The subject matter described herein relates generally to wind turbines and, more particularly, to a wind turbine, a rotor blade, and an obstruction removal system for a rotor blade.
Generally, a wind turbine includes a rotor that includes a rotatable hub assembly having multiple rotor blades. The rotor blades transform wind energy into a mechanical rotational torque that drives one or more generators via the rotor. The generators are sometimes, but not always, rotationally coupled to the rotor through a gearbox. The gearbox steps up the inherently low rotational speed of the rotor for the generator to efficiently convert the rotational mechanical energy to electrical energy, which is fed into a utility grid via at least one electrical connection. Gearless direct drive wind turbines also exist. The rotor, generator, gearbox and other components are typically mounted within a housing, or nacelle, that is positioned on top of a tower.
During operation of a wind turbine, humidity within ambient air may condense within one or more rotor blades. Such condensation may damage the rotor blades. For example, if lightning strikes a rotor blade, condensation within the rotor blade may vaporize and cause a sudden increase in pressure within the blade such that the blade may crack or fail. Accordingly, at least some known rotor blades include a drain opening within a tip portion of each rotor blade. Condensation and/or other fluids may be removed from the rotor blades through such drain openings by gravity and/or by a centrifugal force generated by a rotation of the rotor blades. However, during operation of the wind turbine, one or more drain openings may become obstructed due to an accumulation of particulates proximate to and/or within the drain openings. Such obstructions may reduce an effectiveness of the drain openings in removing condensation or other fluids from the rotor blades.
In one embodiment, a rotor blade for a wind turbine is provided that includes a tip portion including an end wall defining an opening. An obstruction removal system is positioned with respect to the rotor blade and the obstruction removal system is configured to remove obstructions from the opening.
In another embodiment, an obstruction removal system is provided for use in a wind turbine rotor blade having an opening defined in an end wall. The obstruction removal system includes a movable component and a pin coupled to the movable component. The movable component is configured to position the pin in the opening to remove obstructions from the opening.
In yet another embodiment, a wind turbine is provided that includes a rotor blade configured to rotate about an axis. The rotor blade includes a tip portion that includes an end wall having an opening defined therein. The wind turbine also includes an obstruction removal system positioned with respect to the rotor blade that is configured to remove obstructions from the opening.
The embodiments described herein provide obstruction removal systems for use with a wind turbine rotor blade. In one embodiment, the obstruction removal system includes a rotatable component coupled to a pin. When gravity and/or a centrifugal force generated by a rotation of the rotor blade acts on the rotatable component, the pin is displaced into and/or through an opening defined in an end wall of a rotor blade tip portion. In another embodiment, the obstruction removal system includes a cable that is coupled to an extension device. When an activation device is operated, the cable is retracted to operate the extension device. A pin within the extension device is displaced into and/or through the opening in the end wall. In another embodiment, the obstruction removal system includes a mass that pivots about a fulcrum when gravity and/or a centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor blade acts upon the mass. When the mass pivots, a pin is displaced into and/or through the opening in the end wall. In yet another embodiment, a motor extends and retracts a pin into and out of the opening in the end wall. As such, the embodiments described herein facilitate using an obstruction removal system to displace a pin into and/or through the opening to dislodge and/or remove particulates or other obstructions from the opening. Moreover, the obstruction removal systems described herein do not require electricity to operate, thus simplifying a construction, an operation, and/or a configuration of the wind turbine, the rotor blades, and/or the obstruction removal systems.
Rotor blades 112 are spaced about hub 110 to facilitate rotating rotor 108, thereby transferring kinetic energy from wind 114 into usable mechanical energy, and subsequently, electrical energy. Rotor 108 and nacelle 106 are rotated about tower 102 on a yaw axis 116 to control a perspective of rotor blades 112 with respect to a direction of wind 114. Rotor blades 112 are mated to hub 110 by coupling a rotor blade root portion 118 to hub 110 at a plurality of load transfer regions 120. Load transfer regions 120 each have a hub load transfer region and a rotor blade load transfer region (both not shown in
In the exemplary embodiment, rotor blades 112 have a length of between approximately 30 meters (m) (99 feet (ft)) and approximately 120 m (394 ft). Alternatively, rotor blades 112 may have any suitable length that enables wind turbine 100 to function as described herein. For example, rotor blades 112 may have a suitable length less than 30 m or greater than 120 m. As wind 114 contacts rotor blade 112, lift forces are induced to rotor blade 112 and rotation of rotor 108 about an axis of rotation 124 is induced as rotor blade tip portion 122 is accelerated.
