APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR INTERLOCKING STENT SEGMENTS

Information

  • Patent Application
  • 20070219613
  • Publication Number
    20070219613
  • Date Filed
    March 19, 2007
    18 years ago
  • Date Published
    September 20, 2007
    18 years ago
Abstract
Apparatus and methods for interlocking stent segments which provide for a secure engagement between the expanded stent segments are described herein. Stent segments which are able to slide freely relative to one another along the deployment catheter prior to expansion may be secured to one another when expanded and/or deployed into the vessel. Securement upon expansion of the stent segments may be accomplished, in part, by utilizing one or more coupling mechanisms between adjacent stent segments which securely interlock the segments to one another by taking advantage of the changing geometry of the stents during expansion.
Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS


FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a luminal prosthesis delivery system composed of multiple linked stents arranged axially along a delivery catheter.



FIG. 2A is a side view of a luminal prosthesis delivery system with multiple linked stents mounted on a delivery catheter and positioned in a vessel, at a target lesion site.



FIG. 2B is a side view illustrating a group of stent segments selected for deployment.



FIG. 2C is a side view illustrating the stent segments selected for deployment separated from the remaining stent segments.



FIG. 2D is a side view illustrating the selected stent segments being radially expanded while the remaining stent segments are left behind on the delivery catheter.



FIG. 3A shows one variation of a coupling mechanism for engaging adjacent stent segments with a T-shaped member engaging a set of jaws.



FIG. 3B illustrates the coupling mechanism in FIG. 3A with the jaws enclosed at least partially around the T-shaped member upon expansion or deployment of the stent segments.



FIG. 4A shows another variation of a coupling mechanism between adjacent stent segments with adjacent stent segments shown unrolled and flattened.



FIG. 4B is a detailed view of the coupling mechanism of FIG. 4A having projecting members which are keyed to be received in a secure manner within a corresponding receiving channel in the adjacent stent segment.



FIG. 4C shows the coupling mechanism of FIG. 4A-4B in the engaged position once the stent segments have been expanded or deployed.



FIG. 5A shows another variation of a coupling mechanism between adjacent stent segments with adjacent stent segments shown unrolled and flattened.



FIG. 5B is a detailed view of the coupling mechanism of FIG. 5A utilizing a pinching mechanism for engaging a projection extending from the adjacent stent segment.



FIG. 5C shows the coupling mechanism of FIG. 5B in the engaged position once the stent segments have been expanded or deployed.



FIG. 6A shows another variation of a coupling mechanism between adjacent stent segments with adjacent stent segments shown unrolled and flattened.



FIG. 6B illustrates a detailed view of the coupling mechanism of FIG. 6A utilizing a curved pinching or jaw mechanism for engaging a projection extending from the adjacent stent segment.



FIG. 6C illustrates the coupling mechanism of FIG. 6B in the engaged position once the stent segments have been expanded or deployed.



FIG. 6D illustrates a variation of the curved jaw mechanism with the jaw members projected at an angle relative to an axis of the coupling mechanism.



FIG. 6E illustrates another variation of the curved jaw mechanism with the jaw members projected parallel relative to one another.



FIG. 7A shows another variation of a coupling mechanism between adjacent stent segments with adjacent stent segments shown unrolled and flattened.



FIG. 7B shows a detailed view of the coupling mechanism of FIG. 7A utilizing pinching members which project parallel relative to one another.



FIG. 7C shows the coupling mechanism of FIG. 7B in the engaged position once the stent segments have been expanded or deployed.



FIG. 8A shows a detailed side view of an alternative coupling member which is rounded to facilitate its release and engagement between adjacent stent segments.



FIG. 8B shows a detailed side view of another alternative coupling member which is configured with one or more intra-stent cusps which facilitate and maintain a sufficient separation distance between adjacent stent segments.



FIGS. 8C and 8D illustrate the coupling member of FIG. 8B prior to and after engagement with the adjacent stent, respectively.



FIG. 9A illustrates yet another variation of a coupling mechanism between adjacent stent segments where pinching or grasping members are alternated between coupling members.



FIG. 9B illustrates another variation where pinching or grasping members are alternated in groups between coupling members.



FIG. 10 shows yet another variation which utilizes one or more single arms or coupling members which extend between adjacent stent segments.



