Patent Application
20240393582
The present disclosure relates to near eye display technology.
The background description provided herein is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work of the presently named inventors, to the extent the work is described in this background section, as well as aspects of the description that may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are neither expressly nor impliedly admitted as prior art against the present disclosure.
Near eye display (NED) devices are being developed to provide an improved user experience in fields such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). The NED devices can include various wearable devices, such as a head mounted display (HMD) device, smart glasses, and the like. In an example, an HMD device includes a relatively small display device and optics that can create a virtual image in the field of view of one or both eyes. To the eye, the virtual image appears at a distance and appears much larger than the relatively small display device.
Aspects of the disclosure provide an optical system. The optical system includes a first lens, a second lens, and a vision correction adapter. The first lens includes a first optically transparent member having a first surface and a second surface. A second lens includes a second optically transparent member having a third surface and a fourth surface. The vision correction adapter is positioned between the first lens and the second lens. The first lens and the second lens are spaced apart by a thickness of the vision correction adapter, and the thickness of the vision correction adapter is selected to correct for one of nearsightedness or farsightedness. A center region of the vision correction adapter includes an opening. The first lens can be flexible.
In an embodiment, the vision correction adapter is a band between two parallel surfaces.
In an example, the thickness of the vision correction adapter is less than a threshold thickness to correct for the nearsightedness, and the thickness of the vision correction adapter is larger than the threshold thickness to correct for the farsightedness.
In an example, the optical system includes a reflective polarizer disposed on one of the first surface and the second surface and a beam splitter disposed on one of the third surface and the fourth surface. The beam splitter is configured to partially transmit and partially reflect light incident onto the beam splitter. The reflective polarizer is configured to pass through light having a first linear polarization state and reflect light having a second linear polarization state that is orthogonal to the first linear polarization state. An optical cavity of at least one of the first lens and the second lens is formed between the reflective polarizer and the beam splitter. The optical system is configured to direct light from a display device to a viewing area, a path of the light from the display device traveling through the optical cavity a plurality of times.
Aspects of the disclosure provide an optical system. The optical system includes a first lens that is flexible and a vision correction adapter. A shape of the vision correction adapter is based on a degree of astigmatism and an orientation of the astigmatism, and the vision correction adapter is configured to alter a shape of the first lens to conform to the shape of the vision correction adapter to correct for the astigmatism.
In an example, a center region of the vision correction adapter includes an opening, the vision correction adapter includes a band and a curved surface, a shape of the curved surface is based on the degree of the astigmatism and the orientation of the astigmatism, and the curved surface is configured to alter the shape of the first lens to conform to the shape of the curved surface.
In an example, the vision correction adapter includes discrete point contacts positioned on a curved surface, a shape of the curved surface is based on the degree of the astigmatism and the orientation of the astigmatism, and the discrete point contacts positioned on the curved surface are configured to alter the shape of the first lens to conform to the shape of the curved surface.
Aspects of the disclosure provide an optical system. The optical system includes a first lens that is flexible and a vision correction adapter. The first lens includes a first optically transparent member having a first surface and a second surface. A center region of the vision correction adapter includes an opening, a tilted surface of the vision correction adapter is tilted with respect to an optical axis of the optical system, a tilt angle and an orientation of the tilted surface of the vision correction adapter are based on double vision, and the vision correction adapter is configured to tilt the first lens according to the tilt angle and the orientation of the tilted surface of the vision correction adapter to correct for the double vision.
In an example, the vision correction adapter includes a band and the tilted surface.
In an example, the optical system includes a second lens including a second optically transparent member having a third surface and a fourth surface, a reflective polarizer, and a beam splitter. The reflective polarizer is disposed on one of the first surface and the second surface and is configured to pass through light having a first linear polarization state and reflect light having a second linear polarization state that is orthogonal to the first linear polarization state. The beam splitter is disposed on one of the third surface and the fourth surface and is configured to partially transmit and partially reflect light incident onto the beam splitter. An optical cavity of at least one of the first lens and the second lens is formed between the reflective polarizer and the beam splitter. The optical system is configured to direct light from a display device to a viewing area, a path of the light from the display device traveling through the optical cavity a plurality of times.
Aspects of the disclosure provide an optical system. The optical system includes a first lens including a first optically transparent member having a first surface and a second surface, a second lens including a second optically transparent member having a third surface and a fourth surface, and a vision correction adapter. At least one of the first lens or the second lens is flexible, a center region of the vision correction adapter includes an opening, and the vision correction adapter is configured to perform a plurality of (i) altering a distance between the first lens and the second lens to correct for one of nearsightedness and farsightedness (ii) altering at least one of a shape of the first lens or a shape of the second lens to conform to a shape of the vision correction adapter to correct for astigmatism and (iii) tilting at least one of the first lens or the second lens according to the shape of the vision correction adapter to correct for double vision.
In an example, the vision correction adapter is configured to alter the distance between the first lens and the second lens to correct for the one of nearsightedness and farsightedness. A thickness of the vision correction adapter is based on a degree of the one of nearsightedness or farsightedness. The vision correction adapter includes a band and a curved surface, and the vision correction adapter is configured to perform at least one of: (i) altering the at least one of the shape of the first lens or the shape of the second lens to conform to the shape of the vision correction adapter to correct for the astigmatism, and (ii) tilting the at least one of the first lens or the second lens according to the shape of the vision correction adapter to correct for double vision.
In an example, the vision correction adapter is configured to alter the at least one of the shape of the first lens or the shape of the second lens to conform to the shape of the vision correction adapter to correct for the astigmatism, and the vision correction adapter is configured to tilt the at least one of the first lens or the second lens according to the shape of the vision correction adapter to correct for double vision.
In an example, the first lens and the second lens are flexible, the vision correction adapter includes a curved surface and a tilted surface, a shape of the curved surface is based on a degree of the astigmatism and an orientation of the astigmatism, the curved surface is configured to alter the shape of the first lens to conform to the shape of the curved surface to correct for the astigmatism, the tilted surface is tilted with respect to an optical axis of the optical system, a tilt angle and an orientation of the tilted surface are based on double vision, and the vision correction adapter is configured to tilt the second lens according to the tilt angle and the orientation of the tilted surface to correct for the double vision.
In an example, the first lens is flexible, the vision correction adapter includes a curved surface, a shape of the curved surface is based on a degree of the astigmatism and an orientation of the astigmatism, the curved surface is configured to alter the shape of the first lens to conform to the shape of the curved surface to correct for the astigmatism, the curved surface is tilted with respect to an optical axis of the optical system, a tilt angle and an orientation of the curved surface are based on double vision, and the vision correction adapter is configured to tilt the first lens according to the tilt angle and the orientation of the curved surface to correct for the double vision.
Aspects of the disclosure provide a method of fabricating a vision correction adapter for an optical system. The method can include obtaining vision correction information for at least one of nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, or double vision and determining one or more of (i) a thickness of the vision correction adapter or (ii) a shape of the vision correction adapter based on the vision correction information. The method can further include fabricating the vision correction adapter based on the determined one or more of the thickness of the vision correction adapter or the shape of the vision correction adapter. A center region of the vision correction adapter can be hollow.
In an example, the fabricated vision correction adapter is configured to space apart a first lens and a second lens in the optical system to correct for the at least one of the nearsightedness, the farsightedness, the astigmatism, or the double vision.
In an example, the thickness of the vision correction adapter is determined based on the nearsightedness or the farsightedness, and the first lens and the second lens are spaced apart by the thickness of the vision correction adapter to correct for the nearsightedness or the farsightedness.
In an example, the first lens is flexible. The shape of the vision correction adapter is determined based on a degree of the astigmatism and an orientation of the astigmatism, and the fabricated vision correction adapter is positioned to alter a shape of the first lens to conform to the shape of the vision correction adapter to correct for the astigmatism.
In an example, the shape of the vision correction adapter is determined based on the double vision, the shape of the vision correction adapter indicates a tilt angle and an orientation of a tilted surface of the vision correction adapter, and the fabricated vision correction adapter is positioned to tilt the first lens according to the tilt angle and the orientation of the tilted surface of the vision correction adapter to correct for the double vision.
Further features, the nature, and various advantages of the disclosed subject matter will be more apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings in which:
A display system can include an optical system that directs light beams from an object on a display device (e.g., an image displayed on the display device) or a real object to a light receiver. The optical system can form an image (e.g., a virtual image) on an image plane based on the light beams. In an embodiment, the light receiver is an eye of a user. If a lens of the eye of the user can form an image on a retina of the eye based on the virtual image on the image plane (or the directed light beams from the display device), the eye can see the object clearly, and the eye has no vision defects. Eye characteristics, such as visual acuity (or sharpness of vision), can vary greatly among users of the display system. When the display system is used by various users or a user with changing or different eye conditions, such as various vision defects (e.g., nearsightedness (or myopia), farsightedness (or hyperopia), astigmatism, and/or double vision), eyes of certain users with vision defects may form images in front of or behind retinas, and certain users may not see objects displayed on the display device or real objects clearly without vision correction, and the eyes have vision defects.
Vision correction may be performed by the display system. The optical system can include at least one lens. Surface(s) of the at least one lens can be flexed or bent such that a surface of the at least one lens can have differing shapes and optical powers in two different axes (e.g., X and Y axes) to correct for astigmatism. The at least one lens can be tilted with respect to an axis (e.g., an optical axis of the optical system or an axis perpendicular to the optical axis) to correct for double vision. The at least one lens can include a first lens and a second lens, and a distance between the first lens and the second lens can be adjusted to correct for myopia or hyperopia.
According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a vision correction adapter (e.g., a prescription correction lens adapter) can be used in the optical system to achieve the vision correction. The at least one lens can include the first lens. A shape of the vision correction adapter can be based on astigmatism (e.g., a degree of astigmatism and an orientation of the astigmatism), and the vision correction adapter can be configured to alter a shape of the first lens to conform to the shape of the vision correction adapter to correct for the astigmatism.
A tilted surface of the vision correction adapter can be tilted, for example, with respect to an axis (e.g., the optical axis of the optical system or an axis that is perpendicular to the optical axis). A tilt angle and an orientation of the tilted surface of the vision correction adapter can be based on double vision (e.g., a degree of double vision and an orientation of double vision), and the vision correction adapter can be positioned against the first lens such that the first lens is tilted according to the tilt angle and the orientation of the tilted surface of the vision correction adapter to correct for the double vision.
The at least one lens can include the first lens and the second lens. The vision correction adapter can be positioned between the first lens and the second lens, the first lens and the second lens can be spaced apart by a thickness of the vision correction adapter, and the thickness of the vision correction adapter can be selected to correct for one of nearsightedness or farsightedness.
The vision correction adapter can be used to correct for a single vision defect, such as described above. The vision correction adapter can also be used to correct for multiple vision defects. For example, the thickness of the vision correction adapter that spaces apart the first lens and the second lens and the shape of the vision correction adapter can be determined such that (i) nearsightedness or farsightedness, (ii) astigmatism, and/or (iii) double vision can be corrected for. The shape of the vision correction adapter can be determined based on astigmatism and/or double vision.
In an example, the optical system and the display device can be configured to be positioned within a distance threshold (e.g., 35 mm) of an eye of a user, and the display system can be referred to as a near eye display (NED) system. For example, the display system is a head mounted display (HMD) system worn by a user.
Considering human factors, such as human vision (e.g., a field of view (FOV) of a human eye, eye rotation), head rotation, and the like may help design optical parameters of a display system. An optical design with a high resolution over a range of eye rotations can make a viewing experience of a user more natural.
Unconstrained or unconscious eye rotation can be less than 20°.
In an example, humans have a slightly over 210° forward-facing horizontal arc of visual fields without eye movements. A horizontal FOV of both human eyes can be 210°. A vertical range of the visual field (or the vertical FOV) in humans is around 150°.
A human eye is not a perfect lens over a large FOV. Visual acuity can indicate clarity or sharpness of vision. An eccentricity can refer to an angular distance from a center of a visual field or from the foveola of a retina.
Vision correction can be applied to correct vision defects in various viewers.
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Diplopia can refer to a simultaneous perception of two images of a single object. The two images may be displaced or shifted in relation to each other, for example, horizontally or vertically. Due to double vision, the single object can be imaged onto two images that partially overlap. A binocular double vision (or binocular diplopia) can refer to a type of double vision where the two images are seen by two eyes of a viewer, respectively, and the two images are perceived by the viewer as shifted from each other or partially overlapped.
A lens which includes a prism correction (e.g., prism glasses) can correct for the double vision, such as the binocular double vision. In an example, through prism correction, one (e.g., seen by a right eye) of the two images can be shifted with respect to another image (e.g., seen by a left eye) of the two images such that the double images can be merged into a single clear image. Prism glasses have lenses that are made of prisms can bend light, before the light hits a retina to shift an image position. The lens including the prism correction can displace a viewed image horizontally, vertically, or along any suitable direction (e.g., a combination of both directions). By moving the image in front of a deviated eye, double vision (e.g., the binocular double vision) can be corrected.
Prism correction can be measured by two parameters, a prism diopter (PD) and a prism orientation or direction indicated by a position of a base.
In an example, the prism orientation includes a base out (BO) indicating the base (81) pointing towards a wearer's ear, a base in (BI) indicating the base (81) pointing towards a wearer's nose, a base up (BU) indicating the base (81) pointing up, and a base down (BD) indicating the base (81) pointing down.
A prism diopter can indicate a prism power or an amount of prism correction to correct for double vision. A prism diopter can indicate prismatic deflection. The prism diopter can depend on a prism angle or apex angle. The prism angle can be an angle Δ between two surfaces (85)-(86) at which a light beam (84) enters and leaves the prism (80).
Referring to
Bending a lens may correct vision defects such as astigmatism. In some examples, a bending profile of the bent lens may not be controlled accurately to correct vision defects such as astigmatism. According to some embodiments of the disclosure, a vision correction adapter, such as a mechanical adapter, can be configured to bend and/or shift a lens (e.g., a plastic curved mirror) in a catadioptric VR optical system and to enable correction of vision defects including farsightedness, nearsightedness, astigmatism, and/or double vision. By controlling a shape of the vision correction adapter (e.g., the mechanical adapter) and positioning the vision correction adapter adjacent to a lens, a shape of the lens can be controlled more accurately than bending the lens without the vision correction adapter.
An optical power can indicate a degree to which an optical system or an optical component (e.g., a lens or a curved mirror) converges or diverges light. In an example, the optical power of the optical component or system is indicated by a parameter a diopter (or an optical diopter). The diopter can be equal to a reciprocal of a focal length f of the optical component or system. A higher optical power indicates (i) a stronger focusing power for a converging optical component/system or (ii) a stronger diverging power for a diverging optical component/system.
A parameter relative diopter can indicate a difference between a first diopter of the optical system with a vision correction and a second diopter of the optical system without the vision correction. A relative diopter can indicate a degree of vision correction to (i) nearsightedness or farsightedness or (ii) astigmatism.
The optical system (110) can include a lens system (130), a beam splitter (BS) (141), a reflective polarizer (139), and/or the like. In an example, the optical system (110) includes a waveplate, such as a quarter-wave plate (QWP) (142). The display device (120) can include a pixel array configured to emit light beams and display images. The optical system (110) can direct the emitted light beams from an object A (e.g., an image A displayed on the display device (120)) on the display device (120) or a real object to a viewing position or an area (or a viewing area) (151) located at the viewing position. In an example, the area (151) is located in an XY plane. In an example, the area (151) is referred to as an exit pupil of the display system (100). The XY plane includes an X axis and the Y axis that is orthogonal to the X axis. A light receiver or detector, such as an eye (60) of a user or the like, can be located at the area (151). In an example, a lens (63) in the eye (60) forms an image A′ on a retina (65) of the eye (60) based on the object A, and the eye (60) perceives the object A on the display device (120) as a virtual image A″ on an image plane (199A) in
An optical cavity can be formed between the beam splitter (141) and the reflective polarizer (139). In the example shown in
The lens system (130) can include one or more lenses, such as a first lens (131) and a second lens (132). The first lens (131) can include an optically transparent member (145) having two opposite surfaces (135)-(136). The second lens (132) can include an optically transparent member (146) having two opposite surfaces (137)-(138). An optical axis (160) of the lens system (130) can be parallel to a Z axis that is perpendicular to the XY plane. The first lens (131) and the second lens (132) can have circular symmetry around the optical axis (160). For example, in
Surfaces of the one or more lenses in the lens system (130), such as the surfaces (135)-(138), can have any suitable shapes or surface curvatures, such as planar shape(s) parallel to the XY plane, spheric shape(s) with any suitable radius of curvature, aspheric shape(s), or other shape(s). One or more of the surfaces (135)-(138) can be smooth. One or more of the surfaces (135)-(138) can be grooved, for example, including a microstructure, such as a Fresnel structure. Shapes of the surfaces (135)-(138) can be determined based on design parameters, such as focal lengths, aberration requirements, lens thicknesses, flatness(es) of the lenses, and the like. The one or more lenses can include converging and/or diverging lens(es). The second lens (132) can be a spheric-spheric lens, a plano-spheric lens, an aspheric-spheric lens, an aspheric-aspheric lens, or the like. In the example of
The optically transparent members (145)-(146) can include any suitable material(s) including but not limited to glass (e.g., borosilicate glass, dense flint glass), polymer, plastic material(s), such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyimide, acrylic, styrene, cyclic olefin polymer, cyclic olefin co-polymer, polycarbonate, and/or the like. A glass lens can be fabricated by grinding and polishing, a glass molding method, and/or the like. A polymer or plastic lens can be fabricated by diamond turning, polishing, injection molding, casting, and/or the like.
In some embodiments, one or more lenses in the lens system (130) can be flexible. A lens (e.g., the first lens (131) or the second lens (132)) can be made flexible by having a thickness less than a threshold (e.g., being mechanically thin) to add flexibility. The optically transparent member (145) and/or the optically transparent member (146) can include cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) and/or PMMA to improve durability and/or flexibility.
The BS (141) and the reflective polarizer (139) can be disposed between the area (151) and the display device (120). The quarter-wave plate (142) can be disposed between the beam splitter (141) and the reflective polarizer (139). Anti-reflection (AR) coating(s) can be applied to any suitable surface(s) of the optical system (110) to reduce unwanted reflections of the light beams, for example, to reduce or eliminate ghosting due to the multi-reflections at various interfaces. The BS (141), the reflective polarizer (139), and/or the quarter-wave plate (142) can be thin-film optical component(s), for example, including one or more layers of optical films. A thickness (e.g., a maximum thickness or an average thickness) of a thin-film optical component (e.g., the BS (141), the reflective polarizer (139), or the quarter-wave plate (142)) can be less than a thickness threshold, such as 200 microns, 100 microns, or the like. A thin-film optical component (e.g., the BS (141), the reflective polarizer (139), or the quarter-wave plate (142)) can be disposed onto a surface of the first lens (131) or the second lens (132). A shape of the thin-film optical component (e.g., the BS (141), the reflective polarizer (139), or the quarter-wave plate (142)) can conform substantially or completely to a shape of a surface of the first lens (131) or the second lens (132).
The reflective polarizer (139) can be configured to pass through a light beam having a first linear polarization state and reflect a light beam having a second linear polarization state. The second linear polarization state is orthogonal to the first linear polarization state. The reflective polarizer (139) can be formed on a surface (e.g., (136)) in the lens system (130). The reflective polarizer (139) can be disposed onto the surface (136) of the first lens (131). A shape of the reflective polarizer (139) can conform substantially or completely to a shape (e.g., a planar shape, a spheric shape, an aspheric shape, or the like) of the surface (136) of the first lens (131). In the example shown in
The beam splitter (141) can be configured to partially transmit and partially reflect light beams incident onto the beam splitter (141). The beam splitter (141) can have an average optical transmittance T and an average optical reflectance R. In an example, a sum of T and R is 1 (i.e., 100%) over a wavelength range (e.g., 380 to 780 nanometers (nm)). The average optical transmittance T and the average optical reflectance R of the beam splitter (141) can be referred to as T/R. T or R can be in a range (e.g., from 40% to 60%). In an example, the beam splitter (141) has T/R of 40/60, 50/50, or 60/40. For example, if T and R are 50%, the beam splitter (141) transmits 50% and reflects 50% of the light beams incident onto the beam splitter (141). The beam splitter (141) partially transmits and partially reflects light beams from the display device (120) or a real object. In an example, the BS (141) is disposed onto the surface (137) of the second lens (132). The surface (137) of the second lens (132) can have any suitable shape, such as aspheric or spheric. A shape of the BS (141) can conform substantially or completely to a shape (e.g., a spheric shape or an aspheric shape) of the surface (137) of the second lens (132).
A polarization state of a light beam can be altered as the light beam passes through certain optical elements. In an embodiment, a polarization state of a light beam can be altered by a waveplate or a retarder as the light beam travels through the waveplate. The quarter-wave plate (142) can alter a polarization state of a light beam traveling through the quarter-wave plate (142), for example, by 900 or π/2. In an example, the quarter-wave plate (142) converts linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light or circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light. The quarter-wave plate (142) can be formed on the surface (135) in the lens system (130).
A light beam can be randomly polarized if the light beam includes a rapidly varying succession of different polarization states. A light beam can be polarized, such as linearly polarized (e.g., in a linear polarization state), circularly polarized (e.g., in a circular polarization state), elliptically polarized (e.g., in an elliptical polarization state), or the like. For the linearly polarized light, an electric field vector of the light beam is along a particular line. For the circularly polarized light, an electric field vector of the light beam rotates, e.g., clockwise or counter-clockwise as seen by an observer toward whom the light beam is propagating.
Degree of polarization (DOP) is a quantity that indicates a portion of an electromagnetic wave (e.g., a light beam) that is polarized. A perfectly polarized wave can have a DOP of 100%, and an unpolarized wave can have a DOP of 0%. A partially polarized wave can be represented by a superposition of a polarized component and an unpolarized component, and thus can have a DOP between 0 and 100%. DOP can be calculated as a fraction of a total power that is carried by the polarized component of the wave (e.g., a light beam).
A light beam (e.g., the light beam generated from each pixel in the display device (120)) can have any suitable polarization state(s) or DOP. In an example, the light beam is circularly polarized having a DOP of 100%. In an example, the light beam is predominantly circularly polarized having a relatively large DOP that is above a threshold (e.g., 80% or above), such as a superposition of (i) a circularly polarized component and (ii) an unpolarized component and/or another polarization component. A circularly polarized light beam having a DOP of 100% or a predominantly circularly polarized light beam having a relatively large DOP can be referred to as a circularly polarized light beam in the disclosure. In an example, a light beam is linearly polarized having a DOP of 100% or predominantly linearly polarized having a relatively large DOP that is above a threshold. A linearly polarized light beam having a DOP of 100% or a predominantly linearly polarized light beam having a relatively large DOP can be referred to as a linearly polarized light beam in the disclosure.
The display device (120) can include a pixel array. In some examples, the pixel array includes multiple pixels arranged to form a two-dimensional surface. The two-dimensional surface of the display device (120) can be substantially flat or planar, can be curved, or can include a combination of flat and planar panels. The display device (120) can be a display panel. The display device (120) can include any suitable type(s) of display panel(s), such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel(s), an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel(s), and/or the like. A resolution of the display device (120) can be defined according to pixels in the two dimensions or one of the two dimensions of the two-dimensional surface. Each pixel in the pixel array can generate a light beam. Each light beam can include a bundle of light rays in any suitable direction. For example, a light beam emitted by a pixel on the object A on the display device (120) includes a bundle of light rays in suitable directions. A subset (124) of the light rays in the light beam can be directed by the optical system (110) to the area (151). An angular span of the subset (124) of the light beam can be determined based on an acceptance angle ω of the optical system (110). Three light rays (121)-(123) of the subset (124) of the light beam are shown in
The optical system (110) can be configured to modify the light beams generated by the display device (120) or a real object, and direct the modified light beams to the area (151). The optical system (110) can be disposed between the display device (120) and the area (151). The second lens (132) can be disposed between the first lens (131) and the display device (120). In an example, the first lens (131) can be referred to as an eye lens according to a proximity to the area (151) (e.g., the eye (60)), and the second lens (132) can be referred to as a display lens according to a proximity to the display device (120).
Referring to
According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the optical system (110) can include the vision correction adapter (401). The optical cavity can include the lens system (130), a distance or a gap (197) between the first lens (131) and the second lens (132), and the QWP (142). The distance or the gap (197) between the first lens (131) and the second lens (132) can refer to a distance (or a gap) between a vertex V1 (e.g., an intersection of the surface (135) and the optical axis (160)) of the first lens (131) and a vertex V2 (e.g., an intersection of the surface (138) and the optical axis (160)) of the second lens (132). The gap (197) between the first lens (131) and the second lens (132) can be determined by the vision correction adapter (401) (e.g., a thickness of the vision correction adapter (401)). A thickness T between the surfaces (402)-(403) of the vision correction adapter (401) can be identical to the gap (197) between the first lens (131) and the second lens (132).
The vision correction adapter (401) includes a circular band between two parallel surfaces. A center region of the vision correction adapter (401) can include an opening. Referring to
The light beams emitted from the display device (120) can be partially transmitted by the beam splitter (141). Subsequently, the light beams pass the optical cavity a plurality of times. In an example, the light beams pass the optical cavity for a first time and are reflected by the reflective polarizer (139). The light beams then pass the optical cavity for a second time and are partially reflected by the beam splitter (141). After passing the optical cavity for a third time, the light beams are transmitted by the reflective polarizer (139) and reach the area (151).
The optical system (110) includes a catadioptric optical system. For example, the catadioptric optical system (110) includes (i) refractive optical components (e.g., the lens system (130)) and (ii) reflective optical components (e.g., the beam splitter (141) when acting as a reflector to reflect light and the reflective polarizer (139) when acting as a reflector to reflect light).
The catadioptric optical system (110) may include a polarized catadioptric optical system. For example, each time the light beams pass through the QWP (142), a polarization state of the light beams is manipulated by the QWP (142). Accordingly, the light beams are in one polarization state and is reflected by the reflective polarizer (139) after the first pass, and the light beams are in another polarization state and is transmitted by the reflective polarizer (139) after passing the optical cavity for a third time.
The optical system (110) may be referred to as a folded optical system. As light beams are reflected between the beam splitter (141) and the reflective polarizer (139), and travel multiple times (e.g., three times) in the optical cavity, an optical path between the display device (120) and the area (151) includes a folded path (125) between the beam splitter (141) and the reflective polarizer (139). The folding of the optical path can allow the distance D1 to be decreased, and the display system (100) including the optical system (110) can be used as a NED system. In an example, the lens system (130) is designed to have a relatively small thickness D5, and may be referred to as a pancake lens system.
Referring to
After the ray (122) passes the optical cavity for the first time, the ray (122) is reflected back into the optical cavity by the reflective polarizer (139). Subsequently, the ray (122) passes the optical cavity for a second time where the ray (122) sequentially passes through the first lens (131), the QWP (142), the gap (197), and the second lens (132).
After the ray (122) passes the optical cavity for the second time, the ray (122) is partially reflected back into the optical cavity by the beam splitter (141). Subsequently, the ray (122) passes the optical cavity for a third time where the ray (122) sequentially passes through the second lens (132), the gap (197), the QWP (142), and the first lens (131). Then, the ray (122) is transmitted by the reflective polarizer (139) and travels to the area (151). In an example, the ray (122) is focused by the lens (63) of the eye (60) onto the retina (65), and the eye (60) perceives the ray (122) as if the ray (122) is from a virtual point on the virtual image A″.
The light beams emitted from the pixels in the display device (120) can be circularly polarized, for example, in a first circular polarization state. The beam splitter (141) partially transmits the ray (122) in the first circular polarization state. Then the ray (122) passes the optical cavity for the first time as described above. During the first pass, the first circular polarization state of the ray (122) is converted to the second linear polarization state by the QWP (142). The second linear polarization state is along a block direction of the reflective polarizer (139). The block direction of the reflective polarizer (139) refers to a direction where if an electric field vector of a light beam is along the block direction, the light beam is blocked by the reflective polarizer (139) and is not transmitted through the reflective polarizer (139). The reflective polarizer (139) reflects the ray (122) having the second linear polarization state, for example, with a relatively high average reflectance that is above or equal to a value (e.g., 90%) over a wavelength range (e.g., 380 to 780 nm). Then the ray (122) passes the optical cavity for the second time as described above, and the ray (122) is partially reflected by the beam splitter (141). Subsequently, the ray (122) passes the optical cavity for the third time as described above. During both the second pass and the third pass, the QWP (142) alters the polarization state of the ray (122). Accordingly, the second linear polarization state of the ray (122) is converted to the first linear polarization state that is parallel to a transmission direction of the reflective polarizer (139). Thus, the reflective polarizer (139) transmits the ray (122) having the first linear polarization state such that the ray (122) is directed to the area (151) with a relatively high transmittance that is above or equal to a value (e.g., 90%) over a wavelength range (e.g., 380 to 780 nm). Referring to
As described above in
The display system (100) and the optical system (110) in
Referring to
Referring to
According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the thickness T of the vision correction adapter (401) can be larger than the threshold thickness (or the value T1) to correct for the farsightedness, such as shown in
The display system (100) and the optical system (110) in
The lens (63) in the eye (60) forms an image C′ on the retina (65) of the eye (60) based on the virtual image C″, and thus the eye (60) can see the object A on the display device (120) clearly with the vision correction by increasing the gap (197) between the first lens (131) and the second lens (132).
