Patent Application
20210139273
The present invention relates in general to elevators. In particular, however not exclusively, the present invention concerns transferring power wirelessly in an elevator.
There are different types of known elevators. Conventional elevators use a hoisting rope for moving an elevator car within the elevator shaft. On the other hand, in some known elevators, a linear motor is utilized to move the elevator car. Especially in elevators including an electric linear motor for moving the elevator car, wireless electrical energy transfer is strongly preferred in order to get needed energy without complex mechanics and contact points which are prone to wear. In the known solutions, however, the alignment of the elements of the wireless power transfer in order to transfer power wirelessly is a challenge.
An objective of the present invention is to provide a wireless power transfer arrangement, an elevator, and a method for transferring power wirelessly in an elevator. Another objective of the present invention is that the arrangement, the elevator, and the method at least alleviate challenges related to the alignment of the primary and secondary sides of the wireless power transfer arrangement.
The objectives of the invention are reached by a wireless power transfer arrangement, an elevator, and a method for transferring power wirelessly in an elevator as defined by the respective independent claims.
According to a first aspect, a wireless power transfer arrangement for an elevator is provided. The arrangement comprises at least one first unit comprising a first winding, such as including at least one coil, a first alignment unit and a first base, wherein the first winding and the first alignment unit are arranged to the first base in fixed manner with respect to each other such that there is a first distance between the first winding and the first alignment unit. The arrangement also comprises at least one second unit comprising a second winding, such as including at least one coil, a second alignment unit, and a second base, wherein the second winding and the second alignment unit are arranged to the second base in fixed manner with respect to each other such that there is a second distance between the second winding and the second alignment unit.
Furthermore, one of the at least one first unit and the at least one second unit is adapted for arranging to an elevator shaft of the elevator, and another one of the at least one first unit and the at least one second unit is adapted for arranging to a movable unit, such as to an elevator car, of the elevator. Still further, the first alignment unit and the second alignment unit are configured to be utilized for indicating when the first winding and the second winding are aligned with respect to each other for transferring power wirelessly therebetween. Optionally, the second distance may be substantially equal to the first distance.
In various embodiments, the alignment units may be arranged to align with respect to each other when the first and the second windings are being aligned with respect to each other.
In some embodiments, at least one of the first base and the second base may be a planar element.
In various embodiments, the first alignment unit may comprise a first alignment winding, such as including at least one coil, and the second alignment unit may comprise a second alignment winding, such as including at least one coil.
Alternatively or in addition, the first alignment unit may comprise an infrared receiver, and the second alignment unit may comprise an infrared transmitting unit.
In various embodiments, the alignment units may be configured to determine a characteristic of an air gap therebetween. In addition, the characteristic may be a width of the air gap. Still further, at least one of the first alignment unit and the second alignment unit may comprise an air gap sensor, such as for determining a width of the air gap.
According to a second aspect, an elevator is provided. The elevator comprises the wireless power transfer arrangement according to the first aspect or any embodiment thereof. The elevator further comprises the elevator shaft, the movable unit, such as at least one elevator car, and an electric linear motor comprising at least one linear stator extending in the elevator shaft and at least one mover coupled to the movable unit and adapted to be moved along the linear stator. The at least one second unit of the wireless power transfer arrangement is coupled to the movable unit, and the at least one first unit of the wireless power transfer arrangement is coupled the elevator shaft for transferring power wirelessly between the movable unit and the elevator shaft.
According to a third aspect, a method for transferring power wirelessly in an elevator is provided. The method comprises:
In various embodiments, the excitation signal may be transferred via an inductive coupling between the first and the second alignment units.
Alternatively or in addition, the excitation signal may be transferred via an electromagnetic coupling, such as by utilizing infrared radiation, between the first and the second alignment units.
In various embodiments, the method may comprise aligning the alignment units with respect to each other when the first and the second windings are being aligned with respect to each other.
In some embodiments, the method may comprise determining a characteristic of an air gap between the first alignment unit and the second alignment unit.
The present invention provides a wireless power transfer arrangement, an elevator, and a method for transferring power wirelessly in an elevator. The present invention provides advantages over known solutions in that there is no need to do complex signaling routines to detect and control the primary and secondary side of the arrangement for the wireless power transfer because of the feedback via the alignment units, which can be made automatic and can control the start, stop and regulating operations of wireless power transfer routine. It thus solves the automatic position detection challenge for primary and secondary side alignment. Alignment units can also detect if the airgap changes. If airgap is too big, the wireless power transfer can automatically be stopped. The present invention simplifies wireless power transfer logic and control interfaces because the arrangement can automatically decide to either transfer power or not to transfer based the operation of the alignment units.