FIGS. 11A and 11B illustrate, respectively, the variation of FIG. 10 where a stent segment may utilize at least two arms positioned along each side of a stent segment and which swings into and locks against an opposing arm on an adjacent stent segment when expanded.



FIG. 12A shows another variation of a coupling mechanism between adjacent stent segments with adjacent stent segments shown unrolled and flattened.



FIGS. 12B and 12C show detailed views of the coupling mechanism of FIG. 12A having projecting members which pinch against one another in their secured configuration.



FIG. 13A shows another variation with adjacent stent segments having coupling mechanisms aligned in alternating pairs.



FIG. 13B shows a perspective view of the coupled stent segments of FIG. 13A.



FIGS. 14A and 14B show unexpanded stent segments uncoupled from one another.



FIG. 14C illustrates the expanded stent segments from FIGS. 14A and 14B with the coupling mechanism engaged to impart a shape to the stent assembly.


Claims
  • 1. A coupling apparatus for luminal prosthesis, comprising: at least one coupling member extending from a first segment of the prosthesis; andat least one receiving portion defined along a second segment of the prosthesis which is adjacent to the first segment, the first and second segments being radially expandable from a collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration,wherein the receiving portion is in apposition to the coupling member such that the receiving portion is separable from the coupling member in the collapsed configuration and secured to the coupling member in the expanded configuration.
  • 2. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a delivery catheter upon which the luminal prosthesis is delivered intravascularly.
  • 3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the delivery catheter comprises an outer sheath positionable over the luminal prosthesis.
  • 4. The apparatus of claim 3 further comprising a separation element on the delivery catheter adapted to separate a first stent segment to be retained on the delivery catheter from a second stent segment to be deployed.
  • 5. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the delivery catheter comprises an inflatable balloon upon which the first and second stent segments are positionable for expansion against a luminal wall.
  • 6. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising at least one additional coupling member extending from the first stent segment, wherein the additional coupling member is circumferentially spaced apart from the first stent segment.
  • 7. The apparatus of claim 6 further comprising at least one additional receiving portions defined around a circumference of the second stent segment whereby each additional receiving portion is in apposition to each additional coupling member.
  • 8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the coupling member extends axially from the first stent segment towards the adjacent second stent segment.
  • 9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the coupling member comprises an axially projecting member having a distal tip adapted to engage the receiving portion in a secure manner.
  • 10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the coupling member comprises a T-shaped projection.
  • 11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the coupling member further comprises at least one intra-stent cusp adapted to maintain spacing between the first and second stent segments.
  • 12. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the receiving portion comprises a pair of jaw members extending from respective stent struts, wherein expansion of the luminal prosthesis urges the respective stent struts away from one another such that the jaw members close upon the coupling member.
  • 13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein each jaw member further comprises a curved member extending towards a longitudinal axis of the receiving portion.
  • 14. The apparatus of claim 12 further comprising a cross-member connecting a proximal portion of the pair of jaw members.
  • 15. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising at least one additional receiving portion defined along the first stent segment adjacent to the at least one coupling member.
  • 16. The apparatus of claim 15 further comprising at least one additional coupling member extending from the second stent segment adjacent to the at least one receiving portion, wherein the first and second stent segments are aligned such that each coupling member and each receiving portion are in apposition to one another in complementary alignment.
  • 17. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second segments are disconnected from one another in the collapsed configuration.
  • 18. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising at least one additional segment of the prosthesis.
  • 19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the additional segment is radially expandable from the collapsed configuration to the expanded configuration.
  • 20. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein the additional segment is disconnected from the first and second segments in the collapsed configuration and connected to either the first or second segment in the expanded configuration.
  • 21. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one segment of the prosthesis carries a therapeutic agent adapted to be released therefrom.
  • 22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of antibiotics, thrombolytics, anti-thrombotics, anti-inflammatories, cytotoxic agents, anti-proliferative agents, anti-restenosis agents, endothelial cell attractors and promoters, vasodilators, gene therapy agents, radioactive agents, immunosuppressants, chemotherapeutics, stem cells, and combinations thereof.
  • 23. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second segments of the luminal prosthesis define a non-straight shape when the coupling member and receiving portion are secured to one another in the expanded configuration in the absence of external forces or constraints.
  • 24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the luminal prosthesis defines a curved shape.
  • 25. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the first stent segment has first and second coupling members along a first end thereof, the first and second coupling members being circumferentially spaced apart from each other, and the second stent segment defines at least first and second complementary receiving portions along a second end which is in apposition to the first end, the first and second coupling members being captured in the receiving portions upon expansion of the first and second stent segments, wherein the first coupling member and the first receiving portion allow more axial separation between the first and second ends than the second coupling member and the second receiving portion when the first and second stent segments are expanded.
  • 26. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein a length of at least one segment of the prosthesis is less than or equal to 7 mm.
  • 27. A luminal prosthesis, comprising: a first tubular stent segment; anda second tubular stent segment adjacent to and axially separable from the first stent segment,wherein the first and second stent segments are configured to connect to one another upon radial expansion of the first and second stent segments so as to limit axial separation therebetween.
  • 28. The luminal prosthesis of claim 27 wherein the first stent segment has at least one coupling member along a first end and the second stent segment defines at least one complementary receiving portion along a second end which is in apposition to the first end.
  • 29. The luminal prosthesis of claim 27 further comprising a delivery catheter upon which the first and second stent segments are delivered intravascularly.
  • 30. The luminal prosthesis of claim 29 wherein the delivery catheter comprises an outer sheath positionable over the first and second stent segments.
  • 31. The luminal prosthesis of claim 30 further comprising a separation element positioned upon the outer sheath and movable therewith, wherein the separation element is adapted to contact and separate a first stent segment within the sheath from a second stent segment exposed outside the sheath.
  • 32. The luminal prosthesis of claim 27 further comprising an inflatable balloon upon which the first and second stent segments are positionable for expansion against a luminal wall.
  • 33. The luminal prosthesis of claim 28 further comprising at least one additional coupling members extending from the first stent segment.
  • 34. The luminal prosthesis of claim 33 further comprising at least one additional receiving portion defined around the second circumference whereby each additional receiving portion is in apposition to each additional coupling member.
  • 35. The luminal prosthesis of claim 28 wherein the coupling member extends axially from the first stent segment towards the adjacent second stent segment.
  • 36. The luminal prosthesis of claim 28 wherein the coupling member comprises an axially projecting member having a distal tip adapted to engage the receiving portion in a secure manner.
  • 37. The luminal prosthesis of claim 28 wherein the coupling member comprises a T-shaped projection.
  • 38. The luminal prosthesis of claim 28 wherein the coupling member further comprises at least one intra-stent cusp adapted to maintain spacing between the first and second stent segments.
  • 39. The luminal prosthesis of claim 28 wherein the receiving portion comprises a pair of jaw members extending from respective stent struts, wherein expansion of the second stent segment urges the respective stent struts away from one another such that the jaw members close upon the coupling member.
  • 40. The luminal prosthesis of claim 39 wherein each jaw member further comprises a curved member extending towards a longitudinal axis of the receiving portion.
  • 41. The luminal prosthesis of claim 39 further comprising a cross-member connecting a proximal portion of the pair of jaw members.
  • 42. The luminal prosthesis of claim 27 wherein the luminal prosthesis defines a curved or angular shape upon radial expansion of the first and second stent segments when constrained.
  • 43. The luminal prosthesis of claim 42 wherein the first stent segment has first and second coupling members along a first end thereof, the first and second coupling members being circumferentially spaced apart from each other, and the second stent segment defines at least first and second complementary receiving portions along a second end which is in apposition to the first end, the first and second coupling members being captured in the receiving portions upon expansion of the first and second stent segments, wherein the first coupling member and the first receiving portion allow more axial separation between the first and second ends than the second coupling member and the second receiving portion when the first and second stent segments are expanded.
  • 44. A method for coupling two or more stent segments in a vessel lumen, comprising: delivering at least first and second stent segments to the vessel lumen, the first and second stent segments being carried by a delivery catheter, the first and second stent segments being axially separable from one another in the delivery catheter; andexpanding the first and second stent segments in the vessel lumen such that adjacent portions of the first and second stent segments become secured to one another when expanded thereby limiting axial separation therebetween.
