The present disclosure relates to devices configured to condition refillable articles for electronic aerosol provision systems.
Electronic aerosol provision systems, which are often configured as so-called electronic cigarettes, can have a unitary format with all elements of the system in a common housing, or a multi-component format in which elements are distributed between two or more housings which can be coupled together to form the system. A common example of the latter format is a two-component system comprising a device and an article. The device typically contains an electrical power source for the system, such as a battery, and control electronics for operating elements in order to generate aerosol. The article, also referred to by terms including cartridge, cartomizer, consumable and clearomizer, typically contains a storage volume or area for holding a supply of aerosolizable material from which the aerosol is generated, plus an aerosol generator or atomizer such as a heater operable to vaporize the aerosolizable material. A similar three-component system may include a separate mouthpiece that attaches to the article. In many designs, the article is designed to be disposable, in that it is intended to be detached from the device and thrown away when the aerosolizable material has been consumed. The user obtains a new article which has been prefilled with aerosolizable material by a manufacturer and attaches it to the device for use. The device, in contrast, is intended to be used with multiple consecutive articles, with a capability to recharge the battery to allow prolonged operation.
While disposable articles, which may be called consumables, are convenient for the user, they may be considered wasteful of natural resources and hence detrimental to the environment. An alternative design of article is therefore known, which is configured to be refilled with aerosolizable material by the user. This reduces waste, and can reduce the cost of electronic cigarette usage for the user. The aerosolizable material may be provided in a bottle, for example, from which the user squeezes or drips a quantity of material into the article via a refilling orifice on the article. However, the act of refilling can be awkward and inconvenient, since the items are small and the volume of material involved is typically low. Alignment of the juncture between bottle and article can be difficult, with inaccuracies leading to spillage of the material. This is not only wasteful, but may also be dangerous. Aerosolizable material frequently contains liquid nicotine, which can be poisonous if it makes contact with the skin.
Therefore, refilling units or devices have been proposed, which are configured to receive a bottle or other reservoir of aerosolizable material plus a refillable article, and to automate the transfer of the material from the former to the latter. Alternative, improved or enhanced features and designs for such refilling devices are therefore of interest.
According to a first aspect of some embodiments described herein, there is provided a refilling device for filling an article from a reservoir, comprising: an article interface for receiving an article of an aerosol provision system, the article having a storage area for fluid and an atomizer having porosity for absorbing fluid from the storage area and comprising an electrically conductive heating member for vaporizing the absorbed fluid; and a controller configured to: supply electrical power to produce electrical current flow in the heating member of an article received in the article interface during a heating period to cause heating of the heating member; and execute a filling action to deliver fluid to the storage area of the article after the heating period.
According to a second aspect of some embodiments described herein, there is provided a refilling device for filling an article from a reservoir, comprising: an article interface for receiving an article of an aerosol provision system, the article having a storage area for fluid and an atomizer having porosity for absorbing fluid from the storage area and comprising an electrically conductive heating member for vaporizing the absorbed fluid; an air pump for removing air from inside an article received in the article interface; and a controller configured to: execute a filling action to deliver fluid to the storage area of the article; and during the filling action and/or on completion of the filling action, operate the air pump to reduce air pressure inside the article for a wetting period to promote flow of fluid from the storage area into the atomizer.
According to a third aspect of some embodiments described herein, there is provided an aerosol provision system comprising: a storage area for fluid; an atomizer having porosity for absorbing fluid from the storage area and comprising an electrically conductive heating member for vaporizing the absorbed fluid; a battery for supplying electrical power to cause heating of the heating member; a use status indicator indicating use of the heating member; and a controller configured to: determine use of the heating member from the use status indicator; and operate the battery to supply electrical power to produce electrical current flow in the heating member during a heating period to cause heating of the heating member if it is determined from the use status indicator that the heating member is unused.
These and further aspects of the certain embodiments are set out in the appended independent and dependent claims. It will be appreciated that features of the dependent claims may be combined with each other and features of the independent claims in combinations other than those explicitly set out in the claims. Furthermore, the approach described herein is not restricted to specific embodiments such as set out below, but includes and contemplates any appropriate combinations of features presented herein. For example, apparatus for conditioning refillable articles for aerosol provision systems may be provided in accordance with approaches described herein which includes any one or more of the various features described below as appropriate.
