The present invention is described herein below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
In the figures, individual steps can be merged to be executed simultaneously, or partitioned to sub-steps to be executed sequentially, without essentially modifying the substance of the invention.
The invention will be described herein below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to
When a terminal enters the coverage area of a second access technology, the terminal tries to connect to the server using the second access technology. The server verifies if the terminal trying to connect to the network has an active account at the server and if the terminal does, at step S6, the server registers the terminal to the network based on the second access technology. Then, the server may inform the terminal that it is registered to the server. After being registered to the server using the second access technology, a terminal requesting a call (hereinafter referred to as calling terminal) to another terminal (hereinafter referred to as called terminal), sends a call request preferably via the second access technology to the server at step S7. The call request includes the identification of the called terminal according to the first access technology. At step S8 of
If otherwise it is determined at step S9 that the identification requested by the calling terminal is not associated with an active account maintained in the server, i.e. if it is determined that the called terminal either has no active account at the server or is not registered to the server via second access technology, according to a first aspect of the present invention, the server replies to the calling terminal preferably via the second access technology at step S12 and informs the calling terminal that the call cannot be established via the second access technology. Upon receipt of the reply from the server, the terminal could display to a user that the call cannot be established via the second access technology and then wait for a confirmation by the user to initiate the call via the first access technology. If the terminal detects a user confirmation at step S13, the calling terminal initiates the call via the first access technology at step S14 and, as described above, the selected route could be displayed on the display of at least one of the calling terminal or the called terminal at step S11. If the terminal detects no confirmation by the user in step S13, no call is initiated.
As an alternative, the terminal can initiate the call based on the first access technology immediately upon receipt of the reply from the server without the need of detecting a confirmation by the user.
In the flowchart according to
If at step S9 it is determined that the identification requested by the calling terminal is not associated with an active account maintained in the server, i.e. if it is determined that the called terminal either has no active account at the server or is not registered to the server via second access technology, according to a second aspect of the present invention, the server decides at step S15, whether the call is to be routed via the first access technology or via a fixed telephone network gateway. This decision can be made, for example, by comparing the costs that are expected to occur when routing the call, based e.g. on daytime or generally on the applicable tariff. This decision can also be made, for example, by comparing a quality of service (QoS) offered by the respective routes. Any QoS parameters can be evaluated in this relation. The server will then select, for example, the route which is expected to have the lower costs or offers the better QoS. If at step S15 the route based on the first access technology is selected by the server, the call is routed via the first access technology at step S16. If at step S15 the route based on the fixed telephone network gateway is selected, the call is routed via the fixed telephone network gateway at step S17. Additionally, the respective selected route can be display on the display in an analogous manner as described above with reference to
As shown in
Further, the server 3 comprises an registerer 3e that is connected to the transceiver 3a. The registerer 3e is informed by the transceiver 3a that a terminal is within the coverage area of the second access technology and tries to register to the server based on the second access technology. The registerer is connected to the storage medium 3d and retrieves account information therefrom to decide if the terminal trying to register to the server has an active account. If the respective terminal has an active account, the registerer 3e registers the terminal to the server based on the second access technology and may inform the registered terminal by sending registration information to the registered terminal via the transceiver 3a. A determinator 3f is connected to the transceiver 3a and the registerer 3e. After receiving a call request from a calling terminal to a called terminal at the transceiver 3a, the transceiver 3a forwards the requested identification of the called terminal to the determinator 3f and the determinator 3f determines, if the identification of the called terminal is associated with an account stored in the storage medium at the server 3 and, if so, further determines if the called terminal according to the respective account is registered to the server based on information acquired from the registerer 3e.
If the called terminal is registered to the server, the determinator 3f informs the transceiver 3a, connected to the determinator 3f, about the respective called terminal and the transceiver 3a routes the call based on the second access technology to the called terminal.