Referring to
For a normal eyesight (indicated by a row (501)) that is without nearsightedness and without farsightedness, no vision correction is applied to the display system (100) as shown in
The resolution of the display system (100) without the vision correction can indicate a degree of nearsightedness or farsightedness. A degree (e.g., a value) of the relative diopter can depend on the resolution of the display system (100) without the vision correction. For example, the larger the RMS size without the vision correction, the larger an absolute relative diopter used to correct for nearsightedness or farsightedness. The thickness of the vision correction adapter (401) or the gap (197) can be determined based on the sign and the degree of the relative diopter.
For nearsightedness indicated by rows (502)-(505), the vision correction is applied to the display system (100) to correct for the nearsightedness, such as shown in
For farsightedness indicated by rows (506)-(511), the vision correction is applied to the display system (100) to correct for the farsightedness, such as shown in
As indicated by
Astigmatism can occur, for example, when a cornea or a lens of an eye is irregularly shaped. Astigmatism can cause an image to appear blurry or distorted because light is not focused properly on a retina of the eye. When an eye is evenly rounded (e.g., with a ball shape), no astigmatism occurs. When the eye has an irregular shape (e.g., oval-shaped), astigmatism can occur. In an example, astigmatism is caused by a cornea and/or a lens in the eye that have irregular shape(s) (e.g., oval-shaped). For example, horizontal astigmatism can occur when a width of the eye is larger than a height of the eye, and vertical astigmatism can occur when the width of the eye is less than the height of the eye. With astigmatism, vision can be blurry.
Astigmatism of an eye can be indicated by a degree of the astigmatism and an orientation of the astigmatism. A relative diopter (e.g., a parameter cylindrical power or Cylinder (CYL)) can measure in diopters the degree of the astigmatism of the eye and can be a negative or a positive number. A bigger Cylinder (CYL) can indicate more astigmatism. A parameter Axis can be a number between 0° and 180° that can indicate the orientation of the astigmatism.
A cylindrical lens can be used to correct astigmatism. A prescription for the cylindrical lens can specify the optical power or the cylindrical power (e.g., using the parameter Cylinder (CYL)) of the cylindrical lens, as well as the axis (e.g., using the parameter Axis) at which the cylindrical lens is to be placed. In an example, a cylindrical lens has an optical power in a first axis and has no optical power in a second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis.
In some examples, surface(s) of a lens (e.g., a spherical lens having an identical optical power in the first axis and in the second axis) can be flexed or bent such that a surface of the lens can have differing shapes and thus the lens can have different optical powers in two different axes (e.g., the first axis and the second axis) to correct for astigmatism.
Referring to
The vision correction adapter (411) can include a circular band between surfaces (412)-(413). A center region of the vision correction adapter (411) can include an opening. At least one of the surfaces (412)-(413) is curved. In the example shown in
Referring to
The vision correction adapter (411) can be positioned in any suitable position in the optical system (110), such as adjacent to the one or more lenses whose shapes the vision correction adapter (411) can change. In the example shown in
The resolution of the display system (100) without the vision correction can indicate a degree of astigmatism. A degree (e.g., a value) of the relative diopter can depend on the resolution of the display system (100) without the vision correction. For example, the larger the RMS size without the vision correction, the larger an absolute relative diopter used to correct for astigmatism. The radius of curvature (and the cylindrical sag) of the curved surface (412) of the vision correction adapter (411) can be determined based on the sign and the degree of the astigmatism.
For a normal eyesight (indicated by a row (601)) that is without astigmatism, no correction to astigmatism is applied to the display system (100), such as shown in
The relative diopters can be negative (e.g., indicated by rows (602)-(603)) or positive (e.g., indicated by rows (602)-(603)) to correct for the astigmatism. The resolution of the display system (100) can be improved significantly by correcting the astigmatism, for example, the resolution increases approximately 10 to 30 times with the astigmatism correction indicated by the rows (602)-(606) (e.g., the RMS size without correction is approximately 10 to 30 times as large as a corresponding RMS size with correction).
As described in
The display system (100) in
In an example, the display system (100) in
Referring to
According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a lens (e.g., the first lens (131)) can be attached to a vision correction adapter (e.g., a prism) to correct for double vision (e.g., binocular double vision), as shown in
The prism (801) can be configured to tilt the first lens (131) according to the tilt angle α and the orientation (e.g., BO, BI, BU, BD, or the like) of the prism (801) to correct for the double vision. The prism (801) can be positioned against the first lens (131) (e.g., a peripheral region of the first lens (131)) such that the first lens (131) is tilted based on the tilt angle α and the orientation of the prism (801). The prism (801) can be positioned at any suitable position (e.g., to the left or to the right of the first lens (131)) in the optical system (110).
Vision defects such as nearsightedness/farsightedness, astigmatism, and double vision can be corrected for individually, such as shown in
In an example, nearsightedness/farsightedness and astigmatism is corrected for by a vision correction adapter. A shape of the vision correction adapter is determined based on astigmatism (e.g., as described in
In an example, nearsightedness/farsightedness and double vision is corrected for by a vision correction adapter. A shape of the vision correction adapter (e.g., a prism with a certain prism angle) is determined based on double vision (e.g., as described in
In an example, astigmatism and double vision is corrected for by a vision correction adapter. A shape of the vision correction adapter is determined based on astigmatism and double vision. The vision correction adapter can be positioned between the first lens (131) and the second lens (132) such that one of the first lens (131) and the second lens (132) is tilted based on the tilt angle of the vision correction adapter, as described above. Further, one of the first lens (131) and the second lens (132) is flexed, such as described in
Referring to
The vision correction adapter (421) can include a circular band between surfaces (422) and (424). A center region of the vision correction adapter (421) can include an opening. At least one of the surfaces (422) and (424) is curved. In the example shown in
The curved surface (422) of the vision correction adapter (421) can be configured to alter the shape of the first lens (131) to conform to the curved surface (422), such as described above. In an example, the vision correction adapter (421) is positioned against the first lens (131) (e.g., a peripheral region of the first lens (131)) such that the first lens (131) is flexed based on the curved surface (422) of the vision correction adapter (421). In an example, the first lens (131) is attached to the vision correction adapter (421).
In an example, in the XZ plane, shapes of the surfaces (135)-(136) are changed (e.g., different from the shapes of the surfaces (135)-(136) in
Referring to
The vision correction adapter (421) can be positioned in any suitable position in the optical system (110), such as adjacent to one or more lenses whose shapes the vision correction adapter (421) can change. In the example, the vision correction adapter (421) is positioned between the first lens (131) and the second lens (132), and the vision correction adapter (421) is configured to change the shape of the first lens (131) based on the shape of the surface (422) and tilt the second lens (132) based on the shape of the surface (424).
Referring to
The vision defects including nearsightedness/farsightedness, astigmatism, and double vision can be corrected for using a single vision correction adapter. For example, a thickness of the vision correction adapter (421) that is configured to correct for astigmatism and double vision is selected to correct for nearsightedness or farsightedness, the vision correction adapter (421) is positioned between the first lens (131) and the second lens (132), and the first lens (131) and the second lens (132) are spaced apart by the thickness of the vision correction adapter (421). Thus, the vision correction adapter (421) can correct for nearsightedness/farsightedness, astigmatism, and double vision.
In some examples, multiple vision correction adapters are used in the optical system (110) to correct for nearsightedness/farsightedness, astigmatism, and/or double vision. A first vision correction adapter can correct for one or more of nearsightedness/farsightedness, astigmatism, and double vision, and a second vision correction adapter can correct for another one of nearsightedness/farsightedness, astigmatism, and double vision that is different from the one or more of nearsightedness/farsightedness, astigmatism, and double vision. In an example, the first vision correction adapter is configured to correct for nearsightedness/farsightedness, and the second vision correction adapter can correct for astigmatism and/or double vision. The multiple vision correction adapters can be positioned in any suitable positions in the optical system (110). In an example, the first vision correction adapter is positioned between the first lens (131) and the second lens (132) to correct for nearsightedness/farsightedness, and the second vision correction adapter is positioned outside the lens system (130), such as to the left of the first lens (131) to flex or tilt the first lens (131) or to the right of the second lens (132) to flex or tilt the second lens (132) to correct for astigmatism and/or double vision.
The vision correction adapter can be used to correct for vision defect(s) of a viewer of an optical system including at least one lens, such as one lens, two lenses (e.g., shown in the optical system (110) in the disclosure), or more than two lenses. One or more surfaces of the vision correction adapter can be tilted to correct for double vision. One or more surfaces of the vision correction adapter can be curved to correct for astigmatism. A surface of the vision correction adapter can be shaped based on astigmatism and/or double vision. A curved and/or tilted surface of the vision correction adapter can be positioned against a surface of a lens in the optical system to flex the surface of the lens and/or tilt the lens. The vision correction adapter can be positioned against one lens to flex and/or tilt the lens. The vision correction adapter can be positioned against two lenses (e.g., (131) and (132) to (i) flex and/or tilt the first lens (131) and (ii) flex and/or tilt the second lens (132).
A lens in the optical system (110) can be flexed or tilted by the vision correction adapter that is controlled by the controller (180). Any suitable positional control and/or orientational control (or angular control) (e.g., mechanically, electrically, and/or the like) can be applied by the controller (180) and the shift block (170) to control a position and an orientation of the vision correction adapter with relatively high accuracy, such as on an order of 1 micron or 10 microns. Further, the lens being controlled can be made flexible and durable. Thus, a shape and/or a tilt angle of the lens can conform completely or substantially to the shape of the vision correction adapter. Thus, in various embodiments, vision defects can be corrected for more accurately by using the vision correction adapter in the optical system (110) than without the vision correction adapter.
As described in the disclosure, the center region of the vision correction adapter (e.g., (401), (411), (421), or (801)) to correct for the vision defect(s) can include an opening. Thus, light beams passing through the opening (or the center region) of the vision correction adapter are not obstructed or affected by the vision correction adapter in the optical system (110). In an example, a size of the opening of the vision correction adapter is selected such that light beams within the acceptance angle ω of the optical system (110) (e.g., the subset (124) of the light beam) can pass the opening of the vision correction adapter without being affected by the circular band of the vision correction adapter.
Referring to
In an embodiment, the vision correction adapter includes discrete point contacts positioned on a curved surface. A shape of the curved surface can be based on astigmatism (e.g., a degree of the astigmatism and an orientation of the astigmatism), and the discrete point contacts positioned on the curved surface can be configured to alter a shape of a lens (e.g., the first lens (131) or the second lens (132)) to conform to the shape of the curved surface to correct for astigmatism.
In an embodiment, the vision correction adapter includes discrete point contacts positioned on a tilted surface. A shape of the tilted surface can be based on double vision (e.g., a degree of double vision and an orientation of double vision), and the discrete point contacts positioned on the tilted surface can be configured to tilt a lens (e.g., the first lens (131) or the second lens (132)) to conform to the tilted surface to correct for double vision.
In an embodiment, the vision correction adapter includes discrete point contacts positioned on a curved surface. A shape of the curved surface can be based on astigmatism and double vision. The discrete point contacts positioned on the curved surface can be configured to alter a shape of a lens (e.g., the first lens (131) or the second lens (132)) and to tilt the lens to correct for astigmatism and double vision.
In an embodiment, the vision correction adapter includes first discrete point contacts positioned on a curved surface and second discrete point contacts positioned on a tilted surface. A shape of the curved surface can be based on astigmatism. A shape of the tilted surface can be based on double vision. The first discrete point contacts positioned on the curved surface can be configured to alter a shape of a lens (e.g., a flexible lens) (e.g., the first lens (131)) to correct for astigmatism. The second discrete point contacts positioned on the tilted surface can be configured to tilt another lens (e.g., a flexible lens) (e.g., the second lens (132)) to correct for double vision.
Depending on a mechanical reference such as a reference plane in an optical system, the vision correction adapter can be positioned outside of a lens system (e.g., including two lenses) and not between two lenses, and can control the spacing, tilting, and/or bending of a lens relative to another lens. The vision correction adapter can bend one or both lenses simultaneously. The vision correction adapter can tilt one lens or both lenses simultaneously with respect to a reference axis. The vision correction adapter can change a spacing between two lenses, or spacing(s) between one or two lenses to a reference surface. The vision correction adapter can be positioned between a lens in the lens system and another optical component (e.g., the display device (120)) and can be configured to change a spacing between the lens and the other optical component. The vision correction adapter can be positioned between the two lenses in the lens system and can be configured to change the spacing between the two lenses in the lens system. For example, the vision correction adapter is placed outside the lens system, such as between the lens system and a display device, such that a spacing between the two lenses remains unchanged and a spacing between the lens system and the display device changes. In an example, the vision correction adapter can be placed in the lens system such that a spacing between the two lenses changes, and a spacing between the display device (e.g., (120)) to one (e.g., (132)) of the two lenses remains unchanged.
In some examples, the center region of the vision correction adapter (e.g., (401) or (801)) does not include an opening. AR coatings can be applied to the surfaces of the vision correction adapter to reduce unwanted reflections of the light beams, for example, to reduce or eliminate ghosting due to the multi-reflections at the surfaces of the vision correction adapter.
In some embodiments, one or more lenses in the optical system (110) of the display system (100) can be flexible. A lens can be made flexible by having a thickness less than a threshold (e.g., being mechanically thin) to add flexibility. The lens can be made from lens material(s) (e.g., (145) or (146)) that are flexible and/or durable to improve durability and/or flexibility. The lens material(s) can include polymer, such as cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), PMMA, and/or the like.
In the example shown in
Birefringence of a flexible (e.g., bendable) lens can be managed if the flexible lens is inside a polarization system path. Birefringence of the flexible lens that is outside the polarization system path may not need to be managed.
In an example, the vision correction adapter described in the disclosure can be used to correct for vision defect(s) including nearsightedness/farsightedness, astigmatism, and/or double vision when the optical path in the optical system does not fold, for example, light beams only travel through the optical system (110) once.
The display system (100) can be a component in an artificial reality system. The artificial reality system can adjust reality in some manner into artificial reality and then present the artificial reality to a user. The artificial reality can include, e.g., a virtual reality (VR), an augmented reality (AR), a mixed reality (MR), a hybrid reality, or some combination and/or derivatives thereof. Artificial reality content may include completely generated content or generated content combined with captured (e.g., real world) content. The artificial reality content may include video, audio, haptic feedback, or some combination thereof, and any of which can be presented in a single channel or in multiple channels (such as stereo video that produces a three-dimensional effect to the user). In some examples, the display system (100) can be applied to playback of live or prerecorded video.
In an embodiment, a “near eye” display system can include an optical system (e.g., including one or more optical elements) and a display device that are placed within the distance threshold of an eye of a user when the NED system (100) (e.g., an HMD, or smart glasses) is utilized. Referring to
The display system (100) can be a NED system implemented in various forms, such as an HMD system, smart glasses, a smart phone, and/or the like. In some examples, the artificial reality system is implemented as a standalone NED system. In some examples, the artificial reality system is implemented as a NED system connected to a host computer system, such as a server device, a console device, and the like.
