Patent Grant
7285870
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
The present invention relates to a wind power installation for generating electrical energy, with at least two components which respectively have sensors and actuators and comprise a control unit. At present, known wind power installations have a central automation system. This system has a central control system which controls the wind power installation via special hardware components, such as for example SPS and bus connections. In this connection, specific functions and specially adapted software are used which make use of a manufacturer-specific functional scope. It is therefore not possible to replace individual pieces of equipment easily in the wind power installation. An alteration to one component necessitates complex alterations to the control system.
The object of the invention is to provide a wind power installation, in the control system of which no, or only small, adaptations are required when replacing individual parts of the wind power installation.
Advantageous embodiments form the subject of the sub-claims.
The wind power installation according to the invention consists of at least two components which respectively have sensors and actuators. Each of the control units is connected to a data network for the exchange of data and signals. Each component exchanges with the other components, signals for the operating conditions of the component, detected sensor values and/or control signals for the other components via the control unit associated with said component.
In the wind power installation according to the invention, a central control system is dispensed with. The control system is based on the individual components. This approach of a component-based control system of the wind power installation is based on the recognition that the signal exchange between the components is sufficient for controlling a wind power installation and does not require a central control system but can be modularised without loss of speed and accuracy. With the construction of the wind power installation according to the invention, individually occurring operating conditions of the components are controlled according to specific parameters for the components. The communication of the operating conditions between the components, however, is carried out irrespective of specific parameters. A consequence of this is that components from different manufacturers can be interchanged, without alterations being required to the control routines of the other components.
In a preferred embodiment each component is exclusively controlled by the control unit associated therewith. In this embodiment, a control system is avoided where a control unit directly controls a component not associated therewith.
A drive train unit and an electrical unit are preferably provided as components of the wind power installation. Each of these units has an individual control system which exchanges data with the other control system. In this connection, measured values in the components can naturally also be exchanged with one another.
It has been shown that the drive train unit can be split into further independent units. The drive train unit comprises a braking unit, a shaft unit, a generator unit or combinations of these units. In addition, the drive train can be provided with a gear box.
The electrical unit is expediently split into one or more independent units. In this connection, a grid connection unit, a converter unit, a transformer unit or a combination of these units prove to be expedient as units.
In wind power installations, whether offshore or on land, it is expedient to provide additionally a tower unit. The tower unit consists of a heating unit, a lifting unit, an access control unit or combinations of these units.
In order to ensure the communication between the units, it has proven to be expedient to use an ether network or a fieldbus network.
The wind power installation according to the invention will be described hereinafter in more detail with reference to a sketch.
While this invention may be embodied in many different forms, there are described in detail herein a specific preferred embodiment of the invention. This description is an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiment illustrated.
The rotor blades 10 shown have a pitch control 12 for adjusting the rotor blade angle. The rotor shaft 14 terminates in a gear box 16. The output shaft of the gear box 16 is additionally provided with a braking system 18 and terminates in a generator 20. The electrical energy generated by the generator 20 is adapted in a converter 22 to the grid requirements and fed via the connector 24 into the grid system 26. A cooling system 28 and an azimuthal drive 31 are additionally provided in the nacelle.
Further components, for example for the monitoring and diagnosis of the operation, can be provided in the nacelle.
All components are connected to an ether network 32, via which data and signals can be received and transmitted for other components.
In the wind power installation according to the invention, the necessary control system is present on the main components to automate the entire system. In this connection, the advantage is that the interfaces with all component suppliers are clearly defined and the components communicate with one another via the defined interfaces. This results in the components being able to be replaced quickly and inexpensively irrespective of individual suppliers. Moreover, it is advantageous that signals can be incorporated therewith to monitor the components.
The above disclosure is intended to be illustrative and not exhaustive. This description will suggest many variations and alternatives to one of ordinary skill in this art. All these alternatives and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the claims where the term “comprising” means “including, but not limited to”. Those familiar with the art may recognize other equivalents to the specific embodiments described herein which equivalents are also intended to be encompassed by the claims.
Further, the particular features presented in the dependent claims can be combined with each other in other manners within the scope of the invention such that the invention should be recognized as also specifically directed to other embodiments having any other possible combination of the features of the dependent claims. For instance, for purposes of claim publication, any dependent claim which follows should be taken as alternatively written in a multiple dependent form from all prior claims which possess all antecedents referenced in such dependent claim if such multiple dependent format is an accepted format within the jurisdiction (e.g. each claim depending directly from claim 1 should be alternatively taken as depending from all previous claims). In jurisdictions where multiple dependent claim formats are restricted, the following dependent claims should each be also taken as alternatively written in each singly dependent claim format which creates a dependency from a prior antecedent-possessing claim other than the specific claim listed in such dependent claim below.
This completes the description of the preferred and alternate embodiments of the invention. Those skilled in the art may recognize other equivalents to the specific embodiment described herein which equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the claims attached hereto.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 103 00 174 | Jan 2003 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP03/14767 | 12/23/2003 | WO | 00 | 7/7/2005 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004/063568 | 7/29/2004 | WO | A |
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