If the requested identification is not associated with an account stored at the server 3 or if the respective called terminal is not registered to the server, then the determinator 3f replies via the transceiver 3a to the calling terminal, that the requested call cannot be routed via the server based on the second access technology. Then, the further call processing is performed at the calling terminal, according to one option of the present invention (see
Alternatively, if the requested identification is not associated with an account stored at the server 3 or if the respective called terminal is not registered to the server, then the determinator 3f forwards the requested identification to a decider 3g connected to the determinator 3f. The decider 3g decides, as described above with reference to
The processing of all components comprised in the server is either controlled by a central processing unit (CPU) or by separate processing units, respectively, e.g. DSPs or the like, that are not shown in
As can be seen from
A man-machine-interface (MMI) 4d, generally comprising a display and keys or the like, is connected to a composer 4a to receive instructions from a user. The composer 4a is in turn connected to the transceiver 4f and upon a user entering account creation instructions via the MMI 4d, the composer 4a composes an account creation request message and forwards the account creation request message to the transceiver 4f. The transceiver 4f sends the account creation request message to the server and then preferably receives the setting message from the server and forwards it to a setting memory 4b, connected to the transceiver 4f. The setting memory 4b stores any account settings.
The terminal 4 further comprises an registration initiator 4c that detects if the terminal 4 is within the coverage area of the second access technology. Upon receipt of a signal according to the second access technology forwarded from the transceiver 4f, the registration initiator 4c sends a registration request via the transceiver 4f to the server, to be registered to the server according to the second access technology. When the terminal 4 is registered to the network according to the second access technology, a call request generator 4e connected to the transceiver 4f is informed by the transceiver 4f, which forwards registartion information received from the server. Then, when the call request generator 4e, which is further connected to the MMI 4d generates a call upon instruction from a user, it preferably retrieves the settings information from the setting memory 4b and the call request generator 4e forwards the call request to the transceiver 4f, which then sends the call request preferably via the second access technology to the server based on the setting information obtained by the call request generator 4e from the setting memory 4b. In case a called terminal according to a requested identification is registered to the server, the call is established based on the second access technology. Optionally, the MMI 4d, connected to the transceiver 4f is informed about the selected route and displays the selected route.
If the called terminal according to the requested identification has no account at, or is not registered to the server, the transceiver 4f receives a reply from the server. With this reply, the terminal is informed that the call cannot be routed via the second access technology and the transceiver forwards the reply to a call initiator 4g connected to the transceiver 4f, that is capable of initiating a call over the first access technology via the transceiver 4f.
As an alternative, a user confirmation detector 4h is connected to the transceiver 4f, the call initiator 4g and the MMI 4d. The reply from the server is forwarded to the user confirmation detector 4h. If the user confirmation detector 4h receives a user confirmation from the MMI 4d, it informs the call initiator 4g, and then the call initiator 4g initiates a call based on the first access technology via the transceiver 4f.
As a further alternative, a tariff checker 4j is connected to the transceiver 4f and the call initiator 4g and the reply from the server is forwarded to the tariff checker 4j. Then the tariff checker 4j performs a tariff check based, for example, on the day time of the call request or the like, as described above. If the tariff is appropriate, the tariff checker 4j informs the call initiator, and then the call initiator 4g initiates a call based on the first access technology via the transceiver 4f.
After the call is established based on the first access technology, optionally the MMI 4d connected to the transceiver 4f can be informed about the selected route and displays the selected route.
The processing of all components comprised in the terminal is either controlled by a central processing unit (CPU) or by separate processing units, respectively, e.g. DSPs or the like, that are not shown in
As an example of the present invention only, reference is made to a VoIP system with dual mode GSM/WLAN terminals, wherein GSM is an example for the first access technology and WLAN is an example for the second access technology. The invention, however, is not limited to a VoIP system and also various other access technologies than GSM e.g. UMTS, IS-95 or the like can be used as the first access technology and also various other access technologies than WLAN e.g. Bluetooth®, WiMAX can be used as the second access technology. As another example, the first access technology can be a circuit-switched access technology and the second access technology can be a packet-switched access technology.
In the signalling diagram of
It is shown in
In the signalling diagram of
When terminals with an active account enter the coverage area of the WLAN, the terminals get IP connectivity using WLAN. The server verifies if a calling terminal has an account at the server and if the terminal has an active account, at step S6, the server registers the terminal to the WLAN. Then, if the calling terminal registered at the server 3 is calling a GSM number at step S7, a call request is sent to the server via WLAN at step S8. At step S9, the server determines if a called terminal according to the requested GSM number is registered to the WLAN. If it is determined at step S9 that the called terminal according to the requested GSM number is registered to the WLAN, at step S10, the call is routed via IP to the respective called terminal and in this specific example, the selected route is displayed on the display of the calling terminal and the called terminal at step S11.
If otherwise it is determined at step S9 that the called terminal according to the requested GSM number is not registered to the WLAN (this case is shown in dotted lines in
In the foregoing, the present invention has been described in rather general terms. For a better understanding, in the following, a detailed example of the aspects involved in the present invention will be described.
According to the detailed example, the system consists of an improved SIP server/PBX for use in an enterprise, and dual mode WLAN/GSM VoIP devices. The detailed example according to the present invention presents a mechanism for re-use of GSM identifications (phone number) for SIP VoIP calls in enterprise networks, so users do not need to know any SIP address or internal number, and so there is no need to manually choose between GSM and VoIP calls. Thus, the task of deploying VoIP in a medium-size enterprise with little IT support can be enormously facilitated.
According to the detailed example, the improved SIP Server includes a GSM radio and SIM card, so that mobile devices can create SIP/VoIP accounts by sending an SMS to it, and receive the SIP configuration settings. In this way the SIP server stores a secure binding between the SIP account and the GSM number of every user. Hence, devices do not need to know any SIP URI to make SIP-VoIP calls, because GSM phone numbers are used instead. The improved SIP server is able to route SIP messages where the destination (“TO:” field) is a GSM number, to the right SIP/IP address. When the SIP server does not know the location of a GSM number, either because it is not registered or because there is no SIP account bound to it, then a 3xx Redirect is sent to the terminal so that a GSM call is started.
The dual mode terminals according to this detailed example comprise some modification so that this functionality is used. When the dual mode terminal has an active account and is registered to the SIP server, every time the user calls to a GSM/PSTN number, the device will attempt first a VoIP call using the GSM/PSTN number as destination information, and if the other end is not found (account existing and currently registered)in the SIP server, then a GSM call will be made.
Optionally, the user can receive information in the display about the bearer used for the call (GSM or WLAN/VoIP), or can be asked a question such as: “Terminal not available in VoIP network. Try GSM?”.
Another option is, when the SIP server has access to a PSTN or GSM gateway. This would allow the server to route calls to the PSTN gateway when the other user is not reachable through VoIP, and GSM is not the cheapest available choice.
Next, installing of the SIP server according to the detailed example will be described. Installing the improved SIP server involves plugging the box to the corporate intranet or WLAN network, and inserting a SIM card in it. This system does not use DNS or domain names so DNS configuration is not needed. A web interface can be provided for management functions, for example to setup a password to create accounts, specify a list of allowed GSM numbers, but the web-interface is not necessary to create SIP accounts since this is done with SMS. Users just need to be informed of the GSM number of the SIP server (and optionally a password) to create their accounts and receive the device settings.
In the following, the creation of an account and configuration of a terminal will be described according to the detailed example with reference to
According to
As an alternative, if the improved SIP server according to the detailed example can be connected to a SIP-PSTN/GSM gateway, instead of telling the terminal to start a GSM call when a user is not registered to the SIP server, the calls can be routed to the gateway which can be cheaper than a GSM call. The server can have intelligence to route the calls to the gateway, for example use the gateway only for long distance or international calls, but keep GSM usage for GSM-GSM national calls. The SIP server can have some least-cost routing intelligence, so some calls are routed using the PSTN gateway, and some are made using only GSM, since this is sometimes cheaper.
Thus, according to the detailed example of the present invention, the following advantages are provided:
easy way to save money in enterprise calls using GSM/WLAN terminals,
simple server installation (just plug box to corporate intranet),
easy creation of account and mobile device setup (just send SMS),
no web interface or IT support needed for creating accounts,
minimal IT support required,
GSM number can be re-used (even personal, no need to know SIP addresses),
transparent for the end user (normal calls, no need to know what is VoIP),
automatic access technology (bearer) selection (WLAN is used when available),
secure (based on GSM strong identities),
compatible with SIP URI calls (when SIP URIs are used, domain name SIP is used),
works with several clients (PC, PDA, phone or the like),
does not interrupt or delay parallel SIP deployments, and its compatible thereto.
In view of the foregoing description it will be evident to a person skilled in the art that various modifications may be made within the scope of the invention.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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06116323.4 | Jun 2006 | EP | regional |