Patent Grant
8702519
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to video gaming systems and, more particularly, to improvements in communications, accounting and security systems for video gaming machines.
2. Description of the Background Art
In many areas, it is necessary to provide a relatively detailed accounting of each video gaming machine's activity to assure that the machine operates within regulated standards. Meters are often provided to track money input into and money dispensed from the machines. Because money may sometimes be inserted to a machine but not wagered, for example where a player inserts a certain amount of cash or credit but cashes out before betting the entire amount, the simple ratio of money in to money out does not accurately reflect the machine's operational activities. Accordingly, it is helpful to also track the amount of money wagered and the amount of money or credits won by the player.
In larger facilities such as casinos, a central computer typically monitors such information for a plurality of embedded system single player gaming machines through a “location controller.” Each video gaining machine serially communicates with the location controller to provide appropriate information to the central computer. If the central computer detects an irregularity regarding a particular game, it instructs the location controller to deactivate the game. An exemplary system including a location controller and embedded system circuitry at a video gaming machine for providing information to the location controller is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,429,361 and 5,470,079, the entire disclosure of each of these patents being incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
The present invention recognizes and addresses disadvantages of prior art construction and methods.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a video gaming machine system having improved communication with a central computer. It is an object of an embodiment of the present invention to provide a video gaming machine system in which video gaming machines communicate with a central computer without the use of a location controller.
To achieve the foregoing and other objects of the invention, the invention provides an interface device for use in a video gaming device which includes: (a) at least one serial port which has a transmit line for transmitting data to a player station and a receive line for receiving data from a player station; (b) input port means and output port means for communication with a game computer; and (c) processing means for routing data between the said send port and the input and output port means.
Buffer means may be provided between the serial port and the processing means.
The input port means may include an input buffer and a serial port, and the output port means may include a port and an output buffer.
The device may include means for connecting the processing means to input and output devices.
Preferably the input devices are selected at least from player input buttons or keys, currency acceptor devices, and magnetic and integrated circuit card readers, and the output devices are selected at least from lamps, digital output displays, meters, currency return devices, token dispensers, ticket dispensers and magnetic and integrated circuit card writers.
The invention also provides an interactive video gaming device which includes an interface device of the aforementioned kind, a game computer which is connected to the said input port means and output port means, and at least one player station which is connected to 15 the said serial port.
The game computer may be connected to a central computer.
The device may include a plurality of player stations which are connected in a daisy-chain arrangement to the said serial port.
Alternatively the device includes a plurality of player stations which are connected in a star arrangement to respective said serial ports of the interface device.
The invention further extends to an interactive video gaming device which includes a game computer which is connected to a central computer and a plurality of player stations connected to the game computer.
The invention also provides an interactive video gaming device which includes a central computer and a plurality of daisy-chain connected video gaming machines selected from sin le player video gaming machines and multiplayer video gaming devices connected to the central computer, each single player video gaming machine including a game computer.
According to a different aspect the invention provides a multiplayer video game which includes a game computer, a daisy-chain configuration of a plurality of player stations connected to the game computer, a central computer and a location controller connected to the central computer and the player stations.
The invention also provides a multiplayer video game which includes a game computer, a daisy-chain configuration of a plurality of player stations connected to the game computer, a location controller, connection means between the location controller and the game computer, and a central computer connected to the location controller.
The invention further extends to a player station for a video gaming machine which includes processing means, first serial input and output ports which are connectable to an interface device, second serial input and output ports which are connectable to a central computer or other similar player stations, a plurality of input devices, a plurality of output devices, and control means connecting the input devices and the output devices to the processing means.
The invention also provides a method of operating a gaming system which includes the steps of transmitting data directly between at least one player station and a game computer, and transmitting data directly between the game computer and a central computer.
The method may include the step of transmitting data successively between a plurality of the said player stations which are serially connected to the game computer.
Preferably the method may include the step of transmitting data between the game computer and each or a plurality of player stations which are connected in a star arrangement to the game computer.
The method may also include the step of transmitting data between a plurality or single player video gaming machines and the game computer.
The invention also extends to a method of operating a gaming system which includes the steps of transmitting data between a daisy-chain configuration of a plurality of player stations and a game computer, and of transmitting data, via a location controller, between the said configuration and a central computer.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate one or more embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention, including the best mode thereof, directed to one of ordinary skill in the art, is set forth in the specification, which makes reference to the appended drawings, in which:
Reference will now be made in detail to presently preferred embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Repeat use of reference characters in the present specification and drawings is intended to represent same or analogous features or elements of the invention. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention, not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit thereof. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment may be used on another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. Thus it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations.
