Claims
- 1. A compound of the formula ##STR715## or physiologically tolerated salt thereof, wherein COOR.sub.3 is a) carboxyl,
- b) carboxyl ester and
- R.sub.1 is
- a) alkyl or alkenyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- b) alkyl or alkenyl having up to 6 C atoms substituted by
- 1) (C.sub.5 -C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
- 2) (C.sub.5 -C.sub.7)-cycloalkenyl,
- 3) hydroxy,
- 4) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 5) phenoxy,
- 6phenoxy substituted by
- 6.1) halogen,
- 6.2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl, or
- 6.3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 7) naphthyloxy,
- 8) monoalkylamino having up to 7 C atoms,
- 9) monoalkylamino having up to 7 C atoms substituted in the alkyl part by
- 9.1) hydroxy,
- 9.2) carboxy,
- 9.3) carboxamido,
- 9.4) carboethoxy,
- 9.5) amino,
- 9.6) alkylamino,
- 9.7) dialkylamino,
- 9.8) piperidino, or
- 9.9) morpholino,
- 10) dialkylamino having up to 7 C atoms,
- 11) dialkylamino having up to 7 C atoms substituted as defined in b) 9.1-9.9,
- 12) monocycloalkylamino having up to 7 C atoms,
- 13) dicycloalkylamino having up to 7 C atoms,
- 14) alkyloxycarbonylamino,
- 15) phenoxycarbonylamino,
- 16) phenoxycarbonylamino substituted as defined in b) 6.1-6.3,
- 17) naphthyloxycarbonylamino,
- 18) benzyloxycarbonylamino or phenethyloxycarbonylamino,
- 19) benzyloxycarbonylamino or phenethyloxycarbonylamino each substituted in the aryl part by
- 19.1) halogen,
- 19.2) nitro,
- 19.3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl, or
- 19.4) (c.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy.
- 20) alkylureido,
- 21) phenylureido,
- 22) phenylureido substituted as defined in b) 6.1-6.3,
- 23) naphthylureido,
- 24) benzylureido or phenethylureido,
- 25) benzylureido or phenethylureido each substituted as defined in b) 19.1-19.4,
- 26) formyl,
- 27) alkanoylamino,
- 28) benzoylamino,
- 29) benzoylamino substituted as defined in b) 6.1-6.3,
- 30) naphthoylamino,
- 31) phenylamino or naphthylamino,
- 32) phenylamino or naphthylamino each mono- or di-substituted by
- 32.1) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl,
- 32.2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 32.3) methylenedioxy,
- 32.4) amino,
- 32.5) hydroxy,
- 32.6) acetoxy,
- 32.7) carboxy,
- 32.8) carboxamido,
- 32.9) carboethoxy,
- 32.10) halogen, or
- 32.11) nitro,
- 33) benzylamino or phenethylamino,
- 34) benzylamino or phenethyl amino each mono- or di-substituted in the aryl part as defined in b) 32.1-32.11,
- 35) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylmercapto, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfinyl, or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfonyl
- 36) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylmercapto, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfinyl, or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfonyl each substituted by
- 36.1) methoxy,
- 36. 2) ethoxy,
- 36.3) hydroxy,
- 36.4) carboxy,
- 36.5) carboxamido,
- 36.6) carboethoxy,
- 36.7) amino, or
- 36.8) alkylamino,
- 37) phenylmercapto or naphthylmercapto, phenylsulfinyl or naphthylsulfinyl, or phenylsulfonyl or nephthylsulfonyl,
- 38) phenylmercapto or naphthylmercapto, phenylsulfinyl or naphthylsulfinyl, or phenylsulfonyl or naphthylsulfonyl each substituted
- 38.1) as defined in b) 36.1-36.8 or substituted by
- 38.2) halogen,
- 38.3) nitro, or
- 38.4) sulfonamido,
- 39) benzylmercapto, benzylsulfinyl, or benzylsulfonyl,
- 40) benzylmercapto, benzylsulfinyl, or benzylsulfonyl each substituted
- 40.1) in the alkyl part as defined in b) 36.1-36.8 or
- 40. 2) in the aryl part as defined in b) 38.1-38.4,
- 41) carboxy,
- 42) carboethoxy,
- 43) carboxamido,
- 44) alkylaminocarbonyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- 45) cycloalkylaminocarbonyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- 46) cycloalkyleneaminocarbonyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- 47) dialkylaminocarbonyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- 48) phenylaminocarbonyl,
