Wound packing

Abstract
A wound packing material is provided, suitable for use in negative pressure wound therapy, including a body of a porous material, the body including frangible regions defining a plurality of portions, the frangible regions allowing the portions to be selectively removed from the body. Methods of manufacturing the wound packing material, and methods of its use are also provided.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a porous wound packing material and methods of its manufacture and use. In particular it relates to a wound packing material which is adapted to allow it to be easily shaped and configured to the shape of a wound. Such wound packing materials are particularly suitable for negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT).


Background

NPWT is a relatively new treatment for open wounds. Typically in NPWT the wound cavity or surface is filled or covered with a material that allows the transmission of a partial vacuum (i.e. does not completely collapse) to the wound bed when a negative pressure is applied to the wound area, and also allows fluids to pass from the wound bed towards the source of negative pressure. There are two primary approaches to NPWT, i.e. gauze or foam types. The gauze type (also referred to as the Chariker-Jeter technique) involves the use of a drain wrapped in gauze topped by a sealed dressing. The foam type involves the use of foam placed over or in the wound. The present invention is directed primarily towards the foam type of NPWT.


In foam based NPWT the wound cavity is filled or covered with a porous foam packing material and covered over and sealed with flexible sheet (a drape) that is fairly impermeable to fluids. A tube is inserted under or through the drape into the wound site and its distal end is connected to a vacuum source (commonly a pump). The wound cavity, enclosed by the drape and tissue, contracts under the force of atmospheric pressure and compresses the packing material visibly. Gross tissue movement ceases after a few tens of seconds and fluid flow from the wound (withdrawn from the tissue) ensues. The fluid is transmitted through the packing material and up the vacuum tube to a collection receptacle positioned between the distal end of the tube and the vacuum source. The wound packing material mechanically supports the tissue to which it is applied, and also allows the free flow of fluids away from the site when a vacuum is applied, even when compressed. A good material for this application is hydrophobic, reticulated polyurethane foam of very high free internal volume.


The packing material for use in NPWT must be shaped to fit the wound to be packed. This is typically achieved by the medical practitioner (typically physician or nurse) cutting a preformed block of foam (usually a cuboid) to approximately fit the wound using a scalpel, knife or scissors. This operation can be complex, time consuming and messy for the medical practitioner, and indeed can be dangerous with the possibility of particulate foam material contaminating the wound site or of an accident during the cutting process. Accordingly, the process of shaping the wound dressing is currently an unaddressed problem in the field of NPWT which is a barrier to its effective and widespread use.


SUMMARY OF SOME EXEMPLIFYING EMBODIMENTS

According to the present invention there is provided a wound packing material comprising a body of a porous material, the body comprising frangible regions defining a plurality of portions, the frangible regions allowing the portions to be selectively removed from the body.


The term frangible is intended to mean that the material has been weakened in some manner which allows the portion to be removed relatively easily (e.g. manually) from the body without substantially damaging the remainder of the body, but where the overall structure of the body is sufficiently strong that the body remains intact during normal use, i.e. in the absence of manipulation to remove a portion. It is highly preferred that the portions can be removed manually, without the use of additional tools such as scissors, knives, scalpels etc. This allows a medical practitioner to remove portions to achieve a desired shape of the body quickly and simply without the need to use additional tools.


Preferably the frangible regions are defined by partial pre-cuts formed in the body.


Use of the term partial pre-cuts is intended to mean a region of the body where the material of the body has been removed or severed to at least partially separate a portion of the body from the rest of the body, but where sufficient material of the body has been left such that the body retains its general structural integrity, i.e. sufficient integrity for general storage, handling and use as a wound packing material. However, the remaining material is sufficiently weak (i.e. frangible) that it is relatively easily severable with manually applied force, e.g. by a medical practitioner tearing the portion from the body.


It should be noted that the term partial pre-cuts is intended to cover both situation where material is removed by cutting or otherwise removing or severing regions of a preformed body of porous material, and also where the pre-cuts are formed during initial production of the body, e.g. formed during a moulding process.


Preferably the wound packing material is a wound packing foam suitable for use in negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Particularly suitable foams for NPWT include polyurethane foam, typically reticulated polyurethane foam of very high free internal volume, e.g. 80% or higher, preferably 90% or higher free internal volume. Typical foams used in NPWT have porosities in the range 30-60 ppi (pores per inch) and pore diameters in the range 300-800 μm. However, other suitable foams are known in the art and may be equally suitable. In general suitable foams have an open porous structure, to allow transmission of the negative pressure to the wound bed, and sufficient mechanical strength to prevent the negative pressure (typically approximately 80-125 mm Hg below ambient atmospheric pressure) from substantially collapsing the structure of the foam.


It is highly preferred that the wound packing material is sterile. This can be achieved using conventional sterilisation techniques which are known for sterilising surgical foams and dressings.


It will be clear to the person skilled in the art that size and shape of the selectively removable portions will be determined by the number of frangible regions provided per unit volume of the body, and the number of different orientations and configurations that the frangible regions are provided in.


As mentioned above, the frangible regions are preferably defined by partial pre-cuts within the body—the following description will focus on embodiments whereby the frangible regions are formed in this way, but it will be understood that frangible regions could be formed in other manners (e.g. selectively weakening the foam structure at selected regions using chemically agents or heat) and that such variants are within the scope of the present invention.


It is preferred that the partial pre-cuts are generally planar. In particular, flat planar partial pre-cuts are preferred as they provide for regularly shaped portions. However, it is perfectly possible that the planes could be curved where a curved profile on an exposed region of the body following removal of the portions is preferred.


Suitably the body comprises a first set of substantially parallel planar partial pre-cuts in first orientation. The set may comprise a plurality of planar pre-cuts, each planar pre-cut comprising a series of individual pre-cuts, each individual pre-cut being spaced from the adjacent pre-cut by a gap. The individual pre-cuts are aligned with the plane defined by the planar parallel partial pre-cut. Preferably the parallel planar partial pre-cuts of the set are regularly spaced. Where one set of parallel planar partial pre-cuts is provided in a single orientation it will be apparent that the removable portions defined by the set of planar partial pre-cuts will be slices of the body; each slice is removable from the next slice as a result of the planar parallel partial pre-cut between them.


It is preferred that the spacing between each of the parallel planar pre-cuts in the set is 30 mm or less, preferably 25 mm or less, especially 20 mm or less, and optionally 15 mm or less. The size of the portions are defined by the spacing between the parallel planar pre-cuts in the set—in this case the slices would have a thickness corresponding to the spacing between each plane.