  • 45. The method of claim 44 further comprising advancing at least the first and second stent segments intravascularly through the vessel lumen prior to expanding.
  • 46. The method of claim 44 wherein delivering comprises advancing a delivery catheter upon which the first and second stent segments are positioned.
  • 47. The method of claim 46 further comprising retracting an outer sheath to expose at least the first and second stent segments to the vessel lumen.
  • 48. The method of claim 47 further comprising engaging additional stent segments within the outer sheath to separate the additional stent segments from the first and second stent segments as the outer sheath is retracted.
  • 49. The method of claim 44 wherein expanding comprises expanding an inflatable balloon upon which the first and second stent segments are positioned upon.
  • 50. The method of claim 44 further comprising selecting the first and second stent segments for deployment from three or more stent segments on the delivery catheter.
  • 51. The method of claim 44 wherein expanding comprises expanding the first and second stent segments against a lesion.
  • 52. The method of claim 44 wherein expanding comprises inflating a balloon to expand the first and second stent segments within the vessel lumen.
  • 53. The method of claim 44 wherein expanding comprises urging one or more stent struts away from one another along the second stent segment adjacent to the first stent segment such that a pair of jaw members close upon a complementary coupling member extending from the first stent segment.
  • 54. The method of claim 44 wherein expanding comprises securing a first circumference of the first stent segment to a second circumference of the second stent segments, wherein the first and second circumferences are adjacent to one another.
  • 55. The method of claim 44 wherein delivering further comprises delivering at least a third stent segment with the first and second stent segments in the delivery catheter, the third stent segment being axially separable from the first and second stent segments.
  • 56. The method of claim 55 further comprising separating the third stent segment from the first and second stent segments prior to expanding the first and second stent segments in the vessel lumen, the third segment being retained in the delivery catheter.
  • 57. The method of claim 44 wherein delivering comprises delivering at least first and second stent segments in an artery of a patient.
  • 58. The method of claim 44 further comprising eluting a therapeutic agent from at least one of the first and second stent segments in the vessel lumen.
  • 59. The method of claim 44 wherein expanding comprises expanding at least the first and second stent segments while retaining at least one additional stent segment on the delivery catheter.
  • 60. A system for deploying a luminal prosthesis, comprising: a delivery catheter;at least two tubular stent segments positioned along the delivery catheter,wherein the tubular stent segments are disconnected from one another and axially separable in a collapsed configuration, andwherein the tubular stent segments are configured to connect to one another upon radial expansion of the stent segments into an expanded configuration so as to limit the axial separation thereof.
  • 61. The system of claim 60 further comprising an outer sheath positionable over the stent segments.
  • 62. The system of claim 60 further comprising a separation element on the delivery catheter for axially separating the tubular stent segments.
  • 63. The system of claim 62 wherein the separation element comprises a separation element adapted to contact and separate stent segments for deployment.
  • 64. The system of claim 60 further comprising an inflatable balloon upon which the tubular stent segments are positionable for radial expansion.
  • 65. The system of claim 60 further comprising at least one coupling mechanism between each adjacent stent segment, wherein the coupling mechanism is disconnected and axial separable between stent segments in the collapsed configuration.
  • 66. The system of claim 65 wherein the at least one coupling mechanism is configured to connect upon radial expansion of the stent segments into the expanded configuration such that the stent segments are secured to one another.
  • 67. The system of claim 60 further comprising at least one additional stent segment positioned along the delivery catheter proximal to the at least two tubular stent segments.
  • 68. The system of claim 67 wherein the additional stent segment is disconnected from the at least two tubular stent segments in the collapsed configuration.
  • 69. The system of claim 68 wherein the additional stent segment is retained on the delivery catheter when the tubular stent segments are radial expanded.
  • 70. The system of claim 60 wherein at least one stent segment carries a therapeutic agent releasable therefrom.
  • 71. A luminal prosthesis, comprising: a first tubular stent segment; anda second tubular stent segment adjacent to and at least partially coupled to the first stent segment,wherein the first and second stent segments are axially separable from one another via a separating mechanism when the stent segments are in a collapsed configuration, andwherein the first and second stent segments are configured to connect to one another upon radial expansion such that the first segment is less bendable relative to the second stent segments are stiffened.
  • 72. The luminal prosthesis of claim 71 wherein the first stent segment has at least one coupling member along a first end and the second stent segment defines at least one complementary receiving portion along a second end which is in apposition to the first end, the coupling member being captured in the receiving portion upon expansion of the first and second stent segments.
Provisional Applications (1)
Number Date Country
60784309 Mar 2006 US