Patent Application
20240313870
This application pertains to the field of communications technologies, and specifically, relates to a wireless sensing method and apparatus, and a network-side device.
In related technologies, sensing and communication systems are usually designed separately and occupy different frequency bands. Due to wide deployment of millimeter wave and massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technologies, communication signals in future wireless communication systems often have high resolution in time domain and angle domain, which makes it possible to implement high-precision sensing by using communication signals. Therefore, the best way is to jointly design the sensing and communication systems to share same frequency bands and hardware, thereby improving frequency efficiency and reducing hardware costs. This has prompted research on integrated sensing and communication (ISAC).
However, in the ISAC scenario, sensing devices with a conventional radio architecture include power-consuming radio frequency links that contain oscillators, mixers, digital-analog converters, and the like. Therefore, the sensing devices are relatively large and batteries have a relatively short service life, which limits the layout of the sensing devices in the ISAC, and further limits sensing performance of the ISAC system.
Embodiments of this application provide a wireless sensing method and apparatus, and a network-side device.
According to a first aspect, a wireless sensing method is provided, where the method includes:
According to a second aspect, a wireless sensing apparatus is provided, applied to a first device. The apparatus includes:
According to a third aspect, a wireless sensing method is provided, where the method includes:
According to a fourth aspect, a wireless sensing apparatus is provided, applied to a wireless sensing signal receive end, where the wireless sensing signal receive end includes a second network-side device, and the apparatus includes:
According to a fifth aspect, a wireless sensing method is provided, where the method includes:
According to a sixth aspect, a wireless sensing apparatus is provided, applied to a second device. The apparatus includes:
According to a seventh aspect, a wireless sensing system is provided, including: a first device, a wireless sensing signal transmit end, and a wireless sensing signal receive end; where
According to an eighth aspect, a network-side device is provided, where the network-side device includes a processor and a memory, and a program or instructions capable of running on the processor are stored in the memory. When the program or the instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method according to the third aspect or the fifth aspect are implemented.
According to a ninth aspect, a network-side device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface. In a case that the network-side device is a wireless sensing signal receive end, the communication interface is configured to obtain second information, where the second information includes sensing requirement information and/or target sensing signal related configuration information corresponding to the sensing requirement information; the communication interface is further configured to perform, according to the target sensing signal related configuration information, measurement on a target sensing signal sent by a wireless sensing signal transmit end and at least partially backscattered by a first device, so as to obtain a target measurement quantity, where the wireless sensing signal transmit end includes a first terminal or a first network-side device; and the processor is configured to determine a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity, or the communication interface configured to send the target measurement quantity;
According to a tenth aspect, a wireless sensing system is provided, including a terminal and a network-side device, where the network-side device may be configured to execute the steps of the wireless sensing method according to the third aspect and the fifth aspect.
According to an eleventh aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, where a program or instructions are stored in the readable storage medium; and when the program or the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method according to the third aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method according to the fifth aspect are implemented.
According to a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided, where the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or instructions to implement the method according to the first aspect, or implement the method according to the third aspect, or implement the method according to the fifth aspect.
According to a thirteenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, where the computer program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the wireless sensing method according to the first aspect, the third aspect, or the fifth aspect.
According to a fourteenth aspect, a communications device is provided, and the communications device is configured to execute the method according to the first aspect, the third aspect, or the fifth aspect.
The following clearly describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some rather than all of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of this application shall fall within the protection scope of this application.
In the specification and claims of this application, the terms such as “first” and “second” are intended to distinguish between similar objects but do not necessarily indicate a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way is interchangeable in appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in other orders than the order illustrated or described herein, and “first” and “second” are usually for distinguishing same-type objects but not limiting the number of objects, for example, there may be one or more first objects. In addition, “and/or” in this specification and claims indicates at least one of connected objects, and the symbol “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are in an “or” relationship.
It should be noted that techniques described in the embodiments of this application are not limited to a long term evolution (LTE) or LTE-advanced (LTE-A) system, and may also be applied to various wireless communication systems, for example, code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms “system” and “network” in the embodiments of this application are usually used interchangeably. Techniques described herein may be used in the aforementioned systems and radio technologies, and may also be used in other systems and radio technologies. In the following descriptions, a new radio (NR) system is described for an illustration purpose, and NR terms are used in most of the following descriptions, although these technologies may also be applied to other applications than an NR system application, for example, the 6th generation (6G) communications system.
In a first aspect, in recent decades, wireless communication and sensing (C&S) has been developing in parallel, but intersection is limited. They have a lot in common in signal processing algorithms and devices, and system architecture to some extent. In recent years, more and more researchers have paid attention to coexistence, cooperation, and joint design of these two systems.
In the early days, people conducted extensive research on coexistence of the communication system and the radar system, focusing on the development of effective interference management technologies to make the two separately deployed systems operate smoothly without mutual interference. Although the radar and communication systems may be in a same location or even be physically integrated, they transmit two different types of signals in time/frequency domain. They share the same resources through cooperation to minimize mutual interference during working at the same time. The corresponding measures include beamforming, cooperative spectrum sharing, primary and secondary spectrum sharing, dynamic coexistence, and so on. However, effective interference cancellation usually imposes strict requirements on mobility of nodes and information exchange between nodes, actually limiting increase of spectrum efficiency. Because interference in the coexistence system is caused by transmitting two independent signals, it is natural to ask whether one transmit signal can be used for communication and radar sensing. The radar system usually uses specially designed waveforms, such as short pulses and chirp, which can achieve high power radiation and simplify processing of receivers. However, these waveforms are not necessary for radar detection. Passive radar or passive sensing takes different radio signals as sensing signals, which is a good example.
Machine learning, especially the deep learning technology, further promotes the potential of using non-dedicated radio signals for radar sensing. With such technologies, conventional radar is developing towards more general wireless sensing. Wireless sensing here may broadly refer to retrieving information from received radio signals, rather than modulating communication data onto the signals on the transmitter. For wireless sensing related to a location of a sensing target, dynamic parameters such as reflection delay, angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), and Doppler of target signals can be estimated by using a common signal processing method. Physical characteristics of the sensing target can be implemented by measuring natural mode signals of devices, objects, and living things. The two sensing manners can be referred to as sensing parameter estimation and pattern recognition. In this sense, wireless sensing refers to more general sensing technologies and applications using radio signals.
Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has the potential to integrate wireless sensing into large-scale mobile networks, which is referred to as perceptive mobile networks (PMNs) here. The PMN may evolve from the current 5G mobile network, and is expected to become a ubiquitous wireless sensing network while providing stable and high-quality mobile communication services. It can be built on the existing mobile network infrastructure without major changes to the network structure and devices. It will release the maximum capacity of the mobile network and avoid spending high infrastructure costs to build a new wide-area wireless sensing network separately. With expansion of coverage, integrated communication and sensing capabilities are expected to implement many new applications. Sensing mobile networks can provide communication and wireless sensing services, and may become a ubiquitous wireless sensing solution because of its large broadband coverage and strong infrastructure. The joint and coordinated communication and sensing capabilities will improve the productivity of our society and help to spawn a large number of new applications that cannot be effectively realized by using existing sensor networks. Some early work of passive sensing using mobile signals has proved its potential, for example, traffic monitoring, weather forecast, and rainfall remote sensing based on radio signals of the global system for mobile communications (GSM). Perceptive mobile networks can be widely used in communication and sensing in the fields of transportation, communication, energy, precision agriculture, and security; however, the existing solutions are either infeasible or inefficient. It can also provide complementary sensing capabilities for existing sensor networks, and has a unique day-and-night operation function, which can penetrate fog, leaves, and even solid objects. Some common sensing services are shown in table 1 below.
However, in an ISAC system in related technologies, a large number of wireless sensing signal transmit ends and wireless sensing signal receive ends need to be arranged, so that the wireless sensing signal receive ends can determine sensing measurement quantities and sensing results based on received sensing signals sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit ends, and the wireless sensing signal transmit ends and the wireless sensing signal receive ends include power-consuming radio frequency links, including oscillators, mixers, digital-analog converters, and the like. This leads to a relatively large size of the sensing device and a relatively short service life of the battery, which limits the layout of the sensing devices in ISAC, and further leads to relatively low sensing performance of the ISAC system.
In the wireless sensing method proposed in the embodiments of this application, at least part of signals sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit end can be backscattered by a first device with less energy consumption and small size, so as to provide a new sensing path and even new sensing assistance information, thereby improving the sensing performance of the ISAC system.
In a second aspect, in related technologies, the low-power and low-complexity backscatter communications (BSC) technology is a technology that simply relies on passive reflection and modulation of incident radio frequency (RF) waves. In recent years, driven by the progress of consumer electronics, the 5G communications technologies, and the big data analysis technologies supported by cloud computing, rapid growth of the Internet of things has attracted great attention from the industry and academia. One of the main open challenges for the Internet of things is that a large number of Internet of things devices are powered by batteries with limited capacity, resulting in a limited network life cycle. The BSC technology has become a promising technology to meet such challenge.
Specifically, the conventional radio architecture has a power-consuming radio frequency link, including an oscillator, a mixer and a digital-analog converter, which results in a relatively large device size, thereby greatly limiting a battery life for Internet of things devices. In contrast, for one backscattering node, there is no active radio frequency component, so the hardware has extremely low power consumption (for example, 10 μW). This facilitates large-scale deployment in various flexible scenarios and even implantation into the body.
In the past 20 years, the point-to-point BSC technology has been widely used in radio frequency identification (RFID) applications. Passive RFID tags can report IDs to readers for near-field (usually several centimeters to one meter) query. At the early stage, the Internet of things is formed by RFID devices for logistics and inventory management. However, in the future, 6G Internet of things is expected to connect tens of billions of devices, so as to implement more complex tasks with more functions and bring a global impact. This requires that the communication capability and range (tens of meters) between Internet of things nodes far exceed the original RFID, that is, only supporting burst and low-rate transmission within several meters (only pre-written ID sequences of several bytes are transmitted). A communication distance of conventional RFID is in the order of m and a communication distance of next-generation BSC is generally expected to reach the order of km. The conventional RFID uses binary modulation, with a communication rate being generally not greater than 640 Kbps, and the next-generation BSC can use high-order modulation, with a communication rate reaching up to at least 10 Mbps or even 2 Gbps. Based on the existing BSC theory, advanced communication technologies such as small cellular network, full duplex, multi-antenna communication, large-scale access, and wireless power transmission, as well as micro-radios (such as button-sized radios) and low-power electronic device manufacturing have made the foregoing goals come true. To sum up, continuous development of the Internet of things provides many promising application scenarios for the BSC technology, making BSC a hot research direction in recent years.
Integration of communication and sensing is able to foster a series of new 6G applications. In addition to several typical sensing use cases listed in table 1, integration of communication and sensing based on low-power communications devices also becomes an important application scenario of 6G. In the embodiments of this application, compared with device-free wireless sensing in the related technologies, wireless sensing based on the radio frequency identification (RFID) and backscatter communications technologies can implement basic sensing functions and also obtain additional sensing target information, which is expected to further enhance the performance of sensing/integrated communication and sensing. Because RFID and backscatter have the advantages of low costs, low power consumption, and large-scale deployment, RFID/backscatter-based sensing and integrated communication and sensing is expected to be widely used in 6G. For example, roadside units (RSU) with the sensing function in the Internet of vehicles can communicate with vehicles driving on the road by spontaneously sending and receiving integrated communication and sensing signals, and also implements vehicle positioning, speed measurement, and trajectory tracking. When an RFID or backscatter tag is installed on the vehicle, the tag can provide additional assistance information such as a vehicle ID and a current status of the vehicle. By receiving a reflected signal from the tag, the RSU can accurately identify and distinguish different vehicles on the road while implementing high-precision vehicle positioning, speed measurement, and trajectory tracking, thereby expanding the sensing capability. However, key technologies in RFID-based wireless sensing, such as waveform design for tag-based integrated communication and sensing, frame structure design, sensing scheme, and algorithm design, are all problems that need to be studied and resolved.
The embodiments of this application provide a wireless sensing scheme based on a backscattering function of a first device, so that the first device can be applied to wireless sensing.
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the following describes in detail, by using some embodiments and application scenarios thereof, a wireless sensing method and apparatus, a network-side device, and a terminal provided in the embodiments of this application.
Refer to
As shown in
Step 201: The first device backscatters a target sensing signal to a wireless sensing signal receive end, where the target sensing signal comes from a wireless sensing signal transmit end, the wireless sensing signal transmit end includes a first terminal or a first network-side device, and the wireless sensing signal receive end includes a second network-side device.
In implementation, the first device may have an antenna, and a signal collection range of the antenna is greater than or equal to a first distance between the first device and the wireless sensing signal receive end, and greater than or equal to a second distance between the first device and the wireless sensing signal transmit end, so that the target sensing signal from the wireless sensing signal transmit end can be collected by using the antenna of the first device, and the backscattered target sensing signal can be received by the wireless sensing signal receive end. Signal quality or signal strength of the target sensing signal received by the wireless sensing signal receive end meets a sensing condition corresponding to a sensing requirement, that is, the first device is located in coverage of the wireless sensing signal transmit end and the wireless sensing signal receive end, and the first device performs processes such as adjusting a matching impedance of the antenna to backscatter a wireless sensing signal collected by the antenna.
In specific implementation, the first device has a backscattering function, that is, the first device is a device with low power consumption and low complexity, and supports backscattering communication. The device supporting backscattering communication can send information by modulating and backscattering (hereinafter referred to as “reflection”) wireless signals received from the environment, not requiring conventional communication modules such as power-consuming transceivers and amplifiers, thereby implementing extremely low power consumption and low cost communication. Optionally, the device supporting backscattering communication can choose to collect energy of surrounding wireless signals or other energy for its communication, thus implementing even zero-power consumption communication.
In addition, the wireless sensing signal transmit end may be a first network-side device (for example, a base station or a transmission and reception point (Transmit Receive Point, TRP)) or a first terminal, and the wireless sensing signal receive end may be a second network-side device (for example, a base station or a TRP).
For example, as shown in
Certainly, in practical application, the wireless sensing signal receive end may alternatively be a terminal, or may be a same network-side device or a same terminal as the wireless sensing signal transmit end. For example, as shown in
This embodiment of this application mainly describes the application scenario shown in
Optionally, before the backscattering, by a first device, a target sensing signal to a wireless sensing signal receive end, the method further includes:
In specific implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate specified first information that the first device modulates onto the target sensing signal. The target sensing signal can be understood as a sensing signal for sensing measurement.
In an optional implementation, the first indication information and the target sensing signal may be signals sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit end at different times, for example, the first device obtains the first indication information first, and then determines the first information according to the first indication information. After a time gap elapses, the first device modulates the previously determined first information onto a sensing signal and backscatters the sensing signal, and the wireless sensing signal receive end receives the modulated sensing signal. That the first device modulates the first information onto the sensing signal can be understood as: the first device performs a process such as adjusting a matching impedance to affect an amplitude, or phase, or frequency of a sensing signal in the environment in which the first device is located, so as to modulate the sensing signal and make the sensing signal carry the first information.
In another optional implementation, the first indication information and the target sensing signal may be located in different information fields of a same signal, for example, a header area of a specific signal may carry the first indication information, and other areas of the signal may be considered as a sensing signal for sensing measurement.
In implementation, the first device may demodulate a received signal to obtain the first indication information, and according to indication of the first indication information, prepares the first information that needs to be modulated onto the backscattered sensing signal. In this case, the first device can provide additional first information, such as location information of the first device, information about a target sensing object to which the first device is attached, and the like. In this way, the first information may be used to provide assistance for the wireless sensing process, and the first information of the first device may even be directly used as a sensing result, thereby improving sensing performance of the wireless sensing process.
Optionally, the target sensing signal sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit end may be an unmodulated continuous wave (CW) signal, and that the first device modulates the first information onto the target sensing signal includes:
The first indication information may indicate which first information the first device needs to modulate onto the backscattered target sensing signal, for example, the first information includes a second measurement quantity collected by the first device, or includes other related information pre-stored in a tag. For example, the tag modulates the first information onto the CW signal.
In this implementation, the first device may modulate the first information onto the backscattered target sensing signal, so as to provide other information than the sensing measurement quantity for the sensing process. This helps improve sensing performance of the sensing system.
It should be noted that, in practical application, the target sensing signal received by the first device may also be of other signal types, and a manner in which the first device backscatters the target sensing signal and a manner in which the first information is carried in the backscattered target sensing signal can be adaptively adjusted, which is not specifically limited herein.
Certainly, in other embodiments, the first device may directly backscatter the sensing signal without obtaining the first indication information. In this case, the sensing signal backscattered by the first device may not carry the first information added by the first device.
For example, the sensing signal sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit end is a preset sensing signal sequence with known or predetermined signal configuration information, for example, a waveform, a bit sequence, and a frequency range. The preset sensing signal sequence is backscattered by the first device to the wireless sensing signal receive end, and the wireless sensing signal receive end can perform target signal processing based on the target sensing signal sequence and the preset sensing signal sequence to obtain a target measurement quantity. Target signal processing includes but is not limited to operations such as matched filtering, cross correlation, and sliding correlation, and a result of target signal processing is to obtain a target measurement quantity.
It should be noted that in practical application, the sensing signal sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit end may alternatively be at least two sensing signals sent at intervals, which is not specifically limited herein.
It should be noted that when receiving the target sensing signal at least partially backscattered by the first device, the sensing signal receive end may perform at least one of measurement, demodulation, and other processing on the target sensing signal to obtain the target measurement quantity. A target sensing result required for the target sensing requirement information is determined based on the target measurement quantity. Certainly, a node that determines the target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity may be a base station, UE, a core network, or an application server, which is not specifically limited herein. For example, the wireless sensing signal receive end may obtain a target sensing result through calculation based on the obtained target measurement quantity, and then directly or indirectly send the target sensing result to an initiator of a sensing service; or the sensing signal receive end may send the target measurement quantity to at least one of another base station, UE, the core network, or the application server, so that the at least one of the another base station, the UE, the core network, or the application server obtains a target sensing result through calculation, and then send it to the initiator of the sensing service.
It should be noted that, compared with a manner in which only a base station and a user mobile terminal participate in sensing (that is, a base station spontaneously sends and receives a sensing signal, the base station A sends a sensing signal and the base station B receives the sensing signal, a sensing signal is sent and received between the base station and the terminal, the terminal spontaneously sends and receives a sensing signal, and a terminal A sends a sensing signal and a terminal B receives the sensing signal), adding a tag has the following advantages:
(1) The tag features low power consumption, low costs, and small volume, and is very suitable for large-scale deployment in the environment, which therefore can greatly increase a sensing range (increase a sensing physical distance, physical angle range, and sensing network density) and improve sensing performance (increase a sensing resolution, reduce a sensing error, increase a sensing signal-to-noise ratio, and the like), compared with the foregoing sensing manner.
(2) The tag can be deployed in the environment or may be deployed on a sensing target. Regardless of a deployment position, additional sensing information (environmental information and sensing target object information) can be provided for the sensing side, to assist device-free sensing to improve sensing performance. This also has lower power consumption and fewer signaling overheads than device-based sensing.
(3) Through artificial design, the backscattering characteristics of the tag are more stable than the reflection characteristics of the object for device-free sensing; therefore the tag is relatively less affected by a sensing distance and a sensing (observation) direction, and is easier to be detected by a sensing side, thus improving the sensing robustness.
(4) A deployment mode of the tag is flexible. By cleverly deploying several tags or tag arrays on some paths where sensing signals are difficult to propagate, it is expected to implement sensing blindness compensation.
(5) Information stored in the tag (such as a tag ID, tag location coordinates, the number of tags, a tag communication capability, and physical information of a target to which the tag belongs) can be stored as a-priori information in a sensing network function (SNF) or similar network function of the core network at an early stage of deployment, or the a-priori information stored by the tag can be read by a base station or terminal accessed by the tag, thereby providing a richer and more flexible sensing scheme for the network.
(6) Costs of the tag itself are much lower than those of the base station and the terminal, and a future next-generation backscattering tag itself has a strong communication function. Therefore, tag-based sensing naturally becomes an economical, efficient, and low-complexity way to realize integration of communication and sensing.
It should be noted that in application, the target sensing signal may be a sensing signal of a specific sensing service, such as weather monitoring, reconstruction of three-dimensional maps, traffic/crowd sensing, air quality detection such as PM2.5 monitoring, monitoring of pollutants in factories, monitoring of farm animals, or recognition of human actions/postures.
An initiator of the sensing service may be a third-party application, a core network (or a network management system or a base station), or UE.
For the wireless sensing system shown in
Step (1) The application server receives a sensing requirement from the third-party application. For example, the sensing requirement is a three-dimensional map of a sensing target region (accuracy/resolution of the map is 5 m), the target region may be a designated region such as a surrounding area of a building, or a surrounding area of the target UE. The sensing requirement may include information about the target region, such as information of latitude and longitude (range) of the region.
Step (2) An application server (including an intra-network server such as an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), or including an inter-network server) sends a sensing requirement to a core network (such as an access and mobility management function (AMF)) or a sensing network function/sensing network element of the core network, such as a sensing network function (SNF). Alternatively, the application server sends the sensing requirement to the AMF, and the AMF forwards the requirement to the sensing network function/sensing network element.
Step (3) The core network function or network element (such as the sensing network function/sensing network element) determines an associated base station, UE, and tag according to the sensing requirement, and sends the sensing requirement information and/or the sensing signal related configuration information to the associated base station A or UE; or may send the sensing requirement information and/or the sensing signal related configuration information to a wireless sensing signal receive base station (that is, the base station shown in
Step (4) The core network (or the sensing network element) or the wireless sensing signal transmit end (that is, the base station A or UE shown in
Step (5) The core network (or the sensing network element) or the wireless sensing signal transmit end (that is, the base station A or UE shown in
Step (6) The base station A or the UE sends a sensing signal, where the base station A or the UE may send the sensing signal in a beam sweeping manner.
Step (7) The base station B receives a sensing signal at least partially backscattered by the tag to obtain a target measurement quantity.
Step (8) Determine a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity.
In implementation, at least one of the core network, the application server, the base station, or the UE can determine the target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity.
Manner 1: If conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is performed by the core network or the application server, the foregoing step (8) may include the following specific processes:
Step (81a) The base station B sends the target measurement quantity to the core network (or the sensing network element); or the base station B sends the target measurement quantity to the base station A or UE, and the base station A or UE sends the target measurement quantity to the core network (or the sensing network element).
Step (82a) The core network (or the sensing network element) sends the target measurement quantity to the application server, and the application server determines a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity; or the core network (or the sensing network element) determines a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity and sends the target sensing result to the application server.
Step (83a) The application server sends the target sensing result to the third-party application.
Manner 2: If conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is performed by the base station, the foregoing step (8) may include the following specific processes:
Step (81b) The base station B determines a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity, and sends the target sensing result to the core network (or the sensing network element).
Step (82b) The core network (or the sensing network element) sends the target sensing result to the application server.
Step (83b) The application server sends the target sensing result to the third-party application.
Manner 3: If conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is performed by the UE, the foregoing step (8) may include the following specific processes:
Step (81c) The base station B sends the target measurement quantity to the UE (which may be UE sending the target sensing signal or UE specified in advance); or the base station B sends the target measurement quantity to a core network function or network element (such as a sensing network function/sensing network element), and the core network function or network element (such as a sensing network function/sensing network element) sends the measurement quantity to the UE.
Step (82c) The UE determines a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity, and sends the target sensing result to the core network (or the sensing network element).
Step (83c) The core network (or the sensing network element) sends the target sensing result to the application server.
Step (84c) The application server sends the target sensing result to the third-party application.
In a case that the sensing service is initiated by the core network (or a network management system or a base station), a difference between the sensing method provided in this embodiment of this application and the specific embodiment 1 is as follows:
A core network function or network element (such as a sensing network function/sensing network element) obtains a sensing requirement and/or sensing signal related configuration from an AMF of the core network; or the AMF receives a sensing requirement or sensing signal related configuration information sent by a network management system and forwards it to the sensing network element; or the AMF receives a sensing requirement or sensing signal related configuration information sent by a base station initiating the sensing service and forwards it to the sensing network element (certainly, a sensing requirement or sensing signal related configuration information of the wireless sensing signal transmit end (the base station A or UE) may be directly sent to the wireless sensing signal receive end (the base station B), without being sent to the core network.)
After the wireless sensing signal receive end obtains the target measurement quantity, a node that completes conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result may directly or indirectly send the target sensing result to the initiator of the sensing service.
For example, if conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the core network, the initiator of the sensing service may obtain the target sensing result in the following manner:
For another example, if conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the base station, the initiator of the sensing service may obtain the target sensing result in the following manner:
For another example, if conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the UE, the initiator of the sensing service may obtain the target sensing result in the following manner:
It should be noted that when the sensing network function/sensing network element is deployed in the base station, the core network may not participate in the whole sensing process, for example, the base station or UE initiates the sensing service, and the conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the UE or the base station.
In a case that the sensing service is initiated by UE (UE that sends a target sensing signal, UE that is served by a base station that sends a target sensing signal, or other UEs, which is collectively referred to as a UE initiating the sensing service in this embodiment for ease of description), a difference between the sensing method provided in this embodiment of this application and the specific embodiment 1 is as follows:
For example, if conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the core network, the initiator of the sensing service may obtain the target sensing result in the following manner:
For another example, if conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the base station, the initiator of the sensing service may obtain the target sensing result in the following manner:
The core network (the AMF or the sensing network element) sends the sensing result to the UE initiating the sensing service (via NAS signaling); or the core network (the AMF or the sensing network element) sends the sensing result to an associated base station of the UE initiating the sensing service, and the associated base station sends the sensing result to the UE initiating the sensing service.
For another example, if conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the UE (which may be the UE initiating the sensing service), the initiator of the sensing service may obtain the target sensing result in the following manner:
It should be noted that when the sensing network function/sensing network element is deployed in the base station, the core network may not participate in the whole sensing process, for example, the UE initiates the sensing service, and the conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the UE or the base station.
It should be noted that in implementation, the foregoing process of determining the target sensing result (for example, three-dimensional map) based on the target measurement quantity (for example, angle information or signal received power information) can be completed by the UE or the base station A or the base station B, or the core network, or the application server. Related information of the base station A or UE, such as antenna position, synchronization information (SFN start time), AI related information (for example, AI training data), and the like can also be sent to a node that completes conversion of the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result, so as to assist in completing the conversion process. In addition, a charging function is completed in the core network or application server.
For ease of description, the core network function or network element (such as the sensing network function/sensing network element) is collectively referred to as a second device in the following embodiments. The second device may be a sensing network function/sensing network element in the core network or a sensing network function/sensing network element in the access network, which is not specifically limited herein.
Using the second device as an SNF as an example, the second device satisfies at least one of the following characteristics:
(1) The SNF is capable of exchanging target information with target UE (including the UE shown in
(2) The SNF is capable of determining a to-be-used sensing type based on factors such as a possible type of sensing client, required sensing quality of service (QOS), sensing capability of the UE, and sensing capability of the base station. The foregoing sensing manners are the three sensing types corresponding to
(3) The SNF is capable of storing and managing (including adding, deleting, and updating) a-priori information or capability information of tags associated with a target tag area (for ease of description, in the following embodiments, the a-priori information or capability information of the tag is collectively referred to as first information). The first information includes at least one of the following: a tag ID list (not limited to RFID electronic product code EPC code, or may also be an ID of a new device), the number of tags in the associated area, a tag location information list (two-dimensional or three-dimensional, Cartesian coordinates or polar coordinates including a tag and a reference system origin), a tag sensing distance list, a tag working bandwidth list, a tag per-channel working frequency (that is, subcarrier frequency within bandwidth) list, a tag modulation mode list, supported read-write frequency, a signal-to-noise ratio of the reflected signal of the tag, the number of transmit antennas for a single tag, the number of receive antennas for a single tag, antenna arrangement information of a single tag (antenna spacing of a single tag, antenna formation, and the like), array arrangement information of the tag (which refers to a tag array formed by a plurality of tags, one tag being considered as one array element, including tag spacing, tag array formation, or the like), error statistical distribution parameters of a reflected signal phase of the tag, and a power supply mode for the tag (including passive, semi-passive, and active), active tag power information, an energy storage capability (that is, a maximum energy storage capability of the tag), an amplitude modulation capability of the tag (that is, amplitude information of adjustable reflected signals supported, continuous amplitude modulation or discrete amplitude modulation, and the number of states of corresponding continuous or discrete characteristics), a phase modulation capability of the tag (that is, phase information of adjustable reflected signals supported, continuous phase modulation or discrete phase modulation, and the number of states of corresponding continuous or discrete characteristics), a frequency modulation capability of the tag (that is, frequency information of adjustable reflected signals supported, continuous frequency modulation or discrete frequency modulation, and the number of states of corresponding continuous or discrete characteristics), an encryption algorithm type (such as cyclic redundancy check (CRC) 16 or CRC 24) of the tag, type of channel coding (such as forward error correction (FEC) code), a corresponding coding rate, and so on.
It should be noted that at least one of the a-priori information or the capability information of the tag is reported by the target tag to the network-side device such as the base station or SNF, for example, the first information is read and reported by a reader (such as a base station accessed by the tag) of the tag.
Optionally, the first information includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the first device, status indication information about the first device participating in sensing (which may be a participation sensing flag bit (indicating whether it is allowed or agreed to participate in sensing currently)), a sensing time period of the first device (indicating a start and end time/duration of participation in sensing), a sensing service occupancy flag bit (or status indication information with a same meaning, indicating whether sensing service is currently being conducted), an incident angle and reflection angle range of the first device (the incident angle range is an incident angle range of the sensing signal that enables the tag to work normally; and the reflection angle range is a reflection angle range of a reflected signal of the tag), the number of first devices in an associated area, location information of the first device (two-dimensional or three-dimensional, Cartesian coordinates or polar coordinates including a tag and a reference system origin), a sensing distance of the first device, a working bandwidth of the first device, a working frequency of channels of the first device (that is, subcarrier frequency within bandwidth), a modulation mode of the first device, a read-write frequency supported by the first device, array form information of the first device (including the number of array elements of a single tag array (one tag serves as one array element, the number of antennas of a single tag, and antenna arrangement information of a single tag)), a signal-to-noise ratio of a reflected signal of the first device, the number of transmit antennas of a single first device, the number of receive antennas of the single first device, antenna arrangement information of the single first device, arrangement information of an array including at least two first devices, an error statistical distribution parameter of a reflected signal phase of the first device, a power supply mode of the first device, power information of an active first device, an energy storage capability of the first device (whether the tag is active, or power information of the active tag), an amplitude modulation capability of the first device, a phase modulation capability of the first device, a frequency modulation capability of the first device, an encryption algorithm type of the first device, and a type of forward error correction code FEC for channel coding of the first device and a corresponding coding rate.
(4) The SNF is capable of determining an association between the base station and the tag in the sensing area based on location information of the base station mastered by the SNF or obtained by the SNF from the AMF and first information stored in tags associated with the target tag area. The association criterion is to ensure that a signal-to-noise ratio of the sensing signal reflected by the tag and received by the base station meets requirements (such as meeting a QoS requirement and meeting a sensing condition corresponding to the sensing requirement information), and the sensing distance is greater than or equal to a distance between the base station and the tag.
In implementation, the first device participating in sensing needs to access the wireless sensing signal transmit end and the wireless sensing signal receive end, and a sensing signal strength between the first device and the wireless sensing signal transmit end and a signal strength between the first device and the wireless sensing signal receive end meet a sensing condition corresponding to the sensing requirement information. For example, assuming that the first device is a tag, and the wireless sensing signal transmit end and the wireless sensing signal receive end each are a base station, after obtaining the target sensing requirement information, the SNF or the core network AMF can determine a tag participating in sensing, a base station A sending the target sensing signal, and a base station B receiving the target sensing signal based on the sensing requirement and pre-obtained capability information and location information of the tags and base stations.
For example, a tag in a target sensing area corresponding to the sensing requirement is determined as a tag participating in sensing, and a base station A and a base station B are determined based on base stations accessed by the tag participating in sensing and based on capability information and/or location information of the base stations accessed by the tag participating in sensing. In this example, the first device is determined first, and then the wireless sensing signal transmit end and the wireless sensing signal receive end are determined based on the base stations accessed by the first device.
For another example, the base station A and the base station B are determined from base stations that meet a sensing condition corresponding to the sensing requirement, and a tag accessing the base station A and the base station B is determined as a tag participating in sensing. In this example, the wireless sensing signal transmit end and the wireless sensing signal receive end are determined first, and then the first device is determined based on the base stations accessed by the tag.
(5) The SNF can schedule an associated base station of the target tag (the associated base station of the tag may include at least one of a serving base station of the tag and an associated base station in an area where the tag is located) to serve as a reader of the tag. For example, the base station can adjust a beam, read information from a storage area of a tag, or read polling information from storage areas of a plurality of tags in an area. After reading related information, the base station can report the information to the SNF, so as to update a-priori information stored and managed by the SNF or to use it as necessary or assistance information for the sensing service.
(6) The SNF can schedule an associated base station of the target tag to act as a writer of the tag. For example, the base station can adjust a beam, write information into a storage area of a tag, or write polling information into storage areas of a plurality of tags in an area.
(7) The SNF can schedule an associated base station of the target tag to perform tag selection. A tag selection operation of the base station in the sensing process can be indicated. For example, the base station can adjust a beam and select a tag that meets a sensing condition corresponding to the sensing requirement, so that the tag that meets the sensing requirement and the sensing condition enters a corresponding active state while other tags that do not meet the sensing requirement and the sensing condition are in an inactive state.
(8) The SNF can schedule an associated base station of the target tag to perform inventory for the tag. For example, the base station can adjust a beam, circularly scan all tags that meet a selection condition, and the tags return their EPC codes (EPC codes: codes used to identify tag attached objects) respectively.
(9) The SNF can schedule an associated base station of the target tag to provide power for the target tag.
(10) The second device is located at the core network or the base station side. If the second device is located at the base station side, all processes of the sensing service can be completed at the radio access network (RAN) side (for example, for a case that the sensing service is triggered for the base station or the UE triggers the sensing service).
(11) The second device may be a separate function/physical entity, or deployed in a general server of the core network as one of the core network functions, or deployed at the base station side as one of the functions of the base station.
(12) The second device may directly exchange a sensing request (including the sensing requirement information) and a sensing result with an application server (for example, an application server of the operator); or the second device exchanges a sensing request and a sensing result with the AMF, and the AMF can directly or indirectly exchange a sensing request and a sensing result with the application server (such as a third-party application server) (through a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) and a network exposure function (NEF)).
(13) Manage overall coordination and scheduling of resources required for sensing, such as sensing resources of the base station and/or UE.
(14) Calculate or verify the target sensing result and estimate sensing precision.
(15) Support an immediate sensing request.
(16) Support a delayed sensing request.
(17) Support a periodic or event-triggered sensing request.
(18) Support canceling of a periodic or triggered sensing behavior.
(19) When the second device is a sensing network element, a plurality of sensing network elements may correspond to one AMF, or a single sensing network element may be connected to a plurality of AMFs. In a case that a plurality of sensing network elements may correspond to one AMF, when obtaining sensing requirement information, the AMF can determine, based on the sensing requirement information, at least one of the corresponding plurality of sensing network elements as a second device participating in a sensing process corresponding to the sensing requirement information.
Factors to be considered for determining a sensing network element participating in the sensing process by the AMF include at least one of the following: request QoS (such as sensing accuracy, response time, and sensing QoS level), access type (3GPP access/non-3GPP access), access network AN type (that is, 5G NR or eLTE) and serving AN node (that is, gNodeB or NG-eNodeB) of the target UE, RAN configuration information, capability of the sensing network element, load of the sensing network element, location of the sensing network element, indication of single event reporting or multi-event reporting, event reporting duration, network slice information, and the like.
(20) Based on a target area corresponding to the sensing requirement information (for example, the sensing requirement is a three-dimensional map of the sensing target area), information about a base station that may require interactive information is obtained through interaction with other network elements/functions in the core network.
It should be noted that for the whole sensing process, the core network (or the sensing network element), application server, or other nodes (such as the AMF) can complete the supervision procedure.
Optionally, in the foregoing step (3), a manner of determining the target UE by the core network function or network element (such as the sensing network function/sensing network element) may include at least one of the following:
Correspondingly, in the foregoing step (3), a manner of determining an associated base station by the core network function or network element (such as the sensing network function/sensing network element) may include at least one of the following:
Correspondingly, in the foregoing step (3), a manner of determining a target tag by the core network function or network element (such as the sensing network function/sensing network element) may include at least one of the following:
In addition, in implementation, there may be an association between the sensing requirement and the sensing signal related configuration corresponding to the sensing requirement, so that a node obtaining the sensing requirement information can determine the sensing signal related configuration information based on the association between the sensing requirement and the sensing signal related configuration.
Certainly, corresponding sensing signal related configuration information may alternatively be determined based on the sensing requirement information in other manners (for example, a bandwidth of the sensing signal is determined based on a sensing resolution requirement), and a node that determines the corresponding sensing signal related configuration information based on the sensing requirement information may be at least one of the base station, the core network, the UE, and the second device.
Manner 1: The base station A (corresponding to a sensing signal transmission manner in which the base station A sends a sensing signal) or UE (corresponding to a sensing signal transmission manner in which the UE sends a sensing signal) reports its own sensing capability (a capability related to sending of sensing signals, such as a maximum bandwidth for sending sensing signals and a maximum transmit power of sensing signals) to the core network (the AMF or the sensing network element); and/or, the base station B reports its own sensing capability (a capability related to receiving of sensing signals, such as a maximum bandwidth for receiving sensing signals and a supported measurement quantity of sensing signals) to the core network (the AMF or the sensing network element); and/or, the base station A, the UE, or the base station B queries a sensing capability of a tag participating in sensing (a capability related to receiving and backscattering of sensing signals, such as a working bandwidth and frequency point and a maximum read-write frequency supported, where such information is stored in the tag) and then reports the sensing capability of the tag to the core network (the AMF or the sensing network element), and then the core network determines the sensing signal related configuration information based on the sensing requirement information and the capability information of the base station and/or the UE and/or the tag.
Manner 2: The base station A or the base station B (corresponding to a sensing signal transmission manner in which the base station A sends a sensing signal) or the UE and/or base station B (corresponding to a sensing signal transmission manner in which the UE sends a sensing signal) determines the sensing signal related configuration information based on the sensing requirement information.
Manner 3: The core network determines part of the sensing signal related configuration information, and the base station A and/or base station B (corresponding to a sensing signal transmission manner in which the base station A sends a sensing signal) or the UE and/or base station B (corresponding to a sensing signal transmission manner in which the UE sends a sensing signal) determines another part of the sensing signal related configuration information.
Manner 4: The core network recommends the sensing signal related configuration information to the base station A and/or base station B (corresponding to a sensing signal transmission manner in which the base station A sends a sensing signal) or to the UE and/or base station B (corresponding to a sensing signal transmission manner in which the UE sends a sensing signal), the base station A and/or base station B or the UE and/or base station B finally determines the sensing signal related configuration information.
Manner 5: The base station A and/or base station B (corresponding to a sensing signal transmission manner in which the base station A sends a sensing signal) or the UE and/or base station B (corresponding to a sensing signal transmission manner in which the UE sends a sensing signal) recommends the sensing signal related configuration information to the core network based on the sensing requirement, and the core network finally determines the sensing signal related configuration information.
Optionally, the sensing signal related configuration information includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the target measurement quantity includes:
It should be noted that in implementation, the target measurement quantity may alternatively include a second measurement quantity, and the second measurement quantity may include at least one of the following:
The characteristic information of the target object may be information that can reflect an attribute or a state of the target object, and may be at least one of the following: position of the target object, speed of the target object, acceleration of the target object, material of the target object, shape of the target object, category of the target object, and radar cross section (RCS) of the target object. The related information of the target event is information related to the target event, that is, information that can be detected/sensed when the target event occurs, and may be at least one of the following: fall detection, intrusion detection, action recognition, respiratory monitoring, heart rate monitoring, and the like. The related information of the target environment may be at least one of the following: humidity, brightness, temperature and humidity, atmospheric pressure, air quality, weather conditions, topography, building/vegetation distribution, population statistics, crowd density, vehicle density, and the like.
In application, the first device may also have an information collection function, for example, the first device also includes a sensor, so that the first device can be further configured to collect the second measurement quantity.
Optionally, the first device further has an information collection function, and the method further includes:
The sensing target may be a sensing target in the wireless sensing method provided in this embodiment of this application. For example, when the sensing requirement information is a position of the sensing target object, the sensing target is a target object, and the second measurement quantity corresponding to the sensing target may be orientation information and location information of the target object collected by the first device by using a position sensor.
In this implementation, the information collection capability of the first device can be used to collect a sensing measurement quantity, and the collected sensing measurement quantity can be modulated onto the target sensing signal backscattered by the first device, so that the wireless sensing signal receive end can obtain the second measurement quantity based on the received target sensing signal. In this way, the first device can be used to provide an additional measurement quantity for wireless sensing, and a manner of transmitting a measurement quantity via signaling features lower power consumption and fewer signaling overheads compared to a device-based sensing mode.
In some embodiments, the target measurement quantity is a measurement quantity for each antenna or a measurement quantity for each sensing resource. For example, the target measurement quantity is a measurement quantity for each antenna (port) at the sensing signal transmit end or sensing signal receive end, or the target measurement quantity is a measurement quantity of each sensing resource, such as a measurement quantity of each resource block (RB), subcarrier, or RB group.
It should be noted that the related information stored in the tag itself can be used as primary/assistance information for sensing and can be transmitted during the sensing process to a function or entity that implements conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result, so that the function or entity that implements conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result can determine a target sensing result based on the related information stored in the tag and/or the sensing measurement quantity obtained through measurement, The related information stored in the tag can be modulated onto a received CW signal, and the tag backscatters the modulated CW signal to directly or indirectly transmit the related information to a node (such as the core network (or the sensing network element), the application server, the base station, or the UE) that determines the target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity. In addition, the core network or the SNF can also schedule the base station or the UE to read the related information pre-stored in the first device, for example, sending second indication information to the base station or the UE. The second indication information is used to indicate the base station or UE to read the related information pre-stored in the first device.
For example, a process of obtaining by the UE B the related information pre-stored in the tag is as follows:
After determining a tag-based sensing mode according to the sensing requirement, the core network or the SNF further needs to determine whether an operation such as selection, inventory, and access (information read/write) needs to be performed on a tag participating in the sensing;
In implementation, after receiving the target sensing signal backscattered by the tag (that is, the modulated continuous wave CW signal), the base station B may demodulate the target sensing signal to obtain the first information.
Further, depending on different functions or entities that implement conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result, the base station B may forward the obtained first information, the measured target measurement quantity, and other information to the core network, the UE, or other base stations; or the base station B may determine the target sensing result based on the first information, the measured target measurement quantity, and other information, and forwards the target sensing result to the initiator of the sensing service corresponding to the target perception requirement information through at least one of the core network, the UE, and other base stations. The process is the same as that in the foregoing embodiment in which at least one of the core network, the application server, the base station, or the UE determines the target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity, and the transmission manner of the target measurement quantity is the same, which is not repeated herein.
Optionally, the target measurement quantity may include:
The target measurement quantity includes the demodulated information backscattered by the tag (that is, the first information modulated by the tag onto the target sensing signal, such as a tag ID and position coordinate information of the tag); or may be the demodulated information backscattered by the tag plus at least one of a tag-based wireless sensing measurement quantity (tag-based measurement quantity) and a tag-free wireless sensing measurement quantity (tag-free measurement quantity).
The tag-based measurement quantity is a measurement quantity obtained after the signal is processed by the tag, for example, an RSSI/receive power and phase of a plurality of reflected signals of the sensing signal by the tag array, and the reflected signals are modulated by the tag and can be distinguished by different tag IDs; and
Similar to the target measurement quantity, the target sensing result may include a sensing result obtained based on the demodulated information backscattered by the tag (that is, the first information carried in the backscattered target sensing signal), or the demodulated information backscattered by the tag is directly used as the sensing result. In addition, the target sensing result may also include a sensing result obtained based on at least one of the two types: the tag-based measurement quantity and the tag-free measurement quantity, or the target sensing result may be a comprehensive sensing result obtained from the foregoing three types of sensing results.
In application, some a-priori information of the tag (the first information includes the a-priori information, which is collectively referred to as the first information in the following embodiments for ease of description) may be stored in the core network (or the sensing network element), or the base station, or the tag participating in sensing, and needs to be called or transferred during the sensing process. The first information may include at least one of the following: a tag ID list, status indication information for participation in sensing (which may be a flag bit for participation in sensing (indicating whether it is allowed or agreed to participate in sensing currently)), a sensing time period (indicating a start and end time/duration of participation in sensing), sensing service occupancy flag bit (or status indication information with a same meaning, indicating whether sensing service is currently being conducted), an incident angle and reflection angle range of the tag (the incident angle range is an incident angle range of the sensing signal that enables the tag to work normally; and the reflection angle range is a reflection angle range of a reflected signal of the tag), the number of tags in an associated area, and a tag location information list (two-dimensional or three-dimensional, Cartesian coordinates or polar coordinates including a tag and a reference system origin), a tag sensing distance list, a tag communication bandwidth list, a working frequency (that is, subcarrier frequency within bandwidth) list of channels of the tag, a tag modulation mode list, a read-write frequency supported, an array form list of the tag (including the number of array elements of a single tag array (one tag serves as one array element, the number of antennas of a single tag, and antenna arrangement information of a single tag)), an error statistical distribution parameter of a reflected signal phase of the tag, whether the tag is active, power information of an active tag, and the like.
In a case that conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the core network or the application server:
In a case that conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the base station:
In a case that conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result is completed by the UE (which may be UE that sends the target sensing signal):
It should be noted that when the related information of the tag is updated (for example, the tag moves (position coordinates change), a tag is added in the network, a tag is canceled (becomes invalid), or the like), communication between the core network (or sensing network element), the base station (BS), and the tag can also be implemented through the foregoing process, current information of the tag can be obtained based on a communication result, and the a-priori information of the tag in the core network (or the sensing network element) can be updated accordingly.
As an optional implementation, the method further includes:
For some tag-based sensing services, reference measurement is needed. The final sensing result needs to be determined based on a direct sensing result obtained after execution of the sensing service and a sensing result of the reference measurement. For example, for detection, positioning, and imaging of objects in an area where tags are distributed, reference measurement needs to be performed when an object is not in the area, and a corresponding measurement quantity is an RSSI or phase of the reflected signal of the tags. After the object enters the tag area, measurement is performed again to complete the sensing process. For another example, for sensing weather (such as humidity and rainfall) in an area where tags are distributed, reference measurement needs to be performed in a specific humidity or a no-rainfall period.
It should be noted that the foregoing process of reference measurement to obtain a reference measurement quantity or reference measurement result is similar to the foregoing process of obtaining a target measurement quantity or target measurement result, and a difference lies in that a sensing initiator of reference measurement is not necessarily a third-party application, and may alternatively be the core network (or the sensing network element), or a base station, or UE, and that the measurement environment may be different.
In implementation, the foregoing reference measurement quantity or reference measurement result may be stored in the core network (or the sensing network element) or the tag participating in sensing, or may be stored in the base station, so that the node that completes conversion from the target measurement quantity to the target measurement result can obtain the reference measurement quantity or reference measurement result. In addition, there is no strict requirement on a sequence of execution times of the reference measurement and the sensing service. For example, reference measurement can be executed first, and then the sensing service can be executed, so as to correct an error of the target measurement quantity or the target measurement result based on the reference measurement quantity or the reference measurement result; or the sensing service may be executed first, reference measurement is then executed, and finally the target sensing result is determined based on the target measurement quantity as well as the reference measurement quantity or the reference measurement result.
In this implementation, accuracy of the sensing result can be improved through reference measurement to reduce a sensing error.
In some embodiments, the sensing signal in the foregoing process can be sent by a plurality of base stations or UEs, and/or the sensing signal receive end may also be a plurality of base stations, and/or the number of tags participating in sensing may also be one or more. In this case, the core network needs to determine a base station set and UE set that send sensing signals, a tag set that participate in sensing, and a UE set that receive sensing signals, sends sensing signal related configuration information of the plurality of base stations or UEs and related information of tags participating in sensing to the corresponding plurality of base stations or UEs, and sends measurement quantities related to sensing signals that need to be measured by the receive base stations and the related information of tags participating in sensing to the corresponding receive base stations.
Optionally, a plurality of transmit base stations need to exchange sensing signal related configuration information with UEs (for example, the base station or UE acting as a coordinator sends the sensing signal related configuration information and the related information of tags participating in sensing to other transmit base stations and UEs, and sends sensing signal related measurement quantities and the related information of tags participating in sensing to other receive base stations). Message exchange between the core network function or network element (such as the sensing network function/sensing network element) and the UE in the foregoing procedure may be performed through the base station, or the message may be transparent to the base station, such as NAS signaling.
It should be noted that the base station in the foregoing procedure may be a TRP, for example, the base station A is a TRP A and the base station B is a TRP B. In this case, the TRP A and TRP B may belong to a same base station or different base stations.
In an optional implementation, before the backscattering, by a first device, a target sensing signal to a wireless sensing signal receive end, the method further includes:
In some embodiments, the first device obtains the second sensing request message, which may be a second sensing request message received by the first device from the base station/core network, and the first device outputs the second sensing response message, which can be understood as: the first device generates the second sensing response message for the base station or other access devices to read, or modulates the second sensing response message onto a received wireless signal for the base station or other access equipment to receive. For example, the base station/core network initially selects a tag participating in sensing according to the sensing requirement information, and sends a second sensing request message to the selected tag, so as to read status indication information for participation in the sensing process. If it indicates that the tag agrees to participate in the sensing process, it can be determined as a first device participating in the sensing process, and if it indicates that the tag does not agree to participate in the sensing process, another tag may be re-selected.
The first device may receive the second sensing request message from the base station/core network and feeds back the second sensing response message to the base station/core network to inform the base station/core network whether the first device agrees to participate in the sensing process or whether it agrees to provide the first information.
In this implementation, in the process of reflecting the sensing signal, the tag can choose to agree or refuse to participate in the sensing process and/or provide related a-priori information stored in the tag.
Certainly, in implementation, the first device can alternatively use other manners to choose to agree or refuse to participate in the sensing process and/or provide related a-priori information stored in the tag.
For example, when the base station/core network determines a tag participating in the sensing service (corresponding to the foregoing step (3)), the tag uses the status indication information for participation in sensing to indicate agreeing or refusing to participate in sensing and/or to provide the related a-priori information stored in the tag; or
Similar to the tag that chooses to agree or refuse to participate in the sensing process, the UE can also choose to agree or refuse to participate in the sensing process by using the following method:
In this embodiment of this application, the first device backscatters the target sensing signal to the wireless sensing signal receive end, where the target sensing signal comes from the wireless sensing signal transmit end, the wireless sensing signal transmit end includes the first terminal or the first network-side device, and the wireless sensing signal receive end includes the second network-side device. In this way, the target sensing signal sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit end is at least partially backscattered to the wireless sensing signal receive end by using the backscattering function of the first device. An additional sensing path can be provided for wireless sensing through the backscattering function of the first device. In addition, the first device with the backscattering function features a small size and low power consumption because of no power-consuming radio frequency link, and can be more conveniently arranged in an ISAC system than the wireless sensing signal transmit end and receive end, thereby improving sensing performance of the ISAC system.
Refer to
Step 401: The wireless sensing signal receive end obtains second information, where the second information includes sensing requirement information and/or target sensing signal related configuration information corresponding to the sensing requirement information.
Step 402: The wireless sensing signal receive end performs, according to the target sensing signal related configuration information, measurement on a target sensing signal sent by a wireless sensing signal transmit end and at least partially backscattered by the first device, so as to obtain a target measurement quantity, where the wireless sensing signal transmit end includes a first terminal or a first network-side device (for example, the UE or the base station A shown in
Step 403: The wireless sensing signal receive end determines a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity, or sends the target measurement quantity.
The process of obtaining the sensing requirement information and/or sensing signal related configuration information, the transmission process of the target sensing signal, and the conversion process from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result in this embodiment of this application are the same as those in the method embodiment shown in
In an optional implementation, the performing, by the wireless sensing signal receive end, according to the target sensing signal related configuration information, measurement on a target sensing signal sent by a wireless sensing signal transmit end and at least partially backscattered by the first device, so as to obtain a target measurement quantity includes:
In this implementation, the sensing signal sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit end is a preset sensing signal sequence with at least one of signal parameters such as waveform, bit sequence, and frequency range being determined in advance. In this case, the first device may directly backscatter, to the wireless sensing signal receive end, a preset sensing signal sequence sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit end, so that the wireless sensing signal receive end can perform at least one of target signal processing such as matched filtering, cross correlation, and sliding correlation on the received target sensing signal sequence and the preset sensing signal sequence, so as to determine a target measurement quantity based on a result of target signal processing.
Certainly, in implementation, the sensing signal sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit end and at least partially backscattered by the first device can be a conventional sensing signal. In this case, the wireless sensing signal receive end can perform measurement on the received sensing signal to obtain a target measurement quantity such as a receiving frequency, a receiving time, or a receive power, and determines a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity. In this embodiment, the backscattering function of the first device can be used to expand a transmission path of the sensing signal, thereby improving a sensing range and accuracy of the wireless sensing system.
In another optional implementation, the wireless sensing signal transmit end may send first indication information and the target sensing signal, where the first indication information is used to indicate the first device to modulate first information onto the target sensing signal, and correspondingly, the wireless sensing signal receive end can demodulate the received target sensing signal to obtain the first information carried by the target sensing signal, that is, the target measurement quantity may include the first information.
In this implementation, the wireless sensing signal receive end may demodulate the target sensing signal to obtain the first information pre-stored by the first device and modulated onto the sensing signal, so that the wireless sensing signal receive end can use the first information as one of the target measurement quantities, that is, using the first information as one of the bases for determining the target sensing result (other bases may be other sensing measurement quantities obtained by performing measurement on the target sensing signal and other information obtained in advance, such as antenna information and capability information of the wireless sensing signal transmit end), or directly using the first information as the target sensing result, which can improve comprehensiveness of sensing measurement quantities in the wireless sensing method, thereby improving sensing performance of the wireless sensing system.
Certainly, in implementation, the wireless sensing signal receive end can alternatively directly perform, according to the sensing signal related configuration information, measurement on at least part of the target sensing signal backscattered by the first device to obtain the target measurement quantity, which is not specifically limited herein.
Optionally, before the performing, by the wireless sensing signal receive end, according to the target sensing signal related configuration information, measurement on a target sensing signal sent by a wireless sensing signal transmit end and at least partially backscattered by a first device, so as to obtain a target measurement quantity, the second wireless sensing method further includes:
In this implementation, the second information obtained by the wireless sensing signal transmit end may be forwarded by the wireless sensing signal receive end. For example, as shown in
Optionally, the target measurement quantity includes:
Optionally, the target sensing signal related configuration information includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the target measurement quantity includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the second wireless sensing method further includes:
This implementation is similar to the method embodiment shown in
Optionally, before the performing, by the wireless sensing signal receive end, according to the sensing signal related configuration information, measurement on a target sensing signal sent by a wireless sensing signal transmit end and at least partially backscattered by a first device, so as to obtain a target measurement quantity, the second wireless sensing method further includes:
This implementation is similar to the method embodiment shown in
Optionally, before the performing, by the wireless sensing signal receive end, according to the sensing signal related configuration information, measurement on a target sensing signal sent by a wireless sensing signal transmit end and at least partially backscattered by a first device, so as to obtain a target measurement quantity, the second wireless sensing method further includes:
This implementation is similar to the reference sensing process in the method embodiment shown in
The second wireless sensing method provided in this embodiment of this application corresponds to the method embodiment shown in
Refer to
Step 501: The second device obtains sensing requirement information.
Step 502: The second device sends second information to at least one of a wireless sensing signal transmit end and a wireless sensing signal receive end, where the second information includes the sensing requirement information and/or target sensing signal related configuration information corresponding to the sensing requirement information, and the wireless sensing signal transmit end includes a first network-side device or a first terminal, and the wireless sensing signal receive end includes a second network-side device.
Step 503: The second device obtains at least one of a target measurement quantity and a target sensing result, where the target measurement quantity is a measurement quantity obtained by the wireless sensing signal receive end through measurement on a target sensing signal that is transmitted by the wireless sensing signal transmit end and at least partially backscattered by a first device, and the target sensing result is determined based on the target measurement quantity.
The process of obtaining the sensing requirement information and/or sensing signal related configuration information, the transmission process of the target sensing signal, and the conversion process from the target measurement quantity to the target sensing result in this embodiment of this application are the same as those in the method embodiment shown in
Optionally, the second device includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, before the second device sends the second information to at least one of the wireless sensing signal transmit end and the wireless sensing signal receive end, the third wireless sensing method further includes:
This implementation is similar to the process of determining at least one of the associated base station, the associated UE, and the tag participating in sensing by the core network function or network element (such as the sensing network function/sensing network element) based on the sensing requirement in the method embodiment shown in
Optionally, the determining, by the second device, the wireless sensing signal transmit end, the wireless sensing signal receive end, and the first device based on the sensing requirement information includes:
This implementation is similar to the method embodiment shown in
Optionally, terminals in the wireless sensing signal transmit end and the wireless sensing signal receive end meet at least one of the following conditions:
Optionally, the target measurement quantity includes:
Optionally, the obtaining, by the second device, at least one of a target measurement quantity and a target sensing result includes:
Optionally, the second device obtains the first information in the following manner:
In implementation, the second device may obtain the first information of the first device in the following manner: a serving base station or an associated base station of the tag reads an EPC code or tagID of the selected tag participating in the sensing process, and determines a-priori information of the selected target tag from a-priori information of a large number of tags stored in advance, or reads the a-priori information of the selected tag through the serving base station or the associated base station of the tag.
This embodiment of this application is similar to the method embodiment shown in
Optionally, the third wireless sensing method further includes at least one of the following:
In this implementation, the associated network-side device of the first device can be understood as: the first device is located within coverage of the associated network-side device (such as a base station) of the first device, and intensity of the sensing signal transmitted between the two meets the sensing condition corresponding to the sensing requirement.
Optionally, the third wireless sensing method further includes:
Optionally, the obtaining, by the second device, a reference measurement quantity or a reference measurement result includes:
Optionally, that the second device obtains the sensing requirement information includes:
Optionally, before the sending, by the second device, second information to at least one of a wireless sensing signal transmit end and a wireless sensing signal receive end, the third wireless sensing method further includes:
In some implementations, the process that the second device sends the first recommendation information to the wireless sensing signal transmit end based on the sensing requirement information and receives the sensing signal related configuration information from the wireless sensing signal transmit end is similar to the process in the method embodiment shown in
In some other implementations, the process that the second device receives the second recommendation information from the wireless sensing signal transmit end and determines the sensing signal related configuration information based on the second recommendation information and the sensing requirement information is similar to the process in the method embodiment shown in
Optionally, the target sensing signal related configuration information includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the target measurement quantity includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the target measurement quantity further includes a second measurement quantity collected by the first device, where the first device further has an information collection function.
In implementation, the second measurement quantity can be modulated onto the target sensing signal backscattered by the first device, so that the wireless sensing signal receive end can demodulate the received target sensing signal to obtain the second measurement quantity.
Certainly, in implementation, the wireless sensing signal receive end can alternatively obtain the second measurement quantity read from the first device, which is not specifically limited herein.
Optionally, the target measurement quantity is in one-to-one correspondence to a sensing antenna or sensing resource.
Optionally, that the second device sends the second information to at least one of the wireless sensing signal transmit end and the wireless sensing signal receive end includes:
Optionally, the obtaining, by the second device, at least one of a target measurement quantity and a target sensing result includes at least one of the following:
The third wireless sensing method provided in this embodiment of this application corresponds to the method embodiment shown in
To facilitate the description of the wireless sensing method provided in the embodiments of this application, the wireless sensing method provided in the embodiments of this application is described by using the schematic diagram of information interaction shown in
In the embodiment shown in
1. An AMF and/or the SNF obtains capability information of the UE and the gNB.
2. The gNB and/or the UE obtains a sensing service request (including second information) from the SNF.
3. The gNB sends sensing signal related configuration information to the UE.
4a. The UE sends a target sensing signal (such as a reference signal).
4b. The tag (which may be one or at least two tags) backscatters the target sensing signal.
5. The gNB processes the target sensing signal backscattered by the tag to obtain a target measurement quantity.
6. The gNB sends a measurement report (including the target measurement quantity) to the SNF.
7. The SNF determines a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity.
In the embodiment shown in
1. An AMF and/or the SNF obtains capability information of the gNB (including the gNB A and the gNB B).
2. The gNB A and/or the gNB B obtain a sensing service request (including second information) from the SNF.
3. The gNB A sends sensing signal related configuration information to the gNB B.
4a. The gNB A sends a target sensing signal (such as a reference signal).
4b. The tag (which may be one or at least two tags) backscatters the target sensing signal.