To achieve high quality imaging, the reflective polarizer (139) is to have high-quality, such as a high reflectance (e.g., the high average reflectance) in the block direction, a high transmittance (e.g., the high average transmittance) in the pass direction, relatively small surface roughness, and the like. Further, the AR coating can be applied to any suitable surface(s) in the optical system (110) to reduce or eliminate ghosting due to the multi-reflections at various interfaces.
Polarized catadioptric optical systems are emerging solutions for virtual reality HMDs. A good VR optical system can include a large pupil volume (also referred to as an eye box) to accommodate multiple interpupillary distances and to allow for eye rotation as the user scans across the FOV. In an example, the eye box indicates a volume where an eye receives an acceptable view of an image. A size and a location of the eye box can be related to a number of constraints, such as a FOV and image quality. In an example, the eye box indicates a range of eye positions, at an eye relief distance, from which an image produced by the optical system (110) is visible. The eye box can include eye movements, such as eye rotation and/or lateral movement.
In a polarized catadioptric optical system, such as the display system (100), a folded optical path (e.g., the folded path (125)) can be used to achieve a relatively high optical power with a compact form factor. In the example shown in
The display system (100) can have a large pupil volume to accommodate multiple interpupillary distances and to allow for eye rotation as a user scans across the FOV. An interpupillary distance (IPD) is a distance between centers of pupils of eyes of a user. IPDs can vary with respect to age, gender, or the like. The display system (100) can be designed by taking IPD variance into account such that the optical system (110) can accommodate various users with different IPDs. In an example, IPDs vary from approximately 50 to 80 mm.
In an example, the display system (100) can adjust a diopter of a lens in the lens system (130) to match the prescription. In an example, the diopter indicates a virtual object distance. Increasing the diopter can make an object appear closer. The focus accommodation can be achieved by changing an optical power of the optical system. The optical power of a folded mirror cavity (e.g., the optical cavity between the beam splitter (141) and the reflective polarizer (139)) can be changed by varying a cavity length (or a gap) relative to a reference cavity length corresponding to a reference optical power, as described in
Referring back to
The shift block (170) can apply the spatial pixel shift adjustment mechanically or optically. The shift block (170) can include a mechanical shifter to apply the spatial pixel shift adjustment. In some examples, the mechanical shifter can shift the display device (120) to apply the spatial pixel shift adjustment. In some examples, the mechanical shifter can shift at least one optical element (e.g., the first lens (131) or the second lens (132)) to apply the spatial pixel shift adjustment. A relatively small adjustment to the gap (197) can be amplified, for example, 3 times, due to the folded path (125) in the optical cavity.
The display system (100) can include other suitable mechanical, electrical and optical components. For example, the display system (100) includes a frame (101) that can protect other components of the display system (100). In another example, the display system (100) can include a strap (not shown) to fit the display system (100) on a user's head. In another example, the display system (100) can include communication components (not shown, e.g., communication software and hardware) to wirelessly communicate with a network, a host device, and/or other device. In some examples, the display system (100) can include a light combiner that can combine the virtual content and see-through real environment.
Referring to
The parameter values provided in the description are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. The optical path including ray diagrams provided in the description are merely exemplary and for illustration purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. The drawings provided in the description are merely exemplary and for illustration purposes and are not to scale.
In various examples, multiple users can use the display system. In an example, a user with changing eye prescription information can use the display system. Thus, the display system is to be adapted to different eye conditions corresponding to different eye prescription information. In an embodiment, before a user uses the display system, the vision correction process (1000) can be implemented to adjust the optical system based at least on an eye condition of the user. The vision correction process (1000) can be configured to correct for nearsightedness/farsightedness, astigmatism, double vision, and/or the like. The process (1000) starts at step (S1001) and proceeds to step (S1010).
At step (S1010), vision correction information for at least one of nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, and double vision can be obtained. The vision correction information can include eye prescription information of the user.
In an embodiment, the eye prescription information of an eye indicating (i) nearsightedness or farsightedness and (ii) astigmatism can include: Sphere (SPH), Cylinder (CYL), and Axis. The parameter “Sphere (SPH)” can indicate an optical power (e.g., in a unit of diopter (D), such as −1D or +2D) of a lens used to correct for nearsightedness or farsightedness of the eye. The parameter “Sphere (SPH)” can indicate a degree of nearsightedness or farsightedness of the eye. An example of the parameter “Sphere (SPH)” is shown by the relative diopter in
A relative diopter (e.g., a parameter Cylinder (CYL)) can measure in diopters the degree of the astigmatism of the eye and can be a negative or a positive number, as shown by the relative diopter in
At step (S1020), one or more of (i) a thickness T of the vision correction adapter and (ii) a shape of the vision correction adapter can be determined based on the vision correction information. For example, the eye prescription information is converted to mechanical parameters of the vision correction adapter.
Nearsightedness or farsightedness indicated by diopter (e.g., an optical diopter) such as the parameter Sphere (SPH) can be converted into the thickness T of the vision correction adapter, such as described with reference to
The shape of the vision correction adapter can be determined based on the astigmatism and/or the double vision.
Astigmatism indicated by a cylindrical diopter (or an astigmatism diopter) such as the parameters Cylinder (CYL) and Axis can be converted into the shape of the vision correction adapter (e.g., a radius of curvature of a cylindrical surface) of the vision correction adapter, such as described with reference to
Double vision (e.g., a binocular double vision) indicated by a prism diopter can be converted to the shape of the vision correction adapter such as a tilt angle (e.g., a tilt angle of a tilted surface of the vision correction adapter), such as shown in
The cylindrical surface of the vision correction adapter configured to correct for astigmatism and the tilted surface of the vision correction adapter configured to correct for double vision can be a same surface or different surfaces. When the cylindrical surface and the tilted surface are the same surface, the shape of cylindrical surface can be based on the astigmatism and the double vision.
At (S1030), the vision correction adapter can be fabricated based on the determined one or more of the thickness of the vision correction adapter and the shape of the vision correction adapter. A center region of the vision correction adapter can be made hollow. In an example, the vision correction adapter is made using 3D printing.
Then, the process (1000) proceeds to step (S1099) and terminates.
The process (1000) can be suitably adapted to various scenarios and steps in the process (1000) can be adjusted accordingly. One or more of the steps in the process (1000) can be adapted, omitted, repeated, and/or combined. Any suitable order can be used to implement the process (1000). Additional step(s) can be added.
In an embodiment, prior to (S1020), a relationship between the relative diopter and the thickness T of the vision correction adapter, such as a lookup table in
In an example, the fabricated vision correction adapter is configured to space apart a first lens (e.g., (131)) and a second lens (e.g., (132)) in the optical system to correct for the at least one of nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, and the double vision.
In an example, a standard adapter in a headset (e.g., including the display system (100)) is replaced with the fabricated vision correction adapter. The replacement and the positioning of the fabricated vision correction adapter can be controlled via the controller (180) with high accuracy as described above.
In an example, the thickness of the vision correction adapter is determined based on the nearsightedness or the farsightedness. The first lens and the second lens are spaced apart by the thickness of the vision correction adapter to correct for the nearsightedness or the farsightedness.
In an example, the first lens is flexible.
The shape of the vision correction adapter is determined based on a degree of the astigmatism and an orientation of the astigmatism. The fabricated vision correction adapter can be positioned to alter a shape of the first lens to conform to the shape of the vision correction adapter to correct for the astigmatism.
In an example, the shape of the vision correction adapter is determined based on the double vision. The shape of the vision correction adapter can indicate a tilt angle and an orientation of a tilted surface of the vision correction adapter. The fabricated vision correction adapter can be positioned to tilt the first lens according to the tilt angle and the orientation of the tilted surface of the vision correction adapter to correct for the double vision.
Embodiments in the disclosure may be used separately or combined in any order.
A computer or computer-readable medium can control various aspects of an HMD system in which a display system (e.g., (100)) including an optical system (e.g., (110)) is incorporated. Various aspects of the display system including controlling movements and positioning of the optical components (e.g., the first lens (131), the second lens (132), the display device (120), a vision correction adapter) can be implemented as computer software using computer-readable instructions and physically stored in one or more computer-readable media. For example,
The computer software can be coded using any suitable machine code or computer language, that may be subject to assembly, compilation, linking, or like mechanisms to create code comprising instructions that can be executed directly, or through interpretation, micro-code execution, and the like, by one or more computer central processing units (CPUs), Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), and the like.
The instructions can be executed on various types of computers or components thereof, including, for example, personal computers, tablet computers, servers, smartphones, gaming devices, internet of things devices, and the like.
The components shown in
Computer system (1100) may include certain human interface input devices. Such a human interface input device may be responsive to input by one or more human users through, for example, tactile input (such as: keystrokes, swipes, data glove movements), audio input (such as: voice, clapping), visual input (such as: gestures), olfactory input (not depicted). The human interface devices can also be used to capture certain media not necessarily directly related to conscious input by a human, such as audio (such as: speech, music, ambient sound), images (such as: scanned images, photographic images obtain from a still image camera), video (such as two-dimensional video, three-dimensional video including stereoscopic video).
Input human interface devices may include one or more of (only one of each depicted): keyboard (1101), mouse (1102), trackpad (1103), touch-screen (1110), data-glove (not shown), joystick (1105), microphone (1106), scanner (1107), camera (1108).
Computer system (1100) may also include certain human interface output devices. Such human interface output devices may be stimulating the senses of one or more human users through, for example, tactile output, sound, light, and smell/taste. Such human interface output devices may include tactile output devices (for example tactile feedback by the touch-screen (1110), data-glove (not shown), or joystick (1105), but there can also be tactile feedback devices that do not serve as input devices), audio output devices (such as: speakers (1109), headphones (not depicted)), visual output devices (such as touch-screens (1110) to include CRT screens, LCD screens, plasma screens, OLED screens, each with or without touch-screen input capability, each with or without tactile feedback capability-some of which may be capable to output two dimensional visual output or more than three dimensional output through means such as stereographic output; virtual-reality glasses (not depicted), holographic displays and smoke tanks (not depicted)), and printers (not depicted).
Computer system (1100) can also include human accessible storage devices and their associated media such as optical media including CD/DVD ROM/RW (1120) with CD/DVD or the like media (1121), thumb-drive (1122), removable hard drive or solid state drive (1123), legacy magnetic media such as tape and floppy disc (not depicted), specialized ROM/ASIC/PLD based devices such as security dongles (not depicted), and the like.
Those skilled in the art should also understand that term “computer readable media” as used in connection with the presently disclosed subject matter does not encompass transmission media, carrier waves, or other transitory signals.
Computer system (1100) can also include an interface (1154) to one or more communication networks (1155). Networks can for example be wireless, wireline, optical. Networks can further be local, wide-area, metropolitan, vehicular and industrial, real-time, delay-tolerant, and so on. Examples of networks include local area networks such as Ethernet, wireless LANs, cellular networks to include GSM, 3G, 4G, 5G, LTE and the like, TV wireline or wireless wide area digital networks to include cable TV, satellite TV, and terrestrial broadcast TV, vehicular and industrial to include CANBus, and so forth. Certain networks commonly require external network interface adapters that attached to certain general purpose data ports or peripheral buses (1149) (such as, for example USB ports of the computer system (1100)); others are commonly integrated into the core of the computer system (1100) by attachment to a system bus as described below (for example Ethernet interface into a PC computer system or cellular network interface into a smartphone computer system). Using any of these networks, computer system (1100) can communicate with other entities. Such communication can be uni-directional, receive only (for example, broadcast TV), uni-directional send-only (for example CANbus to certain CANbus devices), or bi-directional, for example to other computer systems using local or wide area digital networks. Certain protocols and protocol stacks can be used on each of those networks and network interfaces as described above.
Aforementioned human interface devices, human-accessible storage devices, and network interfaces can be attached to a core (1140) of the computer system (1100).
The core (1140) can include one or more Central Processing Units (CPU) (1141), Graphics Processing Units (GPU) (1042), specialized programmable processing units in the form of Field Programmable Gate Areas (FPGA) (1043), hardware accelerators (1044) for certain tasks, graphics adapters (1050), and so forth. These devices, along with Read-only memory (ROM) (1045), Random-access memory (1046), internal mass storage (1047) such as internal non-user accessible hard drives, SSDs, and the like, may be connected through a system bus (1148). In some computer systems, the system bus (1148) can be accessible in the form of one or more physical plugs to enable extensions by additional CPUs, GPU, and the like. The peripheral devices can be attached either directly to the core's system bus (1148), or through a peripheral bus (1149). In an example, the touch-screen (1110) can be connected to the graphics adapter (1150). Architectures for a peripheral bus include PCI, USB, and the like.
CPUs (1141), GPUs (1142), FPGAs (1143), and accelerators (1144) can execute certain instructions that, in combination, can make up the aforementioned computer code. That computer code can be stored in ROM (1145) or RAM (1146). Transitional data can be also be stored in RAM (1146), whereas permanent data can be stored for example, in the internal mass storage (1147). Fast storage and retrieve to any of the memory devices can be enabled through the use of cache memory, that can be closely associated with one or more CPU (1141), GPU (1142), mass storage (1147), ROM (1145), RAM (1146), and the like.
The computer readable media can have computer code thereon for performing various computer-implemented operations. The media and computer code can be those specially designed and constructed for the purposes of the present disclosure, or they can be of the kind well known and available to those having skill in the computer software arts.
As an example and not by way of limitation, the computer system (1100) having architecture, and specifically the core (1140) can provide functionality as a result of processor(s) (including CPUs, GPUs, FPGA, accelerators, and the like) executing software embodied in one or more tangible, computer-readable media. Such computer-readable media can be media associated with user-accessible mass storage as introduced above, as well as certain storage of the core (1140) that are of non-transitory nature, such as core-internal mass storage (1147) or ROM (1145). The software implementing various embodiments of the present disclosure can be stored in such devices and executed by core (1140). A computer-readable medium can include one or more memory devices or chips, according to particular needs. The software can cause the core (1140) and specifically the processors therein (including CPU, GPU, FPGA, and the like) to execute particular processes or particular parts of particular processes described herein, including defining data structures stored in RAM (1146) and modifying such data structures according to the processes defined by the software. In addition or as an alternative, the computer system can provide functionality as a result of logic hardwired or otherwise embodied in a circuit (for example: accelerator (1144)), which can operate in place of or together with software to execute particular processes or particular parts of particular processes described herein. Reference to software can encompass logic, and vice versa, where appropriate. Reference to a computer-readable media can encompass a circuit (such as an integrated circuit (IC)) storing software for execution, a circuit embodying logic for execution, or both, where appropriate. The present disclosure encompasses any suitable combination of hardware and software.
While this disclosure has described several exemplary embodiments, there are alterations, permutations, and various substitute equivalents, which fall within the scope of the disclosure. It will thus be appreciated that those skilled in the art will be able to devise numerous systems and methods which, although not explicitly shown or described herein, embody the principles of the disclosure and are thus within the spirit and scope thereof.
