Claims
- 1. A water heating system to heat water with combustion products, said system including at least one heat exchanger element being formed from first and second plates joined together to form at least one channel therebetween to provide at least one liquid flow path between an inlet and an outlet, said flow path being inside of said element and a combustion products heat transfer surface on the outside thereof, said element being characterised by said at least one flow path each consisting of a single path which extends across a portion of said element away from said inlet in one direction and across said portion in the opposite direction toward said inlet, in a serpentine manner.
- 2. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said flow path extends across the full width of said element.
- 3. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said flow path extends across said plate in a zig zag or sinusoidal configuration.
- 4. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first plate has a single continuous groove whereby when a flat second plate is joined thereto, said channel is formed.
- 5. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first and second plates each have a series of discrete dimples therein, whereby adjacent dimples on said first plate are connected by the series of adjacent and partially overlapping dimples on said second plate to form said channel.
- 6. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said serpentine manner is such that the flow crosses the element at least twice.
- 7. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water flow path is shaped like one of the following: generally helical; cork screw; square helical; or vortex shaped.
- 8. A water heating system as claimed in claim 5, wherein said flow path requires liquid flowing therein to travel along one of said dimples in said first plate having a straight line pathway then flow through an approximately 90° direction change into said second plate then through an approximately 90° direction change to flow through an adjacent dimple in said second plate in a straight line pathway through said adjacent dimple.
- 9. A water heating system as claimed in claim 5, wherein said dimples provide a straight line path after transition from said first plate to said second plate whereby the maximum length of the straight line path is in the range of three to seven times the depth or height of the dimple.
- 10. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first and second plates each have a flared end extending away from a joining plane of said first and second plates.
- 11. A water heating system as claimed in claim 10, wherein said flared ends extend along the side edges of said plate from a leading edge to a trailing edge.
- 12. A water heating system as claimed in claim 10, wherein said flared ends extend for a distance in the direction towards the centre of said plate along leading and trailing edges.
- 13. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said element is formed from identical plates placed back to back.
- 14. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said heat exchanger and or plates forming said heat exchanger have a nestable shape.
- 15. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said heat exchanger element has a shape which includes a main portion and at least two arms extending away from the main portion.
- 16. A water heating system as claimed in claim 15, wherein the two arms extend in the one of the following directions away from the main portion: parallel to each other; diverging away from each other; converging towards each other; or produces any one of the following shapes: as a Y shape, U shape, C shape, E shape H shape, V shape or any other appropriate shape
- 17. A water heating system as claimed in claim 16, wherein the arms of the element when placed near to adjacent elements form a water jacket around a combustion chamber.
- 18. A water heating system as claimed in claim 15, wherein said heat exchanger element has a shape whereby the two arms extend in opposite directions to each other, such as in a T shape.
- 19. A water heating system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the cross bar of said T shape forms an end wall of said combustion chamber.
- 20. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said element includes at least one dimple formation thereon whereby when two or more of such elements are position side by side, said dimple formations are aligned to form a header which can receive a liquid and which will direct said liquid through each of said heat exchanger elements simultaneously.
- 21. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leading edge is profiled to substantially follow the flow path.
- 22. A water heating system as claimed in claim 21, wherein points along said leading edge have a minimum distance to the nearest channel such that said minimum distances are similar.
- 23. A water heater system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plates each have a formation to allow all plates to be rested together prior to fusing.
- 24. A water heating system as claimed in claim 23, wherein said formation is a flange on said first and second plates such that when placed back to back said flanges all extend in the same general direction.
- 25. A water heating system as claimed in claim 24, wherein said flange is at an angle to said plate.
- 26. A water heating system as claimed in claim 24, wherein said flange extends partially around the periphery of said plates.
- 27. A water heating system as claimed in claim 24, wherein said flange extends wholly around the periphery of said plates.
- 28. A water heating system to heat water with combustion products, said system including at least one heat exchange element being formed from a first plate and a second plate forming a channel therebetween to form a liquid flow path inside of said heat exchanger and a heat transfer surface on the outside of said heat exchanger wherein the configuration of said liquid flow path and thus said heat transfer surface varies across the width of said heat exchange element in one or more of the following characteristics:
the cross sectional area of the liquid flow path; the angle at which the liquid flow path lies to the leading edge; the length of said liquid flow path; the amount of resistance to liquid flowing in said liquid flow path; the amount of resistance to combustion product passing over the heat transfer surface.
- 29. A water heating system as claimed in claim 28, wherein said first plate has a single continuous groove whereby when a flat second plate is joined thereto said flow path is formed.
- 30. A water heating system as claimed in claim 28, wherein said first and second plate each have a series of discrete dimples whereby adjacent dimples on said first plate are connected by dimples on said second plate to form said liquid flow path.
