Filters comprising loose filtering material

BPERFORMING OPERATIONS TRANSPORTING B01Physical, chemical processing B01DSEPARATION

B01D24/00Filters comprising loose filtering material

B01D24/001Making filter elements B01D24/002with multiple filtering elements in parallel connection B01D24/004arranged concentrically or coaxially B01D24/005Filters being divided into a plurality of cells or compartments B01D24/007with multiple filtering elements in series connection B01D24/008arranged concentrically or coaxially B01D24/02with the filter bed stationary during the filtration B01D24/04the filtering material being clamped between pervious fixed walls B01D24/042the filtering material being held in a flexible porous bag B01D24/045with at least one flat vertical wall B01D24/047with vertical tubes distributing the liquid to be filtered or for collecting filtrate B01D24/06the pervious walls comprising a series of louvres or slots B01D24/08the filtering material being supported by at least two pervious coaxial walls B01D24/10the filtering material being held in a closed container B01D24/105downward filtration without specifications about the filter material supporting means B01D24/12Downward filtration, the filtering material being supported by pervious surfaces B01D24/14Downward filtration, the container having distribution or collection headers or pervious conduits B01D24/16Upward filtration B01D24/165the filtering material being supported by pervious surfaces B01D24/167the container having distribution or collection headers or pervious conduits B01D24/18Combined upward and downward filtration B01D24/183the filtering material being supported by pervious surfaces B01D24/186the container having distribution or collection headers or pervious conduits B01D24/20the filtering material being provided in an open container B01D24/205Downward filtration without specifications about the filter material supporting means B01D24/22Downward filtration, the filter material being supported by pervious surfaces B01D24/24Downward filtration, the container having distribution or collection headers or pervious conduits B01D24/26Upward filtration B01D24/263the filtering material being supported by pervious surfaces B01D24/266the container having distribution or collection headers or pervious conduits B01D24/28with the filter bed moving during the filtration B01D24/30Translation B01D24/305Vibrations B01D24/32Rotation B01D24/34with the filtering material and its pervious support moving B01D24/36with the filter bed fluidised during the filtration B01D24/38Feed or discharge devices B01D24/383using multiple way valves B01D24/386internal recirculation B01D24/40for feeding B01D24/402containing fixed liquid displacement elements or cores B01D24/405Special treatment of the feed stream before contacting the filtering material B01D24/407provoking a tangential stream B01D24/42for discharging filtrate B01D24/425containing fixed liquid displacement elements or cores B01D24/44for discharging filter cake B01D24/46Regenerating the filtering material in the filter B01D24/4605by scrapers, brushes, nozzles or the like placed on the cake-side of the stationary filtering material and only contacting the external layer B01D24/461by scrapers B01D24/4615by brushes B01D24/4621by nozzles acting on the cake side of the filter material, or by fluids acting in co-current direction with the feed stream B01D24/4626Construction of spray heads specially adapted for regeneration of the filter material or for filtrate discharging B01D24/4631Counter-current flushing B01D24/4636with backwash shoes; with nozzles B01D24/4642with valves B01D24/4647with a rectilinear movement of the closing means B01D24/4652by using gasbumps B01D24/4657by using membranes B01D24/4663by using pistons B01D24/4668by moving the filtering element B01D24/4673using rotary devices or vibration mechanisms B01D24/4678using free vortex flow B01D24/4684using spray devices B01D24/4689Displacement of the filtering material to a compartment of the filtering device for regeneration B01D24/4694containing filter material retaining means ( B01D24/48integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration B01D24/4807Handling the filter cake for purposes other than regenerating B01D24/4815for washing B01D24/4823for drying B01D24/483by compression B01D24/4838by gases or by heating B01D24/4846Retarding cake deposition on the filter during the filtration period B01D24/4853by clearness or turbidity measuring B01D24/4861by flow measuring B01D24/4869by level measuring B01D24/4876in which the filtering elements are moved between filtering operations; particular measures for removing or replacing the filtering elements B01D24/4884by pressure measuring B01D24/4892by temperature measuring