Joining or sealing of preformed parts

BPERFORMING OPERATIONS TRANSPORTING B29Plastic substance processing B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS SHAPING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE, IN GENERAL AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS

B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts

B29C65/002Joining methods not otherwise provided for B29C65/004Cold joining B29C65/006Diffusion joining B29C65/008making use of electrostatic charges B29C65/02by heating, with or without pressure B29C65/022Particular heating or welding methods not otherwise provided for B29C65/024making use of combustible material B29C65/026making use of hot liquids B29C65/028making use of inherent heat B29C65/04Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding B29C65/06using friction B29C65/0609characterised by the movement of the parts to be joined B29C65/0618Linear B29C65/0627Angular B29C65/0636Orbital B29C65/0645Circular B29C65/0654Elliptical B29C65/0663Other specific orbital movements not provided for in B29C65/0645 - B29C65/0654 B29C65/0672Spin welding B29C65/0681created by a tool B29C65/069the welding tool cooperating with specially formed features of at least one of the parts to be joined B29C65/08using ultrasonic vibrations B29C65/081having a component of vibration not perpendicular to the welding surface B29C65/082Angular B29C65/083using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil B29C65/085using a rotary sonotrode B29C65/086using a rotary anvil B29C65/087using both a rotary sonotrode and a rotary anvil B29C65/088using several cooperating sonotrodes, i.e. interacting with each other B29C65/10using hot gases ( B29C65/103direct heating both surfaces to be joined B29C65/106using flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined B29C65/12and welding bar B29C65/125characterised by the composition of the welding bar B29C65/14using wave energy B29C65/1403characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation B29C65/1406Ultraviolet [UV] radiation B29C65/1409Visible light radiation B29C65/1412Infrared [IR] radiation B29C65/1416Near-infrared radiation [NIR] B29C65/1419Mid-infrared radiation [MIR] B29C65/1422Far-infrared radiation [FIR] B29C65/1425Micro-wave radiation B29C65/1429characterised by the way of heating the interface B29C65/1432direct heating of the surfaces to be joined B29C65/1435at least passing through one of the parts to be joined B29C65/1438focusing the wave energy or particle radiation on the interface B29C65/1441making use of a reflector on the opposite side B29C65/1445heating both sides of the joint B29C65/1448radiating the edges of the parts to be joined B29C65/1451radiating the edges of holes or perforations B29C65/1454scanning at least one of the parts to be joined B29C65/1458once B29C65/1461repeatedly B29C65/1464making use of several radiators B29C65/1467at the same time B29C65/1477making use of an absorber or impact modifier B29C65/148placed at the interface B29C65/1483coated on the article B29C65/1487making use of light guides B29C65/149being a part of the joined article B29C65/1493in the form of a cavity B29C65/1496making use of masks B29C65/16Laser beams B29C65/1603characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation B29C65/1606Ultraviolet [UV] radiation B29C65/1609Visible light radiation B29C65/1612Infrared [IR] radiation B29C65/1616Near infrared radiation [NIR] B29C65/1619Mid infrared radiation [MIR] B29C65/1622Far infrared radiation [FIR] B29C65/1629characterised by the way of heating the interface B29C65/1632direct heating the surfaces to be joined B29C65/1635at least passing through one of the parts to be joined B29C65/1638focusing the laser beam on the interface B29C65/1641making use of a reflector on the opposite side B29C65/1645heating both sides of the joint B29C65/1648radiating the edges of the parts to be joined B29C65/1651radiating the edges of holes or perforations B29C65/1654scanning at least one of the parts to be joined B29C65/1658scanning once B29C65/1661scanning repeatedly B29C65/1664making use of several radiators B29C65/1667at the same time B29C65/167using laser diodes B29C65/1674making use of laser diodes B29C65/1677making use of an absorber or impact modifier B29C65/168placed at the interface B29C65/1683coated on the article B29C65/1687making use of light guides B29C65/169being a part of the joined article B29C65/1693in the form of a cavity B29C65/1696making use of masks B29C65/18using heated tools B29C65/20with direct contact B29C65/2007characterised by the type of welding mirror B29C65/2015being a single welding mirror comprising several separate heating surfaces in different planes B29C65/2023said welding mirror comprising several sectors B29C65/203being several single mirrors B29C65/2038being a wire B29C65/2046using a welding mirror which also cuts the parts to be joined B29C65/2053characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position B29C65/2061by sliding B29C65/2069with an angle with respect to the plane comprising the parts to be joined B29C65/2076perpendicularly to the plane comprising the parts to be joined B29C65/2084by pivoting B29C65/2092and involving the use of a facer B29C65/22Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip B29C65/221characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip B29C65/222comprising at least a single heated wire B29C65/223comprising several heated wires