- 31. A water heating system as claimed in claim 28, wherein said flow path is of one of the following: a zig zag configuration or a sinusoidal configuration.
- 32. A water heating system as claimed in claim 28, wherein said flow path is configured to provide at or near to a leading edge of said element, a different length of straight line sections compared with the length of straight line section in the vicinity of a trailing edge of said element.
- 33. A water heating system as claimed in claim 28, wherein said flow path has a single path which extends across all or part of said element in a serpentine manner.
- 34. A water heating system as claimed claim 28, wherein said flow path extends across part or all of said element at least two times.
- 35. A water heating system as claimed in claim 28, wherein the included angle between lengths of dimples or segments of channels on said first and/or second plate in the vicinity of a leading edge is varied by comparison to the included angle in the region of a trailing edge.
- 36. A water heating system as claimed in claim 31, wherein the amplitude of said zig zag or sinusoidal configuration is varied in said flow path in the vicinity of said leading edge by comparison to the amplitude of said zig zag or sinusoidal configuration in the vicinity of said trailing edge.
- 37. A water heating system as claimed in claim 28, wherein said flow path divides into a multiple number of parallel liquid flow paths connecting a channel across said elements in the vicinity of said trailing edge to a channel across said elements in the vicinity of said leading edge.
- 38. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of said heat exchanger element increases from said leading edge to said trailing edge.
- 39. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the depth of said dimples on said plate or plates increases from said leading edge to said trailing edge.
- 40. A water heating system as claimed in claim 38, wherein when two or more elements are positioned adjacent to each other a combustion products' flow path is formed between adjacent plates, said combustion products' flow path, near to said leading edges being of a different cross sectional area than at said trailing edges.
- 41. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the element is formed from plates made from two or more plate segments which are bonded together to form a composite single plate.
- 42. A water heating system as claimed in claim 41, wherein said plate can have segments are made from different materials.
- 43. A water heater system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said heat exchange elements have a leading edge formed of a different material to the rest of the heat exchange element which contains said dimples or channels.
- 44. A water heating system as claimed in claim 43, wherein said leading edges have a shape or result in the effect of promoting combustion in the combustion chamber.
- 45. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said heat exchanger element includes a by pass channel which connects an entry header to an exit header.
- 46. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water flow paths in said heat exchanger element cross over each other at predetermined points to enable water flowing therein to mix with, pass through, or pass over and under, each other.
- 47. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water heater heat exchanger element has more than one inlet and one outlet, with each inlet having communication to one outlet, so that said heat exchanger element can have more than one liquid circuit passing therethrough.
- 48. A water heating system as claimed in claim 47, wherein when in use the hottest parts of the heat exchanger element receives a first circuit, while a second circuit is heated in a cooler part of the element.
- 49. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water heater heat exchange element has in addition to a series of discrete dimples, a continuous peripheral path to serve a water jacket function.
- 50. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of said elements which are like oriented in said heat exchanger and placed in parallel.
- 51. A water heating system as claimed in claim 50, wherein the outside surfaces of dimples of said first plate of one element make contact with outside surfaces of dimples on said second plate at discrete lines or points of contact.
- 52. A water heating system as claimed in claim 51, wherein said discrete lines or points of contact are one of the following: held; joined; joined by fusion; joined by brazing; joined by soldering; joined by diffusion bonding.
- 53. A water heating system as claimed in claim 52, wherein in use, combustion products are forced around said channels and said discrete lines or points of contact forming a multi convoluted combustion path through said heat exchanger.
- 54. A water heating system to heat water with combustion products, said system including plates having therein an array of dimples, said plates being placed together in pairs, the pairs of plates being arranged in parallel to form a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger being bordered by a water jacket being formed from plates having therein channels or dimples to allow water to flow through said jacket, said jacket being joined to or integral with the heat exchanger, said heat exchanger and water jacket having passages interconnecting them to allow liquid to pass therebetween, the assembly being held together to define a combustion chamber with combustion product passages and water passages within said assembly.
- 55. A water heating system as claimed in claim 54, being formed from a plurality of plates including at least a first plate for forming a first heat exchanger element and at least a second plate for forming a second heat exchanger element whereby each of said plurality of first plates are joined back to back with like plates to form a plurality of intermediate heat exchanger elements and each of said plurality of second plates are joined back to back with like plates to form a plurality of end heat exchanger elements, said heat exchanger assembly being constructed by sandwiching said intermediate heat exchanger elements between said end heat exchanger elements and holding them together.
- 56. A water heating system as claimed in claim 54, wherein said elements are generally vertically oriented so that when said elements are assembled leading edges of said elements are generally aligned with the depth of said water jacket assembly.
- 57. A water heating system as claimed in claim 54, wherein said elements are generally vertically oriented so that when said elements are assembled the leading edges of said elements are generally aligned with the width of said water jacket assembly.
