WALL PANEL

Abstract

A system for forming a wall is described. In an embodiment, the panel comprises: one or more prefabricated wall panels each panel comprising: a rear board; a front board forming an internal face for a room, said front board spaced away from said rear board to form a cavity; a first side stud and a second side stud, each side stud connected to the front and rear boards on opposing sides of the cavity; and a head track and a base track, each track connected to the front and rear board and the first and second side stud at a top and bottom of said boards and studs respectively; and wherein the first side stud comprises a male mating means and the second side stud comprises a female mating means such that the prefabricated wall panel can mate with an adjacent prefabricated wall panel to form a continuous internal wall surface.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to improvements in wall panels, in particular to prefabricated wall panels for interlocking with adjacent wall panels to form a wall.

BACKGROUND

Modern Methods of Construction are typically focussed on prefabricated, modular systems that are then fixed together on site. Whilst some sectors of the construction industry have advanced in this area, internal partitions are significantly behind. Such Panels can be installed much quicker on site with less labour. The fixing methods do not require skilled labour and panels will be manufactured offsite in factory conditions where quality can be managed easily This results in lower workforce presence on sites, with associated lower welfare and safety management risks and concerns as well as improving build programmes

Whilst current prefabricated wall panels are known, these typically require labourers to position and hold the panels into position until they are secured into position. Furthermore, said panels can be heavy and bulky with associated health and safety risks.

One prior example of a wall structure is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,444,955. This document shows a generic frame to which different boards are affixed. The frame and boards are wooden or foam and are sandwiched together.

However, the frame and boards together form an integral unit such that the panel has an exposed frame with the boards therebetween. Furthermore, the connection mechanism has a large amount of wasted space and likely would be difficult to get the final panel into place.

A further example is shown in WO 2012/024742. This uses an external frame structure into which panels are engaged to form a wall structure. As per U.S. Pat. No. 5,444,955, the frame is exposed, with panels and the frame together providing the walled surface.

It is an object of the present invention to at least ameliorate the above defined issues with the existing prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a system for forming a wall, said system comprising: one or more prefabricated wall panels each panel comprising: a rear board; a front board forming an internal wall, said front board spaced away from said rear board to form a cavity; and a first side stud and a second side stud, each side stud connected to the front and rear boards on opposing sides of the cavity; and a head track and a base track, each track connected to the of the front and rear board and the first and second side stud at a top and bottom of said panels and studs respectively; and wherein the first side stud comprises a male mating means and the second side stud comprises a female mating means such that the prefabricated wall panel can mate with an adjacent prefabricated wall panel to form a continuous internal wall surface.

The system as described provides a method of installing an internal wall using prefabricated wall panels that are easier to install than existing traditional internal walls that are generally constructed on site. The use of male and female mating means between wall panels allows for a precise finish that results in a substantially smooth wall surface.

In embodiments the system may further comprise a guide rail provided on a floor of a building, said guide rail comprising a raised profile configured to be received within a correspondingly shaped recessed portion in the base track.

The use of a guide rail allows panels to be installed precisely and to form a straight wall and prevents small curvatures that can arise when flat wall panels are co-aligned. The guide rail acts to receive the panels and hold them substantially in position such that the panel is self-supporting. This allows an adjacent wall panel to be installed without having to fully secure the first panel.

The raised portion may comprise a substantially frustoconical cross-section, said raised portion provided along the length of the guide rail. Accordingly the recessed portion has substantially the same cross-section (but with a negative cross-sectional profile so that it can receive the raised portion). The recessed portion may also extend less than the height of the raised portion, such that a gap is formed between the base track of the wall panel and the floor when the recessed portion receives the raised portion. Insulation may then be placed within the gap and/or flexible sealing to account for relative movement of the panels. The gap may comprise a front gap beneath the front board and a rear gap beneath the rear board, and wherein at least the front gap is sealed by a fire sealant. The fire sealant may be an intumescent fire sealant.

Generally the side studs and the tracks may comprise metal framework to form a rigid frame for the panel. Steel or aluminium is typically used to provide rigidity whilst also minimising weight.

A deflection profile may be used, located on a soffit above any provided guide rail, and wherein the panel is secured against the deflection profile.

Deflection profiles are fixed to the soffit above which hold the panel in position whilst allowing for deflection in the building and maintaining performance.