Player portion 12 is constructed to simulate a casino blackjack game table. Three player stations 16 are disposed on the top counter surface of player portion 12. Each player station 16 includes a keypad 18 and a currency acceptor 20. Each keypad 18 includes a plurality of input keys 22 through which players participate in the blackjack game. In the embodiment shown, the currency acceptor is a bill acceptor configured to receive bills of various denominations. The currency acceptor could also accept coins.
In this embodiment, each keypad 18 includes a first row of five, and a second of two, input keys 22. It should be understood by those ordinary skill in this art that the use, number, and arrangement of such keys can depend upon the nature of the video gaming program operated within the present invention. For example, a blackjack game may require the use of different keys for different purposes than a poker game. Bill acceptor 20 accepts bills for betting and/or game fee purposes.
A ticket dispenser 19 is mounted at each player station. Players may “cash out” at any time by inputting a proper command at their player station. Upon cashing out, a printer mounted within the cabinet prints a redeemable ticket indicating the player's winnings via ticket dispenser 19. In other embodiments, a single printer is provided in the cabinet to print redemption tickets for all players.
A functional illustration of a player station 16 is provided in
Player input messages are transferred from the player stations to a workstation 28 including a game processor running the video gaming program. The workstation may include a data port, such as a serial port or a keyboard port, an input/output system, and a suitable communication arrangement communicating with a remote game computer. Accordingly, a workstation assembly may comprise a local computer, to receive input from a plurality of player stations, and a remote computer, to receive input signals from the local computer and execute the game program responsive to such signals. The local and remote computers may communicate through any suitable arrangement, for example telephone systems or local area network systems. The remote computer's game processor thereby receives input signals from the data port of the local computer. In this arrangement, a single game processor may operate a plurality of remote player station groups. Alternatively, a workstation assembly may comprise a remote computer and a communications system, such as a telephone system or local area network system, through which multiple player stations communicate with the remote computer. Thus, a plurality of single-player stations separated by relatively long distances may participate in a single-player or multi-player game operated by the remote computer.
Additionally, however, the workstation may be a personal computer assembly including an input/output system, one or more data ports and a game processor device in a local unit. As should be understood in this art, a personal computer is a relatively small, for example as compared to a main frames computer that is typically designed for use by a single user or by multiple users through a network. It employs components such as a central processing unit (CPU), memory, and an input/output system by means of an operating system such as WINDOWS95. The CPU is an integrated circuit “chip” that can perform a multitude of operations. The input/output system manages data handling among the CPU and other internal or external components. Thus, the personal computer is a general purpose computer, as opposed to single-program “embedded” system, which may include a dedicated processor device mounted on a printed circuit board and configured to perform a single function. A personal computer assembly may be a board including a processor and an input/output system. It may also include a cabinet and/or various external and internal components, as should be understood in this art.
Because it is a multipurpose device, the personal computer assembly typically has no permanent input or output device having direct communication to the circuit board, or if there is more than one board, to the main circuit board. Instead, data is conveyed between input and output devices and the input/output system by data ports. These ports may have predetermined uses, for example to receive input from a keyboard or a mouse or to direct output to a printer or monitor. Personal computers also often include expansion slots for additional circuit boards which may, in turn, include their own data ports.
Although a personal computer assembly is the workstation type most often discussed herein, it should be understood that this is for exemplary purposes and that all workstation configurations, provided they are suitable for a given embodiment, are within the scope and spirit of the present invention. The remote computer in any of these arrangements may operate a progressive jackpot feature in which all communicating player stations may participate.
The player input message is the information input at the player station, for example by player activation of a button or bill acceptor or by system activation of a maintenance condition at a token dispenser, and conveyed to the personal computer through the player station and interface assembly equipment. During the transmission, the message may take a variety of forms. For example, in a preferred embodiment as illustrated in the figures, one type of player input message may be input by pressing a button 22 (
Another type of player input message may be input by activating a bill acceptor. The bill acceptors may deliver input signals to the player station control mechanism in a variety of forms, for example as a series of pulses or as a digital word. It should be understood that all such configurations are included within the scope and spirit of the present invention.
The internal components of player station 16 are illustrated functionally in
In operation, if the processing system 28 detects, for example, a falling pulse indicating that a particular button has been pressed, the processing system associates the pressing of that button with an appropriate code. In a present embodiment, the code is a four character message. The first character indicates that the message is beginning. The second character indicates the message type, which identifies the message as, for example, a button message or a dollar bill acceptor message. The third character provides the message information, for example that button number three has been pressed. The fourth character indicates the end of a message. The coding prevents information loss and/or message scrambling when the messages are queued or dequeued.
After creation of the appropriate code, the message is stored in transmitting buffer 30. A serial port 34 is provided on player station 16 to output the data stored in buffer 30. The serial port converts data from a parallel format to a serial format to transmit an coverts form a serial format to a parallel format to receive. Status signals indicate whether the transmitter is available (empty) and whether the receiver contains data (full). Two data lines, transmit line 36 and receive line 38, are connected to serial port 34. Processing system 28 monitors a status signal associated with transmit line 36. When a “transmitter empty” condition is indicated, the next message character in transient buffer 30 is transmitted through serial port 34 along transmit line 36.
Data received from receive line 38 through serial port 34 is stored in receive buffer 32. Processing system 28 receives messages from buffer 32 and acts according to instructions provided thereby. Thus, processing system 28 may be caused to illuminate lamps at the player station, dispense coins through a token dispenser, print a cash out ticket, or other desired functions.
In a star arrangement, each player station 16 communicates with a central interface device for transferring player input messages to the game computer. As illustrated in
Referring again to
The scan codes are received by the game computer through its keyboard port. The use of the game computer keyboard port has certain advantages. For example, general purpose computers are typically sold with operating systems configured to receive and recognize scan codes from the keyboard port. Thus, the game program may be constructed around the standard keyboard key strokes that the scan codes represent, and the video gaming programmer may rely on the built-in operating system to receive and process input data without having to program a custom data operating and error checking system. Some recent operating systems, for example WINDOWS95, receive and process data from operating system ports other than the keyboard port, for example certain COMM ports.
While the operating system does not recognize “key up” and “key down” events from these other ports, applications running on the operating system may otherwise take advantage of the operating system to deliver data from them. For illustrative purposes, not for purposes of limitation, communication by keyboard port is primarily discussed herein.
Data is routed between the player stations and the game computer through processing systems 28 and 48 illustrated in
Commands from the game computer to player station output devices are transmitted to interface input buffer 52 via interface device serial port 58. Processing system 48 receives messages from buffer 52, determines to which player station the command should be forwarded, and stores the command in the appropriate output buffer 46 for transmission to the player station via the corresponding serial port 42. If the system is daisy-chained, only one transmit buffer is required. As each message is received by a player station, it is relayed to and examined by the next player station. If the message is found to be for this player station, that station's processing system performs the requested action. Processing system 48 may also communicate directly with input devices 24 and output devices 26. These may include the same input and output devices discussed above with respect to the player stations. That is, the input and output devices of a single player station may be directly connected to interface device 40 without player station processing system 28 and buffers 30 and 32 (
In another preferred embodiment, the interface device may be physically embodied on a player station so that this player station communicates with the game computer through the keyboard port. Other player stations output messages to the game computer through this first player station to avoid loss of information. Player station units may be linked to the first player station in a star or daisy-chain arrangement and may be added or removed to achieve a desired number of player stations.
As described above, processing system 48 receives incoming codes from the player stations and converts the codes to scan codes which the operating system on the game computer will recognize. Since there are a finite number of messages which will come from any player station, a unique scan code may be assigned to each particular message from each player station. This may be accomplished, for example, by converting player station messages into keyboard scan codes. Thus in a preferred embodiment, each player station includes similar input devices in a similar arrangement and outputs the same messages for the same corresponding devices. Processing system 48 assigns scan codes based on the player station message and the player station itself. Thus, the assignment of the scan code depends upon the particular message and the particular player station from which the message is received.
It should be understood, however, that various suitable configurations are possible. For example, while in a preferred embodiment the player station processing systems assign ASCII codes as the player station messages, various coding processes may be employed. Thus, for example, scan codes could be assigned at the individual player stations, eliminating the need to make the assignment at the interface device.
In the illustrated local unit embodiment, the game computer is, preferably, an IBM PC/AT compatible personal computer. Thus, the scan codes assigned by processing system 48 are compatible with the operating system provided on those computers. The operating system is configured to receive the scan codes from the computer keyboard port and to use those codes for operating system functions and/or higher level functions. In particular, the IBM PC AT compatible computers may receive the scan codes and convert them to ASCII codes, which may be output to a screen and which may be used in commercial or custom software, including the gaming program.
A schematic illustration of a player station is provided in
Output devices include lamp groups 68 and digital output groups 72. As with the button groups, each lamp group and each digital output group includes eight lamps and eight digital output devices, respectively. It should be understood, however, that all of the available input and output devices may not necessarily be employed in a particular game; the exemplary construction illustrated in
Data is transmitted to or from these input and output devices on 8-bit data bus 80 and is controlled by field programmable gate array 82. Gate array 82 may be, for example, a Xilinx XC3042 or XC5202 gate array or other suitable device.
