Patent Grant
8151194
1. Field of Art
The present invention relates generally to web-based video, and more particularly to software tools and methods for capturing and displaying metrics related to web-based videos.
2. Description of the Related Art
Video hosting websites contain millions of videos containing user-generated and other content. Often, contributors post such videos on these websites in order to share content that they consider interesting or appealing to a general or particular audience. Some contributors post videos for the purpose of monetizing the video. Some video hosting websites allow viewers to comment on posted videos. In general, contributors do not know very much about who is viewing their video or from where their video is being viewed.
The present invention enables a video hosting website to measure and graphically display statistics of data associated with views of videos on a video hosting website. Data associated with views of videos is collected, analyzed and stored. A report of the view data across time and a corresponding geographic map are generated based on the collected data. The report is displayed either textually or graphically. One graphical representation shows the data along a timeline. The corresponding geographic map shows the data by geographic location. The graphical representation and geographic map are associated such that a modification to the time frame active on the graphical representation modifies the geographic map accordingly and a modification to the geographic map modifies the graphical representation accordingly. Thus, the geographic map shows a number of views in selected geographic areas for a selected timeframe. Additional reports provide insight into demographics of viewers, including age and gender. The popularity of a video and its relative ability to hold the attention of its audience is also tracked. Comments, favoriting and rating of videos are also used to develop a measure of community engagement with each video.
The features and advantages described in the specification are not all inclusive and, in particular, many additional features and advantages will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the drawings, specification, and claims. Moreover, the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the disclosed subject matter.
The figures depict various embodiments of the present invention for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following discussion that alternative embodiments of the instructions and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the invention described here.
The figures and the following description relate to preferred embodiments by way of illustration only. It should be noted that from the following discussion, alternative embodiments of the structures and methods disclosed herein will be readily recognized as viable alternatives that may be employed without departing from the principles of what is claimed.
Many conventional features, such firewalls, load balancers, application servers, failover servers, site management tools, and so forth are not shown so as not obscure the features of the system. A suitable server 102 for implementation of the system is a server or servers of the YOUTUBE™ website, provided by Google Inc. of Mountain View, Calif. and found at www.youtube.com; other video hosting sites are known as well, and can be adapted to operate according the teaching disclosed here. In general, functions described in one embodiment as being performed on the server side can also be performed on the client side in other embodiments if appropriate. In addition, the functionality attributed to a particular component can be performed by different or multiple components operating together.
Each of the various servers is implemented as server program executing on server-class computer comprising a CPU, memory, network interface, peripheral interfaces, and other well-known components. The computers themselves in various embodiments run an operating system such as LINUX, Microsoft Windows, or Apple OS X, have generally high performance CPUs, 1 GB or more of memory, and 100 GB or more of disk storage. Of course, other types of computers can be used, and as more powerful computers are developed in the future, they can be configured in accordance with the teachings here. The functionality implemented by any of the elements can be provided from computer program products that are stored in tangible computer accessible storage mediums (e.g., RAM, hard disk, or optical/magnetic media) and accessed by the computer(s).
A client 170 executes a browser 171 such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox, and connects to front end server 140 via a network 120, which is typically the Internet, but may also be any network, including but not limited to any combination of a LAN, a MAN, a WAN, a mobile, wired or wireless network, a private network, or a virtual private network. The network 120 represents communication pathways between the client 170, websites 175 and video hosting server 102. The network 120 can also utilize dedicated or private communications links that are not necessarily part of the Internet. In one embodiment, the network 120 uses standard communications technologies, protocols, and/or interprocess communications techniques. Thus, the network 120 can include links using technologies such as Ethernet, 802.11, integrated services digital network (ISDN), digital subscriber line (DSL), asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), etc. Similarly, the networking protocols used on the network 120 can include the transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP), the hypertext transport protocol (HTTP), the simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP), the file transfer protocol (FTP), the short message service (SMS) protocol, etc. The data exchanged over the network 120 can be represented using technologies and/or formats including the hypertext markup language (HTML), the extensible markup language (XML), etc. In addition, all or some of the links can be encrypted using conventional encryption technologies such as the secure sockets layer (SSL), HTTP over SSL (HTTPS), and/or virtual private networks (VPNs). In another embodiment, the nodes can use custom and/or dedicated data communications technologies instead of, or in addition to, the ones described above.
While only a single client 170 and browser 171 are shown, it is understood that very large numbers (e.g., millions) of clients are supported and can be in communication with the server 102 at any time. The browser 171 can include a video player (e.g., Flash™ from Adobe Systems, Inc.), or any other player adapted for the video file formats used in the server 102. A user can access a video from the server 102 by browsing a catalog of videos, conducting searches on keywords, reviewing playlists from other users or the system administrator (e.g., collections of videos forming channels), or viewing videos associated with particular user group (e.g., communities). A browser 171 can also access a video file indirectly, via an embedded video 177 that is accessed via an embedded hyperlink in a third party website 175. In various embodiments, server 102 can count views for a video that are either viewed directly on the video site and/or that are viewed via an embedded player. In one embodiment, a user can determine whether the displayed data covers views on the site, views via embedded players, or both.
Users of clients 170 can also search for videos based on keywords, tags or other metadata. These requests are received as queries by the front end server 140 and provided to the video search server 145, which then searches the video database 330 for videos that satisfy the queries. The video search server 145 supports searching on any fielded data for a video, including its title, description, tags, author, category, and so forth.
Users of the clients 170 and browser 171 can upload content (which can include, for example, video, audio, or a combination of video and audio) to server 102 via network 120. The uploaded content is processed by an ingest server 320 (
The analytics server 130 processes information stored in the user database 340, video database 330, and activity log 350 of the video collection server 160 and generates visual representations of the processed data. The analytics server 130 includes a data analysis module 402 (
The processor 202 may be any general-purpose processor such as those offered at present by Intel and AMD. The storage device 208 is any device capable of holding data, like a hard drive, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), DVD, or a solid-state memory device. The memory 206 holds instructions and data used by the processor 202 and may be, for example, firmware, read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM), and/or RAM, and holds instructions and data used by the processor 202. The pointing device 214 may be a mouse, track ball, tablet, finger, or other type of pointing device, and is used in combination with the keyboard 210 (real or virtual, e.g., in the case of a mobile device) to input data into the computer system 200. The graphics adapter 212 displays images and other information on the display 218. The network adapter 216 couples the computer system 200 to the network 120.
As is known in the art, the computer 200 is adapted to execute computer program modules. As used herein, the term “module” refers to computer program logic and/or data for providing the specified functionality. A module can be implemented in hardware, firmware, and/or software. In one embodiment, the modules are stored on the storage device 208, loaded into the memory 206, and executed by the processor 202 as one or more processes.
The types of computers used by the entities of
Embodiments of the entities described herein can include other modules than the ones described here. In addition, the functionality attributed to the modules can be performed by different modules in other embodiments. Moreover, this description frequently omits the term “module” for purposes of clarity and convenience.
The user database 340 stores information associated with each uploading user. Information associated with a user includes information associated with a user's user identification (user ID), the user's login information or credentials, the user's residential location, the user's email address, a username, the user's country of residence, the user's date of birth, the user's gender, as well as other additional information related to the particular user. For example, in one embodiment, a list of videos that have been viewed by the user over the last ten days is associated with a user ID and is kept in the user database 340.
The activity log 350 stores information describing each access to any video by a user. This information includes a video identifier, user identifier, access type, start and stop times of the view, date of the view, and any other data useful for tracking individual or aggregate user behavior. The activity log 350 enables quantification of how much of each video users actually viewed, and thus how much each object of interest, whether product, logo, person or the like, was viewed.
The video database 330 is used to store the ingested videos. The video database 330 stores video content and associated metadata. The audio files can be encoded as mp3 files at 64 kbps, mono, 22.1 KHz, or better quality (e.g., 128 kbps, stereo, 44.2 KHz). The metadata for each audio files includes some or all of an ISRC (or custom identifier), artist, song title, album, label, genre, time length, and geo-restrictions that can be used for data collection or content blocking on a geographic basis.
For purposes of convenience and the description of one embodiment, the uploaded content will be referred to a “videos”, “video files”, or “video items”, but no limitation on the types of content that can be uploaded are intended by this terminology. Each uploaded video is assigned a video identifier (id) when it is processed by the ingest server 320.
For purposes of illustration,
The data analysis module 402 processes various types of information received from the user database 340 and video database 330. In some embodiments, the various types of information may be classified into different domains or types of data (data types).
An example of a type of data processed by the data analysis module 402 is information related to viewing of a particular video. In one embodiment, the data analysis module 402 processes the total number of views for each video in the video database. The data analysis module 402 further determines a total number of views from each of a plurality of geographic regions. In one embodiment, analysis module 402 determines the geographic location of a view from user account data in user database 340. Alternatively, the viewer's location can be determined from the IP address of the user. This allows inferences to be drawn about the popularity of a particular video in different regions of a country or of the world—for example, a video may be very popular in California, but very unpopular in New York; or popular in Russia but not popular in Australia. In various embodiments, data analysis module 402 further categorizes the views of the videos by time of day, day of week, or month of the year, and this further categorization can be performed both in the aggregate and by geographic region. For example, data analysis module 402 may identify that a particular video receives a large number of views from Canada close to 5:00 UTC, while the same video is most popular in South Africa at 14:00 UTC. One of many uses of such a metric is in load balancing and capacity planning. In one embodiment, the data analysis module 402 processes data associated with the playback length of the videos for each video and associates the data with the geographic region where the video was played. The playback length is the amount of time a particular video was watched by a particular user during one playing of the video, which is often less than the total length of the video. In one embodiment, the data analysis module 402 processes data associated with the average percentage of the video watched and associates the data with the geographic region where the video was watched.
In one embodiment, data analysis module 402 processes data associated with the viewing of a particular video and determines a popularity associated with the video. The popularity is calculated by comparing the number of views of the particular video to an average number of views of the videos in the video database 330. Tracking the portion of the video actually watched by the user allows data analysis module 402 to compare the video's ability to hold a viewer's attention compared to other videos of similar lengths, as described further below.
In one embodiment, information related to number of videos uploaded by a particular user is a type of data processed by the data analysis module 402. The data analysis module 402 determines the total number of videos uploaded for a particular user from the information stored in the user database 340. The data analysis module also determines the combined length of time of all of the videos uploaded by the user. In some embodiments, the data analysis module associates the uploaded videos with a geographic region.
In another embodiment, viewer demographics are analyzed and processed by the data analysis module 402. The data analysis module 402 analyzes the data stored about the viewing user in the user database 340 in order to process the viewer demographics. Viewer demographics may include the number of unique users who have viewed a particular video, age of the users, gender of the users, and other data associated with the users. The number of unique users may be determined, for example, by examining the number of unique cookies. The information associate with the user may be determined by examining the account information of the user.
In some embodiments, the data analysis module 402 processes information related to a viewer's reaction to a particular video. Such viewer reaction may be gleaned from what the viewer does with the video or whether the viewer has added commentary associated with the particular video. Some video hosting websites allow users and viewers of uploaded videos to engage with the community of users by providing their input on the uploaded video. Such input includes the ability to rate a particular video, provide text or video response comments, and add the video to a user's playlist of videos. In one embodiment, the data analysis module 402 processes a number of ratings associated with a particular video and associates the data with the geographic region of the rating origin. In one embodiment, the data analysis module 402 analyzes the number of comments posted for a particular uploaded video. The data analysis module 402 also associates the data associated with the number of comments with a geographic region where the comment originated and whether the comments were positive. In another embodiment, the data analysis module 402 analyzes the number of time a video has been added to users' lists of favorites or other playlists, which may additionally be broken down by geography. An overall measure of the user community's engagement with a particular video can be determined by rolling up individual users' ratings, favoriting and commenting on the video, as illustrated further below.
In one embodiment, the data analysis module 402 analyzes information related to how uploaded videos are found by viewers. This information may be determined by analyzing the data stored in the video database 330, user database 340, and/or activity log 350. For example, the data analysis module 402 determines whether the video was found on the video hosting website as a result of a query performed on the video hosting website, or whether a viewer was sent a link to view the video on the video hosting website, or whether the viewer arrived directly at the video, e.g., by directly requesting the URL associated with the video.
Some video hosting websites allow users to monetize their videos by displaying ads in conjunction with the video. In some embodiments, an image of the advertisement is displayed while the user-uploaded video is playing. In some embodiments, the image may be an animated image. In some embodiments, the advertisement may be a commercial that is played before the video is played, after the video is played, or at some point in time while the video is being played. In some embodiments, the advertisement may be displayed near of next to the video. In some embodiments, the advertisement may be displayed on a landing page containing search results including the video. The data analysis module 402 processes information related the earnings users are receiving for their videos. The data analysis module 402 determines which videos are displaying advertisements and how much money each video is earning. In some embodiments, the data analysis module 402 associates the identified videos displaying advertisements with a geographic location.
In some embodiments, the data analysis module 402 processes information related to the number of advertisements each advertiser is displaying on the user-uploaded videos. The data analysis module 402 determines which advertisers have the most advertisements being displayed and determines the amount of money spent by each advertiser. This determination allows a comparison to be made between the most amount of money spent and the least amount of money being spent by the advertisers.
Some video hosting websites allow selected videos to be promoted on the landing page of the video hosting website. In one embodiment, video promotion means that the video receives preferential treatment, such as preferential placement. These promoted videos can change over a certain period of time. In some embodiments, the data analysis module 402 processes information related to the videos being promoted. The data analysis module 402 identifies which videos are being promoted and associates those videos with a geographic location. In some embodiments, the data analysis module 402 identifies which videos are being promoted and associates those videos with a geographic location of the origin of the videos. In some embodiments, the data analysis module 402 also determines how many times a promoted video has been promoted.
Some video hosting websites categorize videos by defined channels. In some embodiments, the data analysis module 402 analyzes the viewing activity of these channels. In one embodiment, the data analysis module 402 processes the total number of views for each channel on the video hosting website. The data analysis module 402 associates the total number of views with the geographic region in which the views occurred. In one embodiment, data analysis module 402 processes data associated with the viewing of a particular channel and also determines a popularity associated with the channel. The popularity is calculated by comparing the number of views of the particular channel to an average number of views of the channels on the video hosting website.
The graph generation module 404 receives the processed data from the data analysis module 402 and generates a graphical representation of the processed data. In some embodiments, the graphical representation is in the form of a timeline similar to the one illustrated in, for example,
The map generation module 406 receives the processed data from the data analysis module 402 and generates a geographic map associated with the processed data. In some embodiments, the map is a world map and shows all or many of the countries in the world as seen in
In some embodiments, the map generation module 406 receives the processed data from the data analysis module 402 and generates a geographic map associated with the processed data where the information regarding the processed data is represented by variation in color or shading on the geographic map. For example, as seen in the geographic map 722 of
In some embodiments, if the user then selects a geographic region, the views are shown on the first representation for the newly selected geographic region and the selected timeframe. Some embodiments allow the user to set a window day-part portion, for example, showing only views between 9:00 AM and 5:00 PM. The chart generation module 408 receives the processed data from the data analysis module 402 and generates a graphical representation of the processed data in the form of a chart. In some embodiments, the chart is a pie chart such as the one shown in
The table generation module 410 receives the processed data from the data analysis module 402 and generates a graphical representation of the processed data in the form of a table.
The graphs, maps, charts, and tables generated by modules 404, 406, 408, and 410 are all graphical representations of the processed video data. In some embodiments, the analytics server generates two graphical representations and sends the two graphical representations for display on a client device 170. In such embodiments, the interactivity module 412 ensures that a modification to one graphical representation by a user of the client device 170 modifies the other graphical representation. The steps performed by the interactivity module 412 are provided below in the description for
Referring again to
The page 700 is separated into a video information region 702 and video statistics region 704. The video information region 704 includes a video icon 706, a video title 708, and additional information about the video, such as the number of views 710 and ratings 712. The video statistics region 704 includes a first graphical representation 720 and a second graphical representation 722. The first graphical representation 720 shows the data processed by the data analysis server 402 and the second graphical representation shows the corresponding data in a different graphical representation. A user can select and modify both the first graphical representation 720 and second graphical representation 722. When the user makes a selection and modifies the first graphical representation 720, the second graphical 722 representation is updated to display the corresponding data.
In one embodiment, as shown in
A user can adjust the time frame displayed on the timeline graph 720 by sliding the adjustable sliding area 728. A user can also select on an area within the geographical map 722. For example, as shown in
In some embodiments, the video information region 704 includes data display tabs 730 and 732 (
Similar to page 700, page 900 is also separated into a video information region 904 and video statistics region 902. The video information region 904 includes a video thumbnail 906, a video title 908, and additional information about the video, such as the number of views 910 and ratings 912. The video statistics region 902 includes a first graphical representation 920 and a second graphical representation 922. The first graphical representation 920 shows the data processed by the data analysis server 402 and the second graphical representation 922 shows the corresponding data in a different graphical representation. A user can select and modify both the first graphical representation 920 and second graphical representation 922. When the user makes a selection and modifies the first graphical representation 920, the second graphical representation 922 is updated to display the corresponding data.
In the example shown in
Similar to page 700, a user can adjust the time frame displayed on the timeline graph 920 by sliding the adjustable sliding area 928. A user can also select an area within the geographical map 922. For example, as shown in
In some embodiments, the video statistics region includes additional data tabs.
Page 1100 is also separated into a video information region 1102 and video statistics region 1104. The video information region 1102 includes a video icon, a video title, and additional information about the video, such as the number of views and length of the video. The video statistics region 1104 includes a first graphical representation 1106 and a second graphical representation 1108. The first graphical representation shows the data processed by the data analysis server and the second graphical representation shows the corresponding data in a different graphical representation. A user can select and modify both the first graphical representation and second graphical representation. When the user makes a selection and modifies the second graphical representation, the first graphical representation is updated to display the corresponding data.
Here, the first graphical representation and second graphical representation show data associated with how the video was discovered by the viewers of the video. The first graphical representation 1106 is a table and the second graphical representation 1108 is a pie chart. A user can select an area on the pie chart and the data displayed on the table is updated accordingly as shown in
Page 1300 is also separated into a video information region 1302 and video statistics region 1304. The video information region includes a video icon, a video title, and additional information about the video, such as the number of views and length of the video. The video statistics region includes a first graphical representation 1306 and a second graphical representation 1308. The first graphical representation 1306 shows the data processed by the data analysis module 402 and the second graphical representation shows the corresponding data in a different graphical representation. A user can select and modify both the first graphical representation and second graphical representation. When the user makes a selection and modifies the second graphical representation, the first graphical representation is updated to display the corresponding data.
Here, the first graphical representation and second graphical representation show data associated with the demographics of the viewers of the video. Region 1308 includes a pie chart showing the representation of males versus females among the viewers. Region 1306 presents in the information in tabular data. Selecting one of the sections of the pie chart causes the tabular data in region 1306 to be updated to show data related to the selected section only, e.g., male viewers only or female viewers only. This is illustrated in
Another video usage statistic of interest is which portions of a video are most and least popular compared to videos of similar length. In one embodiment, data analysis module 402 determines this information by analyzing data about when a viewer stops playback of the video, for example by clicking on another video or otherwise navigating away from the page. In another embodiment, an example of which is illustrated in
In various embodiments, including several of the examples described above, video usage statistics are described as being presented to a particular user and related to that user's contributed videos. However, video usage statistics can also be presented to users other than those who contributed the videos being described by the statistics, and in fact in various embodiments usage statistics are made available to all users of the video hosting site. In various embodiments, the range of statistics presented to users other than the contributor is substantially narrower—for example, viewer demographics may not be shown while viewer geographic region is shown. In one embodiment, the user who contributed the video configures analytics server 130 via a user interface to display or not display any of the available usage statistics. Alternatively, the site operator performs the configuration, which may be at the per-user level, for particular groups of users, or site-wide. In addition, in various embodiments, some functionality is removed from the interface presenting the statistics to non-contributing users. For example, the ability to adjust the time line displayed, or to examine the statistics at finer levels of granularity, e.g., by particular geographic region, may be disabled.
Some portions of this description describe the embodiments in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on information. These algorithmic descriptions and representations are commonly used by those skilled in the data processing arts to convey the substance of their work effectively to others skilled in the art. These operations, while described functionally, computationally, or logically, are understood to be implemented by computer programs or equivalent electrical circuits, microcode, or the like. Furthermore, for convenience we refer to these arrangements of operations as modules, without loss of generality. The described operations and their associated modules may be embodied in software, firmware, hardware, or any combinations thereof.
In one embodiment, an uploader and/or rights owner of the video approves making the information about the video available to certain groups of others (e.g., people in certain categories, such as advertisers; people or groups designated as friends; other people or groups that he designates). For example, if a rights holder desires to monetize his video or groups of videos, he may allow advertisers who are considering placing ads on a particular video or group of videos to view demographic information for that video or group of videos. As another example, a student may allow his teacher to view information about his video.
As used herein any reference to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular element, feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. The appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Some embodiments may be described using the expression “coupled” and “connected” along with their derivatives. It should be understood that these terms are not intended as synonyms for each other. For example, some embodiments may be described using the term “connected” to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. In another example, some embodiments may be described using the term “coupled” to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact. The term “coupled,” however, may also mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other, but yet still co-operate or interact with each other. The embodiments are not limited in this context.
As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,” “having” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Further, unless expressly stated to the contrary, “or” refers to an inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or not present) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or present).
In addition, use of the “a” or “an” are employed to describe elements and components of the embodiments herein. This is done merely for convenience and to give a general sense of the invention. This description should be read to include one or at least one and the singular also includes the plural unless it is obvious that it is meant otherwise.
Reference will now be made in detail to several embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying figures. It is noted that wherever practicable similar or like reference numbers may be used in the figures and may indicate similar or like functionality. The figures depict embodiments of the disclosed system (or method) for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles described herein.
Upon reading this disclosure, those of skill in the art will appreciate still additional alternative structural and functional designs for a system and a process for displaying data associated with video usage statistics through the disclosed principles herein. Thus, while particular embodiments and applications have been illustrated and described, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to the precise construction and components disclosed herein. Various modifications, changes and variations, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, may be made in the arrangement, operation and details of the method and apparatus disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope defined in the appended claims.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Applications 61/161,163, filed on Mar. 18, 2009; 61/097,130, filed Sep. 15, 2008; and 61/039,751, filed on Mar. 26, 2008. Each application is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
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