A pitch angle (not shown) of rotor blades 112, i.e., an angle that determines the perspective of rotor blade 112 with respect to the direction of wind 114, may be changed by a pitch assembly (not shown in
As shown in
Nacelle 106 also includes a yaw drive mechanism 146 that rotates nacelle 106 and rotor 108 about yaw axis 116 (shown in
Pitch assembly 130 is operatively coupled to turbine control system 150. In the exemplary embodiment, nacelle 106 also includes forward support bearing 152 and aft support bearing 154. Forward support bearing 152 and aft support bearing 154 facilitate radial support and alignment of rotor shaft 134. Forward support bearing 152 is coupled to rotor shaft 134 near hub 110. Aft support bearing 154 is positioned on rotor shaft 134 near gearbox 136 and/or generator 132. Nacelle 106 may include any number of support bearings that enable wind turbine 100 to function as disclosed herein. Rotor shaft 134, generator 132, gearbox 136, high speed shaft 138, coupling 140, and any associated fastening, support, and/or securing device including, but not limited to, support 142, support 144, forward support bearing 152, and aft support bearing 154, are sometimes referred to as a drive train 156.
In the exemplary embodiment, obstruction removal system 200 includes a rotatable component 202 and a pin 204 that is operatively coupled to, such as positioned in contact with rotatable component 202. In the exemplary embodiment, rotatable component 202 is a cam 205 that has a width 206 that is smaller than a height 208. Alternatively, rotatable component 202 may be any suitable component that enables obstruction removal system 200 to operate as described herein. In the exemplary embodiment, rotatable component 202 is coupled to rotor blade tip portion 122 by a first support 210 and a second support 212. Rotatable component 202 includes a first surface 214, an opposing second surface 216, and a pivot axis 218 that extends between first surface 214 and second surface 216. First support 210 is coupled to first surface 214 at pivot axis 218, and second support 212 is coupled to second surface 216 at pivot axis 218. Moreover, in the exemplary embodiment, pivot axis 218 is substantially perpendicular to pitch axis 128 (shown in
In the exemplary embodiment, pin 204 includes a head portion 222 that is coupled to pivot axis 218 by a spring 224 that biases head portion 222 against a perimeter 226 of rotatable component 202. Alternatively, pin 204 and/or head portion 222 are biased against and/or coupled to rotatable component 202 by any other suitable component or device. In the exemplary embodiment, pin 204 is positioned at least partially within an opening 228 defined in a guide wall 230. Moreover, guide wall 230 limits a radial movement of pin 204 such that pin 204 is directed towards and/or through an opening 232 defined in a rotor blade end wall 234 during operation of wind turbine 100. Opening 232, in the exemplary embodiment, is in flow communication with an external environment outside rotor blade 112 and with a cavity 235 defined within rotor blade 112 to facilitate draining and/or removing fluid and/or particulates from within cavity 235. As used herein, the term “radial” refers to a direction substantially parallel to chord line 220 and substantially perpendicular to pitch axis 128.
Moreover, in the exemplary embodiment, a first radial stop 236 and/or a second radial stop 238 are coupled to rotor blade tip portion 112 to limit a rotation of rotatable component 202. More specifically, first radial stop 236 and/or second radial stop 238 may be manufactured from any suitable material that prevents rotatable component 202 from contacting a leading edge 240 and/or a trailing edge 242 of rotor blade 112.
During operation of wind turbine 100, obstruction removal system 200 may alternate between a retracted position (shown in
Moreover, as rotor blade 112 rotates about axis of rotation 124, a force and/or a direction of gravity and/or of the centrifugal force may vary. Accordingly, rotatable component 202 may rotate back to the retracted position shown in
In the exemplary embodiment, obstruction removal system 300 includes an activation device 302 that is positioned within rotor blade root portion 118 and/or within hub 110 (shown in
Cable 304 is coupled to rotor blade 112 by a plurality of coupling mechanisms 306. Coupling mechanisms 306 may include one or more rings, hoops, hooks, ties, brackets, and/or any other suitable mechanism that enables cable 304 to be coupled within rotor blade 112. In the exemplary embodiment, coupling mechanisms 306 couple cable 304 within rotor blade 112 proximate to leading edge 240. Alternatively, cable 304 may be coupled within rotor blade 112 by coupling mechanisms 306 at any suitable location.
