Patent Application
20140304905
The present invention relates generally to apparatus and or fixed or detachable 3D artificial hyperbolic triangle reefs for affecting surface waves which propagate along the surface of a body of water.
Although the present invention will be described with particular reference to affecting surface waves which propagate specifically along the surface of a pool, surf pool, lake, pond, and river.
The present invention relates generally to surfing pools in which waves suitable for surfing are generated artificial by wave generating machines or devices. This invention particularly relates to surfing pools, in which the waves that are generated are suitable for tube riding by surfing, boogie boarding, body boarding, and kayaking.
Surfing pools for generating waves suitable for surfing have been previously proposed and in some instances are used commercial in surfing pools or surfing parks. Previous surfing pools known to the present inventor have not been capable of generating waves over a 3D artificial hyperbolic reef structure, suitable for tube riding. Tube riding is riding a boogie board, surf board inside a breaking wave. The surfer typically rides the shoulder or the base of the wave at the leading edge of the break as it progresses laterally along the wave front, and the surfer can also ride inside the breaking part of the wave. In contrast to plunging or barreling waves are spilling waves, which break without forming tubes or barrels. For the purpose of our invention we will be focusing on plunging breaking waves that are formed by a 3D artificial hyperbolic reef.
Current reefs that have been tried to be patented are two dimensional or single dimensional artificial reefs. The current invention is a three dimensional artificial hyperbolic reef structure that are intentional designed and shaped with different slopes and contours to maximize wave height shape and form.
A number of geometers made attempts to prove the parallel postulate by assuming its negation and trying to derive a contradiction, including Proclus, Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen), Omar Khayyám, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Witelo, Gersonides, Alfonso, and later Giovanni Gerolamo Saccheri, John Wallis, Johann Heinrich Lambert, and Legendre.[2] Their attempts failed, but their efforts gave birth to hyperbolic geometry.
The theorems of Alhacen, Khayyam and al-Tusi on quadrilaterals, including the Ibn al-Haytham-Lambert quadrilateral and Khayyam-Saccheri quadrilateral, were the first theorems on hyperbolic geometry. Their works on hyperbolic geometry had a considerable influence on its development among later European geometers, including Witelo, Gersonides, Alfonso, John Wallis and Saccheri. In the 18th century, Johann Heinrich Lambert introduced the hyperbolic functions and computed the area of a hyperbolic triangle.
In the nineteenth century, hyperbolic geometry was extensively explored by János Bolyai and Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky, after whom it sometimes is named. Lobachevsky published in 1830, while Bolyai independently discovered it and published in 1832. Carl Friedrich Gauss also studied hyperbolic geometry, describing in a 1824 letter to Taurinus that he had constructed it, but did not publish his work. In 1868, Eugenio Beltrami provided models of it, and used this to prove that hyperbolic geometry was consistent if Euclidean geometry was. The term “hyperbolic geometry” was introduced by Felix Klein in 1871.
There are four models commonly used for hyperbolic geometry: the Klein model, the Poincaré disc model, the Poincaré half-plane model, and the Lorentz model, or hyperboloid model. These models define a real hyperbolic space which satisfies the axioms of a hyperbolic geometry. Despite their names, the first three mentioned above were introduced as models of hyperbolic space by Beltrami, not by Poincaré or Klein.
The distance in this model is the cross-ratio, which was introduced by Arthur Cayley in projective geometry.
The four models essentially describe the same structure. The difference between them is that they represent different coordinate charts laid down on the same metric space, namely the hyperbolic space. The characteristic feature of the hyperbolic space itself is that it has a constant negative scalar curvature, which is indifferent to the coordinate chart used. The geodesics are similarly invariant: that is, geodesics map to geodesics under coordinate transformation. Hyperbolic geometry generally is introduced in terms of the geodesics and their intersections on the hyperbolic space.[5]
Once we choose a coordinate chart (one of the “models”), we can always embed it in a Euclidean space of same dimension, but the embedding is clearly not isometric (since the scalar curvature of Euclidean space is 0). The hyperbolic space can be represented by infinitely many different charts; but the embeddings in Euclidean space due to these four specific charts show some interesting characteristics.
Since the four models describe the same metric space, each can be transformed into the other. See, for example, the Beltrami-Klein model's relation to the hyperboloid model, the Beltrami-Klein model's relation to the Poincaré disk model, and the Poincaré disk model's relation to the hyperboloid model.
It is the primary objective of the present invention to provide a detachable or fixed 3D artificial hyperbolic reef to affect the surface waves in a pool, lake, pond and river, which produces plunging and barrel type breaking waves that exhibit progressive breaking laterally along the wave front so the waves can be used for tube riding. Another object of this invention is to provide a surfing pool which produces plunging type wave substantially at a constant wave peeling rate and frequency along the wave front to facilitate reading of the waves by the surfers as they break over the 3D hyperbolic artificial reef. Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanied drawings.
In accordance with the present invention, the foregoing objectives are realized by forming a 3D hyperbolic reef having a wave breaking surface which inclines upwardly towards the shore of the surf pool at a pre determined angle, and generating and forming waves on the wave generator house side of the reef. Propagating toward the shore the waves having steepness sufficient to cause the waves to break in a plunging barreling way as the wave traverse the wave breaking surface of the 3D hyperbolic reef.
To produce waves that break in a plunging way, the slope of the inclined portion of the 3D reef surface is preferably 1/25 and is most preferably at a range of 1/6 or 1/10, 1/15. When the slope is less then 1/25 the wave breaks without plunging. The acute angle or (peel angle) between the wave front and the wave breaking surface on the 3D reef surface is preferably in the range of 30 degrees to 70 degrees. We have found that the optimal peel angle is around 45 degrees. At angles less than 30 degrees the wave tends to peel to fast, making it very difficult for the surfer to keep up with the peel speed of the wave. If the peel angle is greater than 70 degrees excessive energy can be lost on wave breaking, and the wave can become undesirable small. By selecting different peel angels it is possible to change the range of difficulty of the wave sin the surf pool. For a more difficult surfing pool the peel angels should be closer to 30 degrees and for ales difficult wave the peel angel should be set at closer to 70 degrees.
The 3D hyperbolic reef will be submerged in water at the bottom of the surf pool such that the waves are able to propagate over the 3D artificial hyperbolic reef. The positioning of the hyperbolic reef in the surf pool will be determined many factors such as pool design, types of waves, wave heights, water depth, etc. Strategic placing of the solid reefs in the surf pool will maximize the propagating of the waves of the reef surface. The artificial hyperbolic 3D reef will affect the height of the wave, shape of the wave and the rate at which they peel and break. The solid reef is able to cause a wave which propagates over the reef after it passes over the reef.
The solid reef design allows for surfers riding the wave over to reef to fall into deeper water upon falling and not make contact with the 3D reef structure.
The upper part (top) of the 3D hyperbolic triangle reef surface will contain a series of circle structures that are evenly spaced apart on top of the solid reef surface. We have found that the circle structures perform the best. The structures can be made out of any circle structure such as a PVC pipe, bamboo, etc. These structures can be shaped in a rectangle, triangle or square structures as well. It has been found that these circle structures affect the waves shape and form by inhibiting the base of each wave by spreading or widening as it propagates over the solid reef. This function increases the wave height of each wave and the overall shape and form of each wave for surfing. The circular structures on the surface of the solid reef should stretch from one end of the reef to the other. Going from an upper end and running to a lower end of the reef. For optimal performance the circular structures should be equal spaced apart and run parallel to each other along the reef surface. It is preferred that each circular structure have an identical shape and size.
The 3D reef will be either fixed or detachable and can be placed anywhere with in the surf pool. The solid reef hyperbolic structure will be anchored to the bottom of the surf pool by cement anchoring stations or other securing methods and strategically placed in the surf pool. The Hyperbolic reefs can also be shaped and made to natural contour the bottom of the surf pool, pond, lake, river or lagoon.
In order that the invention may be more fully understood and put into practice, a preferred embodiment thereof now will be described with reference to the accompanied drawings.
Before any aspect of the invention are explained in detail, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to its application in the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or shown in the following drawings. The invention is capable of other aspects and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Also, it should be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should and should not be regarded as limited.
Description of
This figure shows the “Premier” or first placed hyperbolic reef twists and shapes and contours to the natural slope of the surf pool, lake, pond, and river or lagoon bottom. The front of the hyperbolic reef is slightly elongated to slow the breaking of the wave down for surfers to have a more controlled take off point. The cross section view of the premier reef shows the twisting contouring feature of the hyperbolic shaped reef.
Description of
Description of
This figures shows the “Triennial Hyperbolic Reef” or the third or last reef to be placed in the surf pool. This figure shows the Triennial Hyperbolic Reef is shaped in a hyperbolic fashion to allow the wave to break in shorter distances or beach break on the beach side of the surf pool.
Description of
This figure shows the “The second” hyperbolic reef strategically shaped in a hyperbolic fashion and form as to make the sides (the legs) of the hyperbolic reef longer then the premiere reef in the pool. The longer hyperbolic sides of the reef create longer surf rides in the pool and sustains the wave breaking form as the wave transverses the reef. The figure shows the cross section view of the second hyperbolic reef in its hyperbolic twisting shaping form.
Description of
This figure shows the Hyperbolic Reef with baffles or circular structures placed along the top of the hyperbolic reef. The baffles placed along the top of the artificial hyperbolic reef slows the wave down, increase wave height and keeps the form of the wave as it transverses over the hyperbolic reef.