Various other advantages will become clear to a skilled person based on the following detailed description.
The expression “a plurality of” may refer to any positive integer starting from two (2), that is, being at least two.
The terms “first”, “second” and “third” are herein used to distinguish one element from other element, and not to specially prioritize or order them, if not otherwise explicitly stated.
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention presented herein are not to be interpreted to pose limitations to the applicability of the appended claims. The verb “to comprise” is used herein as an open limitation that does not exclude the existence of also unrecited features. The features recited in depending claims are mutually freely combinable unless otherwise explicitly stated.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic of the present invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The present invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objectives and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Some embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings.
The movable unit according to the present invention may refer, for example, to an elevator car which is arranged to be moved by a mover 6 or movers 6 of an electric linear motor of the elevator 1000 in the elevator shaft 1. However, alternatively, the movable unit(s) 2 may refer to a motor unit. The motor unit may be, in some embodiments, the mover 6 of the electric linear motor which may be moved as such in the elevator shaft 1. The motor unit may, preferably, also comprise electrical power providing means for providing electrical power to the mover 6, such as from an energy storage 9, for example, a battery or batteries. Furthermore, the motor unit may comprise a controller for controlling the movement. The elevator car, or specifically the “cage” into which the passengers enter, may then be removably coupled to the motor unit for moving the elevator car. However, in various embodiments, the motor unit may be arranged to be moved in the elevator shaft 1 and along the stator beam 4 independently of the elevator car.
There are preferably at least two landing floors, having landing floor doors 3 or openings 3, comprised in the elevator 1000. There may also be doors comprised in the movable units 2, such as the elevator cars. Although shown in
Regarding the elevator shaft 1, it may be such that it defines a substantially closed volume in which the movable unit 2, such as an elevator car, is adapted and configured to be moved. The walls may be, for example, of concrete, metal or at least partly of glass, or any combination thereof. The elevator shaft 1 herein refers basically to any structure or pathway along which the movable unit 2, such as an elevator car, is configured to be moved.
As can be seen in
The elevator 1000 may comprise an elevator control unit 1100 for controlling the operation of the elevator 1000. The elevator control unit 1100 may be a separate device or may be comprised in the other components of the elevator 1000 such as in or as a part of the electrical drive 7. The elevator control unit 1100 may also be implemented in a distributed manner so that, e.g., one portion of the elevator control unit 1100 may be comprised in the electrical drive 7 and another portion in the movable unit 2, such as in an elevator car. The elevator control unit 1100 may also be arranged in distributed manner at more than two locations or in more than two devices whereas the elevator 1000 may comprise electrical and/or data connections between the control unit 1100 and various other elements of the elevator 1000, and/or connections between different portions of the elevator control unit 1100 for enabling controlling the operation of the elevator 1000.
The elevator control unit 1100 may comprise one or more processors, one or more memories being volatile or non-volatile for storing portions of computer program code and any data values and possibly one or more user interface units. The mentioned elements may be communicatively coupled to each other with e.g. an internal bus.
The processor of the elevator control unit 1100 may be configured to implement at least various tasks of the elevator 1000, such as one or several of the method steps described hereinafter. The implementation of the tasks may be achieved by arranging the processor to execute at least some portion of computer program code stored in the memory causing the processor, and thus the elevator control unit 1100, to implement the tasks. The processor may thus be arranged to access the memory and retrieve and store any information therefrom and thereto. For sake of clarity, the processor herein refers to any unit suitable for processing information and control the operation of the elevator control unit 1100, among other tasks. The operations may also be implemented with a microcontroller solution with embedded software. Similarly, the memory is not limited to a certain type of memory only, but any memory type suitable for storing the described pieces of information may be applied in the context of the present invention.
Furthermore, there may be first magnetic core elements arranged such that the first winding 11 and the second winding 21 are arranged around the first magnetic core elements, respectively, so that when the windings 11, 21 are arranged to align, the magnetic core elements also align, thus, forming a magnetic circuit, that is a transformer-like circuit having an air gap between the magnetic core elements.