- 49) phenylaminocarbonyl substituted as defined in b) 6.1-6.3,
- 50) naphthylaminocarbonyl,
- 51) benzylaminocarbonyl or phenethylaminocarbonyl,
- 52) benzylaminocarbonyl or phenethylaminocarbonyl each substituted as defined in b) 19.1-19.4,
- 53) guanido,
- 54) phenyl,
- 55) phenyl substituted by
- 55. 1) halogen
- 55.2) hydroxy,
- 55.3) acetoxy,
- 55.4) carboxy,
- 55.5) carboxamido,
- 55.6) sulfonamido,
- 55.7) nitro,
- 55.8) methyl,
- 55.9) ethyl,
- 55.10) methoxy, or
- 55.11) ethoxy,
- 56) naphthyl, dihydronaphthyl, or tetrahydronaphthyl,
- 57) naphthyl, dihydronaphthyl, or tetrahydronaphthyl, each substituted as defined in b) 55.1-55.11,
- 58) imidazol-4-ethyl, or
- 59) indolemethyl,
- c) (C.sub.5 -C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl or (C.sub.5 -C.sub.7)-cycloalkenyl,
- d) phenyl,
- e) naphthyl, dihydronaphthyl, or tetrahydronaphthyl,
- f) imidazol-4-ethyl,
- g) indolemethyl, or
- h) the side-chain of a naturally occurring L-amino acid,
- R.sub.2 is
- a) alkyl or alkenyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- b) alkyl or alkenyl having up to 6 C atoms, substituted by
- 1) (C.sub.5 -C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
- 2) (C.sub.5 -C.sub.7)-cycloalkenyl,
- 3) hydroxy,
- 4) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 5) phenoxy,
- 6) phenoxy substituted by
- 6.1) halogen
- 6.2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl,
- 6.3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 6.4) nitro, or
- 7) naphthyloxy,
- 8) benzyloxy,
- 9) benzyloxy substituted in the aryl part by
- 9.1) methoxy,
- 9.2) carboxamido,
- 9.3) amino,
- 9.4) halogen,
- 9.5) nitro, or
- 10) monoalkylamino having up to 7 C atoms,
- 11) monoalkylamino having up to 7 C atoms, substituted in the alkyl part by
- 11.1) hydroxy,
- 11.2) carboxy,
- 11.3) carboxamido,
- 11.4) carboethoxy,
- 11.5) amino,
- 11.6) alkylamino,
- 11.7) dialkylamino,
- 11.8) piperidino, or
- 11.9) morpholino,
- 12) dialkylamino having up to a total of 7 C atoms,
- 13) dialkylamino having up to a total of 7 C atoms substituted as defined in b) 11.1-11.9,
- 14) monocycloalkylamino having up to 7 C atoms,
- 15) dicycloalkylamino having up to 7 C atoms,
- 16) alkoxycarbonylamino,
- 17) phenoxycarbonylamino,
- 18) phenoxycarbonylamino substituted as defined in b) 6.1-6.3,
- 19) nephthyloxycarbonylamino,
- 20) benzyloxycarbonylamino or phenethyloxycarbonylamino,
- 21) benzyloxycarbonylamino or phenethyloxycarbonylamino each substituted in the aryl part by
- 21.1) halogen,
- 21.2) nitro,
- 21.3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl, or
- 21.4) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 22) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)-alkylureido,
- 23) phenylureido,
- 24) phenylureido substituted as defined in b) 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 or by nitro,
- 25) naphthylureido,
- 26) benzylureido or phenethylureido,
- 27) benzylureido or phenethylureido each substituted as defined in b) 21.1-21.4,
- 28) formyl,
- 29) alkanoylamino,
- 30) benzoylamino,
- 31) benzoylamino mono- to di-substituted by
- 31.1) halogen,
- 31.2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl,
- 31.3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 31. 4) hydroxy,
- 31.5) carboxy,
- 31.6) nitro, or
- 31.7) amino,
- 32) naphthoylamino,
- 33) phenylamino or naphthylamino,
- 34) phenylamino or naphthylamino each mono- or di-substituted by
- 34.1) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl,
- 34.2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 34.3) methylenedixoy,
- 34.4) amino,
- 34.5) hydroxy,
- 34.6) acetoxy,
- 34.7) carboxy,
- 34.8) carboxamido,
- 34.9) carboethoxy,
- 34.10) halogen, or
- 34.11) nitro,
- 35) benzylamino or phenethylamino,
- 36) benzylamino or phenethylamino each mono- or di-substituted in the aryl part as defined in b) 34.1-34.11,
- 37) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylmercapto, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfinyl, or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfonyl,
