The invention relates to a switch assembly having actuators that may be assigned various functions.
Conventional switches for automotive applications are typically designed for each application. Such switches often include a molded plastic body with a biased or spring loaded switch having metallic contacts, and are generally designed for controlling a particular application or function. After the design of the switch, a large investment may be made to produce the tooling to make the switches. For example, it may cost tens or hundreds of thousands of dollars to prepare molds to make the plastic components of the switches. Similarly, the design of the contacts employed in such switches, the springs, and other parts of the switch may require tooling to produce components unique to the particular switch. Thus, there exists a need for a switch and switch assembly configuration that does not require retooling and redesign for each application or function controlled or for use in different vehicle styles.
In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a non-contact vehicle switch system comprising a switch assembly, a switch interface, and a computer. The switch assembly includes a front end and a back end. The front end includes a plate mountable in the vehicle and customizable first and second user accessible features mounted thereon. The back end includes first and second actuator members coupled to the first and second user accessible features, respectively, wherein the first and second actuator members provide a switch assembly interface. The switch interface is coupled to the vehicle and configured to engage the switch assembly interface. The switch interface includes first and second non-contact sensor units configured to detect a pre-defined movement pattern of the first and second actuator members, respectively. The computer is coupled to the switch interface. The computer is configured to receive information from the first and second non-contact sensor units, and to manipulate at least one function of an electrical system using the received information. The manipulated function is selected from a plurality of available functions and assigned to one of the first and second sensor units based on instructions provided to the computer.
In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a virtual electronic switch system comprising a switch assembly, a switch interface, and a computer. The switch assembly has a plurality of actuators coupled to a support structure, wherein each of the plurality of actuators includes a user manipulatable portion accessible from an external faceplate and an actuator portion that extends through the external faceplate. The switch interface has a plurality of non-contact sensors configured to mate with the actuator portions of the plurality of actuators, wherein each of the plurality of non-contact sensors is configured to detect movement within a defined movement range for each of the corresponding actuator portions. The computer is coupled to the switch interface and configured to receive information about the switch assembly. The information includes a position and a function assigned to each of the plurality of actuators and associated non-contact sensors. The function assigned to a particular one of the plurality of actuators and non-contact switches is selected from a plurality of available functions. The computer is configured to receive a signal from one of the plurality of non-contact sensors indicating a detected movement of the corresponding actuator portion and to execute the function included in the information in response to the received signal.
In yet another embodiment, a vehicle switch assembly comprises a plurality of manually operated switching actuators, a plurality of electronic non-contact sensing devices, a microprocessor, and a memory. The plurality of manually operated switching actuators are mounted in a vehicle at a location accessible to an operator driving the vehicle. Each of the manually operated switching actuators is associated with an electrically powered device mounted on the vehicle. At least one of the electronic non-contact sensing devices is associated with at least one of the plurality of manually operated switching actuators and mounted in proximity to the manually operated switching actuators such that the non-contact sensing device can sense movement of the manually operated switching actuators. The microprocessor is operatively connected to at least one of the plurality of electronic non-contact sensing devices. The memory is associated with the microprocessor and includes program logic for controlling the electrically powered device. At least one of the electronic non-contact sensing devices senses movement of one of the manually operated switching actuators and transmits a first signal to the microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor is configured to access the memory to retrieve program logic for controlling the electrically powered device and to send a second signal to energize or de-energize the electrically powered device based on the first signal.
For a more complete understanding, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying Drawings in which:
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numbers are used herein to designate like elements throughout, the various views and embodiments of a virtual electronic switch system. The figures are not necessarily drawn to scale, and in some instances the drawings have been exaggerated and/or simplified in places for illustrative purposes only. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate the many possible applications and variations based on the following examples of possible embodiments.