The first alignment unit 13 and the second alignment unit 23 may, preferably, be configured to transmit a signal, that is based on an excitation signal, therebetween for indicating that the alignment units 13, 23 are either aligned with respect to each other or being arranged into predefined positions with respect to each other such that the first winding 11 and the second winding 21 are substantially aligned with respect to each other. The latter alternative related to the predefined positions may entail that the alignment units 13, 23 are not physically aligned with respect to each other even though the windings 11, 21 would be aligned. The signal may be an electrical signal, such as via a capacitive, inductive, or it may be an electromagnetic signal, such as by light, which may be infrared radiation.
The excitation signal may, preferably, produce a response signal at the first unit 10, that is, at the output of the first alignment unit 13.
Still further, there may be a first electrical converter 12, such as comprising an inverter or a frequency converter, for converting electrical voltage and/or current for injecting to the first winding 11. The other terminals of the first electrical converter 12 may be connected to electrical power source terminals or to another electrical converter device arranged to the elevator shaft 1.
It is further shown in
In some embodiments, the other terminals may be in connection with the mover 6 of the movable unit 2, such as through/to an inverter 7 and/or an energy storage 9, for instance.
Thus, in various embodiments, either the first unit 10 or the second unit 20 may be arranged to the movable unit 2 or the elevator shaft 1, and the other of said units 10, 20 to the elevator shaft 1 or the movable unit 2, respectively.
In various embodiments, the second distance 29 may be substantially equal to the first distance 19.
In various embodiments, the alignment units 13, 23 may be arranged to align with respect to each other when the first and the second windings 11, 21 are being aligned with respect to each other.
In various embodiments, at least one of the first base and the second base may be a planar element, optionally, defining recesses for arranging the windings 11, 21 and/or the alignment units 13, 23 thereto.
In some embodiments, the alignment units 13, 23 may be configured to determine a characteristic of an air gap 30 therebetween. Furthermore, the characteristic may be a width of the air gap 30.
Alternatively or in addition, at least one of the first alignment unit 13 and the second alignment unit 23 comprises an air gap sensor, such as for determining a width of the air gap 30.
In some embodiments, there may also be current sensors 25 arranged to the other terminal for measuring the current and, optionally, power supplied through the power windings 11, 21. In
In some embodiments, if the output voltage of the second electrical converter 22 determined by the voltage sensor 26 or the output current of the second electrical converter 22 determined by the current sensor 25 are not of the predefined level, the current and/or the voltage controller 24 may be configured to send a command to the first electrical converter 12, such as via the alignment units 13, 23, and, optionally, the first detection device 14 and/or the first controller 15, to either increase or the decrease, depending on the case, the output voltage/current of the first electrical converter 12 and, thus, the output voltage/current of the second electrical converter 22. If the airgap 30 is too large, the control loop described above won't work properly. The arrangement 100 may be configured to stop the power supply in such a case.
In an embodiment, the determined output voltage or current are configured to be compared to a reference voltage or current, respectively. If the determined voltage is higher than the reference value, the voltage or the current starts to decrease. The decreasing value may be determined. The measured signal may be modulated or processed by utilizing switches in the controller 24 so that it may be supplied from the second alignment unit 23 to the first alignment unit 13.
Thus, the higher, such as respect to the amplitude thereof, transmitted to the first alignment unit 13, the higher the power that can be supplied from the first winding 11 to the second winding 21.
In various embodiments, the voltage level on the first 10 and/or the second unit 20 may be less than 120 V, or even less than 60 V, such as 36 V.
Related to the operation of the arrangement 100, the controller 24 may be configured to supply continuously, or intermittently or periodically, a pulse signal, that is an excitation signal, to the second alignment unit 23 so that the second alignment unit 23 transmits the pulse signal, or another signal generated based on said pulse signal, to the first alignment unit 13. The pulse signal can be a sine wave, a triangle wave, a rectangular pulse or whatever wave shape. Also, frequency modulated signal may be used. The signal supplied to the first alignment unit 13 may be configured to be detected by the first detection device 14. The arrangement 100 may be configured such that, if the first detection device 14 detects that the signal is of the predefined order, the first electrical converter 12, such as by the first controller 15, starts to supply power to the first winding 11 and, thus, to the second winding 21. If the signal is determined not be of the predefined order, the operation of the first electrical converter 12 may be configured to be stopped. This simplifies the wireless power transfer logic and control interfaces because the arrangement 100 can automatically decide to supply power or to stop the supplying.