Data transfer from the player station is controlled by a processor 84, which, in one preferred embodiment, is an 8051-compatible microcomputer having one or two on-chip serial ports. It should be understood that other processing devices may be used, for example those including on-board EPROMs. Although processor 84 includes a certain amount of memory, SRAM 86 provides additional storage. Together, this memory serves as the player station buffers. EPROM 88 provides storage for the programming for processor 84 and the look-up tables by which input codes may be assigned to particular input signals. A PAL (not shown), for example a 20V8 PAL, is provided to decode the microprocessor address range into three ranges—EPROM, processor and input/output devices, including the gate array.
In operation, processor 84 controls gate array 82 to input and output data to and from the input devices and output devices. An internal logic signal of the gate array 82 causes gate array 82 to send an interrupt signal to processor 84 every 25 milliseconds. In response to this interrupt command, processor 84 orders gale array 82 to sequentially place the contents of the data registers of the respective button groups on data bus 80. Thus, if a player presses one of the buttons in a particular button group, the corresponding position in the button group register in the gate array changes state. Following the next 25 millisecond interrupt signal, processor 84 causes gate array 82 to output the contents of that button group's register, in order among the other button groups, to common bus 80. In the embodiment depicted in
Once processor 84 determines that a particular button in a particular button group has been pressed, it generates an ASCII code corresponding to that particular button. This can be done, for example, either by an algorithm that is part of the processor 84 program or according to a lookup table stored in EPROM 88. Once the code is established, it is translated into a message which is stored in a transmit buffer in SRAM 86 until processor 84 determines that the serial transmitter 89 of serial port 34 is free. When the output line is free of data, processor 84 outputs the stored ASCII codes from SRAM 86 through serial port 34 to the output data line.
If two or more buttons in a button group are simultaneously pressed, processor 84 converts each signal into a corresponding ASCII code and stores signals in SRAM 86 according to a predetermined order, for example depending upon the data line over which they were received. The corresponding messages are output through serial port 34 in the order in which they are stored in SRAM 86. By this protocol, simultaneous button activations are accommodated without information loss.
This assumes, however, that the activation of all the buttons represents information—data that the game program should receive to operate properly. In some games certain buttons, for example “Bet” or “Hit” buttons, are in appropriate at certain times. While the game program itself may be configured to ignore the data resulting from these button activations once such data is received, the program may control processors 84 and 96 (
Processor 84 may also receive inputs from bill acceptor 20, token dispenser 78 and/or ticket dispenser 19 through the gate array. Alternatively, bill acceptor 20 may communicate directly with processor 84 through serial port 85, as indicated by dashed line 87. The inputs from bill acceptor 20 primarily relate to the amount of currency input by the player. Inputs from the token dispenser generally concern errors, for example that there are insufficient tokens in the dispenser. Inputs from ticket dispenser 19 may include error signals but may also include signals indicating, for example, that a ticket has been printed and dispensed.
These devices are programmed to output an appropriate message to gate array 82 in a predetermined format, for example, ASCII hexadecimal. Upon receipt of such a message, gate array 82 stores a digital signal indicating the origin of the message and sends a second interrupt signal to processor 84. Upon receipt of this type of interrupt signal, processor 84 reads the identifying signal stored in gate array 82 and causes gate array 82 to pass the input from that particular device to common bus 80 where it is read by processor 84. Processor 84 converts these messages, either by a program algorithm or by a lookup table, to an ASCII code which is output by serial port 34.
Processor 84 may drive a parallel printer 83 to print redeemable coupons. This arrangement may be used in place of a ticket dispenser that outputs preprinted tickets in fixed denominations. In addition, a central printer driven by the game computer may be used instead of individual player station printers.
Data commands to a player station are received through serial port 34 by processor 84, which stores the command in SRAM 86. The command will identify a particular output device, for example ticket dispenser 19 or a lamp in a lamp group 68. Assuming the latter, processor 84 writes appropriate data on bus 80 to drive the particular lamp, while preserving the previous state of the other lamps in the group, and instructs gate array 82 to apply this instruction to the appropriate lamp group. Instructions to bill acceptor 20, token dispenser 78 and ticket dispenser 19 are generally in the form of digital words which are downloaded to the particular devices through gate array 82. These output devices are configured to receive this information and act accordingly. The particular construction and configuration of these devices are well known in the art and need not be described herein.
Player station 16 also includes two nonvolatile RAM/real-time clocks 91 and 91A for maintaining data between power cycles and for power-off intrusion detection. The battery-powered devices remember how many tokens are deposited during a vend cycle as the tokens are being deposited. Thus, if the machine is to deposit ten tokens, but power fails after only six are deposited, the NVRAM/RTCs 91 notify processor 84 and/or the game computer that four additional tokens should be deposited. As indicated in
Two NVRAM/RTCs 91 are provided for error checking purposes. During a vend cycle, example, one NVRAM/RTC 91 is incremented before a token is deposited, and the other is incremented after the token is deposited. Accordingly, following a power-up, a vend cycle or a token deposition, microprocessor 84 detects an error if the registers of the two NVRAM/RTCs do not agree. In this case, processor 84, the game computer or a central computer may shut down further operations of the player station 16 until the error is resolved.
