Patent Grant
6990952
This application is based upon and claims benefit of priority of Japanese Patent Applications No. 2003-283512 filed on Jul. 31, 2003 and No. 2004-52235 filed on Feb. 26, 2004, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a control valve for controlling an amount of air supplied to an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a control valve for controlling an amount of air bypassing a main air passage. The bypassing air control valve is attached to a throttle body that forms the main air passage therein, and functions to maintain an idling speed of the engine at a predetermined level.
2. Description of Related Art
A process of surface-treatment of an aluminum part formed by die-casting is described in JP-A-2002-12987, for example. In this process, an anodic oxide film (anodized aluminum film) is formed on the aluminum surface before processing in solution containing bivalent metals, and then a fluororesin film is coated on the anodic oxide film.
On the other hand, an idling speed control valve for an internal combustion engine is disclosed in JP-A-2001-271727, for example. The control valve is composed of an aluminum alloy housing formed by die-casting and a valve body that rotates in the housing to change an open area of an air passage formed in the housing. Adhesive particles or materials contained in unburned gas flow back into an air passage in the housing of the control valve. To prevent adhesion of such particles or materials, the surface of the housing that slidably contacts the valve body is coated with a thin resin film made by mixing silicone and polyamideimide.
In the process disclosed in JP-A-2002-12987, the anodic oxide film can be successfully formed on a flat aluminum surface. However, it is difficult to perfectly cover the aluminum surface having defects or small voids or including an acute-angled portion with the anodic oxide film. When the fluororesin film is coated on such a surface not perfectly covered with the anodic oxide film and heated for curing (as is usually performed), air in the defects or the voids will expand and holes will be made through the fluororesin film. Thus, the fluororesin film is damaged and becomes ineffective as a film for protecting the aluminum surface.
In the control valve disclosed in JP-A-2001-271727, the sliding surface of the aluminum alloy housing is directly coated with the mixture resin of silicone and polyamideimide. However, no corrosion-resistant film is formed underneath the mixture resin film. Therefore, when the housing is exposed to strong corrosive materials (such as acid, alkaline or chlorine compounds), the corrosive materials will infiltrate into the aluminum alloy from edges or fringes of the mixture resin film, and the aluminum alloy material will be corroded.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an improved air amount control valve in which adhesive deposits are prevented from adhering to a fringe wall of a valve hole. Another object of the present invention is to improve corrosion resistance of an aluminum housing used in the air amount control valve.
The air amount control valve is connected to a sidewall of a throttle body in which a main air passage for supplying intake air into an internal combustion engine is formed. A bypass air passage bypassing the main air passage is formed in the air amount control valve, and an idling speed of the engine is controlled by controlling the amount of air flowing through the bypass air passage.
The air amount control valve includes a housing having a valve hole and a valve body rotatably supported in the housing. The valve body is driven to rotate in a predetermined angular range in a swinging manner to thereby change an open area of the valve hole. The housing is made of an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy or the like by die-casting. A fringe wall surrounding the valve hole is formed in the housing, so that the inner surface of the fringe wall faces a valve surface of the valve body with a small gap apart from the valve surface.
An anodic oxide film is formed to cover at least the inner surface of the fringe wall, and further a fluororesin film is formed on the anodic oxide film. The fluororesin film is made of polytetrafluoroethylene mixed with silicone that dries at a room temperature. The fluororesin film may be formed by coating, spraying or pasting with adhesive. The double layers of the anodic oxide film and the fluororesin film prevent adhesive particles or materials from adhering to the inner surface of the fringe wall. Thus, the valve body is prevented from being stalled by deposits adhered to the inner surface of the fringe wall.
The anodic oxide film may be formed to cover an entire surface of the housing or to partially cover an area around the fringe wall. The fluororesin film may be formed to cover not only the inner surface of the fringe wall but other portions. In particular, it is preferable to form the fluororesin film to fill or cover defects such as small holes or voids formed on the surface of the housing in the process of die-casting. In this manner, corrosion resistivity of the housing is further enhanced.
The present invention may be applied to air valves other than the idling speed control valve. Other objects and features of the present invention will become more readily apparent from a better understanding of the preferred embodiment described below with reference to the following drawings.
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to
As shown in
As shown in
The motor-actuator 6 is composed of: a field coil 14 to which electric current is supplied in a manner controlled by an electric control unit (not shown); a stator core magnetized by the field coil 14; a rotor magnet 15 fixedly connected to one end of the shaft 3; an actuator casing 16 in which the field coil 14 and the rotor magnet 15 are housed; and an end cover 17 closing the axial end of the actuator casing 16. The field coil 14 is wound around a cylindrical bobbin and connected to molded terminals. The actuator case 16 is connected to the housing 7 by connecting an engaging end 18 to the axial end of the housing 7. An O-ring 19 is disposed in the portion connecting the housing 7 and the actuator casing 16.
The housing 7 is made of an aluminum alloy (aluminum containing Cu and Si) by die-casting. The housing 7 is a die-cast product corresponding to JIS-standard ADC 12, for example. As shown in
As shown in
Now, a process of die-casting the housing 7 and a process of coating the housing 7 with the anodic oxide film 31 and the fluororesin film 32 will be briefly explained. Molten aluminum is supplied into a die-casting die with a piston under a high pressure, e.g., 200-300 kgf/cm2. To form the anodic oxide film 31 covering the entire surface of the housing 7, the housing 7 is dipped into an acid solution having a proper density (such as chromic acid, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid or a mixture of those) Then, a voltage lower than 50 volts is applied to the housing 7, using the housing 7 as a plus electrode, while keeping the acid solution at a temperature lower than 40° C. Thus, the anodic oxide film 31 covering the entire surface of the housing is formed.