The partial pre-cuts sever a substantial amount of the material in the plane being cut, leaving one or more relatively narrow pieces of material attaching the portion to the body (i.e. a gap), the relatively narrow piece of material thus forming the frangible region. It is desirable that the partial pre-cuts define a repeating pattern of severed regions with intervening frangible regions, i.e. perforation. It is preferred that the severed regions have a width of from 10 mm to 30 mm, preferably from 15 mm to 25 mm, and optionally from 16 to 22 mm, especially around 18 mm, and that the remaining frangible regions have a width of from 1 mm to 5 mm, preferably 1 to 3 mm, especially around 2 mm.


In another way of considering the spacing and size of the individual partial pre-cuts, typically the ratio of length of severed material to remaining material will be around 3 to 1 or higher (e.g. 15 mm severed and 5 mm remaining, or a ratio equivalent thereof), preferably 6 to 1 or higher (e.g. 18 mm severed and 3 mm remaining, or a ratio equivalent thereof), especially 9 to 1 or higher (e.g. 18 mm severed and 2 mm remaining, or a ratio equivalent thereof).


In a particularly preferred embodiment the pre-cut severs from 15 to 19 mm and leaves a frangible region of from 1 to 5 mm, preferably 17 to 19 mm and leaves a frangible region of from 1 to 3 mm, and especially approximately 18 mm leaving a frangible region of approximately 2 mm width.


Conveniently such a cut can be made using a die cutting apparatus comprising an array of a set of parallel planar blades, the set comprising a plurality of series of blades arranged in a plane, each blade having a width corresponding to the width of the region to be severed, and a spacing between the adjacent blades within a series corresponding to the width of the frangible region. The spacing between each planar series of blades defines the thickness of the frangible portion.


Thus in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wound packing material comprises partial pre-cuts formed by die-cutting. Alternative methods of forming the partial pre-cuts such as laser cutting or high pressure fluid cutting might be used as alternatives to die-cutting.


It is preferred that the body comprises a second set of parallel planar partial pre-cuts in a second orientation. Again, it is preferred that the partial pre-cuts are regularly spaced, and the dimensions set out above in relation to the first set of partial parallel planar pre-cuts are equally applicable to the second set.


The second set of partial pre-cuts may also be made by die cutting.


The second set may suitably provided at a second orientation which is substantially perpendicular to the first orientation, i.e. where the first second sets of pre-cuts intersect, it will be substantially at a right angle. The pre-cuts of the first and second sets could thus be said to lie on nominal X and Y planes respectively.


It will be apparent that where two sets of pre-cuts are provided, the selectively removable portions will typically be smaller than where one set of partial pre-cuts is provided, i.e. the second set will sub-divide the portions formed by the first set. Thus it could be said that the body has a higher volumetric resolution in that it is split into finer units.


Generally the shape of portion provided when a first and second set of partial pre-cuts is used will be substantially a cuboid, the width and breadth of which is defined by the spacing of the planes in each of the partial pre-cuts, the length being defined by the relative dimension of the body in a nominal Z plane. This applies for flat planar pre-cuts; where non-flat planar cuts are provided, such regular shapes will not be provided.


It is preferred that the body comprises a third set of parallel planar partial pre-cuts in a third orientation. Again, it is preferred that the pre-cuts are regularly spaced, and the dimensions set out above in relation to the first and second sets of partial pre-cuts are equally applicable to the third set.


The third set may suitably be provided at a third orientation which is substantially perpendicular to both the first and second set of pre-cuts. Thus it could be said that the third set of pre-cuts lies on the Z plane, relative to the X and Y planes of the first and second sets respectively.


Where three such sets are provided, the resultant selectively removable portions will be generally cuboids. Where the spacing between the planar partial pre-cuts are the same in each of the three sets, the resultant selectively removable portions will be substantially cubic.


It is of course possible to provide more than three sets of partial pre-cuts, and vary the angles between the pre-cuts to increase resolution and provide for a greater control over the shape and size of the selectively removable portions. However, where more than three sets are provided, the engineering difficulties in terms of physically forming the pre-cuts and also in retaining the general structural integrity of the body become considerable. In fact, even providing three sets of cuts in the X, Y and Z planes (i.e. a 3D pre-cut body) is somewhat difficult to achieve, and it is a significant aspect of the present invention that this has made possible.


As mentioned above, the spacing of the parallel planar partial pre-cuts, in particular the spacing between each pre-cut plane, dictates the size and shape of the selectively removable portions. A spacing of 20 mm, for example, in all 3 sets of a 3D pre-cut body provides for portions which are cubes of approximately 20 mm in each dimension. This allows a medical practitioner to remove cube shaped portions of foam to shape the body to the desired shape for wound packing, and to achieve a fit to the shape of the wound to within 20 mm. Alternatively, blocks of 20×20×10 mm may be a suitable shape allowing increased resolution one dimension, but retaining a relatively manageable number of portions. It is, of course, generally desirable to allow the medical practitioner to shape the body of wound packing material as closely as possible to the desired shape for wound packing, but this must be balanced against the need for ease of manufacture and simplicity of handling. It has been found that such a balance can be achieved using dimensions of from 10 to 20 mm for the removable portions.


It should be pointed out that in certain instances it may be sufficient to have the ability to remove portions to achieve a far less precise shape of body of wound packing material. In such situations a body comprising three sets of pre-cuts may not be required, and a body comprising one or two sets of parallel planar partial pre-cuts may provide sufficient scope for customisation of shape.


However, it is an objective of the present invention to provide a wound packing material which is highly customisable, and that a body comprising three or more sets of parallel planar partial pre-cuts is generally preferred.


Accordingly, in a particularly preferred embodiment the present invention provides a wound packing material comprising a body of a porous material, the body comprising frangible regions defining a plurality of selectively removable cuboidal portions, the frangible regions being defined by partial pre-cuts provided in the body of the body.


Preferably the body is entirely comprised of selectively removable cuboidal portions interconnected by frangible regions, each of the edges of the cuboids being 5 to 30 mm, preferably from 10 to 24 mm, especially from 10 to 20 mm.


More preferably the cuboidal portions are cubic and have an edge length of from 5 to 30 mm, preferably from 10 to 24 mm, especially from 10 to 20 mm.


Suitably the body is generally cuboidal in shape, prior to the removal of any selectively removable portions. The body may suitably be a cube, or it may be a rectangular cuboid or square cuboid. Various shapes of body may be useful for different wound shapes and sizes. Typically NPWT foam is provided as a rectangular cuboid of approximate dimensions 200×100×30 mm, and this is a suitable shape for the body of the present invention. For such a shape and size, portions of approximately 20×20×10 mm are very suitable to allow customisation of shape.


In a further aspect the present invention provides a method of manufacture of a wound packing material, the method comprising the steps of:

    • providing a body of a porous wound packing material;
    • forming at least one partial pre-cut in a first orientation in said body, said at least one partial pre-cut severing regions of the body to leave frangible regions of the body, the frangible regions allowing the portions to be selectively removed from the body.


Preferably the at least one partial pre-cut is a parallel planar partial pre-cut.


Preferably the at least one partial pre-cut is formed by die cutting.


The die cutting may involve providing at least one blade and pushing said blade through the body to cut a region of the body and leave at least one frangible region.


It is preferred that the die cutting involves providing a plurality of blades in a suitable arrangement to provide desired partial pre-cuts and frangible regions. Dimensions and other details of the partial pre-cuts are set out above.


Suitably the blades have a length great enough to pass completely through the body. It should be noted that the body may be compressed as it is cut, and therefore the blades need only be long enough to pass completely through the body as it is compressed in the cutting process. Alternatively the blades may be shorter where it is not desirable to cut all the way through the body, or where cuts from two sides will be made to cut completely through the body; in the latter case the blades will generally have a length of approximately half of the relevant dimension of the compressed body to be cut.


The blades may suitably be arranged as an array of a set of parallel planar flat blades, the set comprising a plurality of series of individual flat blades arranged in a plane, each individual flat blade having a width corresponding to the width of the region to be severed, and a gap between the individual flat blades corresponding to the width of the frangible region. Suitable details of the blades are set out above.


Suitably the method involves the step of forming a second partial pre-cut in a second orientation, especially a second set of partial pre-cuts as discussed above. Preferably the second orientation is perpendicular to the first orientation. Preferably the second partial pre-cut is a parallel planar partial pre-cut.


Suitably the method involves the step of forming a third partial pre-cut in a third orientation, especially a third set of partial pre-cuts as discussed above. Preferably the third orientation is perpendicular to the first and second orientations. Preferably the third partial pre-cut is a parallel partial planar pre-cut.


Thus the method may involve providing three partial pre-cuts in nominal X, Y and Z planes. Suitably the X, Y and Z planes are congruent with the faces of the body, where the body is a cuboid.


Suitably the method involves forming partial pre-cuts to define a plurality of regularly shaped and sized cuboidal portions interconnected by frangible regions. Suitably the entire body is formed of selectively removable cuboidal portions. Suitably the cuboidal portions are cubes.


In certain embodiments two or more sets of pre-cuts can be made simultaneously. This can be suitably carried out using a single array of blades comprising two sets of blades in two orientations, e.g. an array of cruciform blades.


Where there is a risk of excessive distortion to the body during the cutting process it is useful to support the foam structure during the cutting process.


In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of preparing a wound packing material comprising the steps of:

    • providing a wound packing material as set out above; and
    • removing portions of the body of said would packing material such that the body is a desirable shape.


Preferably the body is shaped to approximately fit the shape of a wound to be packed.


Preferably the portions are removed manually, i.e. without the use of tools.


In a further aspect the present invention provides a method of treating a wound comprising the steps of;

    • providing a wound packing material as set out above;
    • removing portions of the body of said would packing material such that the body is a desirable shape to fit within said wound; and
    • packing the wound with said wound packing material.


Preferably the method provides the step of applying a negative pressure to the wound through the wound packing material, i.e. the method is NPWT. In general this can be achieved by providing a substantially fluid impermeable sheet over the wound and wound dressing, thus defining a sealed volume, and applying a negative pressure inside said sealed volume. The seal need not be completely hermetic, but should be sufficient to allow a suitable negative pressure to be sustained. The source of negative pressure, e.g. a pipe form a vacuum pump, is provided at a position such that it draws fluids from the wound bed through the wound packing material.


Suitably the negative pressure is in the range of from 80 to 125 mm Hg below ambient atmospheric pressure.


In a further aspect the present invention provides the use of a wound packing material as set out above in wound treatment, especially NPWT.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:



FIG. 1 shows a body of porous wound packing material after being pre-cut in the x, y and z dimensions;



FIG. 2 schematically shows the set of pre-cuts in the x and y dimension;



FIG. 3 schematically shows the sets of pre-cuts in the z dimension;



FIG. 4 shows a body with a single portion removed;



FIG. 5 shows the body of FIG. 4 with a plurality of portions removed;



FIG. 6 shows a first array of a set of blades suitable for forming a partial pre-cut in a first orientation in a body of wound packing material; and



FIG. 7 shows a second array of sets of blades suitable for making second and third sets of partial pre-cuts in a body of wound packing material in second and third orientations;





DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SOME EXEMPLIFYING EMBODIMENTS

As shown in FIG. 1, a body 10 of porous material, such as foam, is generally a cube in shape having three dimensions, x, y and z. The porous material is suitable for wound packing. The material may be reticulated polyurethane foam of very high free internal volume. The body 10 could be a different shape, e.g. a comparatively flat cuboid, which is a conventional shape for foams for NPWT.


As shown in FIG. 2, the body 10 is partially pre-cut by a suitable cutting technique, such as die cutting (though other techniques may be useable), in the planes in the x and y dimensions to define a first and second set of parallel planar partial pre-cuts 14, 16. The body 10 is also partially pre-cut in the z dimension to define a third set of parallel planar partial pre-cut 18. The three sets of partial pre-cuts 14, 16, 18 define individual cubic portions 12 of approximately equal volume.


The three sets of partial pre-cuts 14, 16, 18 are intermittent, the gaps in the pre-cuts defining frangible regions 20 on each internal face of each portion 12 (in other words they are perforated for easy removal of the portions). The frangible regions 20 connect adjacent portions 12 together thereby to ensure the portions 12 remain connected together when the body 10 is stored, compressed or extended, i.e. when being used as a wound packing in NPWT.


The frangible regions 20 extend between face sides of each portion 12 and are elongate. The thickness of each frangible region 20 is suitable to provide adequate strength to ensure adjacent portions 12 remain connected when the body 10 is being compressed or extended during normal use, whilst allowing one or more portions 12 to be easily pulled from the body 10 by compromising the integrity of the frangible regions 20 attaching the portion 12 to the body. For typical NPWT foams, a frangible region of approximately 2 mm of thickness provides a good compromise of strength versus tearability.


