Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

HELECTRICITY H02Electric power H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY

H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

H02J7/0003with provision for charging different types of batteries H02J7/0004with data exchange between battery and charger H02J7/0006using passive battery identification means H02J7/0008in response to measured battery parameters H02J7/0009using switches, contacts or markings H02J7/0011with charge circuits contained within battery unit H02J7/0013for charging several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/0014Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries H02J7/0016using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits H02J7/0018using separate charge circuits H02J7/0019using switched or multiplexed charge circuits H02J7/0021Monitoring or indicating circuits H02J7/0022Management of charging with batteries permanently connected to charge circuit H02J7/0024Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit H02J7/0026using safety or protection circuits H02J7/0027Stations for charging mobile units H02J7/0029with safety devices H02J7/0031using battery or load disconnect circuits H02J7/0032disconnection of loads if battery is not under charge H02J7/0034using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits H02J7/0036using connection detecting circuits H02J7/0042characterised by the mechanical construction H02J7/0044specially adapted for holding portable devices containing batteries H02J7/0045concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries H02J7/0047with indicating devices H02J7/0052Charge circuits only H02J7/0054Battery to battery charging H02J7/0055adapted for charging from various sources H02J7/0057adapted for charge maintenance or battery rejuvenation H02J7/0063Circuits adapted for supplying loads only H02J7/0065using converters specially adapted for use with a battery H02J7/0068Battery or charger load switching H02J7/007Regulation of charging current or voltage H02J7/0072using semiconductor devices only H02J7/0073with a programmable charge schedule H02J7/0075for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation H02J7/0077the charge cycle being terminated in response to electric parameters H02J7/0078in response to discharge current H02J7/008with the battery connected to the charge circuit H02J7/0081and in response to battery voltage gradient H02J7/0083and in response to charge current gradient H02J7/0085with the battery disconnected from the charge circuit H02J7/0086and in response to battery voltage H02J7/0088the charge cycle being terminated in response to non-electric parameters H02J7/009in response to degree of gas development in the battery H02J7/0091in response to temperature of the battery H02J7/0093with introduction of pulses during the charging process H02J7/02for charging batteries from ac mains by converters H02J7/022characterised by the type of converter H02J7/025using non-contact coupling H02J7/027with safety or indicating device H02J7/04Regulation of charging current or voltage H02J7/041with a programmable charge schedule H02J7/042the charge cycle being controlled in response to a measured parameter H02J7/044in response to integrated charge or discharge current H02J7/045in response to voltage or current H02J7/047in response to temperature H02J7/048in response to degree of gas development in the battery H02J7/06using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices H02J7/08using discharge tubes only H02J7/082with a programmable charge schedule H02J7/085the charge cycle being terminated in response to electric parameters H02J7/087the charge cycle being terminated in response to non-electric parameters H02J7/12using magnetic devices having controllable degree of saturation H02J7/125in combination with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices H02J7/14for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed H02J7/1407on vehicles not being driven by a motor H02J7/1415with a generator driven by a prime mover other than the motor of a vehicle H02J7/1423with multiple batteries or generators H02J7/1438in combination with power supplies for loads other than batteries H02J7/1446in response to parameters of a vehicle H02J7/1453with temperature compensation H02J7/1461with safety or indicationg devices H02J7/1469Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field H02J7/1476by mechanical action on the generator H02J7/1484by commutation of the output windings of the generator H02J7/1492by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery H02J7/16Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field H02J7/163with special means for initiating or limiting the excitation current H02J7/166with safety or indicating devices H02J7/18due to variation of ohmic resistance in field circuit, using resistance switching in or out of circuit step by step H02J7/20due to variation of continuously variable ohmic resistor H02J7/22due to variation of make-to-break ratio of intermittently-operating contacts H02J7/225characterised by the mechanical construction H02J7/24using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices H02J7/241using discharge tubes only H02J7/242using semiconductor devices as final control devices H02J7/244with on/off action H02J7/245with pulse modulation H02J7/247using thyristors or triacs as final control devices H02J7/248characterised by the mechanical construction H02J7/26using magnetic devices with controllable degree of saturation H02J7/28using magnetic devices with controllable degree of saturation in combination with controlled discharge tube or controlled semiconductor device H02J7/30using armature-reaction-excited machines H02J7/32for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed H02J7/322by variation of field, using discharge tubes H02J7/324by variation of field, using semiconductor devices H02J7/326by variation of field, using armature-reaction-excited machines H02J7/328by variation of field, using magnetic devices having controllable degree of saturation H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources H02J7/345using capacitors as storage or buffering devices H02J7/35with light sensitive cells H02J7/355characterised by the mechanical construction H02J7/36Arrangements using end-cell switching