Claims
- 1. An apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
an envelope; a sachet disposed within the envelope; and a reactant disposed within the sachet that generates a gas in the presence of an initiating agent, wherein the envelope allows release of the gas from the envelope.
- 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sachet comprises a material having a pore size between about 0.01 μm and about 50 μm.
- 3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sachet comprises a hydrophobic material.
- 4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sachet comprises a hydrophilic material.
- 5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sachet comprises a material having one or more hydrophilic zones and one or more hydrophobic zones.
- 6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the one or more hydrophilic zones are created by printing an acid onto a surface of the sachet that is hydrophobic.
- 7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sachet comprises a material having a first surface that is hydrophilic and a second surface that is hydrophobic.
- 8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein sachet comprises a material having a bubble point between about 3 psi and about 100 psi.
- 9. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the sachet has a flow time between about 10 sec/500 ml and about 3,500 sec/500 ml for 100% IPA at 14.2 psi.
- 10. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the sachet has a flow time between about 5 Lmh/kPa and about 500 Lmh/kPa for 100% water at 14.2 psi.
- 11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the envelope comprises a material having a water vapor transmission rate between about 50 g/m2/24 hrs and about 1,000 g/m2/24 hrs.
- 12. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the envelope comprises a material having a selective gas transmission rate of between about 500 cc/m2/24 hrs and about 30,000 cc/m2/24 hrs for CO2.
- 13. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the envelope comprises a material having a selective gas transmission rate of between about 1,000 cc/m2/24 hrs and about 10,000 cc/m2/24 hrs for O2.
- 14. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the reactant comprises an aqueous soluble acid and an aqueous soluble chlorite and the gas is chlorine dioxide.
- 15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the aqueous soluble acid is selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, fumaric acid, glycolic acid, acetic acid, ascorbic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid and mixtures thereof.
- 16. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the aqueous soluble chlorite is selected from a group consisting of sodium chlorite and potassium chlorite and mixtures thereof.
- 17. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the weight ratio of the aqueous soluble chlorite to the aqueous soluble acid is between about 1:2 to about 1:6.
- 18. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a second sachet disposed within the envelope.
- 19. The apparatus of claim 18 further comprising a third sachet disposed about the first sachet and the second sachet, the third sachet being disposed within the envelope.
- 20. The apparatus of claim 18 further comprising a third sachet disposed within the envelope.
- 21. The apparatus of claim 20 wherein the reactant comprises sodium chlorite disposed in the first sachet and the third sachet, and citric acid disposed in the second sachet.
- 22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the first, second and third sachets are comprised of hydrophilic extruded membrane having a pore size between about 0.1 microns and about 10 microns and a thickness between about 100 microns and about 400 microns, and the envelope comprises a hydrophobic membrane having a pore size between about 0.05 microns and about 5 microns and a thickness between about 100 microns and about 400 microns.
- 23. An apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
a first reactant disposed within a first sachet; a second reactant disposed within a second sachet; a third sachet disposed about the first sachet and the second sachet; an envelope disposed about the third sachet; a frangible pouch disposed within the envelope adjacent to the third sachet; and an initiating agent disposed within the frangible pouch, wherein the first reactant and the second reactant generate a gas in the presence of the initiating agent, and the envelope allows release of the gas from the apparatus.
- 24. An apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
a sachet; a partition disposed within the sachet defining a first volume and a second volume; a first reactant disposed in the first volume; and a second reactant disposed within the second volume, wherein the first reactant and the second reactant generate a gas in the presence of an initiating agent, and the sachet allows entry of the initiating agent into the apparatus.
- 25. The apparatus of claim 24 further comprising an envelope disposed about the sachet.
- 26. An apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
a sachet; and a reactant disposed within the sachet that generates a gas in the presence of an initiating agent, wherein the sachet allows contact of the initiating agent with the reactant and release of the gas from the apparatus.
- 27. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the sachet comprises a hydrophobic material having a pore size between about 0.01 μm and about 50 μm.
- 28. A method of forming an apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
(a) providing a multi-layer structure comprising a reactant layer centrally disposed between two sachet layers, and two envelope layers disposed adjacent to the two sachet layers such that the two sachet layers are centrally disposed between the two envelope layers; and (b) stamping the multi-layer structure such that the two envelope layers form an envelope defined about its perimeter by the stamp, and the two sachet layers form a sachet defined about its perimeter by the stamp.
- 29. The method of claim 28 further comprising:
(c) providing a second two envelope layers and an initiating agent in a frangible pouch; and (d) stamping the second two envelope layers to form a second envelope defined about its perimeter by the stamp, such that the frangible pouch and the envelope formed in step (b) are disposed within the second envelope.
- 30. A method of delivering gas comprising:
(a) providing an apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
an envelope, a sachet disposed within the envelope, and a reactant disposed within the sachet that generates a gas in the presence of an initiating agent, wherein the envelope allows release of the gas from the envelope; and (b) disposing the apparatus in an environment that comprises an initiating agent.
- 31. The method of claim 30 wherein the environment is liquid and the initiating agent is water.
- 32. The method of claim 30 wherein the environment is gaseous and the initiating agent is water vapor.
- 33. An apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
a barrier layer; a sachet layer disposed adjacent to the barrier layer; a reactant disposed between the barrier layer and the sachet layer that generates a gas in the presence of an initiating agent; and an envelope layer disposed adjacent to the sachet layer, wherein the envelope layer allows release of the gas from the apparatus.