In various embodiments, the power level supplied wirelessly between the first and the second windings 11, 21 may be configured to depend on the distance and/or on the accuracy of the alignment of the alignment units 13, 23 with respect to each other. The closer the alignment units 13, 23 are to each other (detectable, for example, by the first detection device 14), the more power may be supplied between the windings 11, 21. If the alignment is poor and/or the distance is high, the power level supplied may be configured to be lower than the rated power.
Furthermore, there may be second magnetic core elements arranged such that the first alignment winding 13A and the second alignment winding 23A are arranged around the second magnetic core elements, respectively, so that when the alignment windings 13A, 23A are arranged to align, the second magnetic core elements also align, thus, forming a magnetic circuit, that is a transformer-like circuit having an air gap between the second magnetic core elements.
The signal between the alignment units 13, 23 in
Related to the operation of the arrangement 100 of
In
In an embodiment, the first distance 19 and/or the second distance 29 may be at least 10 centimeters, at least 15 centimeters, or at least 20 centimeters so that the first winding 11 or the second winding 21 does not interfere the operation of the first alignment winding 13A or the second alignment winding 23A, respectively. In an embodiment, the distances 19, 29 may be at most 50 centimeters, respectively.
The signal, that is an excitation signal, between the alignment units 13, 23 in
Related to the operation of the arrangement 100 of
There are advantages by using an embodiment in accordance with
In various embodiments, by having the power windings 11, 21 and the alignment units 13, 23 arranged on the same base or body, such as on a mechanical plate, respectively, solves the position detection challenge with respect to the alignment of the primary and secondary side of the wireless power transfer arrangement. The units 10, 20 of the arrangement may have mirrored orientation, so when the movable unit 2 comprising the first 10 or the second unit 20 reaches a wireless power transfer position, the power windings 11, 21 are facing each other and the alignment units 13, 23 are either facing each other or at the predefined position indicating the alignment of the power windings 11, 21. The alignment units 13, 23 may also be arranged to detect if the airgap 30 therebetween changes. If airgap 30 is too big, the charging, that is the wireless power transfer, may be arranged to stop automatically.
Furthermore, the first and/or the second bases 18, 19 may be covered in electrically insulating material or at least the windings may be electrically insulating so that it is safer to touch the unit 10, 20.
Step 600 refers to a start-up phase of the method. Suitable equipment and components are obtained, and systems assembled and configured for operation.
Step 610 refers to generating an excitation signal by a second alignment unit 23 of a second unit 20. The excitation signal may be, in fact, formed by the current/voltage controller 24; 24A, for instance, and then supplied to the second alignment unit 23 for actual generation therein.
Step 620 refers to determining a characteristic, such as an amplitude, of a response signal by a first alignment unit 13 of a first unit 10, wherein the response signal is generated in the first unit 10 in response to the excitation signal which is transferred wirelessly between the second unit 20 and the first unit 10, more specifically between the second alignment unit 23 and the first alignment unit 13.
Step 630 refers to determining if the characteristic of the response signal is in a pre-defined range or order indicating that a first winding 11 of the first unit 10 and a second winding 21 of the second unit 20 are aligned, wherein the first winding 11 and the second winding 21 are arranged in fixed manner with respect to the first alignment unit 13 and the second alignment unit 23, respectively, and, if the characteristic is in the pre-defined range, such as higher than a threshold value.
Step 640 refers to transferring power wirelessly between the first winding 11 and the second winding 21.
As described hereinbefore, the excitation signal may be transferred via an inductive coupling between the first and the second alignment units 13, 23.
Alternatively, the excitation signal may be transferred via an electromagnetic coupling, such as by utilizing infrared radiation, between the first and the second alignment units 13, 23.
In some embodiments, the method may comprise aligning the alignment units 13, 23 with respect to each other when the first and the second windings 11, 21 are being aligned with respect to each other.
In various embodiments, the method may comprise determining a characteristic of an air gap 30, such as the width, between the first alignment unit 13 and the second alignment unit 23.
Method execution is ended at step 699. The method may be performed once, intermittently, periodically, continuously or, on demand.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19207861.6 | Nov 2019 | EP | regional |
