Patent Application
20190280389
The present application generally relates to wideband conformal antennas. More specifically, the application teaches a wideband conformal antenna employing a various slot shape and size in the ground plane to accomplish a broadband frequency response wherein the two axis of symmetry in the antenna design are fragmented in order to maximize resonances of RF currents over broader frequency bands.
Coplanar waveguide fed slot antennas typically consist of a ground plane and a feed element on the same side of a dielectric substrate. The feed element is positioned in a manner to excite the slot and radiate energy in an orthogonal direction to the plane of the slot. However, slot antennas resonate at a frequency corresponding to the dimensions of the slot and have limited efficiency at other frequencies and therefore have a very narrow bandwidth. A common method to improve bandwidth of an antenna is to employ a slot with gradually changing dimensions. A further improvement in the bandwidth was shown possible by introducing a set of tuning stubs in the slot. It would be desirable to extend the bandwidth available to the antenna without increasing the aperture size.
Embodiments according to the present disclosure provide a number of advantages. For example, embodiments according to the present disclosure may facilitate greater frequency bandwidth for coplanar antennas and vehicular applications thereof.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, a coplanar antenna comprising a substrate having a first side and a second side, a slot antenna structure formed on the second side of the substrate wherein the slot antenna structure is asymmetrical in a first direction and wherein the slot antenna structure is fed by a coplanar waveguide feed coupled to a first tuning stub within the slot antenna structure and a second tuning stub within the slot antenna structure and wherein the first tuning stub and the second tuning stub are asymmetrical in the first direction.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a vehicular communications system comprising a planar dielectric substrate having a first side interior to a vehicle and a second side exterior to a vehicle, a transceiver, a slot antenna structure formed on the second side of the planar dielectric substrate wherein the slot antenna structure is asymmetrical in a first direction, wherein the slot antenna structure has a first tuning stub formed within the slot antenna structure and a second tuning stub formed within the slot antenna structure and wherein the first tuning stub and the second tuning stub are asymmetrical in the first direction, and a coplanar waveguide feed coupled to the transceiver and the first tuning stub and the second tuning stub wherein the first tuning stub is longer than the second tuning stub.
The above advantage and other advantages and features of the present disclosure will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.
The above-mentioned and other features and advantages of this invention, and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and the invention will be better understood by reference to the following description of embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The exemplifications set out herein illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention, and such exemplifications are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any manner.
The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the disclosure or the application and uses thereof. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any theory presented in the preceding background or the following detailed description. For example, the circuitry, transmission lines and antennas of the present invention has particular application for use on a vehicle. However, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the invention may have other applications.
Turning now to
A CPW-line 230 is employed to achieve the desired bandwidth, wherein along with the asymmetric slots 220 and the CPW line 230 enable the desired increased bandwidth. In an exemplary embodiment, the antenna is fabricated on 1.9 mm thick Rogers TMM-4 substrate (relative dielectric constant=4.7) which has the RF dielectric property close to an automotive windshield. The antenna fabricated using the TMM-4 substrate features the asymmetric slots 220 and the asymmetric tuning stubs 210, thereby fully exploiting the asymmetry in the antenna geometry in order for RF currents to be supported over as wideband as possible. It should be noted that the proposed antenna could be easily modified for different substrate material including but not limited to the automotive windshield. The antenna may be fabricated using non sharp edges in order to increase the realized bandwidth and to reduce abrupt losses of gain over a frequency range.
Turning now to
The exemplary CPW-fed single layer, wideband slot type of antenna, may employ full asymmetry in the aperture at two axes., full asymmetry in the tuning stubs 210 at two axes and rounded, or non sharp, edges in the slots 220 and tuning stubs 210.