NVRAM/RTCs 91 also provide a security function. In a preferred embodiment, switches are disposed at the game machine's money pit and electronics pit so that if the door to either is opened, a line is pulled low. Each line is connected to a respective NVRAM/RTC 91 so that if it goes low, the memory register for the respective NVRAM/RTC 91 is cleared. If processor 84 detects this condition, for example following power-up or after a periodic scan, an error is detected, and the processor or game computer stops the player station's activity until the error is resolved.
Further, upon detection of an error, processor 84 may output an appropriate message through serial port 34 to a central computer that, in turn, may provide notification to an operator. In investigating and attempting to resolve the error, the operator may communicate with the processor 84 through serial port 93 with an appropriate computer or other device. As indicated in
Player stations 16 communicate with the game computer through a concentrator board 40 (
Field programmable gate array 94 controls communication of data along bus 92 between a processor 96 and the ports and devices communicating with the bus. Any suitable processing device, for example, an 8051-compatible microcomputer, may be used. Gate array 94, EPROM 98 and SRAM 100 may include the same or similar components as the corresponding components on the player stations.
EPROM 98 stores the program executed by processor 96. Processor 96 may include its own internal memory for use as buffers. Preferably, however, SRAM 100 is included to provide additional memory.
A player input message from a particular player station is received at a serial port, which communicates with that player station, in one of the serial port groups 90, where it is stored in the serial port group register. Upon receipt of an interrupt signal periodically sent by gate array 94, processor 96 instructs gate array 94 to sequentially connect the register of each serial port group 90 to the eight data lines of common bus 92. In this manner, processor 96 is able to determine from which serial port, and therefore from which player station, it receives data. Processor 96 stores the incoming data either in its internal memory or in SRAM 100.
As discussed above, the incoming messages are in the form of ASCII codes. Processor 96, either by computer program algorithm or by a look up table stored in EPROM 98, assigns a scan code appropriate for the particular ASCII character from the particular player station. The scan code is then stored in SRAM 100.
Processor 96 monitors the status of keyboard output port 102 by gate array 94. If the output data line is clear, processor 96 Outputs the stored scan code from SRAM 100 over bus 92 to gate array 94 to keyboard output port 102. Keyboard output port 102 communicates with the game processor via a personal computer keyboard port.
Data may be downloaded from the game computer via a keyboard input port 104 or serial port 106. If data is downloaded to keyboard input port 104, gate array 94 sends a second interrupt signal to processor 96, which then instructs gate array 94 to put the data on common bus 92 for storage in SRAM 100. Data downloaded through serial port 106 is stored by processor 96 in SRAM 100. If the incoming message is a command for a player station, processor 96 causes gate array 94 to connect the appropriate serial port in the appropriate serial port group 90 to common bus 92 and outputs the command to the common bus.
Concentrator board 40 also includes connections for button groups 108 and 110, lamp group 112, digital output device group 114, switches 116, bill acceptor 118, token dispenser 120, and ticket dispenser 122. These connections are provided for direct connection of their associated devices to concentrator board 40. Thus, concentrator board 40 may be configured to function as a single player station, operating as described above regarding player stations 16 (
Although the button groups, serial ports, lamp groups and output device groups are illustrated in
Command messages and player input messages are processed at the non-interrupt level. Serial port buffers are managed at the interrupt level. This prevents the loss of data when the processor is busy with local tasks.
In this fashion, command messages are passed from the game computer to specific player stations, and input messages from the player stations are passed up to the game computer. The concentrator 40 receives command messages from the serial communications port of game computer 124. It routes input messages from player stations to the game computer through its keyboard port. Thus, input messages may be directed to the computer as keyboard scan codes as described above.
Each of the tandemly-linked player stations illustrated in
Player station 16b receives input messages from player station 16c through its down port and stores them in SRAM 86. Since these messages are intended for the game computer, processor 84 directs them to player station 16a through the up port. The input messages from player station 16b arc also passed to player station 16a through the up port.
Processor 84 may simultaneously receive and store messages from its dual serial ports (the up and down ports). If a message is to be passed through the player station, processor 84 may simply direct the message from one serial port to the other, or it may place the message on SRAM 86 for output at a later time. In any event, a player station may process command and input messages received from external sources while generating its own input messages without losing information even if, for example, a command message and an input message are received at the same time a button is pressed at the player station. Thus, from the perspective of player station 16b, the interface between it and game computer 124 is concentrator 40 and player station 16a.
A receive-only serial device, such as sign 142, may be connected on the end of the chain. The network messaging protocols may be designed to allow other devices to be connected without mutual interference. That is, the message formatting for the player station network may be different than that used by the sign, and the two protocols may coexist without interference.
The above description illustrates both a star and daisy-chain arrangement. The concentrator and player stations support either topology. While the concentrator arrangement may exhibit superior performance, the daisy-chain arrangement is, generally less expensive. The choice among star, daisy-chain and a combination of the two arrangements will depend upon the requirements of a specific application.
Referring now to
Moreover, a variety of circuitry configurations are possible within the range of personal computers. For example, a variety of input/output, memory (for example RAM 136), buses, and other devices may be arranged in various suitable configurations. Furthermore, various methods may be employed utilizing such devices and configurations in communicating information between keyboard port 130, or other suitable data input port, and CPU 126. It should be understood that all suitable such personal computer configurations may be employed in accordance with the present invention.
As it executes a video card gaming program, CPU 126 outputs video display signals to a monitor 138 via a parallel port 140. The video card gaming program executed by CPU 126 permits interactive participation by a plurality of players at player stations 16 (
The video card gaming program is preferably written in an “event-driven” language such a Visual Basic or Visual C. An event-driven program performs operations responsively to “events”, such as the depression of a push button that, in turn, causes BIOS 128 to output a signal to CPU 126. As should be understood by those of ordinary skill in this art, personal computers are generally equipped with operating systems which are configured to manage communication between the personal computer and the software programs. In particular, the operating system is configured to recognize certain signals, for example scan codes received by the keyboard port and to convert such signals into predetermined codes, for example ASCII codes, which may be utilized by the program. In a preferred embodiment, personal computer assembly 124 is an IBM-compatible system using a MSDOS-compatible operating system. The scan codes assigned by the concentrator board (
Although a variety of card gaming programs may be utilized in accordance with the present invention, in one presently preferred embodiment CPU 126 is configured to execute a blackjack game wherein the gaming program generates a “dealer's” blackjack hand on monitor 138 that is visible to the players at the player stations. The players submit wagers, accept or reject card “hits” and select game options via the keys at the player stations. The player's hands are displayed on monitor 138 along with the dealer's hand in a manner similar to the display of cards on a casino blackjack table. Various versions of the basic blackjack or “21” game are known and may be employed in accordance with the present invention.
Various types of metering devices may be employed within the system. For example, an “in” meter may be used to count the amount of money put into the gaming machine. The construction of such meters, which should be well understood in the industry, need not be described herein. Typically, however, the meter is a relatively simple counter which is incremented by pulses. The in meter may be implemented within a system of meters 101 as shown in
In operation, the game computer may receive data from a player station's bill acceptor 20 corresponding to an amount of currency accepted. The game program recognizes this amount and causes the game computer or processor 84 to output an appropriate number of pulses to the in meter so that the in meter properly increments, thereby recording the amount of money input at the player station. The number of pulses sent to the meter depends upon the denomination by which the meter is to count. For example, if the machine accepts currency in dollar, or greater increments, the meter may increment for each dollar input at the machine or player station. Thus, if a player inputs a five-dollar bill, the meter is incremented five times.
By controlling the meter through the game program, various types of bill acceptors may be used, for example those which output data by pulses or by digitally formatted signals. Various types of currency may be accepted, for example, paper, coins or electronic media.
Other such meters may be attached within the system in a similar fashion for other purposes. For example, the game program may increment an “out” meter to record the amount of money cashed out at the machine or player station, for example through a coin or bill hopper, ticket dispenser or electronic output mechanism. The program may also increment a “credits played” meter, to record how much money is wagered at a player station, and a “credits won” meter, to record the mount of money returned to the player station as winnings. Additionally, switches may be provided at certain game doors, as described above, so that the game computer is notified of openings and/or closings. Upon notice of a door or drawer opening, the game computer may increment a meter installed for this purpose. Such an arrangement may serve a security purpose, since the game's owner or operator may monitor the meter to assure that the game has not been opened since the previous meter reading. It should therefore be apparent that various game “events” may be metered using the arrangement and construction of the present invention.
The meters may be employed in a variety of game configurations. For example, as described above, they may be used in conjunction with an interface assembly as described herein that facilitates communication between player stations and a workstation running the game. They may also be used, however, in arrangements without such an interface assembly, such as embedded systems or networked player stations not employing common interface. In an embedded system, the meters can communicate with a dedicated processor on a printed circuit board directly, for example, through direct wiring to the circuit board, or indirectly, for example through processors at the player stations. The dedicated processor can increment the meters appropriately as events, such as money in, money out, money wagered, money won and door openings or closings, occur. In the networked arrangement, the meters may be incremented by a server, either directly or through the player stations, or by player station processors.