Various embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail by way of example only with reference to the following drawings in which:
Aspects and features of certain examples and embodiments are discussed/described herein. Some aspects and features of certain examples and embodiments may be implemented conventionally and these are not discussed/described in detail in the interests of brevity. It will thus be appreciated that aspects and features of apparatus and methods discussed herein which are not described in detail may be implemented in accordance with any conventional techniques for implementing such aspects and features.
As described above, the present disclosure relates to (but is not limited to) electronic aerosol or vapor provision systems, such as e-cigarettes. Throughout the following description the terms “e-cigarette” and “electronic cigarette” may sometimes be used; however, it will be appreciated these terms may be used interchangeably with aerosol (vapor) provision system or device. The systems are intended to generate an inhalable aerosol by vaporization of a substrate (aerosol-generating material) in the form of a liquid or gel which may or may not contain nicotine. Additionally, hybrid systems may comprise a liquid or gel substrate plus a solid substrate which is also heated. The solid substrate may be for example tobacco or other non-tobacco products, which may or may not contain nicotine. The terms “aerosol-generating material” and “aerosolizable material” as used herein are intended to refer to materials which can form an aerosol, either through the application of heat or some other means. The term “aerosol” may be used interchangeably with “vapor”.
As used herein, the terms “system” and “delivery system” are intended to encompass systems that deliver a substance to a user, and include non-combustible aerosol provision systems that release compounds from an aerosolizable material without combusting the aerosolizable material, such as electronic cigarettes, tobacco heating products, and hybrid systems to generate aerosol using a combination of aerosolizable materials, and articles comprising aerosolizable material and configured to be used within one of these non-combustible aerosol provision systems. According to the present disclosure, a “non-combustible” aerosol provision system is one where a constituent aerosol generating material of the aerosol provision system (or component thereof) is not combusted or burned in order to facilitate delivery to a user. In some embodiments, the delivery system is a non-combustible aerosol provision system, such as a powered non-combustible aerosol provision system. In some embodiments, the non-combustible aerosol provision system is an electronic cigarette, also known as a vaping device or electronic nicotine delivery (END) system, although it is noted that the presence of nicotine in the aerosol generating material is not a requirement. In some embodiments, the non-combustible aerosol provision system is a hybrid system to generate aerosol using a combination of aerosolizable materials, one or a plurality of which may be heated. Each of the aerosolizable materials may be, for example, in the form of a solid, liquid or gel and may or may not contain nicotine. In some embodiments, the hybrid system comprises a liquid or gel aerosol generating material and a solid aerosol generating material. The solid aerosol generating material may comprise, for example, tobacco or a non-tobacco product.
Typically, the non-combustible aerosol provision system may comprise a non-combustible aerosol provision device and an article (consumable) for use with the non-combustible aerosol provision device. However, it is envisaged that articles which themselves comprise a means for powering an aerosol generator or aerosol generating component may themselves form the non-combustible aerosol provision system. In some embodiments, the non-combustible aerosol provision device may comprise a power source and a controller. The power source may, for example, be an electric power source. In some embodiments, the article for use with the non-combustible aerosol provision device may comprise an aerosol generating component (aerosol generator or atomizer), an aerosol generating area, a mouthpiece, and a storage area for receiving and holding aerosol generating material.
In some systems the aerosol generating component or aerosol generator comprises a heater capable of interacting with the aerosolizable material so as to release one or more volatiles from the aerosolizable material to form an aerosol. However, the disclosure is not limited in this regard, and aspects may apply also to systems that use other approaches to form aerosol, such as a vibrating mesh.
In the present disclosure, the article for use with the non-combustible aerosol provision device comprises a storage area for receiving fluid aerosolizable material. For example, the storage area may be a reservoir. In some embodiments, the area for receiving aerosolizable material may be separate from, or combined with, an aerosol generating area. In some embodiments, the article for use with the non-combustible aerosol provision device may comprise a mouthpiece
As used herein, the term “component” may be used to refer to a part, section, unit, module, assembly or similar of an electronic cigarette or similar device that incorporates several smaller parts or elements, possibly within an exterior housing or wall. An aerosol provision system such as an electronic cigarette may be formed or built from one or more such components, such as an article and a device, and the components may be removably or separably connectable to one another, or may be permanently joined together during manufacture to define the whole system. The present disclosure is applicable to (but not limited to) systems comprising two components separably connectable to one another and configured, for example, as an article in the form of an aerosolizable material carrying component holding liquid or another aerosolizable material (alternatively referred to as a cartridge, cartomizer, pod or consumable), and a device having a battery or other power source for providing electrical power to operate an aerosol generating component or aerosol generator for creating vapor/aerosol from the aerosolizable material. A component may include more or fewer parts than those included in the examples.
