Daniel Joseph Styles

Person

Canton, MI, US

People

Patents Grantslast 30 patents

Information Patent Grant
System and method for engine cold start
- Patent number 12,071,886
- Issue date Aug 27, 2024
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Jason Martz
- B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
Engine cold start system and method
- Patent number 12,070,721
- Issue date Aug 27, 2024
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Jason Martz
- B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
System and method for engine cold start
- Patent number 11,939,900
- Issue date Mar 26, 2024
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Jason Martz
- F01 - MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL STEAM ENGINES
Information Patent Grant
Methods for re-combustion in engines
- Patent number 11,840,969
- Issue date Dec 12, 2023
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F01 - MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL STEAM ENGINES
Information Patent Grant
Methods and systems for reducing hydrocarbon emissions
- Patent number 11,703,017
- Issue date Jul 18, 2023
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Xiaogang Zhang
- F01 - MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL STEAM ENGINES
Information Patent Grant
Methods for re-combustion in engines
- Patent number 11,585,284
- Issue date Feb 21, 2023
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F01 - MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL STEAM ENGINES
Information Patent Grant
EGR pre-mixer for improved mixing
- Patent number 11,506,153
- Issue date Nov 22, 2022
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
Annular ring mixer with vanes
- Patent number 11,499,489
- Issue date Nov 15, 2022
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Exhaust gas recovery system with high-pressure mixer
- Patent number 11,480,139
- Issue date Oct 25, 2022
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Liangjun Hu
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Methods and systems for reducing engine exhaust emissions
- Patent number 11,480,122
- Issue date Oct 25, 2022
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Jason Brian Martz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Method and system for distribution of exhaust gas
- Patent number 11,454,198
- Issue date Sep 27, 2022
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Xiaogang Zhang
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Systems and methods for a valve in a dual-core EGR cooler
- Patent number 11,352,986
- Issue date Jun 7, 2022
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Gregory McConville
- F28 - HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
Exhaust gas recirculation system for a vehicle engine
- Patent number 11,225,936
- Issue date Jan 18, 2022
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Liangjun Hu
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Branch communication valve for a twin scroll turbocharger
- Patent number 11,187,145
- Issue date Nov 30, 2021
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- F05 - INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF...
Information Patent Grant
Method and system for catalyst temperature control
- Patent number 11,066,976
- Issue date Jul 20, 2021
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Eric Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Method for sharing and receiving vehicle fuel quality alerts
- Patent number 11,024,103
- Issue date Jun 1, 2021
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Systems and methods for expediting engine warming
- Patent number 10,975,789
- Issue date Apr 13, 2021
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Jason Martz
- Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMA...
Information Patent Grant
Diesel engine dual fuel injection strategy
- Patent number 10,711,729
- Issue date Jul 14, 2020
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
EGR system and method for an opposed piston engine
- Patent number 10,626,811
- Issue date Apr 21, 2020
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Daniel Styles
- F01 - MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL STEAM ENGINES
Information Patent Grant
Method and system for exhaust gas recirculation and heat recovery
- Patent number 10,578,036
- Issue date Mar 3, 2020
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Michael James Uhrich
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Wide range active compressor for HP-EGR engine systems
- Patent number 10,578,048
- Issue date Mar 3, 2020
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Method and system for exhaust gas heat recovery
- Patent number 10,487,714
- Issue date Nov 26, 2019
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Michael James Uhrich
- B60 - VEHICLES IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
Systems and methods for LP-EGR delivery in a variable displacement...
- Patent number 10,465,620
- Issue date Nov 5, 2019
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Gopichandra Surnilla
- Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMA...
Information Patent Grant
Method and system for improved dilution purging
- Patent number 10,294,874
- Issue date May 21, 2019
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- B60 - VEHICLES IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
System and methods for operating an exhaust gas recirculation valve...
- Patent number 10,260,436
- Issue date Apr 16, 2019
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Gopichandra Surnilla
- Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMA...
Information Patent Grant
Methods and systems for adjusting engine operation based on weather...
- Patent number 10,239,518
- Issue date Mar 26, 2019
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- B60 - VEHICLES IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
System and methods for extracting water from exhaust gases for wate...
- Patent number 10,215,135
- Issue date Feb 26, 2019
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Method for sharing and receiving vehicle fuel quality alerts
- Patent number 10,163,278
- Issue date Dec 25, 2018
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Grant
Branch communication valve for a twin scroll turbocharger
- Patent number 10,125,669
- Issue date Nov 13, 2018
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- F05 - INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF...
Information Patent Grant
Method and system for exhaust gas recirculation and heat recovery
- Patent number 10,107,213
- Issue date Oct 23, 2018
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Michael James Uhrich
- F01 - MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL STEAM ENGINES

