This application claims the benefit of and priority to Italian Patent Application No. MI2009A 000572, filed on Apr. 9, 2009, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein.
Known nacelles of wind power turbines define a compartment housing many of the control and actuating devices of the wind power turbine. The blade assembly comprises a hub; and a number of blades adjustable with respect to the hub about their longitudinal axes, to adjust the pitch of the blades. The nacelle also houses the blade pitch adjustment actuating and control devices. The nacelle of some known wind power turbines is also designed to house frequency converters and transformers. Modern wind power turbines have pylons ranging between 60 meters (196.85 feet) and 120 meters (393.7 feet) in height. So, to carry out the necessary maintenance of the actuating and control devices, the mechanical parts of the nacelle, and the instruments inside it, easy access by maintenance workers to the inside of the nacelle is of vital importance. At present, wind power turbines are normally equipped with service ladders inside the pylon, and with a winch inside the wind power turbine for hoisting heavy, bulky material; and small parts are sometimes carried by workers in backpacks.
Climbing up and down ladders, possibly several times a shift and carrying backpacks, is very tiring, uneconomical, and at times even dangerous.
For this reason, many known wind power turbines are equipped with a lift, housed inside the pylon and movable along a first axis, for carrying two or three workers, tools, instruments, and medium-sized spare parts, and which connects the bottom end of the pylon to a panoramic platform fixed to the pylon, beneath the nacelle, and of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,998,729 B1.
Known lifts, however, stop well below the nacelle, which means the last part of the ascent to the nacelle must be made by ladder, with all the drawbacks referred to above.
The reason the lift stops short of the top of the pylon is because of the cable bundle, which is normally wound into a ring underneath the nacelle, to allow the nacelle to rotate with respect to the pylon without stressing the cables. And since the nacelle is normally designed to make two and a half turns with respect to the pylon, the ring formed by the cable bundle underneath the nacelle is relatively large and normally hinders access to the nacelle.
The present disclosure relates to a wind power turbine for producing electric energy.
More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a wind power turbine comprising a pylon extending from a bottom end to a top end; a nacelle fitted to the top end of the pylon to rotate about a first axis; an electric generator fitted to the nacelle to produce electric energy; a blade assembly, which rotates with respect to the nacelle about a second axis; and an electric cable bundle extending from the electric generator to transfer electric energy between the nacelle and a point inside the pylon, such as at the bottom end of the pylon.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present disclosure to provide a wind power turbine designed to eliminate the drawbacks of the known art.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a wind power turbine affording more space as compared with known wind power turbines.
According to the present disclosure, there is provided a wind power turbine for producing electric energy, the wind power turbine comprising a pylon extending from a bottom end to a top end; a nacelle fitted to the top end of the pylon to rotate about a first axis; an electric generator fitted to the nacelle to produce electric energy; a blade assembly, which rotates with respect to the nacelle about a second axis; an electric cable bundle extending from the electric generator to a point inside the pylon, such as at the bottom end of the pylon; and a guide device for guiding the cable bundle; the guide device being connected to the cable bundle, and being configured to divert the cable bundle radially from a point close to the first axis, to a point well or substantially away from the first axis, and to rotate the cable bundle.
The present disclosure thus provides for greatly reducing hindrance by the cables, by the guide device guiding the cables in orderly fashion, without impairing rotation of the nacelle with respect to the pylon, and without subjecting individual cables to torsional stress along the guide device.
Additional features and advantages are described in, and will be apparent from, the following Detailed Description and the figures.
A non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Referring now to the example embodiments of the present disclosure illustrated in
Pylon 2 is substantially defined by a truncated-cone-shaped wall 7 fixed to a foundation structure 8 and fitted at the top with a thrust bearing 9, on which nacelle 3 is mounted. An actuating device (not shown) at thrust bearing 9 selectively orients nacelle 3 about axis A1, as wind power turbine 1 is running, to position nacelle 3 and blade assembly 4 upwind and optimize performance of wind power turbine 1.
Pylon 2 has access openings formed in wall 7 and closed by doors 10, only one of which is shown in
Nacelle 3 is substantially in the form of a tubular elbow, extends partly along axis A1 and partly along axis A2, is substantially defined by a wall 11, and houses actuators and component parts (not shown).
Wind power turbine 1 comprises a cable bundle 12 connecting nacelle 3 to the bottom end of pylon 2, and which, in the example shown, connects electric generator 5 to a transformer (not shown) at the bottom end of pylon 2.
Blade assembly 4 comprises a hollow hub 13; and three blades 14 (only one shown in
Electric generator 5 is fitted to and projects from nacelle 3, extends about axis A2, and, in the example shown, is a permanent-magnet, synchronous generator with a hollow rotor connected directly to hub 13 by a sleeve (not shown). This structure also allows access by workers, through nacelle 3 and the sleeve, to the instruments and construction parts inside hub 13.
Panoramic platform 6 comprises a supporting frame 15, a roof 16, a floor 17, and windows 18. Frame 15 is fixed to, more specifically is suspended from, nacelle 3, extends about pylon 2, beneath nacelle 3, and comprises a bottom ring 19, which supports wheels 20 contacting wall 7 of pylon 9, and rotates about pylon 2 together with nacelle 3.