Moreover, in the exemplary embodiment, cable 304 is coupled to an extension device 308 that is positioned within rotor blade tip portion 122. Referring further to
During operation of wind turbine 100, obstruction removal system 300 is selectively movable between a retracted position (shown in
To retract extension device 308 and/or pin 316, activation device 302 is operated such that activation device 302 relaxes cable 304. Spring 322 pulls first end 312 towards rotor blade end wall 234 causing support bar 310 to pivot about fulcrum 320 and retract pin 316 from opening 232.
In the exemplary embodiment, obstruction removal system 400 includes a mass 402 that is coupled to a first or rear end 404 of a support bar 406. A second or front end 408 of support bar 406 is coupled to a pin 410. Moreover, support bar 406 is rotatably coupled at a middle portion 412 to a pivot bar 414 such that support bar 406 may pivot about pivot bar 414 during operation of wind turbine 100. A first guide post 416 is coupled to rotor blade 112 to limit a rotation of support bar 406 about pivot bar 414 in a first direction, such as a counter-clockwise direction 418. A second guide post 420 is coupled to rotor blade 112 to limit a rotation of support bar 406 about pivot bar 414 in a second direction that is opposite of first direction 418, such as in a clockwise direction 422.
During operation of wind turbine 100, obstruction removal system 400 may alternate between a retracted position (shown in
As rotor blade 112 continues to rotate about axis of rotation 124, a force and/or a direction of gravity and/or of the centrifugal force may vary. Accordingly, mass 402 may rotate back in first direction 418 such that support bar 406 is brought into contact with first guide post 416 and into the retracted position shown in
In the exemplary embodiment, obstruction removal system 500 includes a motor 502 that is coupled to a support structure 504 within rotor blade tip portion 122. Motor 502 is coupled to a control system, such as turbine control system 150 (shown in
In the exemplary embodiment, a pin 510 is coupled to and/or is at least partially positioned within motor 502. Moreover, in the exemplary embodiment, pin 510 is substantially cylindrical and is extendable into and/or through opening 232. Alternatively, pin 510 may be any suitable shape and may be coupled to a lever, a fulcrum, and/or any other suitable structure that enables obstruction removal system 500 to operate as described herein.
During operation of wind turbine 100, obstruction removal system 500 may alternate between a retracted position (shown in
The above-described embodiments provide obstruction removal systems for use with a wind turbine rotor blade. More specifically, the obstruction removal systems are used to remove particulates and/or other suitable obstructions that may accumulate proximate to and/or within an opening defined in an end wall of the rotor blade. The obstruction removal systems described herein use gravity and/or a centrifugal force generated by a rotation of the rotor blade to displace a pin into and/or through the opening to dislodge and/or remove any particulates or other obstructions from the opening. Moreover, the obstruction removal systems are configured to automatically operate using gravity and/or the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor blade. As such, the obstruction removal systems described herein do not require electricity to operate, thus simplifying a construction, an operation, and/or a configuration of the wind turbine, the rotor blades, and/or the obstruction removal systems.
Exemplary embodiments of a wind turbine, a rotor blade, and an obstruction removal system for a rotor blade are described above in detail. The wind turbine, rotor blade, and obstruction removal system are not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but rather, components of the wind turbine, rotor blade, and/or obstruction removal system may be utilized independently and separately from other components and/or steps described herein. For example, the obstruction removal system may also be used in combination with other wind turbines or wind turbine components, and is not limited to practice with only the wind turbine and rotor blade as described herein. Rather, the exemplary embodiment can be implemented and utilized in connection with many other wind turbine applications.
Although specific features of various embodiments of the invention may be shown in some drawings and not in others, this is for convenience only. In accordance with the principles of the invention, any feature of a drawing may be referenced and/or claimed in combination with any feature of any other drawing.
This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/CN2010/001776 | 11/5/2010 | WO | 00 | 5/2/2013 |