Patent Grant
10612461
This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-093723 filed on May 15, 2018. The entire contents of this application are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to a watercraft and a system for operating the same.
There is a type of watercraft including a plurality of different types of outboard motors. For example, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,497,748, there is a type of watercraft that includes a first outboard motor with a large horsepower as a main motor and a second outboard motor with a small horsepower as an auxiliary motor. When controlled by different systems, the first and second outboard motors are attached to a watercraft while being paired with tools for operating them, respectively. Therefore, the watercraft includes the first outboard motor, the tool for operating the first outboard motor (a first operating tool), the second outboard motor and the tool for operating the second outboard motor (a second operating tool).
For example, when the first outboard motor is controlled by an electric operating signal, the first operating tool outputs an electric signal, which indicates operating both shifting and a throttle opening degree of the first outboard motor, to the first outboard motor through an electric cable. By contrast, when the second outboard motor is controlled by a mechanical operating amount, the second operating tool outputs a mechanical operating amount, which indicates operating both shifting and a throttle opening degree of the second outboard motor, to the second outboard motor through, for instance, motions to push and pull a cable.
However, as described above, when the watercraft is equipped with the plural operating tools that are associated with the plural outboard motors, respectively, a system for operating the watercraft is made complex, and operating each outboard motor is made cumbersome. In view of this, improvement has been demanded for watercraft and systems for operating the watercraft such that a plurality of outboard motors are operable by making the systems for operating the watercraft as simple as possible.
A watercraft according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a vessel body, a first outboard motor, a second outboard motor, an operating tool, a first transmission path and a second transmission path. The first outboard motor is attached to a vessel body, receives an electric operating signal, and is controlled in accordance with the electric operating signal. The second outboard motor is attached to the vessel body, receives a mechanical operating amount, and is controlled in accordance with the mechanical operating amount. The operating tool controls shifting and a throttle opening degree of each of the first and second outboard motors. The electric operating signal is transmitted through the first transmission path to the first outboard motor based on an operation of the operating tool. The mechanical operating amount is transmitted through the second transmission path to the second outboard motor based on an operation of the operating tool.
A vessel operating system according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a first outboard motor, a second outboard motor, an operating tool, a first transmission path and a second transmission path. The first outboard motor receives an electric operating signal and is controlled in accordance with the electric operating signal. The second outboard motor receives a mechanical operating amount and is controlled in accordance with the mechanical operating amount. The operating tool controls shifting and a throttle opening degree of each of the first and second outboard motors. The electric operating signal is transmitted through the first transmission path to the first outboard motor based on an operation of the operating tool. The mechanical operating amount is transmitted through the second transmission path to the second outboard motor based on an operation of the operating tool.
The above and other elements, features, steps, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention, and modifications thereto, will be hereinafter explained with reference to drawings.
The propeller shaft 23a extends in the back-and-forth direction. The propeller shaft 23a is connected to the drive shaft 22a through the shift mechanism 24a. A propeller 28a is connected to the propeller shaft 23a. The housing 26a is disposed below the engine cover 25a. The drive shaft 22a, the propeller shaft 23a and the shift mechanism 24a are disposed inside the housing 26a.
The shift mechanism 24a switches the rotational direction of power transmitted from the drive shaft 22a to the propeller shaft 23a. The shift mechanism 24a includes a plurality of gears and a clutch that changes meshing of the plurality of gears. For example, the shift mechanism 24a includes a forward moving gear 29a, a rearward moving gear 30a and a clutch 31a. The forward moving gear 29a and the rearward moving gear 30a are meshed with a bevel gear 36a attached to the drive shaft 22a. The clutch 31a selectively causes either the forward moving gear 29a or the rearward moving gear 30a to be engaged with the propeller shaft 23a. The clutch 31a is movable to a forward moving position, a rearward moving position and a neutral position.
