Membership
Tour
Register
Log in
Esters of carboxylic acids Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
Follow
Industry
CPC
C07C69/00
This industry / category may be too specific. Please go to a parent level for more data
Parent Industries
C
CHEMISTRY METALLURGY
C07
Organic chemistry
C07C
ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
Current Industry
C07C69/00
Esters of carboxylic acids Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
Sub Industries
C07C69/003
Esters of saturated alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
C07C69/007
Esters of unsaturated alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
C07C69/01
Vinyl esters
C07C69/013
Esters of alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C69/017
Esters of hydroxy compounds having the esterified hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C69/02
Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen
C07C69/04
Formic acid esters
C07C69/06
of monohydroxylic compounds
C07C69/07
of unsaturated alcohols
C07C69/08
of dihydroxylic compounds
C07C69/10
of trihydroxylic compounds
C07C69/12
Acetic acid esters
C07C69/14
of monohydroxylic compounds
C07C69/145
of unsaturated alcohols
C07C69/15
Vinyl acetate
C07C69/155
Allyl acetate
C07C69/157
containing six-membered aromatic rings
C07C69/16
of dihydroxylic compounds
C07C69/18
of trihydroxylic compounds
C07C69/21
of hydroxy compounds with more than three hydroxy groups
C07C69/22
having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety
C07C69/24
esterified with monohydroxylic compounds
C07C69/26
Synthetic waxes
C07C69/28
esterified with dihydroxylic compounds
C07C69/30
esterified with trihydroxylic compounds
C07C69/33
esterified with hydroxy compounds having more than three hydroxy groups
C07C69/34
Esters of acyclic saturated polycarboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
C07C69/36
Oxalic acid esters
C07C69/38
Malonic acid esters
C07C69/40
Succinic acid esters
C07C69/42
Glutaric acid esters
C07C69/44
Adipic acid esters
C07C69/46
Pimelic acid esters
C07C69/48
Azelaic acid esters
C07C69/50
Sebacic acid esters
C07C69/52
Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
C07C69/533
Monocarboxylic acid esters having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
C07C69/54
Acrylic acid esters Methacrylic acid esters
C07C69/56
Crotonic acid esters Vinyl acetic acid esters
C07C69/58
Esters of straight chain acids with eighteen carbon atoms in the acid moiety
C07C69/587
Monocarboxylic acid esters having at least two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
C07C69/593
Dicarboxylic acid esters having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
C07C69/60
Maleic acid esters Fumaric acid esters
C07C69/602
Dicarboxylic acid esters having at least two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
C07C69/604
Polycarboxylic acid esters, the acid moiety containing more than two carboxyl groups
C07C69/606
having only or additionally carbon-to-carbon triple bonds as unsaturation in the carboxylic acid moiety
C07C69/608
Esters of carboxylic acids having a carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom and having a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring in the acid moiety
C07C69/612
Esters of carboxylic acids having a carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom and having a six-membered aromatic ring in the acid moiety
C07C69/614
of phenylacetic acid
C07C69/616
polycyclic
C07C69/618
having unsaturation outside the six-membered aromatic ring
C07C69/62
Halogen-containing esters
C07C69/63
of saturated acids
C07C69/635
containing rings in the acid moiety
C07C69/65
of unsaturated acids
C07C69/653
Acrylic acid esters Methacrylic acid esters Haloacrylic acid esters Halomethacrylic acid esters
C07C69/657
Maleic acid esters Fumaric acid esters Halomaleic acid esters Halofumaric acid esters
C07C69/66
Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O-metal, -CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety
C07C69/67
of saturated acids
C07C69/675
of saturated hydroxy-carboxylic acids
C07C69/68
Lactic acid esters
C07C69/70
Tartaric acid esters
C07C69/704
Citric acid esters
C07C69/708
Ethers
C07C69/712
the hydroxy group of the ester being etherified with a hydroxy compound having the hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C69/716
Esters of keto-carboxylic acids or aldehydo-carboxylic acids
C07C69/72
Acetoacetic acid esters
C07C69/73
of unsaturated acids
C07C69/732
of unsaturated hydroxy carboxylic acids
C07C69/734
Ethers
C07C69/736
the hydroxy group of the ester being etherified with a hydroxy compound having the hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C69/738
Esters of keto-carboxylic acids or aldehydo-carboxylic acids
C07C69/74
Esters of carboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C69/743
of acids with a three-membered ring and with unsaturation outside the ring
C07C69/747
Chrysanthemumic acid esters
C07C69/75
of acids with a six-membered ring
C07C69/753
of polycyclic acids
C07C69/757
having any of the groups OH, O-metal, -CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety
C07C69/76
Esters of carboxylic acids having a carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C69/78
Benzoic acid esters
C07C69/80
Phthalic acid esters
C07C69/82
Terephthalic acid esters
C07C69/84
of monocyclic hydroxy carboxylic acids, the hydroxy groups and the carboxyl groups of which are bound to carbon atoms of a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C69/86
with esterified hydroxyl groups
C07C69/88
with esterified carboxyl groups
C07C69/90
with esterified hydroxyl and carboxyl groups
C07C69/92
with etherified hydroxyl groups
C07C69/94
of polycyclic hydroxy carboxylic acids, the hydroxy groups and the carboxyl groups of which are bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
C07C69/95
Esters of quinone carboxylic acids
C07C69/96
Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
Industries
Overview
Organizations
People
Information
Impact
Please log in for detailed analytics
Patents Grants
last 30 patents
Information
Patent Grant
Water soluble antiviral and antimicrobial compound and process for...
Patent number
12,281,070
Issue date
Apr 22, 2025
Nilanjan Deb
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
Diester compound having a dimethylcyclobutane ring, a process for p...
Patent number
12,281,069
Issue date
Apr 22, 2025
Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
Naoki Ishibashi
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
(Meth)acrylate, monomer composition, molded body, composition for d...
Patent number
12,275,814
Issue date
Apr 15, 2025
Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
Naoyuki Kakinuma
C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information
Patent Grant
Eicosapentaenoic acid alkyl ester-containing composition and method...
Patent number
12,275,699
Issue date
Apr 15, 2025
NISSHIN PHARMA INC.
Ichiro Goto
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
Process for preparing tapinarof
Patent number
12,275,696
Issue date
Apr 15, 2025
Dermavant Sciences GmbH
Ian Paul Andrews
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Grant
Method of preparing diester-based material
Patent number
12,275,698
Issue date
Apr 15, 2025
LG Chem, Ltd.
Jae Hun Jeong
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
Bifunctional linker for bisconjugation, method of synthesis, and me...
Patent number
12,269,797
Issue date
Apr 8, 2025
The Johns Hopkins University
Reid E. Messersmith
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Grant
Second generation GRP94-selective inhibitors
Patent number
12,269,798
Issue date
Apr 8, 2025
University of Kansas
Brian S. J. Blagg
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Grant
Platform drug delivery system utilizing crystal engineering and the...
Patent number
12,268,783
Issue date
Apr 8, 2025
THEAPRIN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Harry G. Brittain
Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMA...
Information
Patent Grant
Electrolyte, electrochemical device, lithium ion secondary battery,...
Patent number
12,272,789
Issue date
Apr 8, 2025
Daikin Industries, Ltd.
Yoshiko Kuwajima
H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information
Patent Grant
Cyclohexane dicarboxylate mixed ester compositions useful as plasti...
Patent number
12,264,230
Issue date
Apr 1, 2025
Eastman Chemical Company
Joseph Alexander DeLoach
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
Fungicidal compounds
Patent number
12,262,710
Issue date
Apr 1, 2025
Syngenta Crop Protection AG
Stefano Rendine
A01 - AGRICULTURE FORESTRY ANIMAL HUSBANDRY HUNTING TRAPPING FISHING
Information
Patent Grant
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate delivering compounds and processes for making...
Patent number
12,251,445
Issue date
Mar 18, 2025
Zevra Therapeutics, Inc.
Sanjib Bera
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Grant
Process for preparing solid catalyst components for olefin polymeri...
Patent number
12,240,925
Issue date
Mar 4, 2025
W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.
Vladimir P. Marin
B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information
Patent Grant
Process for the synthesis of calebin-a and its intermediates
Patent number
12,240,808
Issue date
Mar 4, 2025
Muhammed Majeed
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
Process for preparing an aqueous gel ink with fixed color comprisin...
Patent number
12,240,984
Issue date
Mar 4, 2025
Societe BIC
Olivier Albenge
B22 - CASTING POWDER METALLURGY
Information
Patent Grant
Method for producing peptide compound
Patent number
12,240,871
Issue date
Mar 4, 2025
NISSAN CHEMICAL CORPORATION
Hisayuki Takeuchi
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
Compound, polymer, pattern forming material, pattern forming method...
Patent number
12,228,860
Issue date
Feb 18, 2025
Kioxia Corporation
Norikatsu Sasao
H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information
Patent Grant
Processes to produce brivaracetam
Patent number
12,221,413
Issue date
Feb 11, 2025
SUZHOU PENGXU PHARMATECH CO. LTD.