- 38) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7 )-alkylmercapto, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfinyl, or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfonyl each substituted by
- 38.1) methoxy,
- 38.2) ethoxy,
- 38.3) hydroxy,
- 38.4) carboxy,
- 38.5) carboxamido,
- 38.6) carboethoxy,
- 38.7) amino, or
- 38.8) alkylamino
- 39) phenylmercapto or naphthylmercapto, phenylsulfinyl or naphthylsulfinyl, or phenylsulfonyl or naphthylsulfonyl,
- 40) phenylmercapto or naphthylmercapto, phenylsulfinyl or naphthylsulfinyl, or phenylsulfonyl or naphathylsulfonyl each substituted
- 40.1) as defined in b) 38.1-38.8, or substituted by
- 40.2) halogen,
- 40.3) nitro,
- 40.4) sulfonamido, or
- 41) benzylmercapto, benzylsulfinyl, or benzylsulfonyl,
- 42) benzylmercapto, benzylsulfinyl, or benzylsulfonyl each substituted
- 42.1) in the alkyl part as defined in b) 38.1-38.8 or
- 42.2) in the aryl part as defined in b) 40.1-40.4,
- 43) carboxy,
- 44) alkylaminocarbonyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- 45) cycloalkylaminocarbonyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- 46) cycloalkyleneaminocarbonyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- 47) dialkylaminocarbonyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- 48) phenylaminocarbonyl,
- 49) phenylaminocarbonyl mono- to di-substituted by
- 49.1) halogen,
- 49.2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl,
- 49.3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 49.4) carboxyl,
- 49.5) carboxyamido,
- 49.6) hydroxy, or
- 49.7) nitro,
- 50) naphthylaminocarbonyl,
- 51) benzylaminocarbonyl or phenethylaminocarbonyl,
- 52) benzylaminocarbonyl or phenethylaminocarbonyl each substituted as defined in b) 21.1-21.4,
- 53) guanido,
- 54) naphthyl, dihydronaphthyl, or tetrahydronaphthyl,
- 55) naphthyl, dihydronaphthyl, or tetrahydronaphthyl, each substituted by
- 55.1) halogen,
- 55.2) hydroxy,
- 55.3) acetoxy,
- 55.4) carboxy,
- 55.5) carboxamido,
- 55.6) sulfonamido,
- 55.7) nitro,
- 55.8) methyl,
- 55.9) ethyl,
- 55.10) methoxy, or
- 55.11) ethoxy,
- 56) a 5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic structure, the hetero atoms of which are
- 56. 1) 1 or 2 S atoms or 1 O atom and 0 or 1 N atom or
- 56.2) up to 4N atoms
- 57) a heterocycle as defined in b) 56 substituted by
- 57.1) halogen,
- 51.2) oxo,
- 57.3) S-oxo,
- 57.4) hydroxy,
- 57.5) carboxy,
- 57.6) carboxamido,
- 57.7) sulfonamido,
- 57.8) nitro,
- 57.9) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.9)-alkyl,
- 57.10) benzyl or phenethyl,
- 57.11) methoxy,
- 57.12) ethoxy, or
- 58) a 9-membered or 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic structure, the hetero atoms of which are 2 O atoms or 1 or 2 N atoms or
- 59) a heterocycle as defined in b) 58 substituted as defined in b) 57.1-57.12,
- 60) phenyl or
- 61) phenyl mono- to di-substituted by
- 61.1) halogen,
- 61.2) hydroxy,
- 61.3) acetoxy,
- 61.4) carboxy,
- 61.5) carboxamido,
- 61.6) sulfonamido,
- 61.7) nitro,
- 61.8) methyl,
- 61.9) ethyl,
- 61.10) methoxy,
- 61.11) ethoxy, or
- c) (C.sub.5 -C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl- or cycloalkenyl,
- d) naphthyl, dihydronaphthyl, or tetrahydronaphthyl,
- e) a 5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic structure, the hetero atoms of which are
- 1) 1 or 2 S atoms or 1O atom and 0 or 1 N atom or
- 2) up to 4 N atoms,
- f) a heterocycle as defined in e) substituted by
- 1) halogen,
- 2) oxo,
- 3) S oxo,
- 4) hydroxy,
- 5) carboxy,
- 6) carboxamido,
- 7) sulfonamido,
- 8) nitro,
- 9) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.9)-alkyl,
- 10) benzyl or phenethyl,
- 11) methoxy, or
- 12) ethoxy,
- g) a 9-membered or 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic structure, the hetero atoms of which are 2 O atoms or 1 or 2 N atoms or
- h) a heterocycle as defined in g) substituted as defined in f) 1-12,
- i) phenyl.
