containing one or more sulfur atoms as the only heteroatom

Industry

CPC
C08G2261/3223

This industry / category may be too specific. Please go to a parent level for more data

Parent Industries

CCHEMISTRY METALLURGY C08Organic compounds C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS C08G2261/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule

Current Industry

C08G2261/3223containing one or more sulfur atoms as the only heteroatom

Industries

Patents Grantslast 30 patents

Information Patent Grant
Ultrafast, high-energy supercapacitors with open-shell polymer-carb...
- Patent number 11,970,572
- Issue date Apr 30, 2024
- The Regents of the University of California
- Tse Nga Ng
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Grant
High yield storage materials
- Patent number 11,955,280
- Issue date Apr 9, 2024
- PolyJoule, Inc.
- Eli Paster
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Organic semiconductor mixture and organic optoelectronic device con...
- Patent number 11,957,051
- Issue date Apr 9, 2024
- RAYNERGY TEK INCORPORATION
- Chia-Hua Tsai
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Semiconductor mixed material and application thereof
- Patent number 11,950,491
- Issue date Apr 2, 2024
- RAYNERGY TEK INCORPORATION
- Yi-Ming Chang
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Polymer semiconductors containing acrylyl or acrylyl-like side chai...
- Patent number 11,930,694
- Issue date Mar 12, 2024
- University of Waterloo
- Yuning Li
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Organic semiconducting compound and the organic photoelectric compo...
- Patent number 11,925,101
- Issue date Mar 5, 2024
- RAYNERGY TEK INCORPORATION
- Wei-Long Li
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Blue-excitable water-solvated polymeric dyes
- Patent number 11,912,876
- Issue date Feb 27, 2024
- Becton, Dickinson and Company
- Yongchao Liang
- G01 - MEASURING TESTING
Information Patent Grant
Photo-patternable organic semiconductor (OSC) polymers for organic...
- Patent number 11,917,897
- Issue date Feb 27, 2024
- Corning Incorporated
- Mingqian He
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Self-organized and electrically conducting PEDOT polymer matrix for...
- Patent number 11,905,609
- Issue date Feb 20, 2024
- South Dakota Board of Regents
- Alevtina Smirnova
- C25 - ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES APPARATUS THEREFOR
Information Patent Grant
Photodiode comprising fluropolymer compound
- Patent number 11,903,304
- Issue date Feb 13, 2024
- RAYNERGY TEK INCORPORATION
- Yi-Ming Chang
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Modified conductive structure and method for producing the same
- Patent number 11,898,061
- Issue date Feb 13, 2024
- Industrial Technology Research Institute
- Hsin-Chieh Lin
- C25 - ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES APPARATUS THEREFOR
Information Patent Grant
Electrochromic composite, electrochromic element comprising same, a...
- Patent number 11,891,571
- Issue date Feb 6, 2024
- LG Chem, Ltd.
- Bogyu Lim
- B82 - NANO-TECHNOLOGY
Information Patent Grant
Acqueous composition comprising a conductive polymer and use thereof
- Patent number 11,887,747
- Issue date Jan 30, 2024
- ENI S.p.A.
- Gianni Corso
- B05 - SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL APPLYING LIQUIDS OR OTHER FLUENT MATER...
Information Patent Grant
Substituted thiophene oligomers and polymers
- Patent number 11,882,831
- Issue date Jan 30, 2024
- UNM Rainforest Innovations
- David G. Whitten
- A01 - AGRICULTURE FORESTRY ANIMAL HUSBANDRY HUNTING TRAPPING FISHING
Information Patent Grant
High transparency electrochromic polymers
- Patent number 11,879,098
- Issue date Jan 23, 2024
- AMBILIGHT INC.
- Jianguo Mei
- C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information Patent Grant
Fused dithieno benzothiadiazole polymers for organic photovolatics
- Patent number 11,849,629
- Issue date Dec 19, 2023
- Phillips 66 Company
- Laura Nielsen
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Infrared absorbing polymer, infrared absorbing/blocking film, photo...
- Patent number 11,820,859
- Issue date Nov 21, 2023
- Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
- Jae Jun Lee
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Unsymmetrical benzothtadiazole-based random copolymers
- Patent number 11,825,732
- Issue date Nov 21, 2023
- Phillips 66 Company
- Hualong Pan
- Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMA...
Information Patent Grant
Conductive polymer dispersion and method for preparing same, and me...
- Patent number 11,814,545
- Issue date Nov 14, 2023
- Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd.
- Sou Matsubayashi
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Grant
Polymers containing indacen-4-one derivatives
- Patent number 11,807,645
- Issue date Nov 7, 2023
- ENI S.p.A.
- Riccardo Po
- Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMA...
Information Patent Grant
Open-shell conjugated polymer conductors, composites, and compositions
- Patent number 11,773,211
- Issue date Oct 3, 2023
- University of Southern Mississippi
- Jason D. Azoulay
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Grant
Preparation method of polymer
- Patent number 11,773,212
- Issue date Oct 3, 2023
- LG ENERGY SOLUTION, LTD.
- Joon Koo Kang
- C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information Patent Grant
Thermally stable and solvent-resistant conductive polymer composites
- Patent number 11,773,213
- Issue date Oct 3, 2023
- Ambilight Inc.
- Jiazhi He
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Grant
Liquid composition, metallic luster film, and article
- Patent number 11,760,833
- Issue date Sep 19, 2023
- FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corp.
- Wataru Yamada
- B05 - SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL APPLYING LIQUIDS OR OTHER FLUENT MATER...
Information Patent Grant
Polymer material, material for electroluminescence device, liquid c...
- Patent number 11,758,800
- Issue date Sep 12, 2023
- Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
- Fumiaki Kato
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Microelectronic package electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection
- Patent number 11,751,367
- Issue date Sep 5, 2023
- Intel Corporation
- Veronica Aleman Strong
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Grant
Polymer semiconductors, stretchable polymer thin films, and electro...
- Patent number 11,737,346
- Issue date Aug 22, 2023
- Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
- Sangah Gam
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Unsymmetrical Benzothiadiazole-based random copolymers
- Patent number 11,716,895
- Issue date Aug 1, 2023
- Phillips 66 Company
- Hualong Pan
- Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMA...
Information Patent Grant
Polymer, organic solar cell comprising polymer, perovskite solar ce...
- Patent number 11,711,965
- Issue date Jul 25, 2023
- Seoul National University R&DB Foundation
- Soo Young Park
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Grant
Polymer and organic solar cell comprising same
- Patent number 11,711,966
- Issue date Jul 25, 2023
- LG Chem, Ltd.
- Jiyoung Lee
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...

Patents Applicationslast 30 patents

Information Patent Application
OPEN-SHELL CONJUGATED POLYMER CONDUCTORS, COMPOSITES, AND COMPOSITIONS
- Publication number 20240092965
- Publication date Mar 21, 2024
- University of Southern Mississippi
- Jason D. Azoulay
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
BLOCK CONJUGATED POLYMER MATERIAL AND ACTIVE LAYER MATERIAL AND ORG...
- Publication number 20240099121
- Publication date Mar 21, 2024
- RAYNERGY TEK INCORPORATION
- Yi-Ming Chang
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
ORGANIC INFRARED PHOTODETECTION DEVICES UTILIZING AN INSULATIVE COM...
- Publication number 20240049588
- Publication date Feb 8, 2024
- Jason D. Azoulay
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
POLYMER
- Publication number 20230413659
- Publication date Dec 21, 2023
- SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO., LTD.
- Nir Yaacobi-Gross
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
QUINOXALINE-BASED CONJUGATED POLYMER, CONTAINING CYANO GROUP, FOR P...
- Publication number 20230397481
- Publication date Dec 7, 2023
- Pukyong National University Industry-University Cooperation Foundation
- Joo Hyun KIM
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
METHOD FOR PRODUCING CONDUCTIVE PEDOT:PSS PARTICLES
- Publication number 20230340187
- Publication date Oct 26, 2023
- Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen
- Sebastian Bernhard RAUER
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR MIXTURE AND ORGANIC OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE CON...
- Publication number 20230320212
- Publication date Oct 5, 2023
- RAYNERGY TEK INCORPORATION
- CHIA-HUA TSAI
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Application
HIGH TRANSPARENCY ELECTROCHROMIC POLYMERS
- Publication number 20230303913
- Publication date Sep 28, 2023
- Ambilight Inc.
- Jianguo MEI
- C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information Patent Application
HIGH TRANSPARENCY ELECTROCHROMIC POLYMERS
- Publication number 20230250223
- Publication date Aug 10, 2023
- Ambilight Inc.
- Jianguo MEI
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
POLY(THIOPHENE-CO-BENZOTHIOPHENE-CO-DIBENZOTHIOPHENE) COPOLYMERS AN...
- Publication number 20230203240
- Publication date Jun 29, 2023
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Anjan RAY
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTING COMPOUNDS
- Publication number 20230200202
- Publication date Jun 22, 2023
- RAYNERGY TEK INCORPORATION
- Sebastian KOWALSKI
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
FLUORINE-SUBSTITUTED PI-BRIDGE (?-BRIDGE) SELENIDE POLYMER ACCEPTOR...
- Publication number 20230180593
- Publication date Jun 8, 2023
- Taizhou University
- Shirong LU
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
FUSED DITHIENO BENZOTHIADIAZOLE POLYMERS FOR ORGANIC PHOTOVOLATICS
- Publication number 20230165127
- Publication date May 25, 2023
- PHILLIPS 66 COMPANY
- Laura Nielsen
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
FUSED DITHIENO BENZOTHIADIAZOLE POLYMERS FOR ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS
- Publication number 20230165128
- Publication date May 25, 2023
- PHILLIPS 66 COMPANY
- Laura Nielsen
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
THE ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTING COMPOUND AND THE ORGANIC PHOTOELECTRIC C...
- Publication number 20230126747
- Publication date Apr 27, 2023
- RAYNERGY TEK INCORPORATION
- WEI-LONG LI
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
COMPOSITION FOR OPTICAL MATERIAL
- Publication number 20230100848
- Publication date Mar 30, 2023
- Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
- Mariko SADO
- G02 - OPTICS
Information Patent Application
ULTRAFAST, HIGH-ENERGY SUPERCAPACITORS WITH OPEN-SHELL POLYMER-CARB...
- Publication number 20230087931
- Publication date Mar 23, 2023
- The Regents of the University of California
- Tse Nga Ng
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
POLYMERIC PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL WITH INVERTED STRUCTURE COMPRISING A CO...
- Publication number 20220416169
- Publication date Dec 29, 2022
- ENI S.p.A.
- Gabriele Bianchi
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
POLYMER SEMICONDUCTORS, STRETCHABLE POLYMER THIN FILMS, AND ELECTRO...
- Publication number 20220407008
- Publication date Dec 22, 2022
- Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
- Sangah GAM
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
Non-Fullerene Acceptor Polymer
- Publication number 20220380524
- Publication date Dec 1, 2022
- National Tsing Hua University
- Ho-Hsiu Chou
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
POLYMERS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS
- Publication number 20220359827
- Publication date Nov 10, 2022
- PHILLIPS 66 COMPANY
- Hualong Pan
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
POLYTHIOPHENES IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS
- Publication number 20220348712
- Publication date Nov 3, 2022
- Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG
- Rüdiger SAUER-STIEGLITZ
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
CONDUCTIVE POLYMER, CAPACITOR AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF
- Publication number 20220195111
- Publication date Jun 23, 2022
- SHENZHEN CAPCHEM TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
- Dacheng Zhao
- C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information Patent Application
n-TYPE SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENT, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING n-TYPE SEMIC...
- Publication number 20220185951
- Publication date Jun 16, 2022
- TORAY INDUSTRIES, INC.
- Kazuki Isogai
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS
- Publication number 20220173321
- Publication date Jun 2, 2022
- RAYNERGY TEK INCORPORATION
- GRAHAM MORSE
- H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information Patent Application
SUBSTITUTED THIOPHENE OLIGOMERS AND POLYMERS
- Publication number 20220132843
- Publication date May 5, 2022
- David G. Whitten
- A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information Patent Application
LIQUID COMPOSITION, METALLIC LUSTER FILM, AND ARTICLE
- Publication number 20220127415
- Publication date Apr 28, 2022
- FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corp.
- Wataru YAMADA
- B05 - SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL APPLYING LIQUIDS OR OTHER FLUENT MATER...
Information Patent Application
PHOTO-PATTERNABLE ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR (OSC) POLYMERS AND METHODS...
- Publication number 20220119591
- Publication date Apr 21, 2022
- Corning Incorporated
- Mingqian He
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Application
BIOCOMPATIBLE AND ELECTROCONDUCTIVE POLYMERIC MICRONEEDLE BIOSENSOR...
- Publication number 20220104748
- Publication date Apr 7, 2022
- Raphas Co., Ltd.
- Keun Ho LEE
- A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information Patent Application
CHARGE-TRANSPORTING COMPOSITION FOR PEROVSKITE PHOTOELECTRIC CONVER...
- Publication number 20220093865
- Publication date Mar 24, 2022
- NISSAN CHEMICAL CORPORATION
- Shun SUGAWARA
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...

containing one or more sulfur atoms as the only heteroatom

Industry

Parent Industries

Current Industry

Patents Grantslast 30 patents

Ultrafast, high-energy supercapacitors with open-shell polymer-carb...

High yield storage materials

Organic semiconductor mixture and organic optoelectronic device con...

Semiconductor mixed material and application thereof

Polymer semiconductors containing acrylyl or acrylyl-like side chai...

Organic semiconducting compound and the organic photoelectric compo...

Blue-excitable water-solvated polymeric dyes

Photo-patternable organic semiconductor (OSC) polymers for organic...

Self-organized and electrically conducting PEDOT polymer matrix for...

Photodiode comprising fluropolymer compound

Modified conductive structure and method for producing the same

Electrochromic composite, electrochromic element comprising same, a...

Acqueous composition comprising a conductive polymer and use thereof

Substituted thiophene oligomers and polymers

High transparency electrochromic polymers

Fused dithieno benzothiadiazole polymers for organic photovolatics

Infrared absorbing polymer, infrared absorbing/blocking film, photo...

Unsymmetrical benzothtadiazole-based random copolymers

Conductive polymer dispersion and method for preparing same, and me...

Polymers containing indacen-4-one derivatives

Open-shell conjugated polymer conductors, composites, and compositions

Preparation method of polymer

Thermally stable and solvent-resistant conductive polymer composites

Liquid composition, metallic luster film, and article

Polymer material, material for electroluminescence device, liquid c...

Microelectronic package electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection

Polymer semiconductors, stretchable polymer thin films, and electro...

Unsymmetrical Benzothiadiazole-based random copolymers

Polymer, organic solar cell comprising polymer, perovskite solar ce...

Polymer and organic solar cell comprising same

Patents Applicationslast 30 patents

OPEN-SHELL CONJUGATED POLYMER CONDUCTORS, COMPOSITES, AND COMPOSITIONS

BLOCK CONJUGATED POLYMER MATERIAL AND ACTIVE LAYER MATERIAL AND ORG...

ORGANIC INFRARED PHOTODETECTION DEVICES UTILIZING AN INSULATIVE COM...

POLYMER

QUINOXALINE-BASED CONJUGATED POLYMER, CONTAINING CYANO GROUP, FOR P...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CONDUCTIVE PEDOT:PSS PARTICLES

ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR MIXTURE AND ORGANIC OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE CON...

HIGH TRANSPARENCY ELECTROCHROMIC POLYMERS

HIGH TRANSPARENCY ELECTROCHROMIC POLYMERS

POLY(THIOPHENE-CO-BENZOTHIOPHENE-CO-DIBENZOTHIOPHENE) COPOLYMERS AN...

ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTING COMPOUNDS

FLUORINE-SUBSTITUTED PI-BRIDGE (?-BRIDGE) SELENIDE POLYMER ACCEPTOR...

FUSED DITHIENO BENZOTHIADIAZOLE POLYMERS FOR ORGANIC PHOTOVOLATICS

FUSED DITHIENO BENZOTHIADIAZOLE POLYMERS FOR ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS

THE ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTING COMPOUND AND THE ORGANIC PHOTOELECTRIC C...

COMPOSITION FOR OPTICAL MATERIAL

ULTRAFAST, HIGH-ENERGY SUPERCAPACITORS WITH OPEN-SHELL POLYMER-CARB...

POLYMERIC PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL WITH INVERTED STRUCTURE COMPRISING A CO...

POLYMER SEMICONDUCTORS, STRETCHABLE POLYMER THIN FILMS, AND ELECTRO...

Non-Fullerene Acceptor Polymer

POLYMERS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS

POLYTHIOPHENES IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

CONDUCTIVE POLYMER, CAPACITOR AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

n-TYPE SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENT, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING n-TYPE SEMIC...

ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS

SUBSTITUTED THIOPHENE OLIGOMERS AND POLYMERS

LIQUID COMPOSITION, METALLIC LUSTER FILM, AND ARTICLE

PHOTO-PATTERNABLE ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR (OSC) POLYMERS AND METHODS...

BIOCOMPATIBLE AND ELECTROCONDUCTIVE POLYMERIC MICRONEEDLE BIOSENSOR...

CHARGE-TRANSPORTING COMPOSITION FOR PEROVSKITE PHOTOELECTRIC CONVER...