Access to panoramic platform 6 is through the door 10 in wall 7 of pylon 2, as shown in
Panoramic platform 6 is asymmetrical with respect to axis A1. That is, the radial extension of panoramic platform 6 is greater on the opposite side to blades 14 than on the side facing blades 14.
Wind power turbine 1 also comprises a lift 21 for carrying workers and spare parts between the bottom end of pylon 2 and nacelle 3, or visitors between the bottom end of pylon 2 and panoramic platform 6.
With reference to
More specifically, second station 24 of lift 21 is located inside nacelle 3, which has a compartment 26 designed to house elevator car 22 at second station 24, regardless of the angular position of nacelle 3 about axis A1 and with respect to pylon 2.
Lift 21 comprises a guide 27 located inside and fixed to pylon 2, and extending along axis A1; and a carriage 28 fitted to guide 27 along axis A1. More specifically, guide 27 is contained within pylon 2, and car 22 is mounted on top of carriage 28 so that, at second station 24, elevator car 22 is located inside nacelle 3, and carriage 28 inside pylon 2.
As shown more clearly in
With reference to
Pylon 2 comprises an annular plate 32 located at the top end of pylon 2 and defining a walkway of compartment 26.
Wind power turbine 1 comprises a guide device 33 for guiding cable bundle 12 and located inside compartment 26; and a raceway 34 fixed to wall 7 of pylon 2 to protect and guide cable bundle 12 inside pylon 2.
With reference to
Shaft 36 comprises a member 40, next to universal joint 39, connecting cable bundle 12 integral with shaft 36, and which, as shown in
Shaft 35 comprises an identical member 40, next to universal joint 38, for connecting cable bundle 12 integral with shaft 35.
Shaft 36 also comprises a flange 42 integral with shaft 36 and fitted to pylon 2 with the interposition of a bearing 43. In one embodiment, member 40 of shaft 36 is also connected to pylon 2 with the interposition of a bearing 43 and of a structure 44 fixed to pylon 2.
As nacelle 3 rotates about axis A1 with respect to pylon 2, shafts 35, 36, 37 rotate about respective axes A1, A3, A4, so cable bundle 12 also rotates about axis A3 and twists inside raceway 34. The height of pylon 2, however, prevents the twisting from severely stressing the cables.
Guide device 33 is substantially defined by an elongated member, which comprises shafts 35, 36, 37, is articulated to extend along a designated guide path, and is fitted to cable bundle 12. One end of the elongated member is fixed to nacelle 3 to rotate together with nacelle 3 and cable bundle 12, and the other end of the elongated member is fitted in rotary manner to pylon 2.
As shown in
Rotation of cable bundle 12 about the elongated member, in fact, produces no torsional stress on individual cables, at least where the cable bundle is connected to the elongated member. Twisting of individual cables in cable bundle 12 occurs inside raceway 34, and is distributed over such a long length as not to impair the integrity of the cables.
With reference to
Actuator 46 comprises an electric motor 48, and is fitted to carriage 28, underneath elevator car 22. In the example shown in the drawings, and particularly in
Elevator car 22 extends along an axis A5, and rotates selectively about axis A5 with respect to carriage 28. More specifically, elevator car 22 is mounted to rotate about axis A5 on frame 49 of carriage 28.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, elevator car 22 is in the form of a cylinder extending about axis A5, which coincides with axis A1 of pylon 2.
With reference to
A cage 53 inside pylon 2 houses guide 27, and defines a compartment 54 in which elevator car 22 and carriage 28 run.
Cage 53 has gates 55 for access to elevator car 22 at first station 23 and intermediate station 25.
Cage 53 also isolates compartment 54 from the rest of the space inside pylon 2 housing cables and instruments (not shown) that could interfere with elevator car 22 and carriage 28 as these move along axis A1.
With reference to
The ladder can be used along compartment 54, as well as on the opposite side; for which purpose, a hatch 56 is formed in annular plate 32. Wind power turbine 1 also has a ladder 57 on the outside of pylon 2, for easy access to guide 27, and to enable use of guide 27 on the compartment 54 side, even when elevator car 22 is at first station 23.
Electric motor 48 can be powered by electric cables (not shown) or sliding contacts (not shown).
In one embodiment described, given the cylindrical shape of elevator car 22, the volume occupied inside nacelle 3 remains unchanged, regardless of the position of nacelle 3 with respect to pylon 2, and the opening in annular plate 32 is limited to the circular cross section of elevator car 22.
In one embodiment, housing guide device 33 in nacelle 3 has the advantage of creating ample room inside nacelle 3, and enabling access to nacelle 3 from below.
The present disclosure, however, also applies in the event guide device 33 is housed entirely inside pylon 2; in which case, guide device 33 again provides for increasing the space available inside wind power turbine 1.
In another embodiment, the guide device may comprise at least two articulated shafts connected to rotate about respective axes, or one articulated shaft designed to assume a number of configurations.
In another embodiment, the guide device provides for increasing the space inside the wind power turbine, and so enabling installation of a lift, freight lift, winch, and other equipment for operating and servicing the wind power turbine.
It should be understood that various changes and modifications to the presently preferred embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art, for example, to the shape of the inflatable annular structures or to the means of connecting them. Such changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present subject matter and without diminishing its intended advantages. It is therefore intended that such changes and modifications be covered by the appended claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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MI2009A000572 | Apr 2009 | IT | national |