The panel may further comprise a wireway, said wireway provided within the cavity and comprising one or more passages, said passages aligned along the height of the panel for constraining service cabling fed through the panel within the passage. The passages may comprise cardboard.

In a further embodiment, multiple panels are provided, each panel secured to an adjacent panel via the mating means and received in the guide rail to form an internal wall.

The front board may be a gypsum based board, such as a plasterboard or the like. The rear board may also be a gypsum based board such that the wall panel can be used as an internal wall in a room, with both the front board and the rear board forming an internal face for a room. It can be appreciated that whilst shown as aligned back to back the front and back boards may not necessarily be aligned parallel to each other. For example, the back board may comprise two perpendicular boards aligned perpendicular to each other, with the front board forming the hypotenuse. This arrangement may be useful in room corners or when arranging the panel in front of existing wall structures.

In some embodiments the back board is not a gypsum based board, but is instead a lightweight material, such as cardboard liner board. This can be useful if the back board is not intended for forming an internal face for a room. One example where this occurs is in a party wall structure. In such examples the panel may be considered to be a party wall panel.

It can be appreciated that two panels may be placed adjacent to each other with the front boards facing outwardly to form a sandwich structure. This sandwich structure may be used for party walls that separate rooms between Different houses, apartments or the like. When used for party walls, it can be appreciated that the back board need not be gypsum and so is typically cardboard or the like as described above. Wireways may be provided on both panels that make up the party wall such that each service runs through a single panel to supply different dwellings. In this manner, the central cavity between panels that form the party wall can be kept clear of cabling making maintenance for a single dwelling easier and eliminating the risk of service cabling for adjacent dwellings becoming entangled.

First and second partywall panels may be arranged parallel to each other on separate guide rails to form a party wall. In such embodiments an insulated sheet may be provided between the guiderails to lie between the first wall panel and the second wall panel in a void of the party wall between the rear boards.

The first wall panel and the second wall panel may be separated by a central deflection profile to brace the panels. Additionally or alternatively, each wall panel may be secured to a soffit using a deflection profile. Intumescent fire sealant may be provided between the deflection profile and the soffit.

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for installing a wall, said method comprising the steps of: installing a guide rail on a floor beneath the intended wall position, said guide rail comprising a raised profile extending away from the floor; providing a first wall panels from a plurality of wall panels, each wall panel comprising: a rear board; a front board forming an internal face of the wall, said front board spaced away from said rear board to form a cavity; and a first side stud and a second side stud, each side stud connected to the front and rear boards on opposing sides of the cavity; and a head track and a base track, each track connected to the of the front and rear board and the first and second side stud at a top and bottom of said panels and studs respectively; aligning a recessed profile in the base track of the first wall panel on the raised profile, wherein the raised profile has a substantially identical negative cross-section to the raised profile; aligning a second wall panel on the guide rail adjacent to said first wall panel, wherein a male mating means on the first side stud of one wall panel with a female mating means on the second side stud of the other wall panel.

According to a third aspect, there is provided a method of installing a party wall, said method comprising the steps of: installing a first wall according to the second aspect; providing a second guide rail on the floor parallel to the guide rail; and installing a second wall on the second guide rail.

The method may comprise the steps of installing insulation between the first and second walls; and securing each wall to a central deflection profile against which each wall is braced. Further steps may include: securing each wall to a soffit using a deflection profile; and sealing any gaps between the walls and the floor or the soffit using intumescent fire sealant.

Embodiments of the aspects may comprise any element of any embodiment of the other aspects of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The invention is described in further detail below by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a prefabricated internal wall panel for use with a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a top section of the wall panel of FIG. 1 when connected but with the gypsum based boards removed;

FIG. 3 shows the system installed between a floor and soffit;

FIG. 4 shows an upper portion of an installed system;

FIG. 5 shows a bottom portion of the wall panel;

FIG. 6a shows a top portion of the wall panel;

FIG. 6b shows a cross sectional view of FIG. 6a;

FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of the system used for a party wall;

FIG. 8 shows a lower portion of the mounting system used for the party wall; and

FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a party wall with the system of FIG. 7.

It should be noted that the Figures are diagrammatic and not drawn to scale. Relative dimensions and proportions of parts of the Figures have been shown exaggerated or reduced in size, for the sake of clarity and convenience in the drawings. The same reference signs are generally used to refer to corresponding or similar feature in modified and different embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a prefabricated internal wall panel 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The panel broadly comprises a front gypsum based board 12, rear gypsum based board 14, head track 22 and base track 24. The front board 12 forms an internal face of a room and can be finished accordingly. However, it is typically supplied as a plasterboard finish ready for decorating.

The front board is spaced away from the rear board 14 that may either form a corresponding internal wall of an adjacent room, or may form part of a party wall (as will be described in more detail below. The rear board is also typically plasterboard when the panel is used as an internal wall, or may be an alternative backboard surface such as cardboard or the like when the panel is used as a party wall, depending on the intended finish or use of the panel.

The front and back boards are connected to a head track 22 and a base track 24 and side studs 26 and 28 such that it provides a void or cavity therebetween. It can be appreciated that this cavity within the panel may be filled with an insulation product, such as Rockwool insulation slabs, or the like.

In the embodiment shown, the panel is an internal wall panel such that the front board and the rear board are gypsum based boards and form an internal face of a room. Each panel is sealed to the floor and a soffit using intumescent fire sealant to provide resistance to fire to prevent fire from spreading from one dwelling or one side of the internal wall to the other dwelling or other side of the internal wall. This also acts to improve the acoustic properties of the panel.

Side studs 26 and 28 are provided, said side studs are shown in greater detail in FIG. 2c. The side studs receive the head track 22 and the base track 24 to form a frame for the wall panel. The head track, base track and the side studs are typically metal, generally formed from sheet steel or aluminium. This forms a metal framework around the panel, which provides further fire resistance and again improves the acoustic properties of the panel.

In addition, a wireway 30 is provided that is provided within the cavity behind the front gypsum based board 12, although it can be appreciated that a similar wireway may be provided within the cavity behind the rear gypsum based board 14 when the panel is used as an internal wall. The wireway 30 runs along the height of the front gypsum based board from a lower point adjacent to the base track to an upper point adjacent to the head track. The wireway typically comprises a number of channels or passages through which cabling for services can be passed therethrough. In the example shown, 3 passages are used, each running parallel to each other. The wireway is typically made of cardboard or the like to provide some degree of structural rigidity and resistance to piercing by the cables. In some embodiments the cardboard may be treated to be smooth with a lower coefficient of friction to aid passage of the cables through the channels.

Also shown in FIG. 1 are steel support rails 42 that are attached to the side studs and support the wireway 30. The support rails further act to support backboxes and the like that are placed within the panel. Similarly pattress plates 44 may be provided in front of the wireway between the wireway and the front board to support fixtures and fittings such as TV wall frames or the like.

FIG. 2 shows a top portion of the wall panel 10. The side stud 26, 28 are secured by the head track 22 that brace to form a top part of the frame. The head track 22 is typically of metal construction and comprises a channel 23 configured to engage with a guide rail 65 as described below. The head track 22 in an embodiment is the same as the base track 24. This allows the panel to be inverted as required, which aids installation. As shown, the wireway 30 is secured in slots or grooves that run along the side struts. One side stud 26 has a male engagement portion 26a, which is configured to be received by a correspondingly shaped female engagement portion 28a in the opposite side stud 28. This allows the wall panel to be aligned against a corresponding adjacent wall panel to form a wall. The interlocking of the male and female engagement portions act to secure the wall against lateral movement. The interlocking is typically a friction-fit

Also shown in FIG. 2 are channels or passage 32 in the wireway. The wireway channels 32 run along the length of the wireway 30 and therefore along a substantial portion of the panel. Each channel 32 provides a separate passageway. The wireway is typically formed of cardboard or the like, that is lightweight and substantially rigid enough to constrain fed cabling. The cardboard also acts to resist piercing through the channels to prevent the cabling being lost in the void. The cardboard may also be substantially smooth (such as with a coating) that acts to reduce friction between cabling and assist in passing cabling through the channels and from a top portion of the panel to a lower part of the panel.

FIG. 3 shows the system with a front panel 80 installed. In the example shown, the system is installed between a floor 52 and a soffit 54. The system 10 is aligned on a guide rail 60 installed on the floor 52. A deflection head rail profile 70 is used against which the panel 10 is installed. It can be seen that the front panel 80 hides the frame behind the panel 80 to provide a flat surface to the end user.

FIG. 4 shows an internal wall with four panels—front boards 12a, 12b and 12c form an internal wall surface. Panel 12b is shorter and allows for a service opening panel 60 to be installed. Typically panel 12a is installed, and where openings are required a shorter prefabricated panel 12b is formed and positioned, then a prefabricated opening panel 60 is installed. This panel 60 is formed to the correct size appropriate to services passing through with the gypsum based boards cut out 62. The next panel 12c can then be installed and the deflection head rail 70 is then installed at the head to secure all panels into position. Again, no sign of the frame (head track, base track, side tracks) are visible from the front of the wall.

FIG. 5 shows the lower section of the installed system of FIG. 3. The female profile of the side stud 28a is shown. Also shown is the guide rail 65. The guide rail has a substantially square cross-section although frustoconical or trapezoidal cross-sections may be used, that runs along the length of the guide rail. This provides a protruding substantially square (or trapezoidal, isosceles or trapezoid) raised surface that is configured to be received within a correspondingly shaped recess in the base track 24.

FIG. 6a shows the corresponding top section of the installed system of FIG. 3. The panel is secured by deflection profile head rails 70a, 70b. The deflection profile head rails 70a, 70b provide rigidity to system and further add to the overall fire resistance of the system. The head rails 70a, 70b also act to provide acoustic sealing for the panels and the overall system. FIG. 6b shows a cross-section, with insulation provided within the cavity of the panel between the front and rear panels, and also above the panels behind the head rails 70a, 70b.

FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of the system as applied to a party wall 100. As shown, the party wall system is made from 2 partywall panels 100 and comprises of gypsum based front boards 112a, 112b that form internal faces for adjacent walls on either side of the party wall system 100. The system 100 further comprises rear panels 114a, 114b. Given these are not providing a finished wall face to a room then these can be a lightweight material, such as cardboard liners 114a, 114b. The use of cardboard provides structural rigidity without the weight of gypsum or metal. The rear boards 114a, 114b and corresponding front board 112a, 112b for cavity panels as described above. In the party wall system there is further provided head tracks 122a, 122b and base tracks 124a, 124b. Corresponding side struts 126a, 128a, 126b, 128b are also shown.

As can be seen, the two partywall panels lie adjacent to each other on either side of an insulation slab 120 that sits between the two wall panels. The front gypsum based boards also face away from each other to form opposing internal walls. A mounting system 160 provided on floor 152 is used to mount the panels. An example is shown in FIG. 8. Similarly, deflection profiles 170a, 170b are also provided and are shown in more detail in FIG. 9.

FIG. 8 shows an exemplary mounting system 160 which in the present embodiment comprises two parallel guide rails 160a, 160b separated by an insulation slab 120. The slab may be rockwool insulation or the like. It can be appreciated that the guide rails 160a, 160b may be a unitary piece—this ensures that the rails are parallel and eases installation.

FIG. 9 shows a cross-section of the party wall system on FIG. 7 after installation (the centre of the system is omitted for clarity). For ease, only one panel is labelled, which in the example shown has two gypsum boards 112 forming the front board. In addition to the elements already described, there is provided a fire sealant 172, such as an intumescent sealant, in the gap between the base of the panel and the floor. This acts to resist fire and smoke ingress through the internal wall by, in the case of an intumescent sealant, expanding when heated to ensure no smoke ingress through the panels and through the party wall. The insulation slab 120 is fitted between the rear board cardboard liners 114 on the back of each panel. The cavity 178 of the panels are filled with acoustic damping material, such as Isover partition roll. This aids in sound proofing the room to prevent sound escape through the party wall.

In addition to the deflection profiles 170a, 170b, against which the panels are secured, is a central deflection profile 180. This acts to brace the panels and prevent them from moving inward when subject to a lateral force. Final parts of note include insulation 182 within the head strut and intumescent fire sealant 184 between the deflection profile 170a and the soffit and also between the floor and the guide rails 160 (on the side of the front board 112 at least) to again improve performance in case of fire.

The above described invention provides a prefabricated wall panel with a wireway that aids installation of services, in particular by constraining cabling in defined channels. In this way the cables are more easily fed through the wall panels from a supply in the ceiling to supply boxes at floor level without getting entangled or snagged within the panel. Furthermore, by having cabling within defined channels, the risk to service installers of later service cabling is reduced.

It can be appreciated that the various embodiments described above contain complimentary features that may be combined depending upon the need of the wall installer. Accordingly, the method and systems described herein therefore provide a way of installing an internal wall and a party wall using prefabricated panels.

