Patent Application
20050226135
This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-118345, filed Apr. 13, 2004, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a write-once information recording medium capable of recording and reproducing information by short wavelength laser light such as blue laser light.
2. Description of the Related Art
As personal computers or the like are used commonly, recently, importance of media for storing digital data is increasing. At the present, information recording media for digitally recording and reproducing video and audio information for a long time are widely distributed. Also in mobile appliances such as cell phones, information recording media for digital recording and reproduction are used.
As this kind of information recording medium, in particular, the disk type is used widely because it is large in information recording capacity, high in random access performance capable of searching desired recorded information quickly, small in size, light in weight, excellent in storing and carrying property, and economical and inexpensive.
Among such disk type information recording media, at the present, a so-called optical disk is in the mainstream owing to the benefits of contact-free recording and reproducing of information only by emission of laser light. The optical disks mainly conform to the compact disk (CD) standard and the digital versatile disk (DVD) standard, and these standards are compatible.
Optical disks are classified in three types: a read-only type not allowed to record information such as CD-DA (digital audio), CD-ROM (read only memory), DVD-V (video) and DVD-ROM; a write-once type allowed to write information only once such as CD-R (recordable) and DVD-R; and a rewritable type allowed to write information as many times as desired such as CD-RW (rewritable) and DVD-RW.
Among recordable disks, the write-once type optical disk using an organic pigment in a recording layer is most widely distributed because it is low in manufacturing cost. When the information recording capacity is over 700 megabytes (MB), it is hardly required to erase the recorded information and write new information, and indeed it is enough to record data only once.
In the write-once type optical disk using an organic pigment in a recording layer, laser light is emitted to recording regions (tracks) defined by grooves, a resin substrate is heated at the glass transition point Tg or more; and an organic pigment film in the grooves is pyrolyzed to cause negative pressure. As a result, the resin substrate is deformed within the groove, and thereby a recording mark is formed.
As the organic pigment for use in a CD-R of which wavelength of laser light for recording and reproducing is about 780 nm, representative examples are phthalocyanine pigments such as IRGAPHOR Ultragreen MX of Ciba Specialty Chemicals. As the organic pigment for use in a DVD-R of which wavelength of laser light for recording and reproducing is about 650 nm, representative examples are azo metal complex pigments of Mitsubishi Chemical Media.
In the next-generation optical disk for realizing recording and reproduction of higher density and higher performance as compared with the existing optical disk, blue laser light of wavelength of about 405 nm is used as laser light for recording and reproducing. Using light of such shorter wavelength, however, an organic pigment capable of obtaining practically sufficient recording and reproducing characteristic has not been known yet.
That is, in the existing optical disk for recording and reproducing by using infrared ray laser light or red laser light, it is general to use an organic pigment having maximum absorption at the shorter wavelength side from the wavelength of laser light for recording and reproducing (780 nm, 650 nm). Accordingly, in the existing optical disk, the light reflectivity of the recording mark portion formed by irradiation with laser light is lower than the light reflectivity before irradiation with laser light, that is, H (high) to L (low) characteristic is realized.
By contrast, when recording or reproducing by using blue laser light, an organic pigment material having maximum absorption at the shorter wavelength side from the wavelength of laser light for recording and reproducing (405 nm), not only the stability and storage durability in ultraviolet rays are poor, but also stability in heat is low, and the contrast and resolution of the recording mark are low.
Since oozing of the recording mark is also significant, adjacent tracks may be also disturbed, and the cross light characteristic is likely to deteriorate. Further, the recording sensitivity drops, and it is hard to obtain a sufficient signal-to-noise (SN) ratio of a reproduced signal or a bit error rate.
In the condition not to allow recording of information in an adjacent track, a certain recording density may be obtained, but once information is recorded in an adjacent track, cross light to the adjacent track is significant. Therefore, the SN ratio of the reproduced signal is low, the bit error rate is high, and it is far from the practical level.
Patent document 1 (Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 2002-74740) discloses an optical recording medium in which the maximum absorption of an organic pigment compound contained in a recording layer is at longer wavelength than the wavelength of writing light. The patent document 1, however, discloses nothing about the composition of an organic material and specifically obtained characteristic. That is, by selecting a specific organic material, nothing is mentioned about the feature of improving the performance of an optical disk itself, such as changes of light reflectivity before and after laser light irradiation, an SN ratio of a reproduced signal, and a bit error rate, and a disk cannot be manufactured actually by using an organic material.
A write-once information recording medium according to one embodiment of the invention comprises: a transparent substrate having concentric or spiral grooves formed therein; and a recording film formed on the grooves on the transparent substrate, wherein the recording groove has an anion portion and a cation portion, being formed of one organic pigment of which maximum absorption wavelength region from the wavelength of short wavelength laser light to be emitted to the recording film is present at the longer wavelength side, a recording mark is formed on the recording film by irradiation with short wavelength laser light, and the recording mark has a higher light reflectivity than the light reflectivity of the recording film before irradiation with the short wavelength laser light.