- 2. A compound as in claim 1 wherein R.sub.2 is
- a) alkyl having up to 6 C atoms,
- b) alkyl having up to 6 C atoms substituted by
- 1) (C.sub.5 -C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
- 2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy substituted by
- 3.1) Alkylamino
- 4) phenoxy,
- 5) phenoxy substituted by
- 5.1) halogen
- 5. 2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl, or
- 5.3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 6) benzyloxy,
- 7) benzyloxy substituted in the aryl part by
- 7.1) methoxy,
- 7.2) carbo amido,
- 7.3) amino,
- 7.4) halogen, or
- 7.5) nitro,
- 8) monoalkylamino having up to 7 C atoms,
- 9) monoalkylamino having up to 7 C atoms substituted in the alkyl part by
- 9.1) carboxamido,
- 9.2) carboethoxy,
- 9.3) dialkylamino,
- 10) dialkylamino having up to 7 C atoms,
- 11) alkoxycarbonylamino,
- 12) benzyloxycarbonylamino,
- 13) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)-alkylureido,
- 14) phenylureido,
- 15) phenylureido substituted by
- 15.1) halogen,
- 15.2) nitro,
- 15.3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl, or
- 15. 4) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 16) alkanoylamino,
- 17) benzoylamino,
- 18) benzoylamino mono- or di-substituted by
- 18.1) halogen,
- 18.2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl,
- 18.3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 18.4) hydroxy,
- 18.5) carboxy,
- 18.6) nitro, or
- 18.7) amino,
- 19) phenylamino,
- 20) phenylamino substituted by
- 20.1) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl,
- 20.2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkoxy,
- 20.3) methylenedioxy,
- 20.4) amino,
- 20.5) hydroxy,
- 20.6) acetoxy,
- 20.7) carboxamido,
- 20.8) carboethoxy,
- 20.9) halogen, or
- 20.10) nitro,
- 21) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylmercapto, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfinyl, or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfonyl,
- 22) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylmercapto, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfinyl, or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.7)-alkylsulfonyl substituted by
- 22.1) ethoxy,
- 22.2) carboxamido,
- 22.3) carboethoxy, or
- 23) phenylmercapto, phenylsulfinyl, or phenylsulfonyl,
- 24) phenylmercapto, phenylsulfinyl, or phenylsulfonyl substituted by
- 24.1) methoxy,
- 24.2) carboxy,
- 24.3) carboxamido,
- 24.4) amino,
- 24.5) nitro,
- 24.6) halogen, or
- 24.7) sulfonamido,
- 25) benzylmercapto, benzylsulfinyl, or benzylsulfonyl,
- 26) carboxy,
- 27) cycloalkylaminocarbonyl up to 6 C atoms,
- 28) dialkylaminocarbonyl up to 6 C atoms,
- 29) phenylaminocarbonyl,
- 30) phenylcarbonyl substituted by
- 30.1) halogen,
- 30. 2) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)-alkyl,
- 30.3) carboxy,
- 30.4) carboxamido,
- 30.5) carboethoxy,
- 30.6) hydroxy, or
- 30.7) nitro,
- 31) phenyl,
- 32) phenyl mon- or di-substituted by
- 32.1) halogen,
- 32.2) hydroxy,
- 32.3) carboxy,
- 32.4) carboxamido,
- 32.5) nitro,
- 32.6) methyl, or
- 32.7) methoxy,
- 33) naphthyl,
- 34) a 5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic structure, the hetero atoms of which are
- 34.1) 1 or 2 S atoms or 1 O atoms and 0 or 1 N atom or
- 34.2) up to 4 N atoms,
- 35) a heterocycle as defined in b) 35 substituted by
- 35.1) halogen,
- 35. 2) oxo,
- 35.3) (C.sub.1 -C.sub.9)-alkyl, or
- 35.4) methoxy,
- 36) a 9-membered or 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic structure, the hetero atoms of which are 2 O atoms or 1 or 2 N atoms
- c) (C.sub.5 -C.sub.7)-cycloalkenyl, or
- d) a 5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic structure, the hetero atoms of which are
- 1) 1 or 2 S atoms or 1 O atom and 0 or 1 N atom or
- 2) 1, 2 or 4 N atoms.
- 3. A compound as in claim 1 wherein R.sub.1 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tertiary-butyl, linear or branched pentyl or hexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, dihydronaphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, benzyl, phenethyl, p-fluorophenethyl, o-methylphenethyl, p-methoxyphenethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenethyl, or cyclohexylethyl.
- 4. A compound as in claim 1 wherein R.sub.2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tertiary-butyl, linear or branched pentyl or hexyl, cyclopoentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, dihydronaphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, benzyl, phenethyl, p-fluorophenethyl, o-methylphenethyl, p-methoxyphenethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenethyl, or cyclohexylethyl.
- 5. A compound as in claim 1 wherein R.sub.1 is the side-chain of a naturally occuring L-amino acid.
- 6. A compound as in claim 1 wherein R.sub.1 is methyl, isobutyl, methylthioethyl, carboxymethyl, carboxyethyl, amino-n-butyl, guanido-n-propyl, imidazol-4-ethyl, benzyl, 4-hydroxybenzyl, or 3-indolemethyl.
- 7. A compound as in claim 1 wherein R.sub.1 is
- (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl,
- (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl, substituted by
- hydroxy,
- amino,
- phenylmercapto,
- guanido,
- phenyl,
- imidazol-4-ethyl, or
- indolemethyl.
- 8. A compound as in claim 1 which is N-[1-S-carboethoxy-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-propyl]-S-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-S-carboxylic acid.
- 9. A compound as in claim 1 which is N-[1-S-carboethoxy-2-(3-indolyl)-ethyl]-S-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrodroisoquinoline-3-S-carboxylic acid.
- 10. A compound as in claim 1 which is N-(1-S-carboxy-3-phenyl-propyl)-S-(lysyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-S-carboxylic acid.
- 11. A compound as in claim 1 which is N-(1-S-carboxy-2-cyclohexyl-ethyl)-S-isoleucyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquiinoline-3-S-carboxylic acid.
- 12. A pharmaceutical preparation for the treatment of hypertension, said preparation comprising a hypotensively effective amount of a compound or salt as in claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.
- 13. A method for treating hypertension in a patient suffering therefrom, which method comprises orally, intravenously, or subcutaneously administering to said patient a hypotensively effective amount of a compound as in claim 1.
Priority Claims (2)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
30 32 709.4 |
Aug 1980 |
DEX |
|
31 18 191.0 |
May 1981 |
DEX |
|
Parent Case Info
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 06/297,191, filed Aug. 28, 1981, abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (21)
Foreign Referenced Citations (7)
Number |
Date |
Country |
0012380 |
Jun 1981 |
AUX |
0012845 |
Jul 1980 |
EPX |
0018549 |
Nov 1980 |
EPX |
2448533 |
Sep 1980 |
FRX |
2448533 |
Sep 1980 |
FRX |
2470767 |
Jun 1981 |
FRX |
2042535 |
Sep 1980 |
GBX |
Non-Patent Literature Citations (3)
Entry |
* Burger "Med. Chem.", 3rd Ed. vol. 1, 1970, pp. 1142-1148. |
* Geiger et al., "Chemical Abstracts", vol. 97, 1982, col. 97:92759h. |
* Remond et al., "Chemical Abstracts", vol. 97, 1982, col. 97:216716p. |
Continuations (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
297191 |
Aug 1981 |
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