One or more portions 12 can be selectively removed by hand from the body 10 to shape the body 10 for a particular wound packing application. Advantageously, cutting tools such as knives, scalpels and scissors are not required to shape the body 10 of porous material.


As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the body 10 is a cube of volume 448000 mm3, which is pre-cut in the x, y and z dimensions to define 448 (i.e. 7×8×8) equally sized 1000 mm3 portions 12 (i.e. 10×10×10 mm). Adjacent portions 12 are connected by a frangible portion 20 of 2 mm thick porous material (not shown).


The frangible regions 20 ensure the body 10 retains its structural integrity for storage and handling purposes whilst allowing one or more portions 12 to be selectively removed therefrom. FIG. 4 shows a single portion 12 removed from the body 10 to leave a hole 22, whilst FIG. 5 shows a plurality of portions 12 removed from the body 10 to selectively shape the body 10 for a particular application of wound packing. The body 10 may be shaped to complement the external contours of a patient or to fit in a cavity.


Of course, the dimensions of the body 10 and the portions 12 may be different to those described above for a particular application and the number and orientation of partial pre-cuts lines 14, 16, 18 may be varied and may be planar or curved to define regular or irregular portions 12 accordingly.


To form a wound packing material similar to the above the following general process may be used. The present process describes a process for converting a single cuboid block of foam into 6 cuboidal wound packing material bodies. The block is initially approximately 200 mm by 100 mm by 180 mm and is cut into 6 blocks of 200 mm by 100 mm by 30 mm. It will be apparent that variations of this method could be used to manufacture wound packing materials of a great variety of different shapes and sizes, and having varying portion size and shapes.

    • A body of porous material is provided which has the dimensions set out above.
    • A first set of parallel planar partial pre-cuts is made in the body using an array of blades 30. The pre-cuts are made perpendicular to, and into, a first face of the body
    • The array (FIG. 6) comprises a number of planes 31 made up of a series of 18 mm wide flat blades 32, and a 9 mm blade 33 at each end of the plane; a gap of 2 mm is provided between each blade in the series. A gap of 10 mm is left between each plane of blades. The array also comprises 5 continuous 100 mm long planar blades 36 which acts to cut the initial block completely into 6 smaller blocks.
    • The first set of partial pre-cuts is achieved by placing the block of foam against the array of blades 30 and urging the blades into and through the block. The pressure required may be generated by a hydraulic press (also known as a clicker press). This is a conventional form of die cutting and the necessary apparatus and techniques are well known to one skilled in the art.
    • Second and third sets of partial pre-cuts are made using a second array 40 of blades (see FIG. 7). In the second array a plurality of cruciform blades 42 are provided. Due to the shape and arrangement of the blades 42, the array is suitable to make two sets of parallel planar partial pre-cuts in two orientations, which are perpendicular to each other. Thus, in one cutting action, two sets of parallel planar partial pre-cuts are made. Each cruciform blade 42 comprises two 18 mm long linear blade elements 44,46 intercepting at each of their midpoints at a right angle to define the cruciform blade.
    • The cruciform blades are arranged in the array to form a square matrix with gaps of 2 mm provided between each cruciform blade.
    • As with the first cut, the second cut is made by applying pressure to drive the blades 42 through the body.
    • The length of the blades in the first and second array are sufficient to pass completely through the body and emerge at the other side.


This process forms 6 cuboids of foam measuring 200 mm×100 mm×30 mm, which are each formed of cuboids measuring approximately 20 mm×20 mm×10 mm, each of the cuboid portions being interconnected with adjacent portions by frangible regions of approximately 2 mm thickness.


It should be noted that where a generally cubic body of foam is being prepared the order of the cuts is not particularly significant as the cube is equally structurally stable in all 3 dimensions. However, when preparing a body with a relatively thin minor dimension, as set out in the method above, it is important that the first cut made is the one perpendicular to the plane of the thin dimension (i.e. the smallest face of the cuboid), or that the shape of the block is supported as the cut is made. If the order is reversed, or the block shape is not supported, there is generally an unacceptable amount of crushing and/or corrugation of the body resulting in a significant distortion to the desired cut geometry.


The result of this process is a wound packing material which can be custom shaped by manually removing cuboid portions by tearing the frangible regions interconnecting the portions making up the body. This allows a medical practitioner to shape the body of wound packing material to fit the wound to be packed or dressed. Once the wound packing material has been shaped appropriately, the wound can be dressed for NPWT.

Claims
  • 1. A method of treating a wound, the method comprising: providing a wound packing material comprising a body of porous material, the body comprising a plurality of outer surfaces and a plurality of outer edges, each of the plurality of outer edges disposed at an interface of a pair of adjacent outer surfaces, each of the outer surfaces delimited by a subset of the plurality of outer edges, the body comprising frangible regions defining a plurality of portions, the frangible regions allowing the portions to be selectively removed from the body, wherein the frangible regions are arranged so that the body can be reduced in each of three orthogonal dimensions by removing a subset of the plurality of the portions at the frangible regions wherein the wound packing material comprises a first partial pre-cut that extends in a first direction from a first outer surface of the body to a second outer surface of the body, wherein the wound packing material comprises a second partial pre-cut that extends in the first direction from the first outer surface of the body to the second outer surface of the body, wherein each of the first and second partial pre-cuts is spaced apart from each outer edge of the subset of outer edges that delimits the first outer surface, and wherein the wound packing material comprises a third partial pre-cut that extends in a second direction from a third outer surface of the body to a fourth outer surface of the body, wherein the third partial pre-cut is spaced apart from each outer edge of the subset of outer edges that delimits the third outer surface;removing portions of the body of said wound packing material such that the body is a desired shape to fit within said wound; andpacking the wound with said wound packing material.
  • 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising: applying negative pressure to the wound.
  • 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the wound packing material does not substantially collapse when negative pressure is applied to the wound.
  • 4. The method of claim 2, wherein negative pressure is applied to the wound through the wound packing material.
  • 5. The method of claim 2, wherein applying negative pressure comprises: providing a substantially fluid impermeable sheet over the wound and wound packing material, thereby defining a sealed volume; anddelivering negative pressure to the wound from a vacuum source in fluid communication with the sealed volume to draw fluids from the wound.
  • 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the fluids are drawn through the wound packing material.
  • 7. The method of claim 2, wherein negative pressure is in the range of from 80 to 125 mm Hg below ambient atmospheric pressure.
  • 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the body further comprises an upper surface, a lower surface, and a thickness defined therebetween, the body comprising at least one first partial pre-cut disposed within the thickness, an upper portion of the thickness being disposed between the at least one first partial pre-cut and the upper surface, a lower portion of the thickness being disposed between the at least one first partial pre-cut and the lower surface.
  • 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the at least one first partial pre-cut is substantially parallel with the upper surface or the lower surface.
  • 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the body further comprises at least one second partial pre-cut that is substantially perpendicular to the upper surface.
  • 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the at least one second partial pre-cut is curved.
  • 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one second partial pre-cut comprises two or more spaced apart curved planar cuts that are substantially parallel with one another.
  • 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the at least one second partial pre-cut comprises an additional curved planar cut that is non-parallel with the two or more spaced apart curved planar cuts.
  • 14. A method of preparing a wound packing material, the method comprising: providing a wound packing material comprising a body of porous material, the body comprising a plurality of outer surfaces and a plurality of outer edges, each of the plurality of outer edges disposed at an interface of a pair of adjacent outer surfaces, each of the outer surfaces delimited by a subset of the plurality of outer edges, the body comprising frangible regions defining a plurality of portions, the frangible regions allowing the portions to be selectively removed from the body, wherein the frangible regions are arranged so that the body can be reduced in each of three orthogonal dimensions by removing a subset of the plurality of the portions at the frangible regions, wherein the wound packing material comprises a first partial pre-cut that extends in a first direction from a first outer surface of the body to a second outer surface of the body, wherein the wound packing material comprises a second partial pre-cut that extends in the first direction from the first outer surface of the body to the second outer surface of the body, wherein each of the first and second partial pre-cuts is spaced apart from each outer edge of the subset of outer edges that delimits the first outer surface, and wherein the wound packing material comprises a third partial pre-cut that extends in a second direction from a third outer surface of the body to a fourth outer surface of the body, wherein the third partial pre-cut is spaced apart from each outer edge of the subset of outer edges that delimits the third outer surface; andremoving portions of the body of said wound packing material such that the body is a desired shape to fit within said wound.
  • 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the body further comprises an upper surface, a lower surface, and a thickness defined therebetween, the body comprising at least one first partial pre-cut disposed within the thickness, an upper portion of the thickness being disposed between the at least one first partial pre-cut and the upper surface, a lower portion of the thickness being disposed between the at least one first partial pre-cut and the lower surface.
  • 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one first partial pre-cut is substantially parallel with the upper surface or the lower surface.
  • 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the body further comprises at least one second partial pre-cut that is substantially perpendicular to the upper surface.
  • 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the at least one second partial pre-cut is curved.
  • 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one second partial pre-cut comprises two or more spaced apart curved planar cuts that are substantially parallel with one another.
  • 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the at least one second partial pre-cut comprises an additional curved planar cut that is non-parallel with the two or more spaced apart curved planar cuts.
Priority Claims (1)
Number Date Country Kind
0902368.0 Feb 2009 GB national
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/328,323, filed Jul. 10, 2014, entitled WOUND PACKING, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/201,427, filed Sep. 14, 2011, entitled WOUND PACKING, which is a U.S. National Phase of PCT International Application No. PCT/GB2010/000228, filed on Feb. 10, 2010, designating the United States and published on Aug. 19, 2010 as WO 2010/092334, which claims priority to Great Britain Patent Application No. 0902368.0, filed on Feb. 13, 2009. The disclosure of all of the prior applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties and should be considered a part of this application.