When in the forward moving position, the clutch 31a causes the forward moving gear 29a to be engaged with the propeller shaft 23a. Accordingly, the rotation of the drive shaft 22a is transmitted to the propeller shaft 23a so as to rotate the propeller shaft 23a in a forward moving direction. When in the rearward moving position, the clutch 31a causes the rearward moving gear 30a to be engaged with the propeller shaft 23a. Accordingly, the rotation of the drive shaft 22a is transmitted to the propeller shaft 23a so as to rotate the propeller shaft 23a in a rearward moving direction. When in the neutral position, the clutch 31a causes both the forward moving gear 29a and the rearward moving gear 30a to be disengaged from the propeller shaft 23a. Accordingly, the rotation of the drive shaft 22a is not transmitted to the propeller shaft 23a.
The first outboard motor 3a includes a shift member 32a and a shift actuator 33a. The shift member 32a is connected to the clutch 31a. When driven by the shift actuator 33a, the shift member 32a moves the clutch 31a to one of the forward moving position, the rearward moving position and the neutral position. For example, the shift member 32a is a rod. When the shift member 32a is rotated in a predetermined direction, the clutch 31a is moved from the forward moving position to the rearward moving position via the neutral position. When the shift member 32a is rotated reversely to the predetermined direction, the clutch 31a is moved from the rearward moving position to the forward moving position via the neutral position. However, the shift member 32a is not limited to the rod, and alternatively, may be another member such as a wire.
The shift actuator 33a is connected to the shift member 32a and drives the shift member 32a. The shift actuator 33a is, for instance, an electric motor. The shift actuator 33a drives the shift member 32a so as to switch the clutch 31a to one of the forward moving position, the rearward moving position and the neutral position. In other words, the shift actuator 33a switches the shift mechanism 24a among a forward moving state, a rearward moving state and a neutral state.
The first outboard motor 3a includes a throttle valve 34a and a throttle actuator 35a. The throttle valve 34a regulates the intake amount of the engine 21a. The throttle actuator 35a controls the opening degree of the throttle valve 34a. The throttle actuator 35a is, for instance, an electric motor.
The first outboard motor 3a includes an engine ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 39a. The engine ECU 39a includes a processor such as a CPU and memories such as a RAM and a ROM. The engine ECU 39a stores programs and data that control the first outboard motor 3a. The engine ECU 39a is communicably connected to the shift actuator 33a and the throttle actuator 35a. The engine ECU 39a controls the shift actuator 33a so as to switch the shift mechanism 24a of the first outboard motor 3a among the forward moving state, the rearward moving state and the neutral state. The engine ECU 39a controls the throttle actuator 35a so as to control the rotational speed of the engine 21a.
The shift mechanism 24b of the second outboard motor 3b includes a forward moving gear 29b, a rearward moving gear 30b, a clutch 31b and a bevel gear 36b. These elements of the second outboard motor 3b are basically the same as those of the first outboard motor 3a described above, and hence, a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.
The second outboard motor 3b includes a shift member 32b and a shift link mechanism 33b. The shift member 32b is connected to the clutch 31b of the shift mechanism 24b. The shift link mechanism 33b is connected to a shift cable 18 to be described later. The shift link mechanism 33b transmits the motion of the shift cable 18 to the shift member 32b. The shift link mechanism 33b includes a mechanical element such as a cam, a gear or so forth, and transmits the motion of the shift cable 18 to the shift member 32b by the mechanical motion thereof. In the second outboard motor 3b, the shift member 32b, when driven by the shift cable 18, moves the clutch 31b to one of the forward moving position, the rearward moving position and the neutral position.
The second outboard motor 3b includes a throttle valve 34b. The throttle valve 34b regulates the intake amount of the engine 21b. The throttle valve 34b is connected to a throttle cable 19. In the second outboard motor 3b, the opening degree of the throttle valve 34b is controlled by the motion of the throttle cable 19.
The operating tool 15 is movable among the forward moving position, the neutral position and the rearward moving position. The remote control 12 outputs an electric operating signal, which indicates operating both shifting and throttle opening degree, in accordance with the position of the operating tool 15. The operating tool 15 is, for instance, a lever. However, the operating tool 15 is not limited to the lever, and alternatively, may be another type of device such as a switch, a joystick, a touchscreen or so forth.
The remote control 12 is communicably connected to the engine ECU 39a of the first outboard motor 3a. The remote control 12 is connected to the engine ECU 39a of the first outboard motor 3a through a first transmission path 16. For example, the first transmission path 16 is an electric cable that transmits an electric signal.
An electric operating signal is outputted from the remote control 12 and is transmitted through the first transmission path 16 to the engine ECU 39a of the first outboard motor 3a. The first outboard motor 3a receives the electric operating signal from the remote control 12 through the first transmission path 16, and is controlled in accordance with the electric operating signal.
The actuator unit 13 is connected to the remote control 12 through the first transmission path 16. The actuator unit 13 is connected to the second outboard motor 3b through a second transmission path 17. The second transmission path 17 includes the shift cable 18 and the throttle cable 19. A mechanical operating amount is transmitted through the second transmission path 17 to the second outboard motor 3b based on an operation of the operating tool 15.
The mechanical operating amount is indicated by the motion amount of the shift cable 18. The mechanical operating amount is also indicated by the motion amount of the throttle cable 19. For example, the mechanical operating amount is indicated by the motion amount of pushing and pulling each of the shift cable 18 and the throttle cable 19. However, the mechanical operating amount may be indicated by the amount of another type of motion such as rotation of each of the shift cable 18 and the throttle cable 19.
The actuator unit 13 converts an electric operating amount, inputted thereto from the remote control 12 through the first transmission path 16, into a mechanical operating amount, and then transmits the mechanical operating amount to the second outboard motor 3b through the second transmission path 17. The second outboard motor 3b receives the mechanical operating amount through the second transmission path 17, and is controlled in accordance with the mechanical operating amount.
More specifically, the actuator unit 13 includes an actuator 41 and an actuator ECU 42. The actuator 41 is connected to the second transmission path 17. The actuator ECU 42 includes a processor such as a CPU and memories such as a RAM and an ROM. The actuator ECU 42 stores programs and data that control the actuator 41. The actuator ECU 42 is communicably connected to the actuator 41. The actuator ECU 42 controls the actuator 41.
The actuator 41 includes a second movable member 45 and a second motor 46. The second movable member 45 is connected to the throttle cable 19. The second motor 46 is connected to the second movable member 45 through a gear (not shown in the drawing), and drives the second movable member 45. The second motor 46 is, for instance, an electric motor. When driven by the second motor 46, the second movable member 45 actuates the throttle cable 19. For example, when driven by the second motor 46, the second movable member 45 is rotated about a rotational shaft 49 and thus pushes and pulls the throttle cable 19.
However, the first movable member 43 and/or the second movable member 45 may be linearly movable. The motion of the shift cable 18 and that of the throttle cable 19 are not limited to the push-and-pull motion, and alternatively, may be another type of motion such as rotation.
The operational switch 14 switches which of the first and second outboard motors 3a and 3b is operated by the operating tool 15. The operational switch 14 is connected to the actuator unit 13.
The selection switch 47 includes a first switch 51 and a second switch 52. When the first switch 51 is pressed, the operational switch 14 outputs a command signal to make the first outboard motor 3a operable. When the second switch 52 is pressed, the operational switch 14 outputs a command signal to make the second outboard motor 3b operable. The command signal, outputted from the operational switch 14, is transmitted to the actuator ECU 42.
The operational switch 14 includes a first indicator 53 and a second indicator 54. The first indicator 53 is lit when the first outboard motor 3a is made operable. The second indicator 54 is lit when the second outboard motor 3b is made operable.
It should be noted that the selection switch 47 is not limited to the push-button switch, and alternatively, may be another type of switch such as a slide switch or a rotary switch. The selection switch 47 may be a switch movable to a first position and a second position. When the selection switch 47 is in the first position, the first outboard motor 3a is made operable. When the selection switch 47 is in the second position, the second outboard motor 3b is made operable. Alternatively, the selection switch 47 may be a touchscreen switch.
When the first outboard motor 3a is made operable, the electric operating signal, outputted from the operating tool 15, is transmitted to the engine ECU 39a of the first outboard motor 3a through the first transmission path 16. For example, when the operating tool 15 is operated from the neutral position toward the forward moving position when the first outboard motor 3a is made operable, the engine ECU 39a in the first outboard motor 3a controls the shift actuator 33a such that the shift mechanism 24a in the first outboard motor 3a is switched from the neutral state to the forward moving state in accordance with the electric operating signal inputted thereto from the remote control 12. Additionally, the engine ECU 39a controls the throttle actuator 35a such that the throttle opening degree is regulated in accordance with the operating amount of the operating tool 15.