- 58. A water heating system as claimed in claim 54, wherein said elements are generally horizontally oriented.
- 59. A water heating system as claimed in claim 58 wherein said elements include apertures therethrough to permit combustion products to flow between pairs of elements.
- 60. A water heating system as claimed in claim 54, wherein the plates of the heat exchanger are adapted to cause turbulent flow of water through the water passages.
- 61. A water heating system as claimed in claim 54, wherein the plates of the heat exchanger are adapted to cause turbulent flow of combusted gases past the exterior.
- 62. A water heating system as claimed in claim 54, wherein the plates of the heat exchanger are such that their exterior surfaces also provide an escape path for condensate that forms in use.
- 64. A water heating system as claimed in claim 1, further including a storage means to receive hot water which would otherwise remain in said apparatus when a user has closed a valve preventing further hot water passing through said valve.
- 65. A water heating system as claimed in claim 64, wherein hot water in said storage means is passed through said valve once said valve is re-opened.
- 66. A water heating system as claimed in claim 28, further including a storage means to receive hot water which would otherwise remain in said apparatus when a user has closed a valve preventing further hot water passing through said valve.
- 67. A water heating system as claimed in claim 66, wherein hot water in said storage means is passed through said valve once said valve is re-opened.
- 68. A water heating system as claimed in claim 54, further including a storage means to receive hot water which would otherwise remain in said apparatus when a user has closed a valve preventing further hot water passing through said valve.
- 69. A water heating system as claimed in claim 68, wherein hot water in said storage means is passed through said valve once said valve is re-opened.
- 70. A water heater system having at least two water flow paths, with both paths passing through a water/gas heat exchanger, which transfers heat from combustion products to water contained in said circuits, a first of said at least two paths including a serial connection to a radiator means and a serial connection to a water/water heat exchanger where water in said first path can transfer heat to or receive heat from water in said second path.
- 71. A water heater system as claimed in claim 70, wherein said water in said first path is in a closed loop.
- 72. A water heater system as claimed in claim 70, wherein said second of said at least two paths includes a cold water inlet.
- 73. A water heater system as claimed in claim 70, wherein said cold water inlet is split into two water flow sub-paths, a first sub-path to deliver water to said water/water heat exchanger and a second sub-path to deliver water said water/gas heat exchanger.
- 74. A water heater system as claimed in claim 70, wherein said second sub-path can merge with said first sub path for water to flow out of said system, when a valve on an outlet conduit from said system is in an open condition.
- 75. A water heater system as claimed in claim 73, wherein when a valve on an outlet conduit from said system is in a closed condition water in said first and second sub-paths is circulated.
- 76. A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger assembly including making profiled heat exchanger plates, placing pairs of plates together to form a heat exchanger element, placing a plurality of heat exchanger plate elements together to form a sandwich, said assembly having a combustion chamber and combustion products passages and water passages within said assembly and wherein two type of heat exchanger elements are formed, end elements and intermediate elements with said end elements having a different water path to said intermediate elements.
- 77. A method as claimed in claim 76, wherein said heat exchanger plates are manufactured such that those portions not required on a blank for one plate are a part of the next successive plate stamped.
- 78. A method as claimed in claimed in claim 76, wherein said heat exchanger elements can be assembled in parallel, which can be any one of the following: vertically oriented wherein the elements extend such that their leading edges run generally parallel to the width of the water heater into which the heat exchanger assembly will be installed; vertically oriented wherein the elements extend such that their leading edges run generally parallel to the depth of the water heater into which the heat exchanger assembly will be installed; or horizontally oriented in the water heater into which the heat exchanger will be installed.
- 79. A water heating system as claimed in claim 28, wherein said water heater heat exchange element has in addition to a series of discrete dimples, a continuous peripheral path to serve a water jacket function.
- 80. A water heating system as claimed in claim 54, wherein said water heater heat exchange element has in addition to a series of discrete dimples, a continuous peripheral path to serve a water jacket function.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
PP 4105 |
Jun 1998 |
AU |
|
Parent Case Info
[0001] This patent application is a continuation application of PCT application serial number PCT/AU99/01106 filed on Dec. 14, 1999 (published in the English language on Jun. 21, 2001). This patent application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/719,675 filed on Feb. 9, 2001, which was a 35 U.S.C. §371 of PCT application serial number PCT/AU99/00473 filed on Jun. 15, 1999 (published in the English language on Dec. 23, 1999), which claimed the benefit of Australian patent application number PP 4105 filed on Jun. 15, 1998. Each of these applications is hereby incorporated by reference.
Continuations (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
PCT/AU99/01106 |
Dec 1999 |
US |
Child |
10166782 |
Jun 2002 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09719675 |
Feb 2001 |
US |
Child |
10166782 |
Jun 2002 |
US |