Referring now to the drawings, one embodiment of the invention will be described below. A write-once information recording medium explained in the embodiment has a transparent resin substrate formed in a disk form by using a synthetic resin material such as polycarbonate. Concentric or spiral grooves are formed in the transparent resin substrate. The transparent resin substrate is manufactured by injection molding by using a stamper.
A recording film containing an organic pigment is formed on the transparent resin substrate so as to fill up its grooves. The organic pigment for forming the recording film is characterized by its maximum absorption wavelength region shifted to the longer wavelength side from the recording wavelength (405 nm). Although the absorption is not extinguished in the recording wavelength region, it is designed to have a considerable light absorption.
Accordingly, when the track before recording information is focused or tracked by a recording laser light, the light reflectivity is low. By laser light, decomposition reaction of the pigment occurs, light absorption rate is lowered, and hence the light reflectivity in a recording mark portion is raised. As a result, the light reflectivity in the recording mark portion formed by irradiation with light is higher than the light reflectivity before irradiation with laser light, that is, a so-called L-to-H characteristic is realized.
By the generated heat, meanwhile, the transparent resin substrate may be deformed, especially in the groove bottom. In this case, phase difference may occur in the reflected light.
The organic pigment is dissolved in a solvent to obtained a liquid, which can be easily applied on the transparent resin substrate surface by a spin coating method. In this case, by controlling the dilution factor by the solvent and the number of rotations during spin coating, the film thickness can be controlled at high precision.
The organic pigment is composed of a pigment portion (cation portion) and a paired ion (anion) portion. As the pigment portion, for example, a cyanine pigment or a styryl pigment may be used. In particular, the cyanine pigment and styryl pigment are preferred because it is easy to control the absorption rate in relation to the recording wavelength.
In particular, a monomethine cyanine pigment having a monomethine chain is preferred because, when the recording film applied on the transparent resin substrate is formed in a thin film, the absorbance in the maximum absorption and recording wavelength region (400 nm to 405 nm) can be easily adjusted to about 0.3 to 0.5, preferably about 0.4, that is, the transmissivity can be adjusted to about 0.7 to 0.5, preferably about 0.6. Hence, the recording and reproducing characteristic can be improved, and both light reflectivity and recording sensitivity can be both designed favorably.
The organic pigment of the invention is composed of a negatively charged anion portion and a positively charged cation portion. In the short wavelength laser light such as blue laser light, the cation portion in the organic pigment of the invention is substantially an atomic group exhibiting a substantial light absorbing ability, that is, a pigment portion. Thus, in the following explanation, the cation portion may be also called the “pigment portion”.
The anion portion is preferably an organic metal complex from the viewpoint of light stability. The organic metal complex mainly composed of metal such as cobalt and nickel is particularly excellent in light stability.
An azo metal complex is most favorable. The solubility is excellent by using 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propanol (TFP) as a solvent, and a solution for spin coating can be prepared easily. Further, since recycling after spin coating is also possible, the manufacturing cost of the optical disk can be lowered.
The disk substrate coated with the organic pigment thin film after spin coating is heated by hot plate or clean oven to temperature of about 80° C. to dry the pigment, and a metal thin plate as a light reflective film is formed on the thin film by sputtering. As the metal reflective film material, for example, Au, Ag, Cu, Al, or their alloys may be used.
Thereafter, by spin coating of ultraviolet curing resin on the metal film, a disk substrate for protection is glued, and a write-once type optical disk is manufactured as a write-once information recording medium.
General formula 1 shows a general formula of the styryl pigment as the pigment portion of Pigments A and C, and general formula 2 shows a general formula of the azo metal oxide as the anion portion of Pigments A and C. General formula 3 shows a general formula of the monomethine cyanine pigment as the pigment portion of Pigment D, and general formula 4 shows a general formula of the azo metal oxide as the anion portion of Pigment D.
General Formula 1:
In general formula 1 of the styryl pigment, Z3 represents an aromatic ring, and the aromatic ring may have a substituent. Y31 represents a carbon atom or a hetero atom. R31, R32 and R33 represent mutually same or different aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals, and these aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals may have substituents. R34 and R35 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a proper substituent, and when Y31 is a hetero atom, either one or both of R34 and R35 are absent.
General Formula 2:
In general formula 2, A and A′ represent mutually same or different complex rings, containing one or more hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, and a tellurium atom. R21 to R24 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a proper substituent. Y21 and Y22 represent mutually same or different hetero atoms selected from the elements of group XVI in the periodic table.