In the process of forming the anodic oxide film 31, a number of small holes, which are not desirable, may be formed in the anodic oxide film 31. In this case, it is preferable to close such small holes by penetrating a proper material into the holes thereby to improve the resistivity of the film 31 against corrosion. To promote the penetration of the material into the small holes, the housing 7 is put in a tank filled with steam pressurized under about 4-5 kgf/cm2. Alternatively, it may be preferable to dip the housing 7 in hot water or liquid containing nickel salt. The anodic oxide film 31 is preferably formed with a thickness of 5-15 μm, and most preferably with a thickness of 10 μm.
Then, the surfaces of the fringe wall 33 (including inner surface and the side surfaces as shown in
The air amount control valve described above operates in the following manner. Upon energizing the field coil 14, the valve body 2 is driven by the motor-actuator 6. When the valve body 2 rotates to a position where the valve surface 11 closes the valve hole 20, the bypass air passage 1 is fully closed. Upon de-energizing the field coil 14, the valve body 2 is rotated in a reverse direction by a biasing force applied to the valve body 2 thereby to open the valve hole 20. The open area of the valve hole 20 is controlled according to an amount of current supplied to the field coil 14. Thus, the amount of air flowing through the bypass air passage 1 is controlled.
Following advantages are attained in the first embodiment described above. Since the surface of the fringe wall 33 facing the valve surface 11 is covered with two film layers, i.e., the anodic oxide film 31 and the fluororesin film 32, the housing 7 can be formed from various materials including materials which are not excellent for die-casting. That is, aluminum alloys such as ADC-6, ADC-10 may be used in place of ADC-12. By covering the surface of the fringe wall 33 with double layer films 31, 32, a high corrosion resistivity can be given to the housing 7.
Since PTFE mixed with silicone that dries at a room temperature is used to form the fluororesin film 32, defects on-the anodic oxide film 31, such as small holes or voids, can be easily covered with the fluororesin film 32. In particular, the acute-angled portion 9 which is difficult to be perfectly covered with the anodic oxide film 31, can be properly covered with the fluororesin film 32. The fluororesin film 32 is coated to cover such portions where the defects of the anodic oxide film 31 tend to be formed or where no anodic oxide film 31 is formed.
Since the fluororesin film 32 includes both of silicone and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), corrosive materials (such as strong acid, strong alkaline, chlorine compounds, salt water and condensed water) arriving at the inner surface of the fringe wall 33 are prevented from adhering thereto. Similarly, adhesive materials (such as adhesive particles contained in unburned gas, sludge or carbon) are prevented from adhering to the surface of the fringe wall 33 facing the valve surface 11. Thus, the valve surface 11 is prevented from sticking to the inner surface of the fringe wall 33, and therefore the valve body 2 can be smoothly rotated.
When the air amount control valve described above is used as an engine speed control valve that controls an amount of air bypassing the throttle valve, operation of the engine can be smoothly and economically controlled because there is no chance that the air amount control valve comes to a stall.
Though only the surface of the fringe wall 33 including the acute-angled portion 9 is covered with the fluororesin film 32 in the first embodiment, it is also possible to cover other portions with the fluororesin film 32. That is, portions where the anodic oxide film 31 is not formed or difficult to be formed and portions where defects such as small holes or voids exist on the anodic oxide film 31 may be covered with the fluororesin film 32. The fluororesin film 32 may be partially formed to cover such portions by coating, spraying or pasting with adhesive. In this manner, the aluminum alloy material is protected from being corroded if a highly corrosive material adheres to the surface of the housing 7. The corrosive material is prevented from penetrating into the aluminum alloy through the defects on the anodic oxide film 31 by covering such defects with the fluororesin film 32. As the fluororesin film 32, other materials such as polychlorofluoroethylene or polyfluorovinyl may be used in place of polytetrafluoroethylene.
A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in
A third embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 5. In this embodiment, the anodic oxide film 31 is formed to cover an entire surface of the seal wall 8. The fluororesin film 32 is coated on the anodic oxide film 31.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown in
As the butterfly valve 102 is rotated by the shaft 103, the gap between the outer periphery 111 of the butterfly valve 102 and the inner bore 108 of the cylindrical housing 107 is widened or narrowed. In this manner, an open area of an air passage 101 in the cylindrical housing 107 is changed according to the rotation of the shaft 103. Thus, an amount of air passing through the air passage 101 is changed.
As shown in
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but it maybe variously modified. For example, the present invention may be applied to a main air passage in a throttle body, through it is applied to the bypass air passage of the idling speed control valve in the foregoing embodiments. Further, the present invention may be applied to other air control valves, electronically controlled throttle valves or the like.
This invention may be applied to a so-called swirl control valve that generates lateral swirls in air sucked into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. This invention may be also applied to a so-called tumble control valve that generates longitudinal swirls in the sucked air. Further, this invention may be applied to an intake air control valve in which a length or an open area of an air passage is changed according to rotational speed of an internal combustion engine. In this type of intake air control valve, two intake air passages having respectively different lengths and open areas are connected to an intake manifold, branching out therefrom. Either one of the two intake air passages is selectively opened by a valve body disposed in the air control valve. For example, one air passage having a longer length is used when the engine is running at a low or a middle speed, while the other air passage having a shorter length is used when the engine is running at a high speed. Thus, an output torque of the engine is increased throughout an entire speed range.
While the present invention has been shown and described with reference to the foregoing preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2003-283512 | Jul 2003 | JP | national |
| 2004-052235 | Feb 2004 | JP | national |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6192784 | Kato et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2001-271727 | Oct 2001 | JP |
| 2002-012987 | Jan 2002 | JP |
| 2004-2977 | Jan 2004 | JP |
| 2004-353576 | Dec 2004 | JP |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20050022780 A1 | Feb 2005 | US |