As noted above, one or more meters may be employed to record data for each player station. Alternatively in a multiplayer game, a group of meters may be used to record such data for the multiplayer game as a whole, rather than per player station. Such meters may be attached as peripheral devices to the concentrator board 40 (
Moreover, the player stations themselves may be constructed by multiple such boards, each containing a certain group of input and/or output devices. Thus, a player station may have a board for its meters and a separate board for its buttons. In this manner, defective components may be replaced without requiring replacement of the entire player station hardware. Further, a cabinet may be more easily reconfigured to play a different game which might require a different configuration of certain player station devices. Moreover, it should be recognized that the hardware arrangements illustrated in the figures are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. For example, the gate arrays on the player stations and the concentrator board could be replaced with other appropriate circuitry. Accordingly, it should be understood that any suitable design is within the scope and spirit of the present invention.
In this manner, computer 124 provides security and activity information for each player station 16. For example, messages from computer 124 to central computer 140 may include an address that identifies a given player station so that the central computer can identify the message with that player station and respond accordingly. For example, in systems where a location controller identifies a particular game by the port over which data is received and outputs serial data to the central computer identifying the game, the game computer 124 may be programmed to communicate with the central computer using the same protocol used between the central computer and the location controller. Thus, the present invention may replace a location controller in an existing system without requiring that the central computer be reprogrammed.
The game computer may provide a variety of data to the central computer. For instance, if game computer 124 receives a message from a player station that its money pit door has been opened without authorization, this information may be provided to central computer 140 so that the central computer may take appropriate action directed to that player station. For example, the central computer may direct an operator to the player station and/or instruct game computer 124 over modem 142 to shut down operation of the player station. In the latter case, the return message from the central computer to game computer 124 includes an address or other code structure identifying the player station to which the instruction applies.
As noted above, game computer 124 receives all metering information, for example, money in, money out, credits played and credits won, from player station 16. It is therefore able to communicate this information to central computer 140 through modem 142. If central computer 140 at any time determines that a player station 16 is operating improperly, for example by not maintaining an appropriate return ratio, the central computer may issue a command return ratio, the central computer may issue a command to game computer 124 to shut down that player station.
Concentrator board 40 may also communicate with single player video gaming machines 144 that would otherwise communicate with central computer 140 through a location controller. These are conventional video gaming machines configured to output serial data to a location controller. In this embodiment, however, the data line from each game 144 is directed to a serial port 42 (
Central computer 140 may also issue instructions to shut down a game 144 that is not operating properly. Game computer 124 receives this instruction and outputs an appropriate signal to the concentrator board in response. The concentrator board processor then directs an appropriate instruction for example, in a format in which the game 144 would expect to receive such an instruction from a location controller, to the serial port corresponding to the appropriate game. Game computer 124 identifies the appropriate game 144 in its message to the concentrator board processor.
The system may also be effected in a daisy-chain arrangement. One such arrangement is illustrated in
The concentrator board 40 may be constructed as illustrated in
As noted above, concentrator board 40 is able to operate player station components. Thus, rather than adding an additional board, concentrator board 40 may be used in place of the last player station 16 in
As an alternative to the concentrator board arrangement illustrated in
The first game board serial port is used to communicate between the board and the game 144. This function may require an additional serial port, one for input and one for output, depending on the game's configuration. The other two serial ports perform the “up” and “down” functions as described above with respect to daisy-chained player stations. That is, one serial port is used to communicate with downstream devices while the other is used to communicate with upstream devices. Thus, a message intended for a particular game 144 may be output from the last player station to subsequent game boards until the message reaches the board on the correct game. The messages includes an address identifying the game so that it is recognized by the game board's processor, which then outputs an appropriate message to the game through the first serial port. Messages from the game 144 to the central computer are output through the game board first serial port and are directed by the game board processor to the game board up port for output to upstream game boards and player stations to the game computer 124, which then communicates with central computer 140. Tandemly linked player stations retrofit with such boards are schematically shown in
As noted above, a single player video gaming machine may be constructed using a game computer and a single player station 16 or concentrator board 40 as discussed above with respect to
Moreover, it should be understood that various suitable configurations are possible. For example, a game computer having USE technology can communicate with up to 127 serial devices on each USE port. Thus, a game computer having one or more USE ports could perform the function of concentrator board 40 in
Multiplayer video gaming devices in accordance with the present invention may be employed in existing systems having location controllers. Referring to
Instructions directed from the central computer to a player station through the location controller are detected by the player station processor 84. Thus, processor 84 and/or game computer 124 is able to shut clown the operation of a given player station 16 responsively to central computer 140 without affecting the operation of the other player stations.
An alternate embodiment is provided in
Game computer 124 accumulates information associated with each player station and outputs messages specific to a given player station to one of the serial ports on board 148. The board 148 processor receives these messages and directs an appropriate message to a particular serial port corresponding to a particular player station 16. The game computer and/or the board 148 processor may configure the messages so that they are output at these serial ports in a format compatible with local controller 146. Thus, local controller 146 sees three separate inputs corresponding to three separate player stations, permitting these player stations to be treated by central computer 140 as separate game machines.
The processor of board 148 is programmed to receive instructions from central computer 140 and to output an appropriate message identifying the intended player station 16 to game computer 124 so that game computer 124 may take appropriate actions with respect to that player station. Where the configuration of central computer 140 and location controller 146 permit, board 148 may be omitted so that game computer 124 may communicate with the central computer through the location controller over a single serial data line. Alternatively, location controller 146 may communicate with game computer 124 over three serial lines where game computer 124 includes sufficient serial ports. It should also be understood that the player stations of
While preferred embodiments of the invention have been described above, it should be understood that any and all equivalent realizations of the present invention are included within the scope and spirit thereof. The embodiments depicted are presented by way of example only and are not intended as limitations upon the present invention. Thus, while particular embodiments of the invention have been described and shown, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in this art that the present invention is not limited thereto since many modifications can be made. Therefore, it is contemplated that any and all such embodiments are included in the present invention.
This application is a continuation under 35 U.S.C. 120 of copending U.S. application Ser. No. 11/783,103, filed Apr. 5, 2007, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/189,016, filed Jul. 26, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,201,661, which is a continuation under 35 U.S.C. 120 of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/787,103, filed Jul. 25, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,921,337, which is a US national phase filing under 35 U.S.C. 371 of Intentional Application No. PCT/ZA99/00085, filed Sep. 14, 1999, which claims priority on U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/100,449, filed Sep. 14, 1998.
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| Entry |
|---|
| Plaintiffs' First Amended Complaint for Patent Infringement (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed on Aug. 19, 2009. |
| Defendant's Preliminary Invalidity Contentions of Defendant Shuffle Master, Inc. (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) served on Mar. 11, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' Motion for Preliminary Injunction (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada)filed on Aug. 19, 2009. |
| Plaintiffs' Reply Brief in Support of Motion for Preliminary Injunction (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed on Oct. 7, 2009. |
| Defendant's Opposition of Shuffle Master, Inc. to Motion for Preliminary Injunction (Redacted) (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) entered Sep. 14, 2009. |
| Plaintiffs' Preliminary Supplemental Preliminary Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) served Jun. 1, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' U.S. Patent No. 5,688,174 Claim Chart for Vegas Star as filed with Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Ex Parte Reexamination Control No. 90/009,737, filed May 28, 2010, USP 7,575,512, issued Aug. 18, 2009. |
| Ex Parte Reexamination Control No. 90/011,023, filed Jun. 30, 2010, USP 5,688,174, issued Nov. 18, 1997. |
| Ex Parte Reexamination Control No. 90/011,075, filed Jun. 30, 2010, USP 6,921,337, issued Jul. 26, 2005. |
| Ex Parte Reexamination Control No. 90/011,122, filed Jul. 30, 2010, USP 7,201,661, issued Apr. 10, 2007. |
| Ex Parte Reexamination Control No. 90/012,240, filed Apr. 5, 2012, USP 6,921,337, issued Jul. 26, 2005. |
| Ex Parte Reexamination Control No. 90/012,239, filed Apr. 5, 2012, USP 7,201,661, issued Apr. 10, 2007. |
| Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' U.S. Patent No. 5,688,174 Supplemental Claim Chart for Vegas Star as filed with Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' U.S. Patent No. 5,688,174 Claim Chart for Table Master as filed with Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' U.S. Patent No. 5,688,174 Supplemental Claim Chart for Table Master as filed with Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' U.S. Patent No. 6,921,337 Claim Chart for Table Master as filed with Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' U.S. Patent No. 6,921,337 Supplemental Claim Chart for Table Master as filed with Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' U.S. Patent No. 7,201,661 Claim Chart for Table Master as filed with Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' U.S. Patent No. 7,201,661 Supplemental Claim Chart for Table Master as filed with Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' U.S. Patent No. 7,575,512 Claim Chart for Table Master as filed with Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Plaintiffs' U.S. Patent No. 7,575,512 Supplemental Claim Chart for Table Master as filed with Plaintiffs' Disclosure of Asserted Claims and Infringement Contentions (2:09-cv-01519 USDC Dist. of Nevada) filed Jan. 11, 2010. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20080194321 A1 | Aug 2008 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60100449 | Sep 1998 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 11783103 | Apr 2007 | US |
| Child | 11930948 | US | |
| Parent | 11189016 | Jul 2005 | US |
| Child | 11783103 | US | |
| Parent | 09787103 | US | |
| Child | 11189016 | US |