US Referenced Citations (262)
Number Name Date Kind
1066934 Manney Jul 1913 A
1975504 Formhals Oct 1934 A
2727382 Kurz Dec 1955 A
2877765 Bunyan Mar 1959 A
2889039 Schladermundt et al. Jun 1959 A
4252119 Coates Feb 1981 A
4294240 Thill Oct 1981 A
4341207 Steer et al. Jul 1982 A
4360015 Mayer Nov 1982 A
4360021 Stima Nov 1982 A
4418691 Yannas et al. Dec 1983 A
4499896 Heinecke Feb 1985 A
4541426 Webster Sep 1985 A
4561435 McKnight et al. Dec 1985 A
4664662 Webster Jun 1987 A
4699134 Samuelsen Oct 1987 A
4735606 Davison Apr 1988 A
4759354 Quarfoot Jul 1988 A
4798603 Meyer et al. Jan 1989 A
4867150 Gilbert Sep 1989 A
4875473 Alvarez Oct 1989 A
4882213 Gaddis et al. Nov 1989 A
4929477 Will May 1990 A
4969880 Zamierowski Nov 1990 A
4997425 Shioya et al. Mar 1991 A
5080661 Lavender Jan 1992 A
5149331 Ferdman et al. Sep 1992 A
5167613 Karami et al. Dec 1992 A
5218973 Weaver et al. Jun 1993 A
5261893 Zamierowski Nov 1993 A
5264218 Rogozinski Nov 1993 A
5267952 Gardner Dec 1993 A
5322695 Shah et al. Jun 1994 A
5336209 Porzilli Aug 1994 A
5397316 LaVon et al. Mar 1995 A
5415715 Delage et al. May 1995 A
5445604 Lang Aug 1995 A
5486158 Samuelson Jan 1996 A
5489304 Orgill et al. Feb 1996 A
5496605 Augst et al. Mar 1996 A
5527293 Zamierowski Jun 1996 A
5549584 Gross Aug 1996 A
5593395 Martz Jan 1997 A
5599289 Castellana Feb 1997 A
5616387 Augst et al. Apr 1997 A
5626954 Anderson May 1997 A
5633007 Webb et al. May 1997 A
5636643 Argenta et al. Jun 1997 A
5645081 Argenta et al. Jul 1997 A
5681579 Freeman Oct 1997 A
5713881 Rezai et al. Feb 1998 A
5714225 Hansen et al. Feb 1998 A
5716411 Orgill et al. Feb 1998 A
5720714 Penrose Feb 1998 A
5733305 Fleischmann Mar 1998 A
5759570 Arnold Jun 1998 A
5792090 Ladin Aug 1998 A
5804021 Abuto et al. Sep 1998 A
5810755 LeVeen et al. Sep 1998 A
D403774 Laughlin et al. Jan 1999 S
5868724 Diercket et al. Feb 1999 A
5885237 Kadash et al. Mar 1999 A
D408920 Dunshee et al. Apr 1999 S
5899893 Dyer et al. May 1999 A
5958420 Jenson Sep 1999 A
D415836 Dunshee et al. Oct 1999 S
5981822 Addison Nov 1999 A
5985990 Kantner et al. Nov 1999 A
6071267 Zamierowski Jun 2000 A
6087549 Flick Jul 2000 A
6117111 Fleischmann Sep 2000 A
6142982 Hunt et al. Nov 2000 A
6167613 Karmi Jan 2001 B1
6203563 Fernandez Mar 2001 B1
6203654 McFall et al. Mar 2001 B1
6207875 Lindqvist et al. Mar 2001 B1
6293281 Shultz et al. Sep 2001 B1
6297422 Hansen et al. Oct 2001 B1
6333093 Burrell et al. Dec 2001 B1
6345623 Heaton et al. Feb 2002 B1
6350339 Sessions Feb 2002 B1
6398767 Fleischmann Jun 2002 B1
6447799 Ullman Sep 2002 B1
6458109 Henley et al. Oct 2002 B1
6553998 Heaton et al. Apr 2003 B2
6566575 Stickels et al. May 2003 B1
6680113 Lucast et al. Jan 2004 B1
6685681 Lockwood et al. Feb 2004 B2
6713659 Bodenschatz et al. Mar 2004 B2
6752794 Lockwood et al. Jun 2004 B2
6767334 Randolph Jul 2004 B1
6770794 Fleischmann Aug 2004 B2
6794554 Sessions et al. Sep 2004 B2
6797855 Worthley Sep 2004 B2
6814079 Heaton et al. Nov 2004 B2
6838589 Liedtke et al. Jan 2005 B2
6855135 Lockwood et al. Feb 2005 B2
D506547 Cruz et al. Jun 2005 S
6942628 Watson Sep 2005 B1
6951553 Bubb et al. Oct 2005 B2
6974428 Knutson et al. Dec 2005 B2
7004915 Boynton et al. Feb 2006 B2
7005556 Becker et al. Feb 2006 B1
7030288 Liedtke et al. Apr 2006 B2
7041868 Greene et al. May 2006 B2
7108681 Gartstein et al. Sep 2006 B2
7108683 Zamierowski Sep 2006 B2
7122712 Lutri et al. Oct 2006 B2
7137968 Burrell et al. Nov 2006 B1
D537948 Smith Mar 2007 S
D544607 Henry et al. Jun 2007 S
7291762 Flick Nov 2007 B2
7335809 Riesinger Feb 2008 B2
7338482 Lockwood et al. Mar 2008 B2
7351250 Zamierowski Apr 2008 B2
7381859 Hunt et al. Jun 2008 B2
7438705 Karpowicz et al. Oct 2008 B2
7468471 Sigurjonsson et al. Dec 2008 B2
7494482 Orgill et al. Feb 2009 B2
7518031 Liedtke et al. Apr 2009 B2
7615036 Joshi et al. Nov 2009 B2
7625362 Boehringer et al. Dec 2009 B2
7645269 Zamierowski Jan 2010 B2
7676400 Dillon Mar 2010 B1
7676784 Allen et al. Mar 2010 B2
7700819 Ambrosio et al. Apr 2010 B2
7722582 Lina et al. May 2010 B2
D620122 Cotton Jul 2010 S
D620123 Igwebuike Jul 2010 S
7753894 Blott et al. Jul 2010 B2
7754937 Boehringer et al. Jul 2010 B2
7779625 Joshi et al. Aug 2010 B2
7790946 Mulligan Sep 2010 B2
7794438 Henley et al. Sep 2010 B2
7815616 Boehringer et al. Oct 2010 B2
7820453 Heylen et al. Oct 2010 B2
7846141 Weston Dec 2010 B2
7857806 Karpowicz et al. Dec 2010 B2
7896856 Petrosenko et al. Mar 2011 B2
7909805 Weston Mar 2011 B2
7942866 Radl et al. May 2011 B2
7951100 Hunt et al. May 2011 B2
D639441 Sferle Jun 2011 S
7981098 Boehringer et al. Jul 2011 B2
7982087 Greener et al. Jul 2011 B2
D644330 Pfeiffer et al. Aug 2011 S
8030534 Radl et al. Oct 2011 B2
8062272 Weston Nov 2011 B2
8062331 Zamierowski Nov 2011 B2
8070773 Zamierowski Dec 2011 B2
8097272 Addison Jan 2012 B2
RE43195 Cotton Feb 2012 E
8114126 Heaton et al. Feb 2012 B2
8123781 Zamierowski Feb 2012 B2
8142419 Heaton et al. Mar 2012 B2
8172816 Kazala, Jr. et al. May 2012 B2
8187237 Seegert May 2012 B2
8188331 Barta et al. May 2012 B2
8192409 Hardman et al. Jun 2012 B2
8197467 Heaton et al. Jun 2012 B2
8273105 Cohen et al. Sep 2012 B2
8338402 Fry et al. Dec 2012 B2
8353931 Stopek et al. Jan 2013 B2
8372050 Jaeb et al. Feb 2013 B2
8376972 Fleischmann Feb 2013 B2
8399730 Kazala, Jr. et al. Mar 2013 B2
8444392 Turner et al. May 2013 B2
8447375 Shuler May 2013 B2
8460257 Locke et al. Jun 2013 B2
8486032 Seegert et al. Jul 2013 B2
8500704 Boehringer et al. Aug 2013 B2
8500776 Ebner Aug 2013 B2
8523832 Seegert Sep 2013 B2
8535296 Blott et al. Sep 2013 B2
8540687 Henley et al. Sep 2013 B2
D692565 Lattimore et al. Oct 2013 S
8608776 Coward et al. Dec 2013 B2
8622981 Hartwell et al. Jan 2014 B2
8632523 Eriksson et al. Jan 2014 B2
8679080 Kazala, Jr. et al. Mar 2014 B2
8680360 Greener et al. Mar 2014 B2
8791315 Lattimore et al. Jul 2014 B2
8791316 Greener Jul 2014 B2
8821535 Greener Sep 2014 B2
8843327 Vernon-Harcourt et al. Sep 2014 B2
8945030 Weston Feb 2015 B2
9220822 Hartwell Dec 2015 B2
20010027285 Heinecke et al. Oct 2001 A1
20010034499 Sessions et al. Oct 2001 A1
20020052570 Naimer May 2002 A1
20020082567 Lockwood et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020161346 Lockwood et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020193721 Vandruff Dec 2002 A1
20030050590 Kirsch Mar 2003 A1
20040006319 Lina et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040019337 Moberg-Alehammar et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040064111 Lockwood et al. Apr 2004 A1
20050085795 Lockwood Apr 2005 A1
20050090860 Paprocki Apr 2005 A1
20050113733 Liedtke et al. May 2005 A1
20050131327 Lockwood et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050143697 Riesinger Jun 2005 A1
20050181163 Kose Aug 2005 A1
20050182445 Zamierowski Aug 2005 A1
20050197626 Moberg et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050215932 Sigurjonsson et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050267424 Eriksson et al. Dec 2005 A1
20060142687 Liedtke et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060161123 Kudo et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060178608 Stapf Aug 2006 A1
20060241689 Leiboff et al. Oct 2006 A1
20070010775 Lutri Jan 2007 A1
20070032763 Vogel Feb 2007 A1
20070142761 Aali Jun 2007 A1
20070185463 Mulligan Aug 2007 A1
20070282309 Bengtson et al. Dec 2007 A1
20080095979 Hatanaka et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080213344 McCarthy et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080300555 Olson et al. Dec 2008 A1
20090005744 Karpowicz et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090043268 Eddy Feb 2009 A1
20090093550 Rolfes et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090099519 Kaplan Apr 2009 A1
20090105670 Bentley et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090105671 Daggar et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090130186 McCarthy et al. May 2009 A1
20090137973 Karpowicz et al. May 2009 A1
20090177136 Liedtke et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090227969 Jaeb et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090299255 Kazala, Jr. et al. Dec 2009 A1
20100010462 Kurata Jan 2010 A1
20100022990 Karpowicz et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100069829 Hutchinson et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100069858 Olson Mar 2010 A1
20100069885 Stevenson et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100106117 Lockwood et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100106184 Coward et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100160874 Robinson et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100160876 Robinson et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100179463 Greener et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100179515 Swain et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100196106 Allen Aug 2010 A1
20100249733 Blott Sep 2010 A9
20110054283 Shuler Mar 2011 A1
20110066096 Svedman Mar 2011 A1
20110077605 Karpowicz et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110178451 Robinson et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110282310 Boehringer et al. Nov 2011 A1
20120041402 Greener Feb 2012 A1
20120059412 Fleischmann Mar 2012 A1
20120130326 Cavanaugh, II et al. May 2012 A1
20120136328 Johannison et al. May 2012 A1
20120144989 De Plessis et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120150133 Heaton et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120172926 Hotter Jul 2012 A1
20120191054 Kazala, Jr. et al. Jul 2012 A1
20130197457 Kazala, Jr. et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130211349 Stokes et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130253401 Locke et al. Sep 2013 A1
20140068914 Coward et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140094730 Greener Apr 2014 A1
20140323998 Greener Oct 2014 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (99)
Number Date Country
3 539 533 May 1987 DE
10 2005 007016 Aug 2006 DE
0 122 085 Jun 1987 EP
0 418 607 Mar 1991 EP
0 485 657 May 1992 EP
0 617 938 Oct 1994 EP
0 638 301 Feb 1995 EP
0 465 601 Jan 1997 EP
0 762 860 Mar 1997 EP
0 651 983 Sep 1998 EP
0 777 504 Oct 1998 EP
0 688 189 Sep 2000 EP
0 670 705 May 2001 EP
0 853 950 Oct 2002 EP
1 320 342 Jun 2003 EP
1 088 569 Aug 2003 EP
1 219 311 Jul 2004 EP
1 018 967 Aug 2004 EP
1 614 789 Jan 2006 EP
1 440 667 Mar 2006 EP
1 284 777 Apr 2006 EP
0 620 720 Nov 2006 EP
1 772 160 Jun 2009 EP
2 214 728 Aug 2010 EP
2 279 016 Feb 2011 EP
2 366 721 Sep 2011 EP
2 341 955 Dec 2012 EP
2 567 717 Mar 2013 EP
2 594 299 May 2013 EP
2 601 984 Jun 2013 EP
2 623 137 Aug 2013 EP
1163907 Oct 1958 FR
821959 Oct 1956 GB
821959 Oct 1959 GB
1063066 Mar 1967 GB
1224009 Mar 1971 GB
2085305 Jan 1985 GB
2195255 Apr 1988 GB
2329127 Mar 1999 GB
2305610 Jul 1999 GB
2357286 Nov 2003 GB
2389794 Dec 2003 GB
2365350 Aug 2004 GB
2423019 Aug 2006 GB
H02-139624 Nov 1990 JP
H02-139625 Nov 1990 JP
H06-339495 Dec 1994 JP
H11-056900 Mar 1999 JP
2004-000465 Jan 2004 JP
WO 199010424 Sep 1990 WO
WO 199210983 Jul 1992 WO
WO 199213713 Aug 1992 WO
WO 199300056 Jan 1993 WO
WO 199420041 Sep 1994 WO
WO 199514451 Jun 1995 WO
WO 199601731 Jan 1996 WO
WO 199624316 Aug 1996 WO
WO 199711658 Apr 1997 WO
WO 199743991 Nov 1997 WO
WO 199838955 Sep 1998 WO
WO 200007653 Feb 2000 WO
WO 200061206 Oct 2000 WO
WO 200149233 Jul 2001 WO
WO 200205737 Jan 2002 WO
WO 200226180 Apr 2002 WO
WO 200239940 May 2002 WO
WO 200241878 May 2002 WO
WO 200245761 Jun 2002 WO
WO 2002091965 Nov 2002 WO
WO 2002092783 Nov 2002 WO
WO 2003051409 Jun 2003 WO
WO 2003072748 Sep 2003 WO
WO 2003086232 Oct 2003 WO
WO 2004018020 Mar 2004 WO
WO 2005009488 Feb 2005 WO
WO 2006099137 Sep 2006 WO
WO 2006130594 Dec 2006 WO
WO 2007075379 Jul 2007 WO
WO 2008039839 Apr 2008 WO
WO 2008040681 Apr 2008 WO
WO 2008064502 Jun 2008 WO
WO 2008064503 Jun 2008 WO
WO 2008104609 Sep 2008 WO
WO 2008141228 Nov 2008 WO
WO 2009011856 Jan 2009 WO
WO 2009021523 Feb 2009 WO
WO 2009070905 Jun 2009 WO
WO 2009112848 Sep 2009 WO
WO 2010010398 Jan 2010 WO
WO 2010016791 Feb 2010 WO
WO 2010033271 Mar 2010 WO
WO 2010033574 Mar 2010 WO
WO 2010033613 Mar 2010 WO
WO 2010051068 May 2010 WO
WO 2010072309 Jul 2010 WO
WO 2010075178 Jul 2010 WO
WO 2010097570 Sep 2010 WO
WO 2011106722 Sep 2011 WO
WO 2012138514 Oct 2012 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (32)
Entry
Declaration of Nadeem Bridi submitted in the Opposition against EP 2 395 957, dated Jan. 25, 2017, in 1 page.
KCI USA, Inc., “V.A.C. Therapy Safety Information”, leaflet, 2008.
Notice of Opposition—Statement of Facts and Evidence, re European Patent No. EP 2 395 957 dated Jan. 27, 2017, in 11 pages.
“Hydrocolloids,” J. of Wound Care, vol. 1, No. 2, (Jul.-Aug. 1992), pp. 27-30.
Alexander, J. Wesley, et al., Clinical Evaluation of Epigard, A New Synthetic Substitute for Homograft and Heterograft Skin, The Journal of Trauma, vol. 13, No. 4, 1973, pp. 374-383.
Application for Modification to HCPCS Level II Code Set in the 2005-2006 Coding Cycle. Www.cms.hhs.gov/medicare/hcpcs/.
Bagautdinov, N. A., “Variant of External Vacuum Aspiration in the Treatment of Purulent Diseases of Soft Tissues,” in current Problems in Modern Clinical Surgery: Interdepartmental Collection, edited by V. Ye. Volkov et al. (Chuvashia State University, Cheboksary, USSR 1986) pp. 94-96 (with English translation).
Barker et al., “Vacuum Pack Technique of Temporary Abdominal Closure”; J. of Traumatic Injury, Infection, and Critical Care, vol. 48, No. 2 (2000).
Blumberg, et al., The Effect of Specific Compression on Soft-Tissue Response to Formalinized PVA (Ivalon) Sponge: A Critical Evaluation, Annals Surg., Mar. 1960, 151(3), 409-418.
Boland E.D. et al. Utilizing acid pre-treatment and electrospinning to improve biocompatibility poly(glycolic acid) for tissue engineering. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B: Appl Biomater 71B 144-152, 2004.
Boland et al., “Tailoring Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Using Electrostatic Processing Techniques: A Study of Poly(Glycolic Acid) Electrospinning” Journal of Macromolecular Science A. Pure and Applied Chemistry, A38(12), 1231-1243 (2001).
Brock, W.B., et al.: “Temporary closure of open abdominal wounds: the vacuum pack”, Am. Surg. Jan. 1995; 61(1)30-5—abstract.
Fleischmann, W., et al. “Vacuum Sealing for Treatment of Soft Tissue Injury in Open Fractures,” Emergency Surgery (1993) 96:488-492.
Garner et al., “Vacuum-assisted wound closure provides early fascial reapproximation in trauma patients with open abdomens,” Am. J. of Surgery 1282 (2001) 630-638.
Harris, “A new technique of skin grafting using Stei-Greffe and a self-adhering foam pad,” Brit. J. of Plastic Surg., vol. 34, No. 2, (Apr. 1981), pp. 181-185.
International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/GB2010/000228, dated May 12, 2010 in 6 pages.
Jeter, K. et al., “Managing Draining Wounds and Fistulae: New and Established Methods” Chronic Wound Care pp. 240-246, 1990.
KCI Licensing, “V.A.C. Abdominal Dressing System Advanced Management of the Open Abdomen,” 2004.
KCI V.A.C. Simplace Dressing Brochure 2008, in 2 pages.
Ma, Peter X. Scaffolds for tissue fabrication. Materials Today, Review, May 2004.
Middleton, J., A. Tipton (Mar. 1998). “Synthetic biodegradable polymers as medical devices” (HTML). Medical Plastics and Biomaterials Magazine.
Navsaria, et al.: “Temporary closure of open abdominal wounds by the modified sandwich-vacuum pack technique”, British Journal of Surgery 2003; 90: 718-722.
Nicholas, J.M., Options for Management of the Open Abdomen, Presentation from Emory University School of Medicine, 66 pgs. Invited Speaker American College of Surgeons 32nd Annual Spring Meeting, General Session 12—Presentation and Panel Discussion on The Open Abdomen in General Surgery—How Do You Close the Abdomen When You Can't—Bostom Marriott Copley Place Hotel, Boston, MA Apr. 26, 2004.
Orgill, D.P., et al., Guidelines for Treatment of Complex Chest Wounds with Negative Pressure Wound Therapy, Wounds, A Compendium of Clinical Research and Practice, Suppl. B, Dec. 2004, 1-23.
Schein et al., “The ‘Sandwich Technique’ in the Management of the Open Abdomen,” British Journal of Surger, 1986, vol. 73, May, pp. 369-370.
Smith, et al.; Vacuum Pack Technique of Temporary Abdominal Closure: A Four-Year Experience; The American Surgeon; Dec. 1997; p. 1102-1108; vol. 63, No. 12.
Solovev, V.A. “Treatment and Prevention of Suture Failures after Gastric Resection” (Dissertation Abstract) (S.M. Kirov Gorky State Medical Institute, Gorky USSR 1988).
Stewart, Joanne, Ph.D., World Wide Wounds—Next generation of products for wound management—2002 (13 pages).
Bevan, D. et al., “Diverse and potent activities of HGF/SF in skin wound repair”, Journal of Pathology, vol. 203, 2004, pp. 831-838, in 8 pages.
Hougaard, H. et al., “The open abdomen: temporary closure with a modified negative pressure therapy technique,” International Wound Journal, 2014, pp. 13-16, ISSN 1742-4801, in 4 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability, re PCT Application No. PCT/GB2010/000228, dated Aug. 25, 2011.
Mitchell, R. et al., “Role of Stem Cells in Tissue Homeostasis”, Pocket Companion to Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th Edition, 2006, in 3 pages.
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20160367736 A1 Dec 2016 US
Continuations (2)
Number Date Country
Parent 14328323 Jul 2014 US
Child 15187558 US
Parent 13201427 US
Child 14328323 US