5. The gNB B processes the target sensing signal backscattered by the tag to obtain a target measurement quantity.
6. The gNB B sends a measurement report (including the target measurement quantity) to the SNF.
7. The SNF determines a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity.
An embodiment of this application further provides a wireless sensing system, including: a first device, a wireless sensing signal transmit end, and a wireless sensing signal receive end.
The wireless sensing signal transmit end includes a first network-side device or a first terminal, and the wireless sensing signal receive end includes a second network-side device;
The first device in this embodiment of this application can perform the processes of the method embodiments shown in
Optionally, the wireless sensing system further includes a second device;
In this embodiment, the second device can perform the processes of the method embodiment shown in
Optionally, a sensing signal sent by the wireless sensing signal transmit end is a preset sensing signal sequence, and the wireless sensing signal receive end is specifically configured to receive a target sensing signal sequence coming from the wireless sensing signal transmit end and at least partially backscattered by the first device, and perform target signal processing based on the target sensing signal sequence and a preset sensing signal sequence, so as to obtain a target measurement quantity, where the sensing signal related configuration information includes signal configuration information for the preset sensing signal sequence.
Optionally, the wireless sensing signal transmit end is further configured to send first indication information to the first device, the first indication information indicates first information that the first device needs to feed back to the wireless sensing signal receive end, and the first device is specifically configured to modulate the first information onto the target sensing signal, so that the wireless sensing signal receive end receives a modulated target sensing signal.
Optionally, the second device includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the first device includes at least one of a backscatter tag and a radio frequency identification RFID tag.
Optionally, a first node is configured to determine a target sensing result based on fifth information, where the first node includes at least one of the wireless sensing signal transmit end, the wireless sensing signal receive end, the second device, and a network-side device accessed by the first terminal, and the fifth information includes the target measurement quantity or includes the target measurement quantity and a first target measurement quantity; or
Optionally, a second node is configured to send a reference measurement quantity or a reference measurement result to the first node or the target core network element; and
Optionally, the second node is further configured to send a-priori information of the first device to the first node or the target core network element;
Optionally, the target core network element includes an application server, an access and mobility management function AMF network element, or a network management system.
Optionally, terminals in the wireless sensing signal transmit end and the wireless sensing signal receive end meet at least one of the following conditions:
Optionally, the first device is attached to a sensing target corresponding to the sensing requirement information, or the first device is located in a target sensing area corresponding to the sensing requirement information.
The wireless sensing system provided in this embodiment of this application can perform the processes of the method embodiments shown in
In the wireless sensing method provided in the embodiments of this application, the execution subject may be a wireless sensing apparatus. In the embodiments of this application, the wireless sensing method being performed by the wireless sensing apparatus is used as an example to describe the wireless sensing apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application.
As shown in
Optionally, the first wireless sensing apparatus 800 further includes:
The backscattering module 801 is specifically configured to:
Optionally, the first device includes at least one of a backscatter tag and a radio frequency identification RFID tag.
Optionally, the first information includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the first wireless sensing apparatus 800 further includes:
Optionally, the first device further has an information collection function, and the first wireless sensing apparatus 800 further includes:
Optionally, the first wireless sensing apparatus 800 further includes:
The first wireless sensing apparatus 800 provided in this embodiment of this application can perform the processes executed by the first device in the method embodiment shown in
As shown in
Optionally, the measurement module 902 includes:
Optionally, the second wireless sensing apparatus 900 further includes:
Optionally, the target measurement quantity includes:
Optionally, the target sensing signal related configuration information includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the target measurement quantity includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the second wireless sensing apparatus 900 further includes:
Optionally, the second wireless sensing apparatus 900 further includes:
Optionally, the second wireless sensing apparatus 900 further includes:
The second wireless sensing apparatus 900 provided in this embodiment of this application can perform the processes executed by the wireless sensing signal receive end in the method embodiment shown in
The first wireless sensing apparatus 800 or the second wireless sensing apparatus 900 in the embodiments of this application may be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device may be a terminal or other devices than the terminal. For example, the terminal may include, but is not limited to, the types of the terminal 11 listed above, and other devices may be a server, a network attached storage (NAS), and the like. This is not limited in the embodiment of this application.
As shown in
Optionally, the second device includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the third wireless sensing apparatus 1000 further includes:
Optionally, the second determining module includes:
Optionally, terminals in the wireless sensing signal transmit end and the wireless sensing signal receive end meet at least one of the following conditions:
Optionally, the target measurement quantity includes:
Optionally, the third obtaining module 1003 is specifically configured to:
Optionally, the second device obtains the first information in the following manner:
Optionally, the third wireless sensing apparatus 1000 further includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the third wireless sensing apparatus 1000 further includes:
Optionally, the fifth obtaining module is specifically configured to:
Optionally, the second obtaining module 1001 is specifically configured to:
Optionally, the third wireless sensing apparatus 1000 further includes:
Optionally, the target sensing signal related configuration information includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the target measurement quantity includes at least one of the following:
Optionally, the target measurement quantity further includes a second measurement quantity collected by the first device, where the first device further has an information collection capability.
Optionally, the target measurement quantity is in one-to-one correspondence to a sensing antenna or sensing resource.
Optionally, the first sending module 1002 is specifically configured to:
Optionally, the third obtaining module 1003 includes at least one of the following:
The third wireless sensing apparatus 1000 provided in this embodiment of this application can perform the processes executed by the second device in the method embodiment shown in
Optionally, as shown in
An embodiment of this application further provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface.
In a case that the network-side device is a wireless sensing signal receive end, the communication interface is configured to obtain second information, where the second information includes sensing requirement information and/or target sensing signal related configuration information corresponding to the sensing requirement information. The communication interface is further configured to perform, according to the target sensing signal related configuration information, measurement on a target sensing signal sent by a wireless sensing signal transmit end and at least partially backscattered by a first device, so as to obtain a target measurement quantity, where the wireless sensing signal transmit end includes a first terminal or a first network-side device. The processor is configured to determine a target sensing result based on the target measurement quantity, or the communication interface configured to send the target measurement quantity;
The network-side device embodiments correspond to the embodiments shown in
Specifically, an embodiment of this application further provides a network-side device. As shown in
The method executed by the network-side device in the foregoing embodiments can be implemented in the baseband apparatus 1203, and the baseband apparatus 1203 includes a baseband processor.
The baseband apparatus 1203 may include, for example, at least one baseband board, where a plurality of chips are disposed on the baseband board. As shown in
The network-side device may further include a network interface 1206, where the interface is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).
Specifically, the network-side device 1200 in this embodiment of the present invention further includes: instructions or a program stored in the memory 1205 and capable of running on the processor 1204. The processor 1204 invokes the instructions or program in the memory 1205 to execute the method executed by the modules shown in
Specifically, an embodiment of this application further provides a core network network-side device. As shown in
Specifically, the network-side device 1300 in this embodiment of the present invention further includes: instructions or a program stored in the memory 1303 and capable of running on the processor 1301. The processor 1301 invokes the instructions or program in the memory 1303 to execute the method executed by the modules shown in
An embodiment of this application further provides a readable storage medium, where a program or instructions are stored in the readable storage medium. When the program or the instructions are executed by a processor, the processes of the foregoing method embodiments shown in
The processor is a processor in the terminal described in the foregoing embodiments. The readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, for example, a computer read only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disc.
An embodiment of this application further provides a chip, where the chip includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or instructions to implement the processes of the foregoing method embodiments in
It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system, a system-on-chip, or the like.
An embodiment of this application further provides a computer program product, where the computer program product is stored in a readable storage medium, and when being executed by at least one processor, the computer program product is configured to implement the processes of the foregoing method embodiments shown in
An embodiment of this application further provides a wireless sensing system, including a terminal and a network-side device, where the network-side device may be configured to execute the steps of the wireless sensing method shown in
It should be noted that in this specification, the term “include”, “comprise”, or any of their variants are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, a method, an article, or an apparatus that includes a list of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements that are not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In absence of more constraints, an element preceded by “includes a . . . ” does not preclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing the functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing the functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order depending on the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from the order described, and steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to some examples may be combined in other examples.
According to the description of the foregoing implementations, persons skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method in the foregoing embodiments may be implemented by software in combination with a necessary general hardware platform. Certainly, the method in the foregoing embodiments may alternatively be implemented by hardware. However, in many cases, the former is a preferred implementation. Based on such an understanding, the technical solutions of this application essentially or the part contributing to the prior art may be implemented in a form of a computer software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disc), and includes several instructions for instructing a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, a network device, or the like) to perform the methods described in the embodiments of this application.
The foregoing describes the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the foregoing specific implementations. These specific implementations are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Inspired by this application, persons of ordinary skill in the art may develop many other forms without departing from the essence of this application and the protection scope of the claims, and all such forms shall fall within the protection scope of this application.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202111416113.6 | Nov 2021 | CN | national |
This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2022/132925 filed on Nov. 18, 2022, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202111416113.6 filed on Nov. 25, 2021, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2022/132925 | Nov 2022 | WO |
| Child | 18674744 | US |