Referring to
When installed in the vehicle 104, the back end 108 of the switch assembly 102 is coupled to a switch interface 116 in the vehicle. As will be described below in greater detail, the switch interface 116 provides a contact free interface for the actuators 112. Although not described in detail herein, the indicators 114 may be coupled to the switch interface 116 or to another interface (not shown). The contact free interface provided by the switch interface 116 enables the actuators 112 of the front end 106 of the switch assembly 102 to be configured as desired. The connections on the back end 108 are configured to match the connections in the switch interface 116, as illustrated by dotted line 118. Accordingly, when the switch assembly 102 is installed in the vehicle 104, the back end 108 aligns with the switch interface 116 and the switch interface 116 is able to communicate with the switch assembly 102.
In the present example, the switch interface 116 includes non-contact sensors 117 that provide detection functionality to detect actuation of the actuators 112, regardless of how the detected actuation is used by the vehicle 104. However, the switch interface 116 is physically configured to interact with the back end 108 in a particular manner, and if certain aspects of the physical configuration of the back end are changed (e.g., the physical location of a switch or altering the behavior of a particular actuator (e.g., replacing a switch with a push button)), then the switch interface 116 may need to be changed in a corresponding manner.
The switch interface 116 is coupled to a computer 120 for data input/output 122. In the present example, the computer 120 is coupled directly to the switch interface 116, but it is understood that the computer 120 may communicate with other components (not shown), which then communicate with the switch interface 116. Furthermore, it is understood that the computer 120 is representative of any control device that may send information to and/or receive information from the switch assembly 102. Accordingly, while the computer 120 is illustrated with a central processing unit (CPU) 124, memory 126, and communication interface 128 (which may be wired and/or wireless) coupled by one or more control lines 130 (e.g., a bus), it is understood that many different control systems may be used with the switch assembly 102 and that various components of the computer 120 may be distributed.
The computer 120 detects input provided via the actuators 112 and detected by the sensors 117. In some embodiments, the computer 120 may also interact with the indicators 114. The computer 120 may be configured to detect the functions provided by the switch assembly 102 and/or may be programmed to assign various functions to particular actuators 112. For example, when the switch assembly 102 is coupled to the switch interface 116, the computer 120 may automatically detect the functions of the various actuators 112 using, for example, a serial number or other code associated with the switch assembly 102. Alternatively or additionally, the computer 120 may be configured to interact with the switch assembly 102 via external instructions entered, for example, by an installer/operator of the switch assembly 102. It is understood that the computer 120 may assign a function to an actuator 112 and/or to a corresponding sensor 117 of the switch interface 116 depending on the particular configuration of the virtual electronic switch system 100.
The computer 120 is further coupled to one or more electrical systems and/or devices 132. The computer 120 associates the function assigned to a particular actuator 112 or sensor 117 with a particular action that may be taken with respect to the electrical systems/devices 132. For example, the computer 120 may assign a hazard light function or a power on/off function to an actuator 112 that is a push button, and may then manipulate the appropriate electrical systems/devices 132 (e.g., lights and ignition components and circuitry) based on actuation of the push button. Similarly, the computer 120 may assign a power seat movement function to an actuator 112 that is a toggle switch, and may then manipulate the appropriate electrical systems/devices 132 (e.g., power seat motors and circuitry) based on actuation of the toggle switch. It is understood that the electrical systems/devices 132 may be any electrical systems/devices present in the vehicle 104, such as a vehicle starter motor, ignition system, headlights, tail lights, power windows, audio system, interior lights such as dome lights, windshield wipers, fan motor(s), and air conditioning and heating systems.
Program logic, such as computer executable instructions, and data may be stored in the memory 126 for execution and use by the CPU 124. The program logic and data may enable the computer 120 to automatically recognize the switch assembly 102 when it is coupled to the switch interface 116, or additional program logic and/or data may be provided to the computer 120 in order for it to recognize the switch assembly 102. Furthermore, the program logic and/or data may enable the computer 120 to assign functions, detect incoming signals from sensors 117 indicating actuation of an actuator 112, and send signals to the electrical systems/devices 132 in response to the incoming signals.