General Formula 3:
In general formula 3, in the general formula of the monomethine cyanine pigment, Z1 and Z2 represent mutually same or different aromatic rings, and these aromatic rings may have substituents. Y11 and Y12 independently represent a carbon atom or a hetero atom. R11 and R12 represent aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals, and these aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals may have substituents. R13, R14, R15, and R16 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a proper substituent, and when Y11 and Y12 are hetero atoms, either part or all of R13, R14, R15, and R16 are absent.
General Formula 4:
In general formula 4, A and A′ represent mutually same or different complex rings, containing one or more hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, and a tellurium atom. R21 to R24 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a proper substituent. Y21 and Y22 represent mutually same or different hetero atoms selected from the elements of group XVI in the periodic table.
The monomethine cyanine pigment used in the embodiment is any one of mutually same or different pigment having one or more substituents at both ends of the monomethine chain possibly having one or more substituents, including pigments coupled with ring nucleus such as an imidazoline ring, an imidazole ring, a benzimidazole ring, an alpha-naphthoimidazole ring, a beta-naphthoimidazole ring, an indole ring, an isoindole ring, an indorenin ring, an isoindorenin ring, a benzoindorenin ring, a pyridinoindorenin ring, an oxazoline ring, an oxazole ring, an iso-oxazole ring, a benzo-oxazole ring, a pyridino-oxazole ring, an alpha-naphtho-oxazole ring, a beta-naphtho-oxazole ring, a selenazoline ring, a selenazole ring, a benzoselenazole ring, an alpha-naphthoselenazole ring, a beta-naphthoselenazole ring, a thiazoline ring, a thiazole ring, an isothiazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, an alpha-naphthothiazole ring, a beta-naphthothiazole ring, a tellurazoline ring, a tellurazole ring, a benzotellurazole ring, an alpha-naphthotellurazole ring, a beta-naththotellurazole ring, and further, an acrylidine ring, an anthracene ring, an isoquinoline ring, an isopyrrole ring, an imidanoxaline ring, an indandione ring, an indazole ring, an indaline ring, an oxadiazole ring, a carbazole ring, a xanthene ring, a xanazoline ring, a quinoxaline ring, a quinoline ring, a couromane ring, a cyclohexanedione ring, a cyclopenetanedione ring, a cinnoline ring, a thiodiazole ring, a thio-oxazolidone ring, a thiophene ring, a thionaphthene ring, a thiobarbituric acid ring, a thiohydantoin ring, a tetrazole ring, a triazine ring, a naphthalene ring, a naphthyridine ring, a piperazine ring, a pyradine ring, a pyrazole ring, a pyrazoline ring, a pyrazolidine ring, a pyrazolone ring, a pyrane ring, a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyririum ring, a pyrrolidine ring, a pyrophosphate ring, a pyrrole ring, a phenadine ring, a phenanthridine ring, a phenanthrene ring, a phenanthrophosphate ring, a phthalazine ring, a preryzine ring, a furazane ring, a furan ring, a purin ring, a benzene ring, a benzo-oxazine ring, a benzopyrane ring, a morpholine ring and a rhodanine ring.
In the general formulas of the monomethine cyanine pigment and styryl pigment, Z1 to Z3 represent, for example, aromatic rings such as a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a pyridine ring, a quinoline ring, and a quinoxaline ring, and these aromatic rings may have one or plural substituents. Examples of the substituents include aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals such as a methyl radical, a trifluoromethyl radical, an ethyl radical, a propyl radical, an isopropyl radical, a butyl radical, an isobutyl radical, a sec-butyl radical, a tert-butyl radical, a pentyl radical, an isopentyl radical, a neopentyl radical, a tert-pentyl radical, a 1-methyl pentyl radical, a 2-methyl pentyl radical, a hexyl radical, an isohexyl radical, a 5-methyl hexyl radical, a heptyl radical and an octyl radical; alicyclic hydrocarbon radicals such as a cyclopropyl radical, a cyclobutyl radical, a cyclopentyl radical and a cyclohexyl radical; aromatic hydrocarbon radicals such as a phenyl radical, a biphenylyl radical, an o-tolyl radical, an m-tolyl radical, a p-tolyl radical, a xylyl radical, a methycyl radical, an o-cumenyl radical, an m-cumenyl radical and a p-cumenyl radical; ether radicals such as a methoxy radical, a trifluoromethoxy radical, an ethoxy radical, a propoxy radical, an isopropoxy radical, a butoxy radical, a sec-butoxy radical, a tert-butoxy radical, a pentyloxy radical, a phenoxy radical and a benzoyloxy radical; ester radicals such as a methoxycarbonyl radical, a trifluoromethoxy carbonyl radical, an ethoxycarbonyl radical, a propoxycarbonyl radical, an acetoxy radical and a benzoyl oxy radical; halogen radicals such as a fluoro radical, a chloro radical, a bromo radical and an iodo radical; thio radicals such as a methylthio radical, an ehtylthio radical, a propylthio radical, a butylthio radical and a phenylthio radical; sulfamoyl radicals such as a methyl sulfamoyl radical, a dimethyl sulfamoyl radical, an ethyl sulfamoyl radical, a diethyl sufamoyl radical, a propyl sulfamoyl radical, a dipropyl sulfamoyl radical, a butyl sulfamoyl radical and a dibutyl sulfamoyl radical; amino radicals such as a primary amino radical, a methylamino radical, a dimethylamino radical, an ethylamino radical, a diethylamino radical, a propylamino radical, a dipropylamino radical, an isopropylamino radical, a diisopropylamino radical, a butylamino radical, a dibutylamino radical and a piperidino radical; carbamoyl radicals such as a methyl carbamoyl radical, a dimethyl carbamoyl radical, an ethyl carbamoyl radical, a diethyl carbamoyl radical, a propyl carbamoyl radical and a dipropyl carbamoyl radical; and further, a hydroxyl radical, a carboxy radical, a cyano radical, a nitro radical, a sulfino radical, a sulfo radical, a mesyl radical, etc. In general formula 3, Z1 and Z2 may be either mutually same or different.