- 34. The apparatus of claim 33 further comprising a desiccant disposed between the barrier layer and the sachet layer.
- 35. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the sachet layer is a hydrophilic membrane.
- 36. The apparatus of claim 35 wherein the hydrophilic membrane sachet layer has a pore size of between about 0.01 microns and about 50 microns and a thickness between about 100 microns and about 400 microns.
- 37. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the envelope layer is a hydrophobic perforated film.
- 38. The apparatus of claim 37 wherein the envelope layer has a pore size of between about 0.05 microns and about 5 microns and a thickness between about 100 microns and about 400 microns.
- 39. The apparatus of claim 33 further comprising a second barrier layer disposed adjacent to the envelope layer.
- 40. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the barrier layer is formed to define a cavity and the reactant is disposed in the cavity.
- 41. The apparatus of claim 40 wherein the barrier layer further defines a second cavity and a desiccant disposed within the second cavity.
- 42. The apparatus of claim 33 further comprising a pouch having a spout and a cap, wherein the barrier layer is formed to attach to the cap.
- 43. The apparatus of claim 33 further comprising a spray bottle having a detachable portion, wherein the barrier layer is formed to attach to the detachable portion.
- 44. An apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
a barrier layer formed to define a first cavity and a second cavity; a sachet layer disposed adjacent to the barrier layer, the sachet layer comprising a hydrophilic membrane having a pore size of between about 0.05 microns and about 5 microns and a thickness between about 100 microns and 400 microns; a reactant disposed between the barrier layer and the sachet layer in the first cavity that generates a gas in the presence of an initiating agent; a desiccant disposed between the barrier layer and the sachet layer in the second cavity; and an envelope layer disposed adjacent to the sachet layer, the sachet layer comprising a hydrophobic membrane having a pore size of between about 0.01 microns and 50 microns and a thickness between about 100 microns and 400 microns, wherein the envelope layer allows release of the gas from the apparatus
- 45. An apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
a barrier layer; a sachet layer disposed adjacent to the barrier layer; and a reactant disposed between the barrier layer and the sachet layer that generates a gas in the presence of an initiating agent; wherein the sachet layer allows entry of the initiating agent into the apparatus.
- 46. The apparatus of claim 45 wherein the sachet comprises a hydrophobic membrane having a pore size between about 0.01 μm and about 50 μm.
- 47. The apparatus of claim 45 wherein the barrier layer is formed to define a cavity and the reactant is disposed in the cavity.
- 48. The apparatus of claim 47 wherein the barrier layer further defines a second cavity and a desiccant disposed within the second cavity.
- 49. A method of forming an apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
(a) providing a multi-layer structure comprising a reactant layer centrally disposed between a sachet layer and a barrier layer, and an envelope layer disposed adjacent to the sachet layer; and (b) sealing the perimeter of the barrier layer, sachet layer and barrier layer such that the reactant is disposed in a volume defined by the sachet layer and the barrier layer.
- 50. A method of forming an apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
(a) providing a multi-layer structure comprising a reactant layer centrally disposed between a sachet layer and a barrier layer; and (b) sealing the multi-layer structure such that the such that the reactant is disposed in a volume defined by the sachet layer and the barrier layer.
- 51. A method of forming an apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising:
(a) providing an apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising an envelope layer, a sachet layer disposed adjacent to the envelope layer, a barrier layer disposed adjacent to the sachet layer, and a reactant disposed in a volume defined by the sachet layer and the barrier layer; and (b) disposing the apparatus in an environment that comprises an initiating agent.
- 52. A method of delivering gas comprising:
(a) providing an apparatus for delivery of a gas comprising: a barrier layer; a sachet layer disposed adjacent to the barrier layer; a reactant disposed between the barrier layer and the sachet layer that generates a gas in the presence of an initiating agent; and an envelope layer disposed adjacent to the sachet layer, wherein the envelope layer allows release of the gas from the apparatus; and (b) disposing the apparatus in an environment that comprises an initiating agent.
- 53. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the reactant comprises desiccant.
- 54. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sachet is disposed within a second sachet, and the second sachet is disposed within the envelope.
- 55. The apparatus of claim 54 wherein the second sachet is a selective transmission film.
- 56. The apparatus of claim 54 further comprising an initiating agent disposed within a frangible pouch, wherein the frangible pouch is disposed within the second sachet.
- 57. The apparatus of claim 54 further comprising an initiating agent disposed within a frangible pouch, wherein the frangible pouch is disposed within the envelope and outside the second sachet.
- 58. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein the envelope is a selective transmission film.
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is entitled to the benefit of earlier filed U.S. Provisional patent application Ser. Nos. 60/190,028, filed Mar. 17, 2000, and 60/183,368, filed Feb. 18, 2000, and 60/259,896, filed Jan. 4, 2001, under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e), and copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/660,117, filed Sep. 12, 2000, under 35 U.S.C. § 120, the entire disclosure of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
Provisional Applications (3)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60183368 |
Feb 2000 |
US |
|
60190028 |
Mar 2000 |
US |
|
60259896 |
Jan 2001 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09660117 |
Sep 2000 |
US |
Child |
09785634 |
Feb 2001 |
US |