The program logic and data may also enable the computer 120 to change the function associated with a particular actuator 112 and/or sensor 117, allowing various switch assemblies 102 to be used with the switch interface 116 and configured by the computer 120. For example, one of the actuators 112 may have a first function when used with a first switch assembly 102, and another actuator occupying the same position may be assigned another function when used with a second switch assembly. Additionally or alternatively, the function assigned to an actuator 112 of the switch assembly 102 may be changed by the computer 120, thereby providing flexibility without the need to remove the switch assembly 102 and replace it with a different switch assembly. Accordingly, the computer 120 provides a virtual electronic switch system when combined with the switch assembly 102 and switch interface 116, and may configure the functions associated with the switch assembly 102 in many different ways. It is understood that the location of various components, such as the sensors 117, may be moved between the switch assembly 102 and switch interface 116 without changing the underlying operation of the virtual electronic switch system.
Referring to
The top plate 200 is exposed when the switch assembly 102 is mounted in the dash or console of the vehicle 104 and may be formed from any of a variety of suitable materials or a combination of such materials, including a metal such as polished aluminum or stainless steel, or a plastic. For purposes of example, the actuators 112 of
An information bar 214 may also be present in the cover plate 102. The information bar 214 may include a plurality of the indicators 114 of
Referring to
Each switch lever 206a-206f is associated with a cotter pin or other fastener 304 and multiple spring retainers 306. Springs 309 are used to couple the switch levers 206a-206f to multiple spring retainers 306 and to bias each switch lever 206a-206f in a neutral position. Lower portions of the switch levers 206a-206f pass through the bottom plate 202 and a cover 308. In the present embodiment, the cover 308 may be made of Teflon or a similar material and provides an elongated, substantially flat lower surface having open ends and raised sides parallel with the longitudinal axis of the lower surface. A lower portion of each switch lever 206a-206f serves as an actuator portion that interacts with non-contact sensor units 310 of the switch interface 116 as will be described below in greater detail.
Each push button 208a and 208b is associated with a push button holder 312 into which the push buttons fit. The push buttons 208a and 208b each have an actuator 314, retaining rods 316, and guide shafts 318. A retaining ring 320 holds each push button 208a and 208b in place and springs 322 provide an upward bias to the push buttons. Members 324 serve to secure the push buttons 208a and 208b.
A liner 326 made of a material such as Teflon may be positioned under the bottom plate 202. Stand-offs 328 may be used to maintain a predefined distance between the lower plate 202 and another plate or component, including components of the switch interface 116. Various fasteners 330 and other components, such as washers 332, may be used to couple portions of the switch assembly 102.
Referring to
Referring specifically to
Referring to
In the present example, each direction of movement uses an optical sensor pair formed by an optical transmitter and an optical receiver, with the position of each of the optical transmitters and optical receivers being illustrated in
Each optical sensor pair is associated with a particular function by the computer 120. In some embodiments, the computer 120 may register an event when the beam remains broken (e.g., when a switch lever 206a-206f or push button 208a or 208b is held in an actuated position). For example, to move a power seat forward, a switch lever may be held in an up position for continued movement of the power seat until the seat position is satisfactory. In other embodiments, the movement may continue if the switch lever is actuated and released, in which case a second actuation of the switch lever may be used to stop the movement.
As each direction of movement uses an optical sensor pair, the two-way toggle switches provided by the switch levers 206a and 206c-206f each use two optical sensor pairs positioned in first and second rows of optical sensors 600a and 600b, respectively. The four-way toggle switch provided by the switch lever 206b uses four optical sensor pairs, with optical switch pairs 600c oriented perpendicularly to the rows containing the optical sensors 600a and 600b, which are also used by the switch lever 206b. The push buttons 208a and 208b each use a single optical sensor pair 600d positioned in another row. Accordingly,
Referring again to
Referring to
The switch lever 206c is illustrated with spring retainers 306, springs 309, and cotter pin 304. The cotter pin 304 may be used to maintain the position of the switch lever 206c, as the cotter pin prevents vertical movement of the switch lever in an upward direction past the point where the springs 309 are attached to the switch lever and in a downward direction past the cover 308.