Peng Wang
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
Compounds, derivatives, and analogs for cancer
Patent number
12,220,423
Issue date
Feb 11, 2025
HYGIA PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC
Barbara Brooke Jennings
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
Process for making novel polycondensation pre-polyesters, other cop...
Patent number
12,215,186
Issue date
Feb 4, 2025
Eastman Chemical Company
Robert Jacks Sharpe
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
Compositions and methods for protein labeling, modification, analys...
Patent number
12,215,078
Issue date
Feb 4, 2025
University of Massachusetts
Sankaran Thayumanavan
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Grant
Phenol compound, conductive paste composition, method for producing...
Patent number
12,215,243
Issue date
Feb 4, 2025
Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
Koji Hasegawa
C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information
Patent Grant
Chlor-alkali and carbon monoxide electrolyzer integration
Patent number
12,209,322
Issue date
Jan 28, 2025
Dioxycle
Ruperto G Mariano
C25 - ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES APPARATUS THEREFOR
Information
Patent Grant
Bicyclic-fused heteroaryl or aryl compounds
Patent number
12,202,836
Issue date
Jan 21, 2025
Pfizer Inc.
John David Trzupek
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Grant
Thermochromic pigment compositions
Patent number
12,202,994
Issue date
Jan 21, 2025
Societe BIC
Christelle Debrauwer
C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information
Patent Grant
Compound for use in colour change compositions
Patent number
12,202,981
Issue date
Jan 21, 2025
Societe BIC
Bagavant Shivkumar
C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information
Patent Grant
Method of purification and purified products
Patent number
12,194,393
Issue date
Jan 14, 2025
NISSUI CORPORATION
Kiyomi Furihata
G01 - MEASURING TESTING
Information
Patent Grant
Antihypertensive polyol compound and derivative thereof
Patent number
12,180,146
Issue date
Dec 31, 2024
TAO PHARMACEUTICAL (SUZHOU) CO. LTD
Honglin Li
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Grant
Method of treating ocular disorders with compounds found in Harderi...
Patent number
12,180,153
Issue date
Dec 31, 2024
RestorTears, LLC
Daniel M. Albert
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Patents Applications
last 30 patents
Information
Patent Application
PROCESS FOR PREPARING ACYL-CAPPED 3-HYDROXYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THE...
Publication number
20250129008
Publication date
Apr 24, 2025
KetoLipix Therapeutics GmbH
Dirk LOCHMANN
C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information
Patent Application
NOVEL PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF BILASTINE AND INTERMEDIATES TH...
Publication number
20250129039
Publication date
Apr 24, 2025
Biophore India Pharmaceuticals PVT. Ltd.
Manik Reddy Pullagurla
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Application
RESIST COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR FORMING RESIST PATTERN, AND COMPOUND
Publication number
20250130492
Publication date
Apr 24, 2025
Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.
Tetsuya Matsushita
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Application
COMPOUNDS FOR REDUCING NEUROINFLAMMATION
Publication number
20250122146
Publication date
Apr 17, 2025
The Scripps Research Institute
Stuart Lipton
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Application
GINGERENONE A PRODRUGS AS SENSOTHERAPEUTICS AND METHODS OF USE
Publication number
20250115543
Publication date
Apr 10, 2025
The USA, as represented by the Secretary, Department of Health and Human Serv...
Ruin Moaddel
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Application
MONOMER, POLYMER, CHEMICALLY AMPLIFIED RESIST COMPOSITION, AND PATT...
Publication number
20250110405
Publication date
Apr 3, 2025
Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
Masahiro Fukushima
G03 - PHOTOGRAPHY CINEMATOGRAPHY ELECTROGRAPHY HOLOGRAPHY
Information
Patent Application
POSITIVE ELECTRODE ADDITIVE, POSITIVE ELECTRODE PLATE AND PREPARATI...
Publication number
20250112239
Publication date
Apr 3, 2025
NINGDE AMPEREX TECHNOLOGY LIMITED
Changtong Zhou
H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information
Patent Application
ATROPISOMER OF 1,1'-BINAPHTHYL DERIVATIVE, POLYMERIZABLE LIQUID CRY...
Publication number
20250101307
Publication date
Mar 27, 2025
Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha
Kouichi TANAKA
C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information
Patent Application
ADDITIVE FOR IMPARTING ULTRAVIOLET ABSORBENCY AND/OR HIGH REFRACTIV...
Publication number
20250101005
Publication date
Mar 27, 2025
MIYOSHI OIL & FAT CO., LTD.
Koji KAWAI
C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information
Patent Application
PREPARATION OF A COMPOUND FOR THE TREATMENT OF GOUT OR HYPERURICEMIA
Publication number
20250100988
Publication date
Mar 27, 2025
ARTHROSI THERAPEUTICS, INC.