When the operating tool 15 is operated from the neutral position toward the rearward moving position when the first outboard motor 3a is made operable, the engine ECU 39a controls the shift actuator 33a such that the shift mechanism 24a in the first outboard motor 3a is switched from the neutral state to the rearward moving state in accordance with the electric operating signal inputted thereto from the remote control 12. Additionally, during rearward movement, the engine ECU 39a similarly controls the throttle actuator 35a, as it does in the forward movement, such that the throttle operating degree is regulated in accordance with the operating amount of the operating tool 15.
It should be noted that when the first outboard motor 3a is made operable, operating the second outboard motor 3b is made inoperable or inactive. For example, when the second outboard motor 3b is inoperable, the shift mechanism 24b in the second outboard motor 3b is kept in the neutral state.
When receiving the command signal to make the second outboard motor 3b operable from the operational switch 14, the actuator ECU 42 computes the mechanical operating amount in accordance with the electric operating signal inputted thereto from the remote control 12, and controls the actuator 41 to output the mechanical operating amount to the second outboard motor 3b through the second transmission path 17.
The actuator ECU 42 includes operating amount information that defines the relationship between the electric operating signal and the mechanical operating amount. The actuator ECU 42 converts the electric operating signal into the mechanical operating amount with reference to the operating amount information.
Explanation will be hereinafter made regarding control of the actuator unit 13 in a condition that the second outboard motor 3b is made operable by the operational switch 14. For example, when the operating tool 15 is operated from the neutral position toward the forward moving position, the actuator ECU 42 causes the actuator 41 to actuate the shift cable 18 such that the shift mechanism 24a in the second outboard motor 3b is switched from the neutral state into the forward moving state. As shown in
When the operating tool 15 is operated from the neutral position toward the rearward moving position, the actuator ECU 42 causes the actuator 41 to actuate the shift cable 18 such that the shift mechanism 24a in the second outboard motor 3b is switched from the neutral state into the rearward moving state. As shown in
It should be noted that when the second outboard motor 3b is made operable, the first outboard motor 3a is made inoperable. For example, when the first outboard motor 3a is inoperable, the shift mechanism 24a in the first outboard motor 3a is kept in the neutral state.
In the watercraft 1 and the vessel operating system 7 according to the preferred embodiments explained above, the first outboard motor 3a, which is an electronically controlled type, and the second outboard motor 3b, which is a mechanically controlled type, may be operated by the common remote control 12. Therefore, it is not required to provide different remote controls provided for the outboard motors, respectively, on the watercraft 1. Hence, the configuration around the operator seat 5 is simple.
For example, during long distance movement of the watercraft 1 that includes the first outboard motor 3a as a main motor and the second outboard motor 3b as an auxiliary motor, the first outboard motor 3a is made operable such that the first outboard motor 3a is operable by the remote control 12. By contrast, during minute positional adjustment or short distance movement of the watercraft 1, the second outboard motor 3b is made operable such that the second outboard motor 3b is operable by the remote control 12.
Additionally, in the watercraft 1 and the vessel operating system 7 according to present preferred embodiments described above, the second outboard motor 3b, which is a mechanically controlled type, is electronically controllable by the actuator unit 13. Therefore, the second outboard motor 3b is able to be effectively controlled by electronic control by making the operating amount information suitable for the second outboard motor 3b.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention have been explained above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described preferred embodiments, and a variety of changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
In the above-described preferred embodiments, the watercraft 1 includes the first outboard motor 3a as only one electronically controlled outboard motor. However, the number of electronically controlled outboard motors may be two or greater. In the above-described preferred embodiments, the watercraft 1 includes the second outboard motor 3b as only one mechanically controlled outboard motor. However, the number of mechanically controlled outboard motors may be two or greater. The horsepower of the second outboard motor 3b is not limited to be smaller than that of the first outboard motor 3a, and alternatively, may be equivalent to or larger than that of the first outboard motor 3a.
The structure of the actuator unit 13 is not limited to that described in the above-described preferred embodiments, and may be changed. The first transmission path 16 is not limited to the electric cable, and may be changed. For example, the first transmission path 16 may include wireless communication. The second transmission path 17 is not limited to the cable, and may be changed. For example, the second transmission path 17 may include other mechanical elements such as a rod, a gear and a cam.
The electric operating signal, transmitted to the first outboard motor 3a through the first transmission path 16, is not limited to indicate both shifting and throttle opening degree, and alternatively, may indicate only shifting, only throttle opening degree, or another type of parameter such as the steering angle of the first outboard motor 3a. Likewise, the mechanical operating amount, transmitted to the second outboard motor 3b through the second transmission path 17, is not limited to indicate both shifting and throttle opening degree, and alternatively, may indicate only shifting, only throttle opening degree, or another type of parameter such as the steering angle of the second outboard motor 3b.
The configuration that controls the second outboard motor 3b by the actuator unit 13 is not limited to that in the above-described preferred embodiments. For example, the actuator unit 13 may cause the second outboard motor 3b to execute a vessel operating mode enabled by an electronically controlled outboard motor. The vessel operating mode includes, for instance, a fixed spot keeping mode and/or an autopilot mode. The fixed spot keeping mode is a mode that keeps the watercraft 1 in a predetermined position. The autopilot mode is a mode that keeps the vessel velocity of the watercraft 1 at a predetermined velocity.
The selector device 55 may include a mechanical switch, or alternatively, may be a touchscreen. The selector device 55 may be integral with or separate from the remote control 12.
When the fixed position keeping mode is selected by the selector device 55 when the second outboard motor 3b is made operable, the actuator unit 13 controls both shifting and the throttle opening degree of the second outboard motor 3b by outputting the mechanical operating amount to the second outboard motor 3b through the second transmission path 17 so as to keep the watercraft 1 in the predetermined position. When the autopilot mode is selected by the selector device 55 when the second outboard motor 3b is made operable, the actuator unit 13 controls both shifting and the throttle opening degree of the second outboard motor 3b by outputting the mechanical operating amount to the second outboard motor 3b through the second transmission path 17 so as to keep the vessel velocity at the predetermined velocity.
The operating amount information is not limited to the operating amount information shown in
It should be noted that the actuator unit 13 may include the operating amount information shown in
In the above-described preferred embodiments, one remote control 12 is provided, but alternatively, two or more remote controls 12 may be provided.
The first remote control 12a includes a first operating tool 15a. The second remote control 12b includes a second operating tool 15b. Each of the first and second remote controls 12a and 12b preferably has a similar configuration to the above-described remote control 12. Each of the first and second operating tools 15a and 15b preferably has a similar configuration to the above-described operating tool 15. The first and second remote controls 12a and 12b are connected to the first outboard motor 3a and the actuator unit 13 through the first transmission path 16.
The actuator unit 13 may convert an electric operating signal, inputted thereto from either the first remote control 12a or the second remote control 12b through the first transmission path 16, into a mechanical operating amount and transmits the mechanical operating amount to the second outboard motor 3b through the second transmission path 17. The detailed configuration of controlling the second outboard motor 3b by the actuator unit 13 are preferably similar to that in the above-described preferred embodiments.
In the above-described preferred embodiments, when the first outboard motor 3a is made operable, the second outboard motor 3b is made inoperable and the shift mechanism 24b in the second outboard motor 3b is kept in the neutral state. However, when the first outboard motor 3a is made operable, the shift mechanism 24b may be set in the forward moving state while the engine 21b in the second outboard motor 3b is stopped. Accordingly, the propeller 28b in the second outboard motor 3b is inhibited from rotating along with the propeller 28a in the first outboard motor 3a.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it is to be understood that variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention, therefore, is to be determined solely by the following claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-093723 | May 2018 | JP | national |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7220153 | Okuyama | May 2007 | B2 |
| 7497748 | Salmon | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 20060240720 | Yamashita | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20070082565 | Okuyama | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20140329422 | Ito | Nov 2014 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 56-47398 | Apr 1981 | JP |
| 3386521 | Mar 2003 | JP |
| 2006-347499 | Dec 2006 | JP |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190353093 A1 | Nov 2019 | US |