Referring to
Referring to
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art having the benefit of this disclosure that this virtual electronic switch system provides a switch assembly incorporating a front end having a plurality of manually operated switch actuators and an electronic back end that incorporates a plurality of non-contact electronic sensing devices. It should be understood that the drawings and detailed description herein are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive manner, and are not intended to be limiting to the particular forms and examples disclosed. On the contrary, included are any further modifications, changes, rearrangements, substitutions, alternatives, design choices, and embodiments apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope hereof, as defined by the following claims. Thus, it is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such further modifications, changes, rearrangements, substitutions, alternatives, design choices, and embodiments.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/398,901, filed Mar. 5, 2009, published on Nov. 5, 2009, as U.S. Publication No. 2009-0274416, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,856,158, issued on Dec. 21, 2010. Application Ser. No. 12/398,901 claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/034,896, filed Mar. 7, 2008. Patent Application Publication No. 2009-0274416 and U.S. Pat. No. 7,856,158 are hereby incorporated by reference.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
1149583 | Hutchison | Aug 1915 | A |
1162421 | Welch | Nov 1915 | A |
1205371 | Marshall | Nov 1916 | A |
1267079 | Jensen | May 1918 | A |
1308495 | Johnson | Jul 1919 | A |
1461457 | Rice | Jul 1923 | A |
1663026 | Schultze | Mar 1928 | A |
1828608 | Mack | Oct 1931 | A |
1848064 | Oishei | Mar 1932 | A |
2009591 | Radford | Jul 1935 | A |
2026444 | Trott | Dec 1935 | A |
2046779 | Hack | Jul 1936 | A |
2136472 | Sinclair | Nov 1938 | A |
2180731 | Dickinson | Nov 1939 | A |
2496700 | Cole | Feb 1950 | A |
2786359 | Karlan et al. | Mar 1957 | A |
2801118 | Amesbury | Jul 1957 | A |
2881860 | Ternes | Apr 1959 | A |
2897916 | Probst | Aug 1959 | A |
3133741 | Garabello | May 1964 | A |
3259684 | Wakefield | Jul 1966 | A |
3264892 | Boman et al. | Aug 1966 | A |
3269208 | Whitchurch | Aug 1966 | A |
3279834 | Budzynski | Oct 1966 | A |
3323609 | Rosenberger et al. | Jun 1967 | A |
3351364 | Warn et al. | Nov 1967 | A |
3433891 | Zysk et al. | Mar 1969 | A |
3435701 | Bucher | Apr 1969 | A |
3440897 | Dutt et al. | Apr 1969 | A |
3482465 | Lusted | Dec 1969 | A |
3641746 | Smith et al. | Feb 1972 | A |
3691525 | McClellan, Sr. et al. | Sep 1972 | A |
3795760 | Raw et al. | Mar 1974 | A |
3800910 | Rose | Apr 1974 | A |
3831209 | Clingman | Aug 1974 | A |
4061054 | Wenninger | Dec 1977 | A |
4135593 | Fowkes | Jan 1979 | A |
4138160 | Lohmeyer | Feb 1979 | A |
4236274 | Omote et al. | Dec 1980 | A |
4266438 | Kessmar | May 1981 | A |
4331209 | Bauer et al. | May 1982 | A |
4333360 | Simmons | Jun 1982 | A |
4354458 | Bury | Oct 1982 | A |
4441382 | Snooks | Apr 1984 | A |
4515393 | Sauter | May 1985 | A |
4519268 | Oda | May 1985 | A |
4548166 | Gest | Oct 1985 | A |
4561325 | Jester | Dec 1985 | A |
4562895 | Kirchweger | Jan 1986 | A |
4569245 | Feldt et al. | Feb 1986 | A |
4590339 | Scott-Jackson et al. | May 1986 | A |
4591211 | Browning et al. | May 1986 | A |
4597306 | Tsuji | Jul 1986 | A |
4646864 | Racchi | Mar 1987 | A |
4707788 | Tashiro et al. | Nov 1987 | A |
4742884 | Ishikawa | May 1988 | A |
4747636 | Harasaki et al. | May 1988 | A |
4770522 | Alten | Sep 1988 | A |
4771368 | Tsukamoto et al. | Sep 1988 | A |
4772299 | Bogusz | Sep 1988 | A |
4778029 | Thornburgh | Oct 1988 | A |
4787257 | Ott et al. | Nov 1988 | A |
4807490 | Foggini | Feb 1989 | A |
4816730 | Wilhelm et al. | Mar 1989 | A |
4825669 | Herrera | May 1989 | A |
4987522 | Miyano et al. | Jan 1991 | A |
5022479 | Kiser et al. | Jun 1991 | A |
5048471 | Takii et al. | Sep 1991 | A |
5064247 | Clark et al. | Nov 1991 | A |
5066062 | Sekulovski | Nov 1991 | A |
5121818 | McComic | Jun 1992 | A |
5133750 | Momose et al. | Jul 1992 | A |
5149915 | Brunker et al. | Sep 1992 | A |
5156198 | Hall | Oct 1992 | A |
5161513 | Feldinger | Nov 1992 | A |
5195092 | Wilson et al. | Mar 1993 | A |
5236219 | Jambor et al. | Aug 1993 | A |
5304739 | Klug et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
5313853 | Olmsted et al. | May 1994 | A |
5317880 | Spears | Jun 1994 | A |
5322340 | Sato et al. | Jun 1994 | A |
5348706 | Abul-Haj et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
5352026 | Snook | Oct 1994 | A |
5416777 | Kirkham | May 1995 | A |
5431485 | Hayashi | Jul 1995 | A |
5492391 | Snook | Feb 1996 | A |
5517173 | Cha et al. | May 1996 | A |
5519588 | Sobeck et al. | May 1996 | A |
5533794 | Faison | Jul 1996 | A |
5557698 | Gareis et al. | Sep 1996 | A |
5584537 | Miansian | Dec 1996 | A |
5613012 | Hoffman et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
5615277 | Hoffman | Mar 1997 | A |
5618323 | Shearn et al. | Apr 1997 | A |
5626057 | Nishigai et al. | May 1997 | A |
5635903 | Koike et al. | Jun 1997 | A |
5637933 | Rawlings et al. | Jun 1997 | A |
5641193 | Zepnik et al. | Jun 1997 | A |
5660243 | Anzalone et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
5694259 | Brandin | Dec 1997 | A |
5702150 | Reuter et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
5734238 | Yanagisawa et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5738369 | Durrani | Apr 1998 | A |
5745027 | Malville | Apr 1998 | A |
5770797 | Lapohn | Jun 1998 | A |
5794733 | Stosel et al. | Aug 1998 | A |
5802922 | Kawai et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5808374 | Miller et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5820224 | Dimatteo, Jr. | Oct 1998 | A |
5821466 | Clark et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
5853857 | Mahmood et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
5870723 | Pare, Jr. et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5883334 | Newmoyer et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5896778 | Murakami et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
5899521 | Pfertner et al. | May 1999 | A |
5910988 | Ballard | Jun 1999 | A |
5934744 | Jergens et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5941105 | Macey | Aug 1999 | A |
D416525 | Sacco et al. | Nov 1999 | S |
5988238 | Palvolgyi | Nov 1999 | A |
6011548 | Thacker | Jan 2000 | A |
6028537 | Suman et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
6032137 | Ballard | Feb 2000 | A |
6056075 | Kargillis | May 2000 | A |
6092898 | de Juan, Jr. | Jul 2000 | A |
6116700 | Herrera | Sep 2000 | A |
6182807 | Saito et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6198244 | Hayden et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
6205880 | Deidewig et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
D440918 | Pfeiffer | Apr 2001 | S |
6234555 | Emmerich et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6234557 | Bae | May 2001 | B1 |
6246808 | Mallon | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6253131 | Quigley et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6253716 | Palmer et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6262982 | Donahue et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6263447 | French et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6269348 | Pare, Jr. et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6282658 | French et al. | Aug 2001 | B2 |
6302228 | Cottereau et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6308205 | Carcerano et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6315326 | Muller et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6321339 | French et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6322158 | Herrera | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6357563 | Hayford et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6366682 | Hoffman et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6397198 | Hoffman et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
6411728 | Lee et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6463901 | Cuddihee et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6479973 | Saito et al. | Nov 2002 | B2 |
6514136 | Hanaya et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
D471139 | Wyszogrod et al. | Mar 2003 | S |
6533466 | Smith | Mar 2003 | B1 |
D481337 | Hartono et al. | Oct 2003 | S |
6669275 | Frasher et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
6693523 | Abel et al. | Feb 2004 | B1 |
6718842 | Bofias | Apr 2004 | B1 |
D492629 | Hartono et al. | Jul 2004 | S |
6780047 | Laity | Aug 2004 | B1 |
6837602 | Lee | Jan 2005 | B1 |
6843115 | Rutherford | Jan 2005 | B2 |
6882917 | Pillar et al. | Apr 2005 | B2 |
6889516 | Sasaki et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6942277 | Rangnekar et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
7004787 | Milan | Feb 2006 | B2 |
7055883 | Tokutomi et al. | Jun 2006 | B2 |
7068158 | Komatsu et al. | Jun 2006 | B2 |
7097233 | Sogame et al. | Aug 2006 | B2 |
7140667 | Steinhauser et al. | Nov 2006 | B2 |
7146129 | Bostrom et al. | Dec 2006 | B2 |
7159486 | Thoreson et al. | Jan 2007 | B2 |
7165871 | Takeda et al. | Jan 2007 | B2 |
D537393 | Chanteloup | Feb 2007 | S |
7206672 | Mueller | Apr 2007 | B2 |
7257397 | Shamoon et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
D551604 | Kapffenstein | Sep 2007 | S |
7266435 | Wang et al. | Sep 2007 | B2 |
D551971 | Hardwick | Oct 2007 | S |
7313467 | Breed et al. | Dec 2007 | B2 |
D559159 | Kazyaka | Jan 2008 | S |
D562738 | Young | Feb 2008 | S |
7341278 | Queveau et al. | Mar 2008 | B2 |
7350273 | Skipper | Apr 2008 | B1 |
7375285 | Chiang | May 2008 | B2 |
D571268 | Hoffman | Jun 2008 | S |
7387414 | Helms et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
7392122 | Pillar et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
7400239 | Kiko et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
D574661 | Logan | Aug 2008 | S |
D575581 | Harris | Aug 2008 | S |
D581843 | Kluck | Dec 2008 | S |
7483952 | Light et al. | Jan 2009 | B2 |
7494178 | Nygaard | Feb 2009 | B2 |
7523683 | Jackson | Apr 2009 | B2 |
D594796 | Ballard et al. | Jun 2009 | S |
7540638 | Dassanayake et al. | Jun 2009 | B2 |
7544886 | Detian et al. | Jun 2009 | B2 |
7547077 | Melberg et al. | Jun 2009 | B2 |
7585031 | White et al. | Sep 2009 | B2 |
D606467 | Ballard et al. | Dec 2009 | S |
7636985 | Greenbank | Dec 2009 | B2 |
7690460 | Sakitani et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
7703961 | Yatsuda et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
7725732 | Ballard | May 2010 | B1 |
7740501 | Ballard et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7747739 | Bridges et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7786851 | Drew et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
20010034671 | Luke et al. | Oct 2001 | A1 |
20020034301 | Andersson | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020073507 | Presley | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020082750 | Lamke et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020102047 | Akkaraju et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020180579 | Nagaoka et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20030011546 | Obata et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
20030015909 | Meek, Jr. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
20030081886 | Wu et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
20030206418 | Strazzanti | Nov 2003 | A1 |
20030225693 | Ballard et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
20040002794 | Pillar et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
20040019413 | Bonilla et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
20040043753 | Wake et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040075537 | Quigley et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
20040129197 | Nakagawa et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040155789 | Crews | Aug 2004 | A1 |
20040158723 | Root | Aug 2004 | A1 |
20040202006 | Pien | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040202007 | Yagi et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20050012607 | Sumiya et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
20050021190 | Worrell et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
20050105296 | French | May 2005 | A1 |
20050107928 | Mueller | May 2005 | A1 |
20050128751 | Roberge et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050140129 | Miki et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050141225 | Striebel | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050155043 | Schulz et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050168071 | Durbin et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050190045 | Lesesky et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050234622 | Pillar et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
20050257613 | Spencer et al. | Nov 2005 | A1 |
20050264268 | Ueno | Dec 2005 | A1 |
20050280253 | Queveau et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
20060017326 | Hein et al. | Jan 2006 | A1 |
20060036335 | Banter et al. | Feb 2006 | A1 |
20060044825 | Sa | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060053281 | Andersson | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060066584 | Barkan | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060097577 | Kato et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
20060097852 | Lammers et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
20060107784 | Bostic et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
20060162485 | Leng et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
20060187670 | Dalton et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