Shunqi YAN
B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information
Patent Application
PHOSPHONATE-FREE CHELATING AGENTS AND METHODS FOR FABRIC CARE
Publication number
20250101344
Publication date
Mar 27, 2025
The Procter & Gamble Company
Sherri Lynn RANDALL
C11 - ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES AND WAXES FATTY ACIDS...
Information
Patent Application
BISPHENOL DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS ANDROGEN RECEPTOR ACTIVITY M...
Publication number
20250100986
Publication date
Mar 27, 2025
PROVINCIAL HEALTH SERVICES AUTHORITY
Raymond John ANDERSEN
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Application
ELECTROLYTE SOLVENTS AND METHODS FOR LITHIUM METAL AND LITHIUM ION...
Publication number
20250105357
Publication date
Mar 27, 2025
The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University
Yi CUI
H01 - BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Information
Patent Application
METHOD OF PURIFICATION AND PURIFIED PRODUCTS
Publication number
20250090978
Publication date
Mar 20, 2025
NISSUI CORPORATION
Kiyomi FURIHATA
B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information
Patent Application
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR GENERATION OF HYPERPOLARIZED MATERIALS
Publication number
20250091980
Publication date
Mar 20, 2025
NVISION IMAGING TECHNOLOGIES GMBH
Ilai SCHWARTZ
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Application
FRAGRANCES AND FRAGRANCE MIXTURES
Publication number
20250090436
Publication date
Mar 20, 2025
SYMRISE AG
Vijayanand Chandrasekaran
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Application
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MODIFIED VOLTAGE STABILIZER, AND PREPARATION METHO...
Publication number
20250084261
Publication date
Mar 13, 2025
ELECTRIC PWR. RES. INST. CHINA SOUTHERN POWER GRID
Shuai HOU
C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information
Patent Application
Improved synthesis of lysine acetylsalicylate - Glycine particles
Publication number
20250073250
Publication date
Mar 6, 2025
ASPIAIR GMBH
Karlheinz Nocker
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Application
CANNABIGEROQUINONE COMPOUNDS, COMPOSITIONS INCLUDING SUCH COMPOUNDS...
Publication number
20250073184
Publication date
Mar 6, 2025
Juva Life, Inc.
Sanjeev Gangwar
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Application
Anticonvulsant Compounds
Publication number
20250074861
Publication date
Mar 6, 2025
Owen-Barry Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Michael POULTER (Deceased)
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Application
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF UPADACITINIB
Publication number
20250074912
Publication date
Mar 6, 2025
MSN LABORATORIES PRIVATE LIMITED, R&D CENTER
Thirumalai Rajan SRINIVASAN
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Application
INTRAMOLECULAR COMPLEX HINDERED PHENOL COMPOUND, PREPARATION METHOD...
Publication number
20250074860
Publication date
Mar 6, 2025
RIANLON CORPORATION
Chunguang SUN
C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information
Patent Application
A POLYMER TO INCREASE THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUND
Publication number
20250073167
Publication date
Mar 6, 2025
CATALYA
Christian GRANDFILS
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Application
AMINE-PROTECTING GROUP
Publication number
20250066393
Publication date
Feb 27, 2025
SYNCREST INC.
Pengyu XU
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Application
CATALYST-FREE CROSSLINKING OF PROPIOLATE-ESTER-FUNCTIONALIZED MOLEC...
Publication number
20250068077
Publication date
Feb 27, 2025
Brewer Science, Inc.
Daniel Patrick Sweat
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Application
Polyol-Derived Compounds
Publication number
20250066408
Publication date
Feb 27, 2025
Arxada AG
Ulrich Mayerhoeffer
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Application
ELECTROCHEMICAL TYPE BIOSENSORS COMPRISING RESORCARENES
Publication number
20250067701
Publication date
Feb 27, 2025
Biosensing S.r.l.
Bruno BOTTA
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Application
BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL) TEREPHTHALATE WITH LOW NITROGEN CONTENT
Publication number
20250059318
Publication date
Feb 20, 2025
IFP Energies nouvelles
Guillaume BLANCKE
C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information
Patent Application
Anti-inflammatory Compounds, Pharmaceutical Compositions, and Treat...
Publication number
20250059177
Publication date
Feb 20, 2025
Miralogx LLC
Jonnie R. Williams
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information
Patent Application
REACTIVE GROUP-INCLUDING POLYCAPROLACTONE COMPOUND, NOVEL SILICONE...
Publication number
20250057754
Publication date
Feb 20, 2025
Dow Toray Co., Ltd.
Tsunehito SUGIURA
A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE