The present disclosure relates generally to the management of hoses and other conductors in well applications.
Well locations for oil and gas exploration, drilling, completion, production, and servicing present many unique challenges not faced or addressed in other technical fields. For example, during certain stages in the life of wells, very considerable investments are required in terms of specialized equipment and highly-trained manpower to put into place and operate devices that are positioned deep in a wellbore under conditions that are both demanding technologically, and dangerous, depending upon well conditions. This is true, for example in hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”) operations, where many different specialized teams of equipment operators need to be in place and cooperating to install, interconnect, and operate the required systems. And all of this must be done in an efficient manner to contain costs while respecting stringent regulations and time constraints.
A number of the systems that are used in well applications, particularly in fracking, are hydraulically driven, using high pressure oil hydraulic fluids that are pumped from a power supply to hydraulic motors, cylinders, and other actuators at and around the well location. (Note that this use of the term hydraulic is distinguished from the “hydraulic” fracking deep within the well, which is typically done with a slurry of water, sand, and other constituents.). In well fields where multiple wells are closely spaced, such hydraulic equipment may be positioned, repositioned, and interconnected to provide a whole range of operations, such as actuating wireline valves and other valves, actuating motors, actuating blowout preventors, to mention only a few. Moreover, the current state of the art requires that much of this equipment is spaced from the well itself around an area sometimes called “the red zone”. Consequently, long hoses and other conductors (e.g., electrical power and sensory cables) are run and connected to the well equipment before any operations can proceed. Following these operations, then, all of these must be recaptured, packaged, stored, and moved.
Complicating these operations are the facts that the hydraulic hoses used are heavy and often dirty and slippery due to the unique demands of the hydraulic equipment, pressures, and fluids involved. Techniques for deploying these conductors, connecting them in place, testing them, disconnecting them, and retrieving them has evolved very little over time. Current approaches involve manually transporting multiple hoses of sometimes hundreds of feet and weighing hundreds of pounds to well locations, and stretching them out between power sources and actuators, making the needed connections, and then testing and finally employing the hydraulics in cooperation with other well-servicing operations by the on-location specialized teams. After use, the hoses are then drained to the extent possible, re-coiled (and sometimes taped or otherwise bound), and reloaded on trucks for transport away from the location. It should be apparent, and as is well-known to those skilled in the art, these jobs are messy, time consuming, and inefficient.
Some limited efforts have been made to address this problem by using hose reels. A key challenge, though, is that both ends of the hoses must be available for connections—that is, a distal end that is stretched out to the actuator location, and a base end that for connection to the power source, typically a valve bank, manifold, or hydraulic power unit. Conventional hose reels do not allow easy access to the base end without completely removing the hose from the reel, thereby greatly limiting the use by unnecessarily, in some cases, removing great lengths of hose that is not actually used or needed in particular applications. Some reels, typically known as live reels (as opposed, for example, from storage reels), may address this problem by the use of high pressure swivel joints at an inlet or base end. Such reels are made, for example, by Hannay Reels Inc. of Westerlo, New York. However, these are expensive, and are in most cases limited to one or two conduits. Higher flow rates (that is, sizes) and greater numbers of hoses make these either prohibitively expensive, or unavailable at all.
There is a keen need in this field for straightforward solutions for storing, transporting, deploying, using, and recapturing multiple high pressure hoses and other conductors. In particular, any successful solution must be extremely robust and flexible for addressing the demanding environments and real-world constraints of well applications.
A summary of certain embodiments disclosed herein is set forth below.
Various aspects of this disclosure may be better understood upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference to the drawings described below in which like numerals refer to like parts.
A wide range of equipment may be needed or useful during processes at oil and gas wells. It should be borne in mind that the present discussion is intended only to provide a cursory outline of such equipment, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the equipment and systems may vary widely depending upon the wells being serviced, the operations being performed, and so forth. Indeed, the reels and techniques described here, while adapted for oil and gas well applications are equally well suited or may be readily adapted to a host of other uses, such as firefighting, spray and pressure washing, rescue operations, aviation applications, agricultural operations, audio/video cable uses, construction uses, fuel delivery, industrial applications, mining applications, sewer and waste applications, public utility applications, welding applications, and so forth. Further, it should be understood that while high pressure hydraulic well equipment control hoses are described here as an important resource that may be stored on, payed out from, and retrieved via the reel systems described, more generally “conductors” or any type may be used in conjunction with the reels, particularly hoses of other types, control or data cables, power cables, and so forth.