20060200781 | Obradovich | Sep 2006 | A1 |
20060212194 | Breed | Sep 2006 | A1 |
20060243191 | Verdouw | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20060244581 | Breed et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20060256572 | Lin | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20060266273 | Westberg et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20070001830 | Dagci et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
20070011227 | Johnson | Jan 2007 | A1 |
20070024117 | Boenker, IV et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
20070030137 | Masters et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
20070077058 | Kontani | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070096546 | Thomas et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
20070137367 | Papa et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070153406 | Matsumoto | Jul 2007 | A1 |
20070247291 | Masuda et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
20080002420 | Lambert et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080007961 | Mochizuki et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080031004 | Chu | Feb 2008 | A1 |
20080034209 | Dickinson et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
20080042822 | Wang | Feb 2008 | A1 |
20080080203 | Neufeglise | Apr 2008 | A1 |
20080157593 | Bax et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
20080173127 | Ackert et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
20080222844 | Broadhead et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
20090011639 | Ballard et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
20090016216 | Ballard et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
20090040029 | Bridges et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090051522 | Perkins | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090091291 | Woody et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
20090126827 | Guendouz et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
20090161377 | Helms et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
20090200988 | Bridges | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090207602 | Reed et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090223318 | Ballard | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090223437 | Ballard | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090223438 | Ballard | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090223757 | Ballard | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090223789 | Ballard | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090224895 | Ballard | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090267405 | Ballard | Oct 2009 | A1 |
20090271949 | Sprague et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090272313 | Ballard et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090272589 | Ballard | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090273170 | Ballard et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090273208 | Ballard et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090273282 | Ballard et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090273942 | Ballard et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090274416 | Ballard | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090277707 | Ballard | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090289062 | Ballard | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090289757 | Ballard | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20100079997 | Morikawa et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100082277 | Ballard | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100128479 | Biebl et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100301631 | Scott et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
19526809 | Jan 1997 | DE |
10311396 | Sep 2004 | DE |
102004053238 | May 2006 | DE |
0507225 | Oct 1992 | EP |
1429348 | Jun 2004 | EP |
1493630 | Jan 2005 | EP |
462033 | Mar 1937 | GB |
2203483 | Oct 1988 | GB |
05-053594 | May 1993 | JP |
5-169981 | Jul 1993 | JP |
07-302093 | Nov 1995 | JP |
2000-357421 | Dec 2000 | JP |
2002-313144 | Oct 2002 | JP |
2003123176 | Apr 2003 | JP |
2004249788 | Sep 2004 | JP |
2005178427 | Jul 2005 | JP |
2007-010810 | Jan 2007 | JP |
10-2005-0018420 | Feb 2005 | KR |
958180 | Sep 1982 | SU |
2005103627 | Nov 2005 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20110190908 A1 | Aug 2011 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
61034896 | Mar 2008 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 12398901 | Mar 2009 | US |
Child | 12975156 | US |