Patent Application
20230119888
The invention is related to a process for manufacturing a Yankee cylinder. The invention is also related to a workpiece of Yankee cylinder section.
So-called Yankee cylinders are commonly used in the drying process for the production of paper webs or tissue.
Yankee cylinders usually have a very large diameter. They are heated from the inside using steam and are difficult to manufacture because of the stringent demands to be met relating to the inner pressures the cylinder must withstand, the cylinder's leak-tightness, and its large diameter.
Standard Yankee cylinders may have the following dimensions:
Cylinder diameter: 2000 mm to 6500 mm
Diameter of hollow shaft: 1000 mm to 2500 mm
Cylinder length: 3000 mm to 8500 mm
Cylinder mass: 35 t to 140 t
The vast majority of these cylinders are made of cast iron, however Yankee cylinders made of steel are also known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,196,689 and from WO 2008/105005 A1.
Normally, a Yankee cylinder consists of a cylindrical shell surface, which is closed at the ends with end covers. The two covers can either be bolted or welded to the cylinder shell.
A Yankee cylinder rotates via journals and has a hollow shaft or axle inside through which the steam for heating the cylinder is introduced and exhaust steam and condensate can be removed.
The cylinder shell often has a large number of inner grooves on its inner surface, which improve heat transition from the heated inside of the cylinder to the cylinder surface, without substantially diminishing the component strength of the shell.
Conventionally, a Yankee cylinder shell is manufactured by welding a plurality of Yankee cylinder sections. As shown in
In this application, machining refers steps of turning, milling and grinding, etc.
This procedure is time and cost intense and has a high risk for gaining weld imperfections. Besides, the weld operator has to work under hard conditions of hot, confined spaces.
Thus, it is the technical problem to be solved of this invention to provide a process for manufacturing a Yankee cylinder and a workpiece of Yankee cylinder section used in said process that can overcome the above mentioned drawbacks.
To solve the above mentioned technical problem, according to one aspect of the invention, a workpiece of Yankee cylinder section is provided. said workpiece of Yankee cylinder section of Yankee cylinder has the followings on its end faces: welding bevel, which is adapted to be welded from the outside of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section; a first reinforcement flange, which protrudes outwards along the axial direction of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section, and is provided on the end face of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section close to the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section; a second reinforcement flange, which protrudes outwards along the axial direction of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section, and is provided on the end face of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section close to the radially inner end of welding bevel; a second reinforcement flange receiving part, which is adjacent to the second reinforcement flange in the radial direction of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section; wherein the second reinforcement flange is adapted to rest on the second reinforcement flange receiving part of another workpiece of Yankee cylinder to be welded, and the second reinforcement flange receiving part is adapted to receive the second reinforcement flange of said workpiece of Yankee cylinder to be welded, wherein the second reinforcement flange of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder rests on the second reinforcement flange of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder to be welded on their corresponding circumferential sides.
Preferably, the welding bevel is adapted to narrow gap welding. With narrow gap welding, for example, Narrow Gap Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (NG-TIG), the welding volume is reduced, and thus the occurrence of welding imperfection is reduced. Narrow Gap welding is based on the conventional arc welding technology, employing I- or U-form welding bevels of small size. Comparing with the conventional welding, the advantages of narrow gap welding are the reduction of consumption of welding materials and electricity, the smaller residual stress and deformation of the welding joint, and the better kinetic features of the joint. Narrow gap welding is a well-developed method for welding around circumference. It applies minimized heat onto the materials, and thus minimizes the heat deformation.
According to a preferable embodiment of he workpiece of Yankee cylinder section, the first reinforcement flange of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section is configured to join with the first reinforcement flange of said workpiece of Yankee cylinder section to be weld, so that they can be welded from the inner side of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section. Thus, the welding in the Yankee cylinder section only needs to be perform in the limited area between the first reinforcement flanges of the two workpieces of the Yankee cylinder section.
According to a preferable embodiment of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section, there are prefabricated grooves on the inner wall of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section, said prefabricated grooves can be machined to the final dimensions of the inner grooves of the Yankee cylinder.
According to another aspect of the invention, a process for manufacturing a Yankee cylinder is provided. The process comprises the following steps:
(a) providing workpieces of Yankee cylinder section as above defined;
(b) joining two workpieces of Yankee cylinder section to be welded together to form a Yankee cylinder case in such a way that the second reinforcement flange of a workpiece of Yankee cylinder section rests on the second reinforcement flange receiving part of the other workpiece of Yankee cylinder section
(c) welding the first reinforcement flanges of the two workpieces of Yankee cylinder section from the inner side of the Yankee cylinder case;
(d) preheating the welding bevels of the two workpieces of Yankee cylinder section and welding said welding bevels from the outside of the Yankee cylinder case to form a weld;
(e) removing the first reinforcement flange, the second reinforcement flange, the radial inner end area of the weld formed by the welding bevels and their surrounding material by machining, so that the joint of the two workpieces of Yankee cylinder section is machined to meet the final dimension requirements for the inner groove of the Yankee cylinder;
(f) removing the residual material on the outer surface of the Yankee cylinder case and the weld by machining to meet the final dimension requirements for the outer diameter of the Yankee cylinder.
According to a preferable embodiment of the process for manufacturing a Yankee cylinder, said process comprises the following step after step (d):
(g) Machining the prefabricated grooves of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section to meet the final dimension requirements for the inner grooves of the Yankee cylinder.
In another word, it is one option to first machining the prefabricated grooves of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section to the inner grooves of the Yankee cylinder and then machining the joint of the two workpieces of Yankee cylinder section to the inner grooves of the Yankee cylinder; it is also an option to first machining the joint of the two workpieces of Yankee cylinder section to the inner grooves of the Yankee cylinder and then machining the prefabricated grooves of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section to the inner grooves of the Yankee cylinder.
Comparing with the conventional art, the process for manufacturing Yankee cylinder according to the invention may reduce the manufacturing time by 250 hours, because on the inner side of the cylinder no TIG by the operator in the cylinder is required, but only simple welding of the first reinforcement flanges of the neighboring workpieces of Yankee cylinder section is performed.
Preferably, in step (d), the welding bevels are welded by narrow gap welding. Thus, the consumption of welding materials and electricity is substantially reduced, the residual stress and deformation of the joint is reduced, and the kinetic features of the joint are improved.
As in step (e), critical welding root area is removed by final machining, the quality of the Yankee cylinder case is ensured.
As it is only the first reinforcement flanges of the two workpieces of Yankee cylinder section that are welded from inside, and final welding of the two cylinder sections is no longer performed inside the cylinder, and the welded parts, namely the first reinforcement flanges, and their joint will be removed in later process by machining, the process for manufacturing Yankee cylinder of the invention permits operators not to weld inside the hot, confined spaces, which significantly reduces the health and safe risk of the operator.
The process for manufacturing a Yankee cylinder and the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section of the invention are described in details with the drawings.
In the drawings, identical or similar technical features have identical reference numbers.
To manufacture the Yankee cylinder case, first join the workpieces of the Yankee cylinder sections 1, 2.
The first reinforcement flange 101 of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 1 on the left and the first reinforcement flange 201 of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 2 in the middle joins to a proper extent for welding together.
In the radial direction of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section 1,2, the second reinforcement flange 102 and the second reinforcement flange receiving part 103 of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 1 on the left are adjacent to each other; , the second reinforcement flange 202 and the second reinforcement flange receiving part 203 of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 2 in the middle are adjacent to each other.
As seen from the drawings, the second reinforcement flange 102 of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 1 is provided on the radial outer side of the second reinforcement flange receiving part 103. The second reinforcement flange 202 of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 2 is provided on the radial inner side of the second reinforcement flange receiving part 203.
The second reinforcement flange 102 of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 1 on the left and the second reinforcement flange 202 of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 2 in the middle rest on each other on their corresponding circumferential sides. The second reinforcement flange 102 of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section on the left rests with a end face protrudes outwards along the axial direction of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section 1,2 on the second reinforcement flange receiving part 203 of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section in the middle. The second reinforcement flange 202 of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section in the middle rests with a end face protruding outwards along the axial direction of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section on the second reinforcement flange receiving part 103 of the workpiece of Yankee cylinder section 1 on the left. Their shapes and dimensions are designed within the range of the shape and dimension of the final Yankee cylinder inner grooves, so that Yankee cylinder inner grooves of required shape and dimension can be obtained in a later step by machining.
Now, the first reinforcement flange 101 of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 1 on the left and the first reinforcement flange 201 of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 2 in the middle that already joined together are welded.
Then, the welding bevels of the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 1 on the left and the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 2 in the middle are preheated and welded from the outside of the cylinder case with each other to form a weld 3, especially by means of narrow gap welding, for example, Narrow Gap Tungsten Inert Gas Welding.
Using the workpieces of the Yankee cylinder section 1, 2 on the left and in the middle of the drawings, there are welding bevels with inclination and shape that are suitable to narrow gap welding on the faces to be joined. The shape of the welding bevels is a U-shape, but I-shape or other shape that suitable for narrow gap welding is also considerable in practice.
After completing welding, the first reinforcement flange, the second reinforcement flange, the radial inner end area of the weld formed by the welding bevels and their surrounding material are removed by machining, so that the joint of the two workpieces of Yankee cylinder section is machined to form an inner groove of the Yankee cylinder. Meanwhile, the residual material on the outer surface of the Yankee cylinder case and the weld are removed by machining to meet the final dimension requirements for the outer diameter of the Yankee cylinder.
In the above mentioned process, the workpiece of the Yankee cylinder section 1, 2 may already have finished Yankee cylinder inner grooves, may only have prefabricated grooves, which, in order to meet the final dimension requirements for the Yankee cylinder inner grooves, still undergoes machining after completing the above mentioned steps.
The above discloses the preferable embodiments of this invention, while the spirit and scope of this invention are not limited within the specific contents disclosed here. Those skilled in the art can make more embodiments and applications according to teaching of this invention, and these embodiments and applications will be within the spirit and scope of this invention. Therefore, it will be understood that the specific embodiments do not define the spirit and scope of this invention, which is defined by the claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 201911307258.5 | Dec 2019 | CN | national |
This application is US National Stage of International Patent Application PCT/CN2020/126621, filed Nov. 5, 2020, which claims benefit of priority from Chinese Patent Application CN201911307258.5, filed Dec. 18, 2019, the contents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2020/126621 | 11/5/2020 | WO |