Returning to
In a typical operation, the various equipment and services are brought in and positioned around the well site, and all communications, flow lines, control lines, instrumentation lines, and the like are run and interconnected with the well equipment (and one another where required) in a carefully coordinated process that may take days. Conditions at the site may make such operations challenging, particularly where manual routing and interconnection of the hoses, conductors, wiring, and data cables is done largely manually, as it is in most cases. The present approach to storing and deploying hoses and other conductors is intended to greatly facilitate and speed that process.
Of course, for any oil or gas well application the foregoing equipment is positioned on or near the surface of the ground 56 traversed by a well 58. The well penetrates one or more zones of interest 60 from which minerals will hopefully be accessed and extracted. Operations might, then include detecting parameters of such zones, perforating rock in the zones, fracturing the rock, and so forth. In practice, a number of wells may be drilled and serviced in a single site (as shown in
Some of these components are connected to services via hoses, cabling, and so forth, particularly to provide pressurized hydraulic fluid flow to actuate them. This is the case, in the illustrated example, of the wireline valves 48 and the valves 52 and 54. As shown in the figure, then, these may be connected to their remote equipment and services via reels 10.
As illustrated, the reels 64 store hose 66. In current embodiments, it is contemplated that one or more (e.g., two, three, four, etc.) hoses may be stored parallel on each reel, and payed out together at the worksite. Moreover, an advantage of the reels compared to present techniques at well sites is that only the amount of hose needed is drawn from the reels, the rest remaining wound and stored. Each hose has a pigtail or umbilical end 68 extending from an inner space (discussed below), and a distal or application end 72 that is free to be pulled to the application or actuator. In current embodiments, hydraulic quick disconnect fittings are mounted on the ends of the hoses to allow rapid and easy connections, and to retain the hydraulic fluid within them. In the illustrated embodiments, the reels are supported by a mechanical support bracket 74 on an inboard side, though many different physical supports may be envisioned. In the embodiment shown with two reels, a hydraulic drive 76 is positioned between them and connected to hydraulic motors (discussed below) to allow powered retrieval of the hoses. The entire assembly is mechanically mounted on a support base 78, such as a skid. In some embodiments, the skid may be designed for lifting with a fork lift or crane, or it may be mounted permanently or removably on a truck for ease of transport.
In a current embodiment, the reel is supported at the drive side by the bearings of the hydraulic motor, which is solidly fixed (e.g., bolted) to the support 74. The opposite side of the reel may be rotationally supported on casters (see below) on the support 78). This arrangement greatly simplifies the structure, and alleviates the need for heavy bearings in the reel, or separate supports for them. Of course, where desired, the entire structure may be adapted for such bearings, or on the contrary, the reel side discs could both be supported by casters with the drive motor being less rigidly supported on its support.
In a practical application, the method for using the reels would follow operations such as this. The reel system would be transported to a jobsite, and positioned where desired (e.g., around a red zone of a wellsite). One or multiple parallel hydraulic control hoses wound into the storage space of the core of the spool assembly between the spaced side or lateral discs are payed out. These hoses may be prefilled with hydraulic fluid, or may be transported dry and filled at the jobsite. At this point, the pigtails or umbilical ends of the hoses are not connected to the source of power to allow them to freely rotate with the reel. It should be noted that this alleviates the need for complex and expensive live rotational or swivel fittings as on some existing reels. As noted above, only the required lengths of hose need to be payed out, and the remainder can continue to be stored on the reel. Once the hoses are deployed, the reel is immobilized, such as via the structures discussed above. If the pigtail or umbilical ends are stored in the umbilical space, these are pulled out and the pigtails are unwound. The hoses may be connected to the onsite equipment, typically a source of pressurized fluid on the pigtail end, and to an actuator (e.g., valve, valve bank, motor, manifold, or any other application) at the distal end, such a via quick disconnects on the ends of each hose. During these operations, the drive system may be powered off, or may be on if needed for shifting of valves, checking its operation, and so forth. Following use at the jobsite, then, the ends of the hoses may be disconnected (e.g., via the quick disconnects), and the pigtail ends returned to the umbilical space. The immobilization structure on the reel may be freed so that the drive system may be powered on and controlled to cause rewinding of the hoses on the reel.
This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 63/337,304, entitled “Wellsite Hose and Conductor Payout and Retraction Method and System,” filed May 2, 2022, that is incorporated herein by reference in the entirety.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20230349246 A1 | Nov 2023 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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63337304 | May 2022 | US |