the blade-mass pivots 76 will increase the relative movement of the grading blade 72, and moving the handle-pole pivot 86 towards the handle pivot 58 will decrease the relative movement of the grading blade 72. The upper-mass-mounted handle-linked embodiment 70 may be configured with a designer-defined single relative movement as between of the operator handle 56 and grading blade 72. Alternatively, the upper-mass-mounted handle-linked embodiment 70 may be configured so as to enable the user to modify the relative movement as between the operator handle 56 and grading blade 72, by for example, providing: alternative pivot connection locations on either or both of the link arm 80 and operator handle 56. Such alternative pivot connections could be located along an arc so as to be usable with a pole 82 of the same length. Alternatively, the length of the pole 82 could be adjustable or the pole 82 could have additional attachment locations along its length.
The upper-mass-mounted push-pull-cable embodiment 90 includes a control cable assembly 94, which includes: a cable controller 96 (shown in the drawings as comprising a control lever 98 and a cable actuating hub 100; alternative push pull cable controller configurations could be used); a push pull cable 102 (also referred to as a confined cable) comprising an outer tube 104 and an inner flexible rod 106; a cable clamp 108; and a rod terminal 110. As indicated in the drawings, the cable controller 96 is mounted on the operator handle 56, the rod terminal 110 is attached to the grading blade 72 in the vicinity of the middle of the grading blade 72, and the push pull cable 102 extends from the controller 96 to the rod terminal 110, with the outer tube 104 in the vicinity of the rod terminal 110 affixed to the upper mass 54 by way of the cable clamp 108.
As indicated in
A pole 82 extends between, and is pivotally connected to each of, the V-spar-link-arm connector 320 and the operator handle 56 (at the handle-pole pivot 86). As indicated in
As indicated in
As indicated in
As indicated in
The upper-mass-mounted push-pull-cable blade-tilt embodiment 180 of the present invention shown in
The upper-mass-mounted push-pull-cable tilt-blade embodiment 180 enables the operator to independently raise and lower, and tilt, the bucket blade 166 in a manner akin to the raising and lowering, and tilting, of the bucket of a front-end loader. The operator can collect soil from the ground surface in one location, contain the soil by tilting and raising the bucket blade 166 and then deposit the soil elsewhere by tilting the bucket blade 166.
As well, the upper-mass-mounted push-pull-cable tilt-blade embodiment 180 enables the operator to alter the aggressiveness of the scraping/grading function of the grading blade 72, whether the bucket blade 166 or another type of grading blade 72 (e.g., the straight blade 160, serrated blade 162, contained blade 164 etc.), by adjusting the tilt and thus the angle at which the bottom/leading edge of the grading blade 72 contacts the soil.
The ability of the operator to independently raise and lower, and tilt, the grading blade 72 provided by the upper-mass-mounted push-pull-cable tilt-blade embodiment 180 could also be obtained with alternative embodiments. Either the tilting, or the raising and lowering (though not both) could be provided in a manner akin to the previously described handle-linked arrangements, in that a pole 82 could connect the operator handle 56 to either the tilt-action link arm 186 or the tilt flange 188 (in a manner akin to the cable-flange terminal 198), in each instance, with a cable assembly 94 connected to the other of these features. With the former, the operator would use the operator handle 56 to raise and lower the grading blade 72 and use the cable assembly 94 to tilt the grading blade 72. With the latter, the operator would use the cable assembly 94 to raise and lower the grading blade 72 and use the operator handle 56 to tilt the grading blade 72.
An array of laser sensors 222 spanning a vertical distance of about 12 inches is understood to provide a usable range of height differences. The vertical spacing of the sensors in the array of laser sensors 222 may be consistent (i.e., the spacing may be same between each adjacent sensor in the array of laser sensors 222). Alternatively, the vertical spacing of the sensors in the array of laser sensors 222 may vary. For example, the spacing of the sensors at the bottom and top of the array of laser sensors 222 may be greater than the spacing of the sensors about the middle of the array of laser sensors 222, so as to provide greater sensitivity about the middle array of laser sensors 222 (that is, proximate the desired grade).
The display 224 shown in the drawings comprises a vertical array of coloured lights, being a central green light 226 and red lights 228 above and below the green light 226. The array of laser sensors 222 and display 224 are interconnected such that when a selected sensor (typically the middle sensor in the array of laser sensors 222) detects the laser beam 230 emitted by the rotary laser level 212, the green light 226 is illuminated, and when a sensor other than the selected sensor detects the laser beam emitted by the rotary laser level 212, then one or more of the red lights 228 is illuminated to indicate whether the soil supporting the vibratory plate compactor 50 is above or below the desired grade and by how much. It will be apparent that the display 224 could take different forms, including a display screen with coloured fields/bars akin to the green light 226 and red lights 228, a display screen with icons etc.
As is conventional, the height above the desired grade of the laser beam 230 emitted by the rotary laser level 212 may be adjusted by using the telescopic feature of the tripod 214 in combination with the conventional fine height adjustment of the mount of the rotary laser level 212. As well, the vertical member 220 may include means (not shown) for adjusting the height of the array of laser sensors 222 relative to the vibration-dampening base 218.
In use, the operator raises or lowers the grading blade 72 responsive to the indications of vertical distance above or below the desired grade provided by the display 224.
A remote control system 240 for use with embodiments of the present invention is shown in
An automatic blade height adjuster (not shown) may be used with embodiments of the present invention, the automatic blade height adjuster comprising an array of laser sensors 222 interconnected with the servo motor 242, so as to automatically raise and lower the grading blade 72 responsive to the indications of vertical distance above or below the desired grade detected by the array of laser sensors 222.
It is understood that any of the embodiments described herein may require a modification of the mass of the plate compactor to preserve a desired relative centre of gravity of the vibrating plate and the upper mass.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/043,288, filed 28 Aug. 2014 and titled, VIBRATORY PLATE WITH OPERATOR CONTROLLED GRADING BLADE.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CA2015/050824 | 8/27/2015 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016/029317 | 3/3/2016 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country |
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| 2996865 | Apr 2014 | FR |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20170275831 A1 | Sep 2017 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62043288 | Aug 2014 | US |
