The instant disclosure relates generally to percutaneous access and, more specifically, to methods and devices associated with percutaneous access. Generally, the instant disclosure relates to an access port for subcutaneous implantation. In one embodiment, an access port may allow a physician or other medical personnel to obtain long term percutaneous access to the interior of a patient's body. Employing an access port for percutaneous access may reduce the opportunity for infection by inhibiting fluid connections (that extend into the interior of a patient's body) from the patient's skin and from the external environment. The access device allows access to the interior of the patient without requiring a needle to pierce the skin. Further, internal components, such as a catheter or a valve, may be replaced without a surgical procedure. Features or aspects of the instant disclosure may apply to any such access ports for subcutaneous access to a patient, without limitation. The access port may be injected by hand (e.g., via a syringe including a needle) for example, or may be injected and pressurized by mechanical assistance (e.g., a so-called power injectable port).
Power injectable ports may be employed in, among other processes, for example, computed tomography (“CT”) scanning processes. More particularly, a so-called “power injector” system may be employed for injecting contrast media into a peripherally inserted intravenous (IV) line. For example, such power injectors or injection systems may be commercially available from Medrad, Inc., a subsidiary of Schering AG, Germany and may be marketed under the trademark STELLANT®. Because fluid infusion procedures are often defined in terms of a desired flow rate of contrast media, such power injection systems are, in general, controllable by selecting a desired flow rate.
More specifically, the instant disclosure relates to an access port having at least one perceivable or identifiable feature for identifying the access port, wherein the identifiable feature is perceivable after the access port is implanted within a patient. For example, at least one or perhaps multiple identifiable feature(s) of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure may be correlative to information (e.g., a manufacturer's model or design) pertaining to the access port. Thus, an identifiable feature from an access port of a particular model may be unique in relation to most if not all other identifiable features of another access port of a different models or design. Of course, the at least one identifiable feature of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure may be further correlative with any information of interest, such as type of port, catheter type, date of manufacture, material lots, part numbers, etc. In one example, at least one identifiable feature of an access port may be correlative with the access port being power injectable. In this way, once at least one identifiable feature of an access port is observed or otherwise determined, correlation of such at least one feature of an access port may be accomplished, and information pertaining to the access port may be obtained.
In one embodiment, at least one feature may be perceived by palpation (i.e., to examine by touch), by way of other physical interaction, or by visual observation. Accordingly, a person of interest may touch or feel the access port through the skin to perceive at least one identifying characteristic thereof. In another embodiment, at least one identifiable feature may be perceived via x-ray or ultrasound imaging. In yet a further embodiment, at least one identifiable feature may be perceived through magnetic, light, or radio energy interaction or communication with the access port.
Turning to the embodiment wherein at least one feature may be perceived through palpation, other physical interaction, or visual observation, a topography or exterior surface feature of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure may be configured for perception. For example, referring to
The body 20 may be implanted in a patient 7, as shown in
Body 20 of access port 10 may comprise a bio-compatible material such as polysulfone, titanium, or any other suitably bio-compatible material as known in the art. Accordingly, the body 20 may be formed from a bio-compatible plastic material. If desired, the body 20 may comprise a penetrable material for penetration by sutures or needles. In another embodiment, and as discussed further hereinbelow, body 20 may comprise an impenetrable material such as, for instance, a metal if desired. Body 20 may include a concave bottom or, in another embodiment, may include a flat bottom, without limitation.
According to the instant disclosure, access port 10 may comprise a body 20 exhibiting at least one identifiable feature. More particularly, as shown in
As shown in
It may be appreciated that there are many variations to the geometry of access port 10 as shown in
In another embodiment, in another aspect contemplated by the instant disclosure, a template may be employed for perceiving at least one feature of an access port. For instance, a complementarily-shaped template may be positioned over and abutted against an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure so as to determine if the access port matches or substantially corresponds to the shape of the template. Such a process may reliably indicate or perceive at least one feature of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure. Of course, a plurality of templates corresponding to different models of access ports may be serially engaged with an unknown access port so as to perceive at least one feature thereof. Such a process may allow for identification (e.g., of a model or manufacturer) of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure.
In another aspect contemplated by the instant disclosure, an upper topography of an access port may include at least one feature for identifying the access port. For example, as shown in
In yet a further embodiment of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure, side regions 54 extending between rounded corner regions 30 may exhibit at least one perceivable feature. For example, as shown in
In a further embodiment of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure,
Of course, one or more side surfaces of an access port according to the instant disclosure may be configured for forming a body exhibiting a selected shape as may be desired. An elongated body portion of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure may form, in combination with other features as described hereinabove or, in another embodiment, taken alone, at least one perceivable feature for identification of an access port according to the instant disclosure.
It should be understood that the instant disclosure contemplates access ports having an exterior geometry that is not quadrilateral in nature. Rather, the instant disclosure contemplates that an access port may have an exterior which is generally cylindrical, generally conical, generally elliptical, generally oval, or an exterior that is otherwise arcuate in nature. Specifically, the instant disclosure contemplates that an access port having a substantially rounded or arcuate exterior may include at least one feature configured for identification of the access port after implantation. For example, as shown in
The instant disclosure further contemplates that at least one protrusion, protruding region, recess, recessed region, undulation, or adjacent features of different elevation may comprise a feature for identifying an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure. More specifically, upper topography 61C, as shown in
Further,
In a further embodiment of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure,
In a further embodiment of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure,
In a further embodiment of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure,
In a further embodiment of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure,
In a further embodiment of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure,
It should be understood from the above-described various embodiments of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure that many variations, additions, or different features may be encompassed by the instant disclosure. Thus, the instant disclosure is not limited to the several above-described exemplary embodiments.