In the general formulas of the monomethine cyanine pigment and styryl pigment, Y11, Y12, and Y31 represent carbon atoms or hetero atoms. The hetero atoms include a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, and a tellurium atom, and other atoms selected from the elements of groups XV and XVI in the periodic table. The carbon atom in Y11, Y12, and Y31 may be an atomic group mainly comprising two carbon atoms such as an ethylene radical and a vinylene radical. In the general formula of the monomethine cyanine pigment, Y11 and Y12 may be either mutually same or different.
In the general formulas of the monomethine cyanine pigment and styryl pigment, R11, R12, R13, R32, and R33 represent aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals. Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals include a methyl radical, an ethyl radical, a propyl radical, an isopropyl radical, an isopropenyl radical, a 1-propenyl radical, a 2-propenyl radical, a butyl radical, an isobutyl radical, a sec-butyl radical, a tert-butyl radical, a 2-butenyl radical, a 1,3-butadienyl radical, a pentyl radical, an isopentyl radical, a neopentyl radical, a tert-pentyl radical, a 1-methylpentyl radical, a 2-methylpentyl radical, a 2-pentenyl radical, a hexyl radical, an isohexyl radical, a 5-methylhexyl radical, a peptyl radical, an octyl radical, and others. These aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals may have one or plural substituents same as in Z1 to Z3.
Incidentally, R11 and R12 in the general formula of the monomethine cyanine pigment, and R12, R32, and R33 in the general formula of the styryl pigment may be either mutually same or different.
In the general formulas of the monomethine cyanine pigment and styryl pigment, R13 to R16, R34, and R35 represent hydrogen atoms or proper substituents, independently in the individual formulas. Examples of the substituents include aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals such as a methyl radical, a trifluoromethyl radical, an ethyl radical, a propyl radical, an isopropyl radical, a butyl radical, an isobutyl radical, a sec-butyl radical, a tert-butyl radical, a pentyl radical, an isopentyl radical, a neopentyl radical, a tert-pentyl radical, a 1-methyl pentyl radical, a 2-methyl pentyl radical, a hexyl radical, an isohexyl radical, a 5-methyl hexyl radical, a heptyl radical and an octyl radical; ether radicals such as a methoxy radical, a trifluoromethoxy radical, an ethoxy radical, a propoxy radical, a butoxy radical, a tert-butoxy radical, a pentyloxy radical, a phenoxy radical and a benzoyloxy radical; halogen radicals such as a fluoro radical, a chloro radical, a bromo radical and an iodo radical; and further, a hydroxy radical, a carboxy radical, a cyano radical, and a nitro radical. In the general formulas of the monomethine cyanine pigment and styryl pigment, if Y11, Y12, and Y31 are hetero atoms, part or all of R13 to R16 in Z1 and Z2, and part or all of R34 and R35 in Z3 are absent.
In the general formula of the azo metal complex, A and A′ represent mutually same or different complex ring radicals of five rings to ten rings, containing one or more hetero atoms selected from a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, and a tellurium atom, such as a furyl radical, a thienyl radical, a pyridyl radical, a piperidino radical, a piperidyl radical, a quinolyl radical, and an iso-oxazolyl radical. The complex ring radical has one or more substituents, such as aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals such as a methyl radical, a trifluoromethyl radical, an ethyl radical, a propyl radical, an isopropyl radical, a butyl radical, an isobutyl radical, a sec-butyl radical, a tert-butyl radical, a pentyl radical, an isopentyl radical, a neopentyl radical, a tert-pentyl radical, a 1-methyl pentyl radical, a 2-methyl pentyl radical, a hexyl radical, an isohexyl radical and a 5-methyl hexyl radical; ester radicals such as a methoxycarbonyl radical, a trifluoromethoxy carbonyl radical, an ethoxycarbonyl radical, a propoxycarbonyl radical, an acetoxy radical, a trifluoroacetoxy radical and a benzoyl oxy radical; aromatic hydrocarbon radicals such as a phenyl radical, a biphenylyl radical, an o-tolyl radical, a m-tolyl radical, a p-tolyl radical, an o-cumenyl radical, an m-cumenyl radical, a p-cumenyl radical, a xylyl radical, a mesityl radical, a styryl radical, a cinnamoyl radical and a naphtyl radical; and further, a carboxy radical, a hydroxy radical, a cyano radical, and a nitro radical.
Specific examples of the styryl pigment of the invention include those expressed by chemical formula 1 or 2. These styryl pigments can be obtained by the method conforming to the method disclosed in Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 2002-206061 (Title of the invention: Styryl pigment) and published patent No. WO01-40382 (Title of the invention: Styryl pigment).
Chemical Formula 1:
Chemical Formula 2:
Specific examples of a formazan metal complex in the invention include those expressed by chemical formula 3. The formazan metal complex is obtained by the method conforming to the method disclosed in published patent No. WO00-075111 (Title of the invention: Formazan metal complex).
Chemical Formula 3:
Specific examples of a cyanine pigment in the invention include those expressed by chemical formulas 4 to 11.
Chemical Formula 4:
Chemical Formula 5:
Chemical Formula 6:
Chemical Formula 7:
Chemical Formula 8:
Chemical Formula 9:
Chemical Formula 10:
Chemical Formula 11:
The monomethine cyanine pigment of the invention can be obtained at high yield by reaction between the compound expressed by general formula 5 having Z1, Z2, R11, and R12 corresponding to general formula 3, and the compound expressed by general formula 6 having R21 to R24 corresponding to general formula 4. In general formula 5, X1 represents a proper anion including inorganic acid ions such as fluorine ion, chlorine ion, bromine ion, iodine ion, fluoric acid ion, chloric acid ion, bromic acid ion, iodic acid ion, perchloric acid ion, phosphoric acid ion, phosphoric hexafluoride ion, antimonic hexafluride ion, stannic hexafluoride ion, hydrogen borofluoride ion, and boric tetrafluoride ion; and organic acid ions such as thiocyanic acid ion, benzene sulfonic acid ion, naphthalene sulfonic acid ion, naphthalene disulfonic acid ion, benzene carboxylic acid ion, alkyl carboxylic acid ion, trihaloalkyl carboxylic acid ion, alkyl sulfuric acid ion, trihaloalkyl sulfuric acid ion, nicotinic acid ion, and tetracyano quinodimethane ion. X2 in general formula 6 represents a proper cation, including onium ions such as alkyl ammonium ion, pyridinium ion, and quinolinium ion.
General Formula 5:
General Formula 6:
In the operation of synthesis, proper amounts of compounds expressed by general formulas 5 and 6 are put into a reaction container, dissolved in a proper if necessary, and heated and agitated by heating reflux or the like, and reaction takes place at ambient temperature or a slightly higher temperature than ambient temperature.
Various solvents may be used, for example, hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, petroleum ether, octane, petroleum benzine, iso-octane, benzene, toluene, and xylene; halides such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dibromoethane, trichlorethylene, tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, and alpha-dichlorobenzenne; alcohols and phenols such as methanol, ethanol, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, isobutyl alcohol, isopentyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 2-methoxy ethanol, 3-ethoxy ethanol, phenol, benzyl alcohol, cresol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and glycerin; ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, 1,4-dioxane, annisol, 1,2-dimethoxy ethane, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6, methyl carbitol, and ethyl carbitol; acids and acid derivatives such as acetic acid, acetic anhydride, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, formamide, N-methyl formamide, hexamethyl phosphoric acid triamide, and triethyl phosphate; nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, succinonitrile, and benzonitrile; nitro compounds such as nitromethane and nitrobenzene; compounds containing sulfur such as dimethyl sulfoxide and sulforane; and water, which may be used alone or combined properly as required.
When using a solvent, generally, as the amount of the solvent increases, the efficiency of reaction drops, or when the amount is small, it may be hard to heat and agitate uniformly, or side reaction is likely to occur. Therefore, the amount of the solvent should be preferably controlled within 100 times by weight, usually 5 to 50 times. Although variable with the type of material compound and reaction condition, usually, the reaction completes within 10 hours, mostly within 5 hours. The progress of reaction can be monitored by thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, or other general method. A desired amount of the cyanine pigment of the invention can be obtained by this method or any conforming method. The compounds expressed by general formulas 5 and 6 can be obtained by the method conforming to the method disclosed in “Photosensitive pigment,” edited by Masaaki Hayami, Oct. 17, 1997, Sangyo Tosho KK., pp. 24-30, or when a commercial product is available, it may be used, as required, by refining.
The azo compound composing the azo organic metal oxide expressed in the general formula is prepared by ordinary method, by reaction between a diazonium salt having R21, R22, or R23, R24 corresponding to the general formula, and a complex ring compound having an active methylene radical adjacent to a carboxyl radical in the molecule, for example, an iso-oxazolone compound, an oxazolone compound, a thionaphthene compound, a pyrazolone compound, a barbituric acid compound, a hydantoin compound, and a rhodanine compound. Y21 and Y22 are mutually same or different hetero atoms selected from the elements of group XVI in the periodic table, such as an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, and a tellurium atom.
The azo metal complex expressed in the general formula is used in a form of metal complex, usually one or a plurality being coordinated in the metal (central atom). Examples of the metal element as a central atom include scandium, yttrium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, lutenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, and mercury, and cobalt is most preferable.
The absorbance is the value measured by monitoring the laser light intensity transmitted from the pigment side, by emitting laser light from a substrate side, in a state of a pigment solution applied on the optical disk substrate surface formed and duplicated same as in the embodiment described below, that is, with a thin film layer of the pigment formed on the disk substrate. Absorbance A is expressed as A=−log10 (I/I0), where I0 is incident laser light intensity, and I is transmitted laser light intensity. In
A portion (a) of
A portion (a) of
As clear from the characteristics shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in Pigments A to D, the maximum absorption wavelength region is shifted to the longer wavelength side from the recording wavelength (405 nm). The write-once type optical disk of the embodiment contains the organic pigment having such characteristic in the recording film, and is designed to have the so-called L-to-H characteristic so that the light reflectivity after laser light irradiation may be higher than the light reflectivity before laser light irradiation. Therefore, by using short wavelength laser light such as blue laser light, it is excellent in storage durability, reproduced signal SN ratio, and bit error rate, and information can be recorded and reproduced at high density and performance at a sufficiently practical level.
That is, this write-once type optical disk has the maximum absorption wavelength of the recording film including the organic pigment shifted to the longer wavelength side from the wavelength of laser light for recording, and hence can suppress small the absorbance of light of shorter wavelength such as ultraviolet ray, so that it is excellent in light stability and high in reliability in information recording reproduction.
At the moment of recording of information, since the light reflectivity is low, cross light due to reflection and diffusion does not occur. Thus, even if information is recorded in the adjacent track, the reproduced signal SN ratio and bit error rate hardly deteriorate. Concerning heat, further, the contrast and resolution of the recording mark can be maintained at high quality, and the recording sensitivity can be designed easily.
In order to obtain a favorable L-to-H characteristic, the absorbance at recording wavelength (405 nm) is preferred to be 0.3 or more, that is, the transmissivity is 0.7 or less. More preferably, the absorbance should be 0.4 or more, that is, the transmissivity 0.6 or less.
In the write-once type optical disk, the shape of the groove as the recording and reproducing track is very important for the recording and reproducing characteristic. As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, in particular, the relation of the groove width and land width is found to be important.
When the groove width is same as the land width or smaller than the land width, the reproduced signal SN ratio and bit error rate in recorded information tend to deteriorate. In other words, a favorable recording and reproducing characteristic can be obtained when the groove width is larger than the land width.
Generally, to record information in a writable optical disk, it is required to record various address information such as a track number, a sector number, a segment number, and an ECC (error checking and correcting) block address, preliminarily in the optical disk.
Means for recording such address information can be realized by wobbling the groove in the radial direction of the optical disk. That is, recording of address information by wobbling can be realized by means for modulating the wobble frequency corresponding to the address information, means for modulating the wobble amplitude corresponding to the address information, means for modulating the wobble phase corresponding to the address information, or means for modulating the wobble polarity inverting interval corresponding to the address information. Not limited to the wobble groove, means for using also the height changes of the land, or means for burying pre-pits in the land may be also used.
The wobble amplitude of the groove, and the groove depth are also found to have serious effects on the recording and reproducing characteristic.
The organic pigment of the invention has an excellent light resistance to natural light, artificial light and other environmental light, but does not exclude combined use with one or plural light resistance improving agents (quenchers), as required, for the purpose of suppressing color fading, deterioration, degeneration, or decomposition of the organic pigment by singlet oxygen or the like possibly generated by irradiation with laser light. The light resistance improving agent to be used with the organic pigment includes an amine compound, a carotin compound, a sulfide compound, and a phenol compound disclosed in published patent No. WO00/075111, “Coloring material engineering handbook” edited by Coloring Material Society, first edition, pp. 1274-1282, Asakura Shoten, Nov. 25, 1989, “Dyes and chemicals” by Masahiro Shinkai et al., Vol. 37, No. 7, pp. 185-197, 1992, etc., and also an acetyl acetonate chelate system, a salicyl aldehyde oxime system, a diimmonium system, a dithiol system, a thiocatechonal chelate system, a thiobis phenol chelate system, a bisdithio-alpha-diketone chelate, a formazan system, other transition metal chelate, and other metal oxide. As required, they may be combined properly. Among them, from the viewpoint of improvement of light resistance of the organic pigment and mixed state with the organic pigment of the invention, metal complexes of formazan system and dithiol system are particularly preferred because a favorable amorphous solid matter can be formed. Although variable with applications, the amount of combined use of a light resistance improving agent is usually 1 mass % or more of the organic pigment, preferably increase or decreasing in a range of 3 to 30 mass %. When used together with the light resistance improving agent, the organic pigment of the invention is preliminarily mixed uniformly with the light resistance improving agent, and is applied to the substrate in a form of liquid composition, or it may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing so that the blending rate of the organic pigment and light resistance improvement agent on the substrate are set within a predetermined range, and is applied in a liquid form in the substrate.
Now, the above-mentioned embodiment will be explained with reference to Example. First, a disk damper for high density R disk is fabricated in the following procedure. That is, as shown in
The silicon wafer 11 is immersed in a mixed solution (liquid temperature 100° C.) of hot concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide water for 5 minutes. Then, the silicon wafer 11 is immersed and rinsed in superpurified water, cleaned ultrasonically, immersed in a hot superpurified water tank at 70° C., and is gradually lifted and dried.
Consequently, as shown in (b) of
In the spin coating condition, the silicon wafer 11 is put on a spin table by vacuum chuck, and while rotation of the spin table is stopped, 0.1 micron filter of the resist liquid 12 is dropped on the center of the silicon wafer 11, and the spin table is rotated at 2500 rpm.
Then, as shown in a portion (c) of
The recording condition of the groove pattern includes an electron beam acceleration voltage of 50 kV, a beam current of 120 nA, a beam diameter of 110 nm, and a recording linear speed of 1.1 m/sec. The recording region of the grooves 13 is a range of radius of the silicon wafer 11 of 23 mm to 59 mm.
After recording of the grooves 13, the silicon wafer 11 is taken out from the vacuum tank of the electron beam cutting machine, and by dip development by immersing in an organic developing solution 16 in an immersion tank 15 as shown in a portion (d) of
Next, as shown in a portion (e) of
Thereafter, as shown in a portion (a) of
Next, by using the disk stamper 19, a write-once type optical disk is manufactured. That is, as shown in
Then, as shown in a portion (c) of
In the spin coating condition of the recording film 24, first rotating and driving from the stopped state of the disk substrate 20 up to 300 rpm in 1 second, the state is held for 8 seconds, and the organic pigment solution 23 is applied from the dispenser 22. The rotating speed of the disk 20 is increased to 1800 rpm in 2 seconds, and the state is held for 15 seconds. Thereafter, the speed of the disk substrate 20 is increased to 3000 rpm in 2 seconds, and the state is held for 3 seconds.
By controlling the rotating speed in the second stage, the film thickness of the recording film 24 can be controlled. That is, when the rotating speed in the second stage is low, the thickness of the recording film 24 can be increased.
In consequence, the disk substrate 20 coated with the recording film 24 is put in a clean oven, and baked for 30 minutes at 80° C., and as shown in
Subsequently, as shown in
The write-once optical disk 28 thus fabricated receives, as shown in
In this case, a land 30 enclosed between a bottom 21a of the groove 21 formed in the disk substrate 20 and the adjacent groove 21 is an information recording track. The recording track formed by the bottom 21a of the groove 21 is called a groove track Gt, and the recording track formed by the land 30 is called a land track Lt.
The height difference of the groove track Gt from the land track Lt is called a groove depth Gh. As seen from nearly ½ of the groove depth Gh, the width of the groove track Gt is called a groove width Gw, and as seen from nearly ½ of the groove depth Gh, the width of the land track Lt is called a land width Lw.
As mentioned above, the groove track Gt is wobbled in order to record various address information. A portion (a) of
The monomethine cyanine pigment expressed by chemical formula 4 used in the invention is synthesized, for example, in the following procedure.
Putting 20 ml of acetonitrile in a reaction container, 2 g of compound expressed by chemical formula 12 and 3.5 g of the compound expressed by chemical formula 13 were added, and heated and refluxed for 20 minutes to promote reaction. After the solvent was distilled off from the reaction mixture, a proper amount of ethanol was added, and the mixture was further heated and refluxed for 30 minutes and cooled, thereby producing 3.9 g of bright dark violet crystals of the monomethine cyanine pigment expressed by chemical formula 3. Part of the crystals was sampled, thermal characteristic was evaluated by measuring the melting point and decomposition point by differential scanning calorimetry, and the cyanine pigment of this example presented a decomposition point that cannot be distinguished from the melting point around 245° C. When as absorption characteristic, the visible absorption spectrum in a methanol solution was measured by an ordinary method, the monomethine cyanine pigment of the example presented a principal maximum absorption in a violet to blue region near the wavelength of 447 nm (ε=6.94×104). Further, solubility in an organic solvent at 20° C. was investigated by an ordinary method, and the monomethine cyanine pigment of the example exhibited practically applicable solubility in organic solvents of an amide system, an alcohol system, a ketone system, a nitrile system, and a halogen system, such as chloroform, N,N-dimethyl formamide, methanol, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propanol, ethyl methyl ketone, acetonitrile, and chloroform. In a chloroform-d solution, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the monomethine cyanine pigment of the example was measured, and peaks were observed at the positions of chemical shift (ppm, TMS) of 0.51 (t, 6H), 0.83 (m, 4H), 0.97 (m, 4H), 1.64 (s, 12H), 2.93 (s, 6H), 3.38 (s, 6H), 3.62 (t, 4H), 5.40 (s, 1H), 6.82 (d, 2H), 7.26 to 7.49 (m, 8H), 8.00 (d, 2H), and 9.12 (s, 2H).
The monomethine cyanine pigment used in the invention may be slightly different in the preparing condition or yield depending on the structure, but a desired amount can be obtained the above method or conforming method including those expressed by chemical formulas 5 to 11, aside from those mentioned above.
Chemical formula 12:
Chemical formula 13:
Generation of the organic pigment solution 23 is explained. The organic pigment solution 23 is composed of 1.2 g of organic pigment powder dissolved in 100 ml of TFP, at dissolved concentration of 1.2% by weight. The dissolving condition in the solvent is application of ultrasonic waves for 30 minutes by putting the pigment powder in the solvent.
Using the four types of organic pigments expressed by chemical formulas 1 to 4, write-once type optical disks 28 are fabricated in the method mentioned above, and by recording and reproducing in the groove tracks Gt, evaluation test is executed. An evaluation apparatus is a Pulsetech optical disk evaluation apparatus.
In the test condition, the numerical aperture NA of an object lens of the optical head 29 is 0.65, the wavelength of laser light for recording and reproducing is 405 nm, and the linear speed in recording and reproducing is 6.61 m/sec. Recording signals are 8-12 modulated random data, and waveforms are recorded in a specific recording power and two types of bias powers 1 and 2 as shown in
The track pitch is 400 nm, the land width Lw is 1 while the groove width Gw is 1.1, the wobble amplitude of the groove track Gt is 14 nm, and the groove depth Gh is 90 nm. Recording of address information by wobble is wobble phase modulation.
Herein, as evaluation characteristic, three performances are measured: a carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) of a reproduced signal, a partial response signal to noise ratio (PRSNR), and a simulated bit error rate (SbER). The PRSNR definition and measuring method is mentioned in Annex H of DVD Specifications for High Density Read-Only Disc Part 1 Physical Specifications Version 0.9, described in a book purchased from DVD Format Logo Licensing Co. Preferably, PRSNR is preferably 15 or more. The SbER definition and measuring method is mentioned in Annex H of DVD Specifications for High Density Read-Only Disc Part 1 Physical Specifications Version 0.9, described in a book purchased from DVD Format Logo Licensing Co. Preferably, SbER is 5.0×10−5 or less.
Both PRSNR and SbER are measured in a state of recording information also in adjacent tracks.
By contrast, the write-once type optical disks 28 using the organic pigments in chemical formulas 2 and 4 are satisfactory in results. The write-once type optical disks 28 using the organic pigments in chemical formula 2 is excellent in measurement, but the write-once type optical disks 28 using the organic pigments in chemical formula 4 is far superior.
In the write-once type optical disks 28 using the organic pigments in chemical formula 4 of the best result of measurement is tested by evaluation of deterioration rate by repeated reproduction. That is, by reproducing 10,000 times by reproducing laser power of 0.8 mW, the degree of deterioration of PRSNR and SbER is measured, and favorable results are obtained as shown in the bottom of
Hence, as the organic pigment used in the recording film 24, it is found preferable to use a material having a styryl pigment or a monomethine cyanine pigment as a pigment portion, and an azo metal complex as an anion portion.
As described herein, by preparing a recording film made of an organic pigment having low-to-high characteristic, the invention presents a write-once information recording medium capable of recording and reproducing information at high density and high performance of practical level.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2004-118345 | Apr 2004 | JP | national |