B29C65/224being a resistive ribbon, a resistive band or a resistive strip B29C65/225being a coating or being printed B29C65/226characterised by the cross-section of said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip B29C65/227said cross-section being hollow B29C65/228characterised by the means for electrically connecting the ends of said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip B29C65/229characterised by the means for tensioning said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip B29C65/24characterised by the means for heating the tool B29C65/242the heat transfer being achieved by contact B29C65/245the heat transfer being achieved contactless B29C65/247the heat resulting from a chemical reaction B29C65/26Hot fluid B29C65/28Flame or combustible material B29C65/30Electrical means B29C65/305involving the use of cartridge heaters B29C65/32Induction B29C65/34using heated elements which remain in the joint B29C65/3404characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint B29C65/3408comprising single particles B29C65/3412comprising fillers B29C65/3416comprising discontinuous fibre-reinforcements B29C65/342comprising at least a single wire B29C65/3424said at least a single wire having the form of a coil spring B29C65/3428said at least a single wire having a waveform B29C65/3432comprising several wires B29C65/3436comprising independent continuous fibre-reinforcements B29C65/344being a woven or non-woven fabric or being a mesh B29C65/3444being a ribbon, band or strip B29C65/3448said ribbon, band or strip being perforated B29C65/3452forming a sleeve B29C65/3456being a layer of a multilayer part to be joined B29C65/346being a coating or being printed B29C65/3464characterised by the cross-section of said heated elements which remain in the joint or by the cross-section of their coating B29C65/3468characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join B29C65/3472characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint B29C65/3476being metallic B29C65/348with a polymer coating B29C65/3484being non-metallic B29C65/3488being an electrically conductive polymer B29C65/3492being carbon B29C65/3496with a coating B29C65/36heated by induction B29C65/3604characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint B29C65/3608comprising single particles B29C65/3612comprising fillers B29C65/3616comprising discontinuous fibre-reinforcements B29C65/362comprising at least a single wire B29C65/3624said at least a single wire having the form of a coil spring B29C65/3628said at least a single wire having a waveform B29C65/3632comprising several wires B29C65/3636comprising independent continuous fibre-reinforcements B29C65/364being a woven or non-woven fabric or being a mesh B29C65/3644being a ribbon, band or strip B29C65/3648said strip being perforated B29C65/3652forming a sleeve B29C65/3656being a layer of a multilayer part to be joined B29C65/366being a coating or being printed B29C65/3668characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join B29C65/3672characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint B29C65/3676being metallic B29C65/368with a polymer coating B29C65/3684being non-metallic B29C65/3696with a coating B29C65/38Impulse heating B29C65/40Applying molten plastics B29C65/405characterised by the composition of the applied molten plastics B29C65/42between pre-assembled parts B29C65/425characterised by the composition of the molten plastics applied between pre-assembled parts B29C65/44Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element B29C65/46heated by induction B29C65/48using adhesives B29C65/4805characterised by the type of adhesives B29C65/481Non-reactive adhesives B29C65/4815Hot melt adhesives B29C65/482Drying adhesives B29C65/4825Pressure sensitive adhesives B29C65/483Reactive adhesives B29C65/4835Heat curing adhesives B29C65/484Moisture curing adhesives B29C65/4845Radiation curing adhesives B29C65/485Multi-component adhesives B29C65/4855characterised by their physical properties B29C65/486characterised by their physical form being non-liquid B29C65/4865containing additives B29C65/487characterised by their shape B29C65/4875being spherical B29C65/488being longitudinal B29C65/4885characterised by their composition being non-plastics B29C65/489being metals B29C65/4895Solvent bonding B29C65/50using adhesive tape B29C65/5007characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like B29C65/5014being fibre-reinforced B29C65/5021being multi-layered B29C65/5028being textile in woven or non-woven form B29C65/5035being in thread form, i.e. in the form of a single filament B29C65/5042covering both elements to be joined B29C65/505and placed in a recess formed in the parts to be joined B29C65/5057positioned between the surfaces to be joined B29C65/5064of particular form B29C65/5071and being composed by one single element B29C65/5078and being composed by several elements B29C65/5085and comprising grooves B29C65/5092characterised by the tape handling mechanisms B29C65/52characterised by the way of applying the adhesive B29C65/521by spin coating B29C65/522by spraying B29C65/523by dipping B29C65/524by applying the adhesive from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface of the part to be joined B29C65/525by extrusion coating B29C65/526by printing or by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the adhesive B29C65/527by gravity only B29C65/528by CVD or by PVD B29C65/54between pre-assembled parts B29C65/542by injection B29C65/544by suction B29C65/546by gravity B29C65/548by capillarity B29C65/56using mechanical means or mechanical connections B29C65/561using screw-threads being integral at least to one of the parts to be joined B29C65/562using extra joining elements B29C65/564hidden in the joint B29C65/565involving interference fits B29C65/567using a tamping or a swaging operation B29C65/568using a swaging operation B29C65/58Snap connection B29C65/60Riveting or staking B29C65/601using extra riveting elements B29C65/602using hollow rivets B29C65/603the rivets being pushed in blind holes B29C65/604in both parts B29C65/605the rivets being molded in place B29C65/606the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined B29C65/607the integral rivets being hollow B29C65/608the integral rivets being pushed in blind holes B29C65/609the integral rivets being plunge-formed B29C65/62Stitching B29C65/64Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element B29C65/645using friction or ultrasonic vibrations B29C65/66by liberation of internal stresses B29C65/665using shrinking during cooling B29C65/68using auxiliary shrinkable elements B29C65/70by moulding B29C65/72by combined operations or combined techniques B29C65/74by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area B29C65/741characterised by the relationships between the joining step and the severing step B29C65/7411characterised by the temperature relationship between the joining step and the severing step B29C65/7412the joining step and the severing step being performed at different temperatures B29C65/7415characterised by the pressure relationship between the joining step and the severing step B29C65/7416the joining step and the severing step being performed at different pressures B29C65/7419characterised by the time relationship between the joining step and the severing step, said joining step and said severing step being performed by the same tool but at different times B29C65/743using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc B29C65/7433the tool being a wire B29C65/7435the tool being a roller B29C65/7437the tool being a perforating tool B29C65/7439for continuously and longitudinally welding and severing webs B29C65/7441for making welds and cuts of other than simple rectilinear form B29C65/7443by means of ultrasonic vibrations B29C65/745using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool B29C65/7451the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another B29C65/7453the severing tool being a wire B29C65/7455the unit being a roller B29C65/7457comprising a perforating tool B29C65/7459for continuously and longitudinally welding and severing webs B29C65/7461for making welds and cuts of other than simple rectilinear form B29C65/747using other than mechanical means B29C65/7471using a fluid B29C65/7473using radiation B29C65/749Removing scrap B29C65/76Making non-permanent or releasable joints B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined B29C65/7802Positioning the parts to be joined B29C65/7805the parts to be joined comprising positioning features B29C65/7808in the form of holes or slots B29C65/7811for centring purposes B29C65/7814in the form of inter-cooperating positioning features B29C65/7817in the form of positioning marks B29C65/782by setting the gap between the parts to be joined B29C65/7823by using distance pieces B29C65/7826said distance pieces being non-integral with the parts to be joined B29C65/7829said distance pieces being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined B29C65/7832by setting the overlap between the parts to be joined B29C65/7835by using stops B29C65/7838from the inside B29C65/7841Holding or clamping means for handling purposes B29C65/7844cooperating with specially formed features of at least one of the parts to be joined B29C65/7847using vacuum to hold at least one of the parts to be joined B29C65/785using magnetic forces to hold at least one of the parts to be joined B29C65/7852using electrostatic forces to hold at least one of the parts to be joined B29C65/7855Provisory fixing B29C65/7858characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined B29C65/7861In-line machines B29C65/7864using a feeding table which moves to and fro B29C65/7867using carriers, provided with holding means, said carriers moving in a closed path B29C65/787using conveyor belts or conveyor chains B29C65/7873using cooperating conveyor belts or cooperating conveyor chains B29C65/7876oscillating around an axis B29C65/7879said parts to be joined moving in a closed path B29C65/7882said parts to be joined moving in a circular path B29C65/7885Rotary turret joining machines B29C65/7888Means for handling of moving sheets or webs B29C65/7891of discontinuously moving sheets or webs B29C65/7894of continuously moving sheets or webs B29C65/7897Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus B29C65/80Rotatable transfer means for loading or unloading purposes B29C65/82Testing the joint B29C65/8207by mechanical methods B29C65/8215Tensile tests B29C65/8223Peel tests B29C65/823Bend tests B29C65/8238Impact tests B29C65/8246Pressure tests B29C65/8253by the use of waves or particle radiation B29C65/8261by the use of thermal means B29C65/8269by the use of electric or magnetic means B29C65/8276by the use of electric means B29C65/8284by the use of magnetic means B29C65/8292by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves