Information
-
Patent Grant
-
6621058
-
Patent Number
6,621,058
-
Date Filed
Wednesday, July 31, 200222 years ago
-
Date Issued
Tuesday, September 16, 200321 years ago
-
Inventors
-
Original Assignees
-
Examiners
Agents
-
CPC
-
US Classifications
Field of Search
US
- 219 757
- 219 756
- 219 702
- 219 681
- 126 21 A
- 126 299 R
- 126 299 D
-
International Classifications
-
Abstract
A wall-mounted microwave oven outputs an air curtain which guides gas and fumes generated from an oven located therebelow to the outside. The wall-mounted microwave oven includes an oven body which is mountable on a wall, a cooking chamber and an electric component compartment which are isolated from each other by a partition plate, an exhaust flow path arranged in the oven body to exhaust the gas and fumes generated from the oven, an exhaust fan which exhausts the gas and fumes introduced into the exhaust flow path to the outside, an air-discharging outlet which is provided at a front and lower portion of the wall-mounted microwave oven and forms the air curtain, and a blower fan which is disposed in the oven body and provides air to the air-discharging outlet. The air curtain guides the gas and fumes toward the exhaust flow path of the wall-mounted microwave oven so as to effectively exhaust the gas and fumes to the outside.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 2002-28759 filed on May 23, 2002, in the Korean Industrial Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a microwave oven, and more particularly, to a wall-mounted microwave oven which provides an air curtain to guide exhaust gas and fumes rising from a gas oven disposed below the wall-mounted microwave oven.
2. Description of the Related Art
Generally, a wall-mounted microwave oven is installed on a wall above, for example, a gas oven. The wall-mounted microwave oven not only carries out a cooking operation, but also exhausts gas and fumes generated from the gas oven disposed below the wall-mounted microwave oven.
FIG. 1
shows a conventional wall-mounted microwave oven comprising a body
1
, a cooking chamber (not shown), which accommodates food therein, and an electric component compartment
5
, which accommodates various electric components, that are isolated from each other. An exhaust flow path
3
is provided around the cooking chamber and the electric component compartment
5
. The exhaust flow path
3
is adapted to exhaust gas and fumes generated from a gas oven
2
located below the body
1
of the wall-mounted microwave oven. The body
1
is provided at its rear and upper side with an exhaust fan
4
to exhaust the gas and fumes introduced through the exhaust flow path
3
to the outside.
An exhausting operation of the wall-mounted microwave oven is carried out so as to have the gas and fumes generated from the gas oven
2
directed into an intake port
3
a
provided under the body
1
, sucked through the exhaust flow path
3
, and discharged to the outside.
However, the wall-mounted microwave oven has a width “W
1
,” from a front end to a rear end, which is smaller than a corresponding width “W
2
” of the gas oven
2
. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient exhausting effect to exhaust the gas and fumes rising from the gas oven
2
even though the exhaust fan
4
is used.
Typically, the intake port
3
a
of the exhaust flow path
3
is located above a rear burning section
2
b
of the gas oven
2
. Accordingly, although gas and fumes generated from the rear burning section
2
b
can be sufficiently sucked into the intake port
3
a
of the exhaust flow path
3
, gas and fumes generated from a front burning section
2
a
of the gas oven
2
are not wholly sucked into the intake port
2
a
. Rather, a significant portion of the gas and fumes generated from the front burning section
2
a
rise vertically and upwardly, and contaminate a kitchen space.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wall-mounted microwave oven which emits an air curtain that guides gas and fumes generated from a gas oven toward its intake port to efficiently exhaust the gas and fumes.
Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
To achieve the above and other objects of the present invention, there is provided a wall-mounted microwave oven mountable on a wall above a range-oven, comprising a partition plate, an oven body which is mountable on the wall and includes a cooking chamber and an electric component compartment which are isolated from each other by the partition plate, an exhaust flow path disposed in the oven body to exhaust gas and fumes generated from the range-oven, an exhaust fan which exhausts the gas and fumes introduced into the exhaust flow path to the outside, an air-discharging outlet which is provided at a front and lower portion of the oven body, and forms an air curtain that guides the gas and fumes generated from the range-oven toward the exhaust flow path, and a blower fan which is disposed in the oven body and blows air to the air-discharging outlet.
The blower fan may be disposed in the electric component compartment so as to direct the air to the air-discharging outlet while cooling an inside of the electric component compartment.
The air-discharging outlet may laterally extend at a front and lower side of the oven body, and a bottom plate of the oven body may be provided at its front side with an air guide duct which forms a flow path to guide the air from the electric component compartment toward the air-discharging outlet.
The oven body may be provided at an upper portion of its front face with an air inlet, through which the air is introduced into the electric component compartment by activation of the blower fan.
The electric component compartment may include an air guide plate which divides a front space of the electric component compartment, adjacent to the air inlet, into upper and lower subspaces so as to circulate the air introduced through the air inlet in the inside of the electric component compartment and guide the air to the air-discharging outlet. The blower fan may be disposed in the upper subspace above the air guide plate.
The partition plate which defines a boundary between the cooking chamber and the electric component compartment may be formed with one or more vent holes, so as to allow the air being circulated in the electric component compartment to be partially introduced into the cooking chamber therethrough.
The air-discharging outlet may include an outlet guide which extends forwardly and downwardly by a certain length, and guides the air discharged from the air-discharging outlet forward and downward.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1
is a side cross-sectional view of a conventional wall-mounted microwave oven, which is mounted on a wall above a gas oven;
FIG. 2
is a side cross-sectional view illustrating an operation of a wall-mounted microwave oven according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3
is a perspective view showing the structure of the wall-mounted microwave oven shown in
FIG. 2
;
FIG. 4
is a front cross-sectional view of the wall-mounted microwave oven shown in
FIG. 3
;
FIG. 5
is a side cross-sectional enlarged view of an electric component compartment of the wall-mounted microwave oven shown in
FIGS. 2-4
; and
FIG. 6
is a perspective view of a bottom plate of the wall-mounted microwave oven shown in FIGS.
2
-
5
.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout. The embodiments are described below in order to explain the present invention by referring to the figures.
FIGS. 2-5
show a wall-mounted/wall-mountable microwave oven according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in
FIG. 2
, the wall-mounted microwave oven includes an oven body
10
which is, for example, mounted on a wall of a kitchen above a gas oven
100
. The oven body
10
includes a cooking chamber
11
(see
FIG. 3
) to cook food therein, an electric component compartment
12
which accommodates various electric components of the wall-mounted microwave oven, and an exhaust flow path, described herein below, disposed at a bottom thereof, both sides and at a top thereof to exhaust gas and fumes generated from the gas oven
100
disposed below the oven body
10
. An exhaust fan
13
is provided at a rear and upper side of the oven body
10
, and discharges the gas and fumes introduced through the exhaust flow path to the outside.
As shown collectively in
FIGS. 3 and 4
, the cooking chamber
11
is provided with a turntable
14
to place food to be cooked thereon. A driving motor
15
is installed on a bottom surface of the cooking chamber
11
and rotates the turntable
14
. A door
16
is provided at a front of the cooking chamber
11
and allows a user to place and remove the food into and from the cooking chamber
11
.
The electric component compartment
12
includes a magnetron
17
which generates electromagnetic waves of high frequency into the cooking chamber
11
, a high-voltage transformer
18
which applies a high voltage to the magnetron
17
, and a high-voltage condenser
19
. A control plane
20
is provided on a front surface of the electric component compartment
12
. The control panel
20
includes a plurality of buttons which control various functions of the wall-mounted microwave oven. The magnetron
17
is mounted on a ceiling surface of the electric component compartment
12
. The high-voltage transformer
18
is mounted on a bottom surface of the electric component compartment
12
, while the high-voltage condenser
19
is attached to a rear surface of the electric component compartment
12
. A waveguide
21
is disposed on the electric component compartment
12
and the cooking chamber
11
. The waveguide
21
is connected to the magnetron
17
and guides the electromagnetic waves generated from the magnetron
17
into the cooking chamber
11
.
As shown in
FIGS. 3
to
5
, the exhaust flow path, which is adapted to exhaust the gas and fumes generated from the gas oven
100
positioned below the oven body
10
, comprises an intake port
22
a
formed at a bottom plate
22
of the oven body
10
to allow the exhaust gas and fumes to pass therethrough, a lower flow path
23
defined between bottom surfaces of the cooking chamber
11
and the electric component compartment
12
, and the bottom plate
22
of the oven body
10
, rising flow paths
24
and
25
disposed at a side of the cooking chamber
11
and at a backside of the electric component compartment
12
to extend up and down, and an upper flow path
26
disposed on the oven body
10
to guide the gas and fumes introduced through the rising flow paths
24
and
25
toward the exhaust fan
13
. As the exhaust fan
13
rotates, the gas and fumes sucked through the intake port
22
a
of the bottom plate
22
are exhausted to the outside through the lower flow path
23
, the rising flow paths
24
and
25
, and the upper flow path
26
.
Additionally, the wall-mounted microwave oven guides the gas and fumes generated from the gas oven
100
toward the intake port
22
a
of the oven body
10
by using an air curtain “A” formed by air emitted from a front and lower portion of the oven body
10
. That is, the oven body
10
is provided at its front and lower portion with an air-discharging outlet
30
which emits the air to form the air curtain “A.” A blower fan
31
is provided in the electric component compartment
12
of the oven body
10
, and draws in and forcibly blows the air toward the air-discharging outlet
30
.
An air inlet
32
is provided on a front surface of an upper portion (above the control panel
20
) of the electric component compartment
12
. The air inlet
32
allows the air to be sucked into the electric component compartment
12
as the blower fan
31
disposed in the electric component compartment
12
is driven. A through hole
34
is formed at a bottom surface
33
of the electric component compartment
12
, and enables an internal space of the electric component compartment
12
to communicate with the air-discharging outlet
30
so as to have the air introduced into the electric component compartment
12
flow toward the air-discharging outlet
30
.
An air guide plate
35
is provided in the electric component compartment
12
and divides a front space of the electric component compartment
12
into upper and lower spaces so as to have the air introduced through the air inlet
32
flow toward the air-discharging outlet
30
via the through hole
34
while cooling the inside of the electric component compartment
12
. The blower fan
31
is disposed on the air guide plate
35
and orient ed in the upper space of the electric component compartment
12
so as to direct the air blown from the blower fan
31
toward a rear side of the electric component compartment
12
. Although the blower fan
31
is designed to cool the inside of the electric component compartment
12
and blow the air to form the air curtain “A,” the electric component compartment
12
may be provided with two discrete blower fans, one of which is to form the air curtain “A,” and the other of which is to cool the electric component compartment
12
.
FIG. 6
shows that the air-discharging outlet
30
, which is provided at the front and lower portion of the oven body
10
, is laterally formed at the bottom plate
22
of the oven body
10
so as to have its width be approximately equal to a width of the oven body
10
. The air-discharging outlet
30
is also provided with an outlet guide
37
which extends in a direction of the discharged air (in an outward direction of the bottom plate
22
) so as to direct the air emitted from the outlet duct
37
forward and downward.
The bottom plate
22
of the oven body
10
includes an air guide duct
38
which is disposed on the air-discharging outlet
30
, and guides the air introduced via the through hole
34
toward the air-discharging outlet
30
disposed under the cooking chamber
11
. The air guide duct
38
is sized to cover the air-discharging outlet
30
disposed under the cooking chamber
11
, and is provided with an opening
38
a
at its end which is adjacent to the through hole
34
. The bottom plate
22
is also provided thereon with a dividing plate
39
, which is adapted to separate the air introduced from the electric component compartment
12
from the gas flowing in the lower flow path
23
(see FIG.
5
). As shown in
FIG. 6
, the bottom plate
22
may be provided with two intake parts
22
a.
Referring back to
FIGS. 3 and 4
, a partition plate
40
, which is located between the electric component compartment
12
and the cooking chamber
11
, is formed with a plurality of vent holes
41
, so as to have the air circulated in the electric component compartment
12
by the blower fan
31
be partially introduced into the cooking chamber
11
to ventilate the cooking chamber
11
. The cooking chamber
11
is formed with a plurality of vent holes
42
at its upper surface, opposite to the partition plate
40
, and allows the air in the cooking chamber
11
to be discharged therethrough. A venting outlet
43
is provided to the cooking chamber
11
so as to allow the air, which has flowed out through the vent holes
42
, to be discharged to the outside. A major part of the air circulated in the electric component compartment
12
, except for the air introduced into the cooking chamber
11
, flows toward the air-discharging outlet
30
through the electric component compartment
12
.
With reference to
FIGS. 2-5
, an operation of the wall-mounted microwave oven according to the present invention will be described below.
In a cooking operation of the wall-mounted microwave oven, high-frequency electromagnetic waves generated from the magnetron
17
, which is disposed in the electric component compartment
12
, are emitted inside the cooking chamber
11
through the waveguide
21
to cook food received in the cooking chamber
11
. At this point, as shown in
FIG. 4
, a ventilation of the cooking chamber
11
is carried out so as to have air, which is introduced in the electric component compartment
12
by the blower fan
31
disposed therein, be partially introduced into the cooking chamber
11
. More specifically, the air circulated in the electric component compartment
12
is partially introduced into the cooking chamber
11
through vent holes
41
of the partition plate
40
, and air containing moisture vapor in the cooking chamber
11
is discharged outside through the vent holes
42
formed on the upper surface of the cooking chamber
11
and the venting outlet
43
, thus achieving ventilation of the cooking chamber
11
. In addition to ventilating the cooking chamber
11
, electric components housed in the electric component compartment
12
are cooled by the air introduced therein.
To exhaust gas and fumes generated from the gas oven
100
disposed below the oven body
10
during the cooking operation, an exhaust button (not shown) provided on the control panel
20
may be pressed by a user to activate the exhaust fan
13
installed at the rear and upper portion of the oven body
10
. By activating the exhaust fan
13
, the gas and fumes generated from the gas oven
100
are exhausted to the outside through the exhaust flow path. More specifically, upon activation of the exhaust fan
13
, the gas and fumes generated from the gas oven
100
are introduced into the lower flow path
23
through the intake ports
22
a
formed at the bottom plate
22
of the oven body
10
, and the gas and fumes introduced into the lower flow path
23
are raised through both of the rising flow paths
24
and
25
provided at the side and the backside of the cooking chamber
11
and the electric component compartment
12
, respectively. Subsequently, the gas and fumes are drawn to the exhaust fan
13
through the upper flow path
26
, and then exhausted to the outside from the exhaust fan
13
.
Additionally, the blower fan
31
in the electric component compartment
12
is activated to form the air curtain “A” below the oven body
10
during the exhausting operation, as shown in
FIGS. 2 and 5
. In other words, by activating the blower fan
31
, air introduced through the air inlet
32
, which is provided at the upper side of the electric component compartment
12
, is introduced into the electric component compartment
12
to cool the electric component compartment
12
. Furthermore, the air is discharged from the-air-discharging outlet
30
, which is provided at the front and lower portion of the oven body
10
, to form the air curtain “A.” That is, the air guide plate
35
in the electric component compartment
12
causes the air introduced into the compartment
12
through the air inlet
32
to first pass through the inside of the electric component compartment
12
to cool the electric components in the electric component compartment
12
. Furthermore, the air guide duct
38
of the bottom plate
22
allows the air introduced via the through hole
34
to be evenly distributed throughout the air-discharging outlet
30
and be discharged therefrom.
As shown in
FIG. 2
, the air curtain “A” projected from the air-discharging outlet
30
is obliquely extended forward and downward to define a boundary between outside room air and the gas and fumes generated from the gas oven
100
. The air curtain “A” prevents the gas and fumes generated from the gas oven
100
from being diffused into the outside room air (i.e., air in a kitchen space), and also directs the gas and fumes to the intake ports
22
a
of the oven body
10
. Accordingly, the gas and fumes are discharged to the outside, and the room air is prevented from being contaminated by the gas and fumes. In particular, the air curtain “A” guides gas and fumes generated from a front burning section
110
of the gas oven
100
, as well as those generated from a rear burning section, toward the intake ports
22
a
provided at the bottom plate
22
of the oven body
10
.
As described above, the present invention provides a wall-mounted microwave oven which projects an air curtain forward and downward to guide gas and fumes, which are generated from a gas oven disposed below the wall-mounted microwave oven, toward an intake port of the wall-mounted microwave oven. Since the gas and fumes are effectively discharged to the outside, room air is not contaminated by the gas and fumes generated from the gas oven.
Furthermore, since a fan provided in the wall-mounted microwave oven cools an electric component compartment as well as forms the air curtain, the wall-mounted microwave oven of the present invention is also cost effective.
Although the present invention is described with respect to a wall-mounted/wallmountable microwave oven, it is understood that the present invention can be applied to other cooking apparatuses which are situated to vent gas and/or fumes generated by another cooking apparatus(es). That is, the present invention can be applied to, for example, a toaster oven, a convection oven, and a multiple heat source cooking apparatus, such as a dual microwave/convection oven, which also vents gas and/or fumes generated by another cooking apparatus(es).
Furthermore, an air-discharging outlet of the present invention can be designed so as to output an air curtain having a shape/an edge shape which includes at least one line, an arc, a semicircle, and a circle according to a selection in a control panel. In addition, the air-discharging outlet can be further designed so as to direct the air curtain to a specific burning section of a cooking apparatus.
Although a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
- 1. A wall-mounted microwave oven mountable on a wall above a range-oven, comprising:a partition plate; an oven body which is mountable on the wall and includes a cooking chamber and an electric component compartment which are isolated from each other by the partition plate; an exhaust flow path disposed in the oven body to exhaust gas and fumes generated from the range-oven; an exhaust fan which exhausts the gas and fumes introduced into the exhaust flow path to the outside; an air-discharging outlet which is provided at a front and lower portion of the oven body, and forms an air curtain that guides the gas and fumes generated from the range-oven toward the exhaust flow path; and a blower fan which is disposed in the oven body and blows air to the air-discharging outlet.
- 2. The wall-mounted microwave oven as set forth in claim 1, wherein the blower fan is disposed in the electric component compartment so as to direct the air to the air-discharging outlet while cooling an inside of the electric component compartment.
- 3. The wall-mounted microwave oven as set forth in claim 2, wherein:the air-discharging outlet laterally extends at a front and lower side of the oven body, and the oven body further includes a bottom plate having an air guide duct which forms a flow path to guide the air directed from the electric component compartment toward the air-discharging outlet.
- 4. The wall-mounted microwave oven as set forth in claim 2, wherein the oven body further includes an air inlet which is provided at an upper front face portion of the oven body, and through which the air is introduced into the electric component compartment by activation of the blower fan.
- 5. The wall-mounted microwave oven as set forth in claim 4, wherein:the electric component compartment includes an air guide plate which divides a front space of the electric component compartment, adjacent to the air inlet, into upper and lower subspaces so as to circulate the air introduced through the air inlet in the inside of the electric component compartment and guide the air to the air-discharging outlet, and the blower fan is disposed in the upper subspace above the air guide plate.
- 6. The wall-mounted microwave oven as set forth in claim 2, wherein the partition plate, which defines a boundary between the cooking chamber and the electric component compartment, includes one or more vent holes which allow the air being circulated in the electric component compartment to be partially introduced into the cooking chamber therethrough.
- 7. The wall-mounted microwave oven as set forth in claim 1, wherein:the air-discharging outlet laterally extends at a front and lower side of the oven body, and the oven body further includes a bottom plate having an air guide duct which forms a flow path to guide the air directed from the electric component compartment toward the air-discharging outlet.
- 8. The wall-mounted microwave oven as set forth in claim 1, wherein the air-discharging outlet comprises an outlet guide which extends forwardly and downwardly by a set length, and guides the air discharged from the air-discharging outlet forward and downward.
- 9. A wall-mountable microwave oven comprising:an oven body having an exhaust path to exhaust gas and/or fumes existing below the oven body; an air-discharging outlet which is provided at a front and lower portion of the oven body and forms an air curtain, wherein the air curtain guides the gas and/or fumes to the exhaust path; and a blower fan which sucks and blows air toward the air-discharging outlet.
- 10. The wall-mountable microwave oven as set forth in claim 9, wherein the air curtain is formed by the air channeled and projected from the air-discharging outlet.
- 11. The wall-mountable microwave oven as set forth in claim 9, further comprising:a magnetron which generates high-frequency electromagnetic waves to cook food; a high-voltage transformer which applies a voltage to the magnetron; a cooking chamber having a turntable to place the food thereon; a drive motor which rotates the turntable; and a wave guide which guides the high-frequency electromagnetic waves generated from the magnetron to the cooking chamber.
- 12. The wall-mountable microwave oven as set forth in claim 9, wherein the exhaust path comprises:an intake port which is formed at a bottom plate of the oven body, and allows the gas and/or fumes to pass therethrough; a lower flow path which defines a space above the bottom plate and the intake port; rising flow paths which are disposed to corresponding sides of the oven body and connected to the lower flow path; and an upper flow path which is connected to the rising flow paths and communicates with the outside to exhaust the gas and/or fumes.
- 13. The wall-mountable microwave oven as set forth in claim 9, wherein:the oven body further includes a cooking chamber and an electric component compartment having a through hole which communicates with the air-discharging outlet, and the blower fan is arranged in the electric component compartment, and simultaneously cools the electric component compartment while blowing the air toward the air-discharge outlet through the through hole.
- 14. The wall-mountable microwave oven as set forth in claim 13, wherein the air-discharging outlet comprises:an outlet guide which projects the air to form the air curtain; an air guide duct which guides the air introduced through the through hole toward the outlet guide, and a dividing plate which is arranged corresponding to the through hole, and separates the air introduced from the electric component compartment from the gas and/or fumes flowing to the exhaust path.
- 15. The wall-mountable microwave oven as set forth in claim 14, wherein the electric component compartment includes vent holes which communicate with the cooking chamber, so as to vent the cooking chamber using a portion of the air directed to the air-discharging outlet.
- 16. The cooking apparatus as set forth in claim 9, wherein the air curtain is projected in an obliquely angle from the oven body.
- 17. A cooking apparatus comprising:a body having a cooking chamber to contain food therein, and an exhaust path to exhaust gas and/or fumes existing below the outer body; a heating unit to cook the food; an air-discharging outlet which forms an air curtain; and a blower fan which projects air toward the air-discharging outlet, wherein the air curtain guides the gas and/or fumes to the exhaust path of the body.
- 18. The cooking apparatus as set forth in claim 17, wherein the blower fan simultaneously cools the heating unit and projects the air toward the air-discharging outlet.
- 19. The cooking apparatus as set forth in claim 17, wherein the air curtain is a stream of air formed by the air projected from the air-discharging outlet.
- 20. The cooking apparatus as set forth in claim 17, wherein the cooking apparatus is a wall-mountable microwave oven.
- 21. The cooking apparatus as set forth in claim 17, further comprising a control panel which controls a cooking operation of the cooking apparatus, wherein the air-discharging outlet selectively forms the air curtain according to a control signal of the control panel.
- 22. The cooking apparatus as set forth in claim 21, wherein the air-discharging outlet forms the air curtain having at least one edge shape, which includes at least one line, an arc, a semicircle, and a circle according to a selection in the control panel.
- 23. The cooking apparatus as set forth in claim 21, wherein the air-discharging outlet selectively directs the air curtain to a desired area according to a selection in the control panel.
- 24. The cooking apparatus as set forth in claim 17, wherein the air-discharging outlet is moveably provided to the body so as to change a position of the air curtain.
- 25. The cooking apparatus as set forth in claim 17, wherein the air curtain is projected in an obliquely angle from the body of the cooking apparatus.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
2002-28759 |
May 2002 |
KR |
|
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Jan 1980 |
A |
4346692 |
McCauley |
Aug 1982 |
A |
6072169 |
Kang et al. |
Jun 2000 |
A |
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