For example, as shown in
Additionally, the instant disclosure contemplates access ports having an exterior geometry that is polygonal in nature. Specifically, the instant disclosure contemplates that an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure may exhibit a generally triangular exterior. Thus, as shown in
Additionally,
The instant disclosure also contemplates that at least one feature of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure may not be observable visually or by palpation but, rather, may be otherwise observable. For example, the instant disclosure contemplates that at least one feature of an access port may be observable through interaction with an imaging technology such as x-ray or ultrasound. For example, in one embodiment, a metal feature (e.g., a plate or other metal geometry) may be included by an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure. As may be appreciated, such a metal feature may be represented on an x-ray generated by exposure of the access port to x-ray energy while simultaneously exposing x-ray sensitive film to x-ray energy passing through the access port. Further, the instant disclosure contemplates that a size, shape, or both size and shape of a metal feature of an access port may be configured for enhancing identification of an access port. For example, assuming that a metal feature comprises a metal plate, a size, shape, or both may be selectively tailored for identification of an access port. Similarly, a feature of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure may be tailored for detection via ultrasound interaction. Such a feature may comprise an exterior topographical feature. In another embodiment, such a feature may comprise a composite structure including two or more materials that form an interface surface that may be identified by ultrasound imaging.
One example embodiment of a feature observable through interaction with imaging technology contemplated by the instant disclosure is shown in
As mentioned above,
Although also useful in access ports where only a portion of a port includes a metallic material, e.g., a metal plate, the engraving technique is well-suited in one embodiment for access ports that are composed of solid metal, such as titanium, stainless steel, or other materials that are typically radiopaque, i.e., non-transmissive to x-rays in sufficient thickness.
Regardless of the cut profile used, better contrast is achieved generally with greater engraving depth X. The optimal engraving depth X will depend, however, on the thickness of the overall cavity base 220, which is the portion of the base directly below the cavity 36, as shown in
It is also contemplated by this disclosure that the use of an identification feature in a metallic or other radiopaque access port can be applied to access ports having a variety of possible configurations, such as is seen in
In another embodiment contemplated by the instant disclosure,
Additionally, the instant disclosure contemplates access ports having any variety or combination of desired identification features for indicating power-injectability or other aspect or characteristic of an access port. Specifically,
In additional embodiments, the identification feature can be defined on an inside bottom surface 36B of the cavity 36 of an access port 10, or in addition to the identification feature 200 provided on the bottom surface 251. In another embodiment, the material surrounding the defining edges of the desired radiopaque alphanumeric character, symbol, pattern, etc., can be removed instead of removing the desired feature shape itself so as to define a “positive” relief image of the identification feature. Such a positive relief identification feature can be defined on a lower surface of an access port body or on the inside bottom surface of the cavity, for example.
In addition to the various types of symbols, patterns, marks, and alphanumeric characters that are contemplated by the instant disclosure,
In a further aspect contemplated by the instant disclosure, it is contemplated that a communicative technology may be utilized wherein information is encompassed by an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure. Generally, a communication device (e.g., a radio beacon, a light-emitting element, an ultrasound emitting transducer, etc.), may be imbedded or otherwise affixed to an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure. Such a communication device may be configured for transmitting information in response to a given impetus. More specifically, the instant disclosure contemplates that an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure may be exposed to a request signal (e.g., a sound, an impact or an acceleration, light, radio waves, etc.). Such a request signal may cause the communication device to transmit information therefrom via sound, light, radio waves, or as otherwise known in the art. Such information may be employed for identifying an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure.
In one exemplary example, it is contemplated that radio frequency identification technology may be employed for identification of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure. Particularly, so-called active RFID tags are powered by an internal battery and are typically read/write devices. Currently, a suitable cell coupled to suitable low power circuitry can ensure functionality for as long as ten or more years, depending upon the operating temperatures and read/write cycles and usage. So-called passive RFID tags operate without a separate external power source and obtain operating power generated from the reader. Passive RFID tags are typically programmed with a unique set of data (usually 32 to 128 bits) that cannot be modified. Read-only tags may operate as an identifier comparable to linear barcodes which may contain selected product-specific information. Thus, passive RFID tags may be much lighter than active RFID tags, less expensive, and may offer a virtually unlimited operational lifetime. The tradeoff is that they have shorter read ranges than active tags and require a higher-powered reader.
One advantage of RFID approach is the noncontact, non-line-of-sight nature of the technology. Tags can be read through a variety of substances such as snow, fog, ice, paint, crusted grime, and other visually and environmentally challenging conditions, where other optically read technologies may be less effective. RFID tags can also be read in challenging circumstances at rapid speeds, in most cases responding in less than about 100 milliseconds.
While certain representative embodiments and details have been shown for purposes of illustrating aspects contemplated by the instant disclosure, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be made without departing form the scope contemplated by the instant disclosure, which is defined in the appended claims. For example, other access port sizes and shapes may be employed; and various other embodiments and structures may be employed for forming at least one identifiable feature of an access port contemplated by the instant disclosure. In particular,
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/368,954, filed Mar. 6, 2006, and entitled “Access Port Identification Systems and Methods,” now U.S. Pat. No. 7,785,302, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional U.S. Patent Application No. 60/658,518, filed Mar. 4, 2005, and entitled “Access Port Identification System.” Each of the afore-referenced applications is incorporated, in its entirety, by this reference.
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