Patents Applicationslast 30 patents

Information Patent Application
METHODS FOR RE-COMBUSTION IN ENGINES
- Publication number 20230124649
- Publication date Apr 20, 2023
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR REDUCING HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS
- Publication number 20230050865
- Publication date Feb 16, 2023
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Xiaogang Zhang
- F01 - MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL STEAM ENGINES
Information Patent Application
METHODS FOR RE-COMBUSTION IN ENGINES
- Publication number 20230033813
- Publication date Feb 2, 2023
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
ANNULAR RING MIXER WITH VANES
- Publication number 20220307436
- Publication date Sep 29, 2022
- Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information Patent Application
EGR PRE-MIXER FOR IMPROVED MIXING
- Publication number 20220307451
- Publication date Sep 29, 2022
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information Patent Application
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR A VALVE IN A DUAL-CORE EGR COOLER
- Publication number 20220120243
- Publication date Apr 21, 2022
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Gregory McConville
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTION OF EXHAUST GAS
- Publication number 20220099052
- Publication date Mar 31, 2022
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Xiaogang Zhang
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CATALYST TEMPERATURE CONTROL
- Publication number 20200102874
- Publication date Apr 2, 2020
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Eric Kurtz
- F01 - MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL STEAM ENGINES
Information Patent Application
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EXPEDITING ENGINE WARMING
- Publication number 20190376461
- Publication date Dec 12, 2019
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Jason Martz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
WIDE RANGE ACTIVE COMPRESSOR FOR HP-EGR ENGINE SYSTEMS
- Publication number 20190218981
- Publication date Jul 18, 2019
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
EGR SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AN OPPOSED PISTON ENGINE
- Publication number 20190203654
- Publication date Jul 4, 2019
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Daniel Styles
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHOD FOR SHARING AND RECEIVING VEHICLE FUEL QUALITY ALERTS
- Publication number 20190080530
- Publication date Mar 14, 2019
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
BRANCH COMMUNICATION VALVE FOR A TWIN SCROLL TURBOCHARGER
- Publication number 20190048790
- Publication date Feb 14, 2019
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- F01 - MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL STEAM ENGINES
Information Patent Application
DIESEL ENGINE DUAL FUEL INJECTION STRATEGY
- Publication number 20190024604
- Publication date Jan 24, 2019
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION AND HEAT RECOVERY
- Publication number 20180355809
- Publication date Dec 13, 2018
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Michael James Uhrich
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR A FUEL INJECTOR
- Publication number 20180266339
- Publication date Sep 20, 2018
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR ADJUSTING ENGINE OPERATION BASED ON WEATHER...
- Publication number 20180170363
- Publication date Jun 21, 2018
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- B60 - VEHICLES IN GENERAL
Information Patent Application
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION AND HEAT RECOVERY
- Publication number 20180156142
- Publication date Jun 7, 2018
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Michael James Uhrich
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR AN ENGINE
- Publication number 20180068497
- Publication date Mar 8, 2018
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- G01 - MEASURING TESTING
Information Patent Application
SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR EXTRACTING WATER FROM EXHAUST GASES FOR WATE...
- Publication number 20180023522
- Publication date Jan 25, 2018
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR ADJUSTING ENGINE OPERATION BASED ON WEATHER...
- Publication number 20170291600
- Publication date Oct 12, 2017
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- B60 - VEHICLES IN GENERAL
Information Patent Application
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST GAS HEAT RECOVERY
- Publication number 20170292431
- Publication date Oct 12, 2017
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Michael James Uhrich
- B60 - VEHICLES IN GENERAL
Information Patent Application
BRANCH COMMUNICATION VALVE FOR A TWIN SCROLL TURBOCHARGER
- Publication number 20170276062
- Publication date Sep 28, 2017
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
CONDENSATION CONTROL IN A CHARGE AIR COOLER BY CONTROLLING CHARGE A...
- Publication number 20170260896
- Publication date Sep 14, 2017
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Chris Paul Glugla
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR OPERATING AN EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION VALVE...
- Publication number 20170260919
- Publication date Sep 14, 2017
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Gopichandra Surnilla
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR EXHAUST GAS HEAT RECOVERY
- Publication number 20170248056
- Publication date Aug 31, 2017
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST GAS HEAT RECOVERY
- Publication number 20170218865
- Publication date Aug 3, 2017
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Daniel Joseph Styles
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR AIRFLOW CONTROL
- Publication number 20170122228
- Publication date May 4, 2017
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- John Erik Mikael Hellstrom
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
METHOD FOR UTILIZING CONDENSATE TO IMPROVE ENGINE EFFICIENCY
- Publication number 20170114738
- Publication date Apr 27, 2017
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- John Hoard
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
Information Patent Application
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FLOWING A MIXTURE OF COOLANTS TO A CHARGE AIR...
- Publication number 20170009642
- Publication date Jan 12, 2017
- FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
- Eric Matthew Kurtz
- F02 - COMBUSTION ENGINES HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS

Daniel Joseph Styles

Person

Patents Grantslast 30 patents

System and method for engine cold start

Engine cold start system and method

System and method for engine cold start

Methods for re-combustion in engines

Methods and systems for reducing hydrocarbon emissions

Methods for re-combustion in engines

EGR pre-mixer for improved mixing

Annular ring mixer with vanes

Exhaust gas recovery system with high-pressure mixer

Methods and systems for reducing engine exhaust emissions

Method and system for distribution of exhaust gas

Systems and methods for a valve in a dual-core EGR cooler

Exhaust gas recirculation system for a vehicle engine

Branch communication valve for a twin scroll turbocharger

Method and system for catalyst temperature control

Method for sharing and receiving vehicle fuel quality alerts

Systems and methods for expediting engine warming

Diesel engine dual fuel injection strategy

EGR system and method for an opposed piston engine

Method and system for exhaust gas recirculation and heat recovery

Wide range active compressor for HP-EGR engine systems

Method and system for exhaust gas heat recovery

Systems and methods for LP-EGR delivery in a variable displacement...

Method and system for improved dilution purging

System and methods for operating an exhaust gas recirculation valve...

Methods and systems for adjusting engine operation based on weather...

System and methods for extracting water from exhaust gases for wate...

Method for sharing and receiving vehicle fuel quality alerts

Branch communication valve for a twin scroll turbocharger

Method and system for exhaust gas recirculation and heat recovery

Patents Applicationslast 30 patents

METHODS FOR RE-COMBUSTION IN ENGINES

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR REDUCING HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS

METHODS FOR RE-COMBUSTION IN ENGINES

ANNULAR RING MIXER WITH VANES

EGR PRE-MIXER FOR IMPROVED MIXING

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR A VALVE IN A DUAL-CORE EGR COOLER

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTION OF EXHAUST GAS

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CATALYST TEMPERATURE CONTROL

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EXPEDITING ENGINE WARMING

WIDE RANGE ACTIVE COMPRESSOR FOR HP-EGR ENGINE SYSTEMS

EGR SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AN OPPOSED PISTON ENGINE

METHOD FOR SHARING AND RECEIVING VEHICLE FUEL QUALITY ALERTS

BRANCH COMMUNICATION VALVE FOR A TWIN SCROLL TURBOCHARGER

DIESEL ENGINE DUAL FUEL INJECTION STRATEGY

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION AND HEAT RECOVERY

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR A FUEL INJECTOR

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR ADJUSTING ENGINE OPERATION BASED ON WEATHER...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION AND HEAT RECOVERY

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR AN ENGINE

SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR EXTRACTING WATER FROM EXHAUST GASES FOR WATE...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR ADJUSTING ENGINE OPERATION BASED ON WEATHER...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST GAS HEAT RECOVERY

BRANCH COMMUNICATION VALVE FOR A TWIN SCROLL TURBOCHARGER

CONDENSATION CONTROL IN A CHARGE AIR COOLER BY CONTROLLING CHARGE A...

SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR OPERATING AN EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION VALVE...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR EXHAUST GAS HEAT RECOVERY

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST GAS HEAT RECOVERY

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR AIRFLOW CONTROL

METHOD FOR UTILIZING CONDENSATE TO IMPROVE ENGINE EFFICIENCY

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FLOWING A MIXTURE OF COOLANTS TO A CHARGE AIR...