The present invention is directed to a system for developing writing skills, and more particularly, to a system for developing written expression skills.
As children and other users begin to put their thoughts and ideas in written form, they may lack the basic skills to do so effectively. For example, children may lack the skills required to create and develop an organized, sequenced sentence or paragraph, or the knowledge of how to add details to their written work. Children may also not understand the basic concepts of utilizing visual imagery to add details to their written expression, utilizing visual imagery to sequence words and phrases, and utilizing a variety of words and phrases to describe their idea or story. Finally, children may lack skills required to arrange words and sentences in an organized manner. The present invention provides a system to aid a user in developing basic skills needed for early written expression and creative writing.
The system of the present invention may include various types of instruction sheets arranged in order of increasing complexity to aid the user in written expression and creative writing skill development. A plurality of each type of instruction sheet, each having varying indicia, may be grouped together to allow the user to develop a single set of skills through repetition of that type of instruction sheet before progressing to the next type of instruction sheets. For example,
A plurality of each type of instruction sheet, each having varying indicia, may be grouped together to allow the user to develop a single set of skills through repetition of that type of instruction sheet before progressing to the next type of instruction sheets. The system shown herein shows only two illustrative sheets in each set of instruction sheets, although the number of sheets in each set can be more, or less, than two sheets, as desired. Further alternately, various types of instructions may be combined on a single sheet. Each sheet may be 8.5″×11″ at least for one embodiment.
Each instruction sheet may include a sheet-like material or body. The sheets/sheet-like body can be made of from any of a wide variety of materials but may typically be made of a cellulose-based or pulp-based paper such that the sheets are generally water absorbent and can be written upon by a wide variety of media (i.e. pens, pencils, markers, crayons, etc.) However, the sheets can be made of any of a relatively wide variety of materials, and need not necessarily be of a water-absorbent material. For example, the sheets/sheet like-body could be a made of a write-on/wipe off (polymer) material that can be re-used in the manner of white board, etc. The instruction sheets may be relatively thin, and may have a thickness of about 0.5 mm or less.
The first set of instruction sheets may be a starting point for story development skills, and may also be termed “list-generating (noun)” instruction sheets. In particular, each sheet in the first set may include a theme and title 20 which may describe or elaborate upon the theme. For example, the title/theme 20 of the instruction sheet on
Each sheet in the first set of instruction sheets may also include a picture, drawing or other visual representation 24 associated with the theme (i.e., in the sheet of
The writing spaces 28 may be provided such that the user can write the identified items thereon. Each writing space 28 may include a baseline 30 and an ascender line 32 positioned above the baseline 30, and a descender line 34 positioned below the baseline 30. An intermediate line 36 (a dotted line in the illustrated embodiment) may be positioned between the baseline 30 and the ascender line 32. The lines 30, 32, 34, 36 are provided to guide the user in his or her writing thereon.
The differing spaces defined by the baseline 30, ascender line 32, descender line 34 and intermediate line 36 may be colored or shaded to guide letter formation and alignment. In particular, the lower portion 38 of the writing space 28 (positioned between the baseline 30 and descender line 34) may be colored brown (representing dirt or earth), the middle portion 40 (positioned between the baseline 30 and the intermediate line 36) may be colored green (representing plants or vegetation, such as grass), and the upper portion 42 (positioned between the intermediate line 36 and the ascender line 32) may be colored blue (representing sky).
In this manner, the colored portions 38, 40, 42 provide vertical orientation within each writing space 28 that is intuitive and universally understood since the sky is above vegetation, which is in turn above soil. The use of brown, green and blue colors also presents a brightly colored sheet to attract and retain the attention of the user. The writing spaces 28 also encourage a user to write neatly while generating ideas and subsequently writing the ideas on paper, which results in increased writing fluency. The use of coloring in the writing spaces 28 is described in more detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/853,988, entitled COLOR CODED LETTER GUIDE, filed on Sep. 12, 2007, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
The title 20 of each instruction sheet may be written on a color-coded writing space 28. The letters of the title 20 may be written with sequential guide arrows and numbers 44 embedded in the letters of the title 20 to reinforce proper letter formation. Moreover, each instruction sheet may include or carry thereon at least one hand cue 46 upon which a user can place his or her hand and manually stabilize the associated instruction sheet. Further detail relating to the hand cues is provided in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/853,988.
Various primary instruction sheets, which encourage a user to list various items, places, people or the like may be provided so that the user becomes familiar with the concept of generating lists related to a theme. The primary instruction sheets thereby introduce categorical thought flow, and teach a user how to ideate and visualize setting with respect to people, places or things (nouns) found in that setting. For another example, as shown on
After working through the primary instruction sheets, a user may then advance to the second set of instruction sheets, which may be termed “list-generating (descriptive)” instruction sheets. The second instruction sheets (examples of which are shown in
For example, as seen in
For another example, as seen in
The third set of instruction sheets build upon the ideas of the first and second instruction sheets, and but progress to instruct the user to write a sentence utilizing user-generated words (nouns or adjectives). The third set of instruction sheets may be termed “graphic organizer sheets” or “list/sentence instruction sheets.” In particular, as shown on
For another example, as seen in
The third instruction sheets also cue the user to write a sentence using the “car” theme/title (as in
The fourth set of instruction sheets may also be termed sensory sentence starter sheets, examples of which are shown on
One or more sentence starters 50 (i.e., a beginning/pre-printed portion of a sentence) may be provided on the sheet to cue the user to write one or more sentences. Each sentence starter 50 relates to the theme/title of that sheet, and includes an adjective relating to one of the user's senses (i.e., touch, taste, hearing, smell, sight). Thus the fourth instruction sheets teach a user to develop abstract thoughts and ideas about the user's senses into concrete terms and phrases without first generating a list of terms on paper, which is a step beyond use of the third instruction sheets (graphic organizers). For example, for
The fourth instruction sheets also include text encouraging proper punctuation at the end of a sentence and appropriate capitalization. The fourth instruction sheets thereby teach a user how to introspectively identify descriptive terms and then use the descriptive terms to complete a sentence.
The fifth set of instruction sheets may also be termed free association sentence starter sheet, examples of which are shown on
The sixth set of instruction sheets may also be termed basic sentence sheets, examples of which are shown on
The sixth set of instruction sheets thus develop the user's thought completion skills. In particular, the sixth set of instruction sheets cue a user to complete a thought in multiple ways (three ways in the illustrated embodiment). The user is then cued to integrate multiple individual sentences into a single sentence in the form of a list sentence, with the introduction of comma use.
The seventh set of instruction sheets may also be termed sequence instruction sheets, and may include an illustration sheet (
For example,
In this manner, the drawings 60a, 60b, 60c can be cut from the illustration sheet and positioned on the sequencing sheet in order (in the illustrated embodiment, drawing 60a should be positioned first, followed by drawing 60c, followed in turn by drawing 60b). A user can then review the helper words and write text associated with each drawing in the proper order as cued by the sequential text 64 (such as the terms “first,” “second,” or “third”) Other sequencing sheets (not shown) may also be used in association with the other drawings 60 on the illustration sheet. In this manner, the seventh set of instruction sheets teach a user how to place ideas or concepts in order by physically arranging the “ideas” in order on each sequencing sheet. The user is then cued to write a sentence with cues relating to the sequential order of the ideas. The seventh set of instruction sheets thereby teaches a user to write a three story sequence with visual cues to guide the sequencing.
The eighth set of instruction sheets may also be termed story starter sheets, examples of which are shown on
For example, each instruction sheet in the eighth set may include the sentence starter 68 that relates to the theme or title of that sheet, thereby encouraging the user to complete the sentence and add other sentences (such as “The cat said . . . ” or “When I saw the . . . ”). The last part of the sentence starter 68 is positioned on the writing space 28 to encourage a user to continue writing on the writing space 28. Because the user has been cued in the previous sets of instructions sheets to identify related concepts and ideas, arrange the concepts or ideas in sequential order, implement thought completion and write a sentence or sentences related to the conceptual ideas, the user is encouraged to implement all the identification and organization concepts taught in the first through seventh sets of instruction sheets when using the eighth set of instruction sheets, and without first generating a list on paper.
If desired, the various sets of instruction sheets may be grouped together and bound in a single booklet/guide. Moreover, various other features may be provided in such a booklet, or otherwise utilized with the sets of instruction sheets. For example, a congratulatory certificate may be included to allow the user to achieve a sense of accomplishment upon completing the booklet. A sheet including various sight words that may help a user during sentence creation may be included. Each sight word may have numbered, sequential arrows to guide a user in the letter formation. Another sheet may be included and have writing spaces for a user to write his or her own word list to develop commonly used words, or words that the instructor/parent believes would be useful to the user. The sight word list and/or individual word list may be attached to the binding mechanism along a perforated line to allow those lists to be separated from the binding mechanism and used by the user when working though the remainder of the guide.
Another sheet which reinforces capital letter writing skills using guide indicia and numbered, sequential arrows as disclosed in, for example, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/853,411, entitled LETTER GUIDE SHEET, filed Sep. 11, 2007, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference, may be provided as part of the guide. Another sheet which operates as a guide sheet for reinforcing proper writing strokes for lower case letters, using the concepts disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/853,988, may also be provided. In this manner, a single guide may provide various tools for developing writing skills, as well as idea identification, sequencing, organization and expression to encourage a user to develop written expression skills and basic grammar skills.
Having described the invention in detail and by reference to the various embodiments, it should be understood that modifications and variations thereof are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.
This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of provisional application Ser. No. 61/094,364 filed on Sep. 4, 2008 which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/US09/55125 | 8/27/2009 | WO | 00 | 2/16/2011 |
Number | Date | Country | |
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61094364 | Sep 2008 | US |