From reading the present disclosure, other variations and modifications will be apparent to the skilled person. Such variations and modifications may involve equivalent and other features which are already known in the art of construction and which may be used instead of, or in addition to, features already described herein.

Although the appended claims are directed to particular combinations of features, it should be understood that the scope of the disclosure of the present invention also includes any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed herein either explicitly or implicitly or any generalisation thereof, whether or not it relates to the same invention as presently claimed in any claim and whether or not it mitigates any or all of the same technical problems as does the present invention.

Features which are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable sub-combination. The applicant hereby gives notice that new claims may be formulated to such features and/or combinations of such features during the prosecution of the present application or of any further application derived therefrom.

For the sake of completeness it is also stated that the term “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps, the term “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality, a single panel or other unit may fulfil the functions of several means recited in the claims and reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A system for forming a wall, said system comprising: one or more prefabricated wall panels each panel comprising: a rear board;a front board forming an internal face for a room, said front board spaced away from said rear board to form a cavity;a first side stud and a second side stud, each side stud connected to the front and rear boards on opposing sides of the cavity; anda head track and a base track, each track connected to the front and rear board and the first and second side stud at a top and bottom of said boards and studs respectively; andwherein the first side stud comprises a male mating means and the second side stud comprises a female mating means such that the prefabricated wall panel can mate with an adjacent prefabricated wall panel to form a continuous internal wall surface.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a guide rail provided on a floor of a building, said guide rail comprising a raised profile configured to be received within a correspondingly shaped recessed portion in the base track.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the raised portion comprises a substantially frustconical cross-section, said raised portion provided along the length of the guide rail.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the recessed portion extends less than the height of the raised portion, such that a gap is formed between the base track and the floor when the recessed portion receives the raised portion.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the gap comprises a front gap beneath the front board and a rear gap beneath the rear board, and wherein at least the front gap is sealed by a fire sealant.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the fire sealant is an intumescent fire sealant.

7. The system of claim 2, wherein multiple panels are provided, each panel secured to an adjacent panel via the mating means and received in the guide rail.

8. The system of claim 2, wherein first and second wall panels are arranged parallel to each other on separate guide rails to form a party wall.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the rear board of each wall panel is a cardboard liner.

10. The system of claim 8, wherein insulation is provided between the guiderails to lie between the first wall panel and the second wall panel in a void of the party wall between the rear boards.

11. The system of claim 8, wherein the first wall panel and the second wall panel are separated by a central deflection profile to brace the panels.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein each wall panel is secured to a soffit using a deflection profile.

13. The system of claim 12, further comprising intumescent fire sealant between the deflection profile and the soffit.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the side studs and the tracks comprise metal framework to form a rigid frame for the panel.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein the panel further comprises a wireway secured to the front board, said wireway provided within the cavity and comprising one or more passages, said passages aligned along the height of the panel for constraining service cabling fed through the panel within the passage.

16. The system of claim 7, wherein 2 or more passages are provided, each passage running parallel to each other.

17. The system of claim 1, wherein the front board comprises a gypsum based board.

18. The system of claim 1, wherein the front board sits in front of the side studs and tracks to hide the side studs and tracks behind the front board.

19. A method for installing a wall, said method comprising the steps of: installing a guide rail on a floor beneath the intended wall position, said guide rail comprising a raised profile extending away from the floor;providing a first wall panel from a plurality of wall panels, each wall panel comprising: a rear board;a front board forming an internal face of the wall, said front board spaced away from said rear board to form a cavity;a first side stud and a second side stud, each side stud connected to the front and rear boards on opposing sides of the cavity; anda head track and a base track, each track connected to the front and rear board and the first and second side stud at a top and bottom of said panels and studs respectively;aligning a recessed profile in the base track of the first wall panel on the raised profile, wherein the raised profile has a substantially identical negative cross-section to the raised profile;aligning a second wall panel on the guide rail adjacent to said first wall panel, wherein a male mating means on the first side stud of one wall panel engages with a female mating means on the second side stud of the other wall panel.

20. A method of installing a party wall, said method comprising the steps of: installing a first wall according to claim 12;providing a second guide rail on the floor parallel to the guide rail; andinstalling a second wall on the second guide rail.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising the steps of: installing insulation between the first and second walls; andsecuring each wall to a central deflection profile against which each wall is braced.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising the steps of: securing each wall to a soffit using a deflection profile; andsealing any gaps between the walls and the floor or the soffit using intumescent fire sealant.