The present disclosure relates to aerosol provision systems and components thereof that utilize aerosolizable material in the form of a liquid or a gel which is held in a storage area such as a reservoir, tank, container or other receptacle comprised in the system, or absorbed onto a carrier substrate. An arrangement for delivering the material from the reservoir for the purpose of providing it to an aerosol generator for vapor/aerosol generation is included. The terms “liquid”, “gel”, “fluid”, “source liquid”, “source gel”, “source fluid” and the like may be used interchangeably with terms such as “aerosol-generating material”, “aerosolizable substrate material” and “substrate material” to refer to material that has a form capable of being stored and delivered in accordance with examples of the present disclosure.
The article 30 includes a storage area such as a reservoir 3 for containing a source liquid or other aerosol-generating material comprising a formulation such as liquid or gel from which an aerosol is to be generated, for example containing nicotine. As an example, the source liquid may comprise around 1% to 3% nicotine and 50% glycerol, with the remainder comprising roughly equal measures of water and propylene glycol, and possibly also comprising other components, such as flavorings. Nicotine-free source liquid may also be used, such as to deliver flavoring. A solid substrate (not illustrated), such as a portion of tobacco or other flavor element through which vapor generated from the liquid is passed, may also be included. The reservoir 3 may have the form of a storage tank, being a container or receptacle in which source liquid can be stored such that the liquid is free to move and flow within the confines of the tank. In other examples, the storage area may comprise absorbent material (either inside a tank or similar, or positioned within the outer housing of the article) that holds the aerosol generating material. For a consumable article, the reservoir 3 may be sealed after filling during manufacture so as to be disposable after the source liquid is consumed. However, the present disclosure is relevant to refillable articles that have an inlet port, orifice or other opening (not shown in
A heater and wick (or similar) combination, referred to above as an aerosol generator 5, may sometimes be termed an atomizer or atomizer assembly, and the reservoir with its source liquid plus the atomizer may be collectively referred to as an aerosol source. Various designs are possible, in which the parts may be differently arranged compared with the highly schematic representation of
Returning to
The device 20 includes a power source such as cell or battery 7 (referred to hereinafter as a battery, and which may or may not be re-chargeable) to provide electrical power for electrical components of the e-cigarette 10, in particular to operate the heater 4. Additionally, there is a controller 8 such as a printed circuit board and/or other electronics or circuitry for generally controlling the e-cigarette. The controller may include a processor programmed with software, which may be modifiable by a user of the system. The control electronics/circuitry 8 operates the heater 4 using power from the battery 7 when vapor is required. At this time, the user inhales on the system 10 via the mouthpiece 35, and air A enters through one or more air inlets 9 in the wall of the device 20 (air inlets may alternatively or additionally be located in the article 30). When the heater 4 is operated, it vaporizes source liquid delivered from the reservoir 3 by the aerosol-generating material transfer component 6 to generate the aerosol by entrainment of the vapor into the air flowing through the system, and this is then inhaled by the user through the opening in the mouthpiece 35. The aerosol is carried from the aerosol generator 5 to the mouthpiece 35 along one or more air channels (not shown) that connect the air inlets 9 to the aerosol generator 5 to the air outlet when a user inhales on the mouthpiece 35.
More generally, the controller 8 is suitably configured/programmed to control the operation of the aerosol provision system to provide functionality in accordance with embodiments and examples of the disclosure as described further herein, as well as for providing conventional operating functions of the aerosol provision system in line with established techniques for controlling such devices. The controller 8 may be considered to logically comprise various sub-units/circuitry elements associated with different aspects of the aerosol provision system's operation in accordance with the principles described herein and other conventional operating aspects of aerosol provision systems, such as display driving circuitry for systems that may include a user display (such as an screen or indicator) and user input detections via one or more user actuable controls 12. It will be appreciated that the functionality of the controller 8 can be provided in various different ways, for example using one or more suitably programmed programmable computers and/or one or more suitably configured application-specific integrated circuits/circuitry/chips/chipsets configured to provide the desired functionality.
The device 20 and the article 30 are separate connectable parts detachable from one another by separation in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis, as indicated by the double-headed arrows in
The present disclosure relates to the filling and refilling of a storage area for aerosol generating material in an aerosol provision system, whereby a user is enabled to conveniently provide a system with fresh aerosol generating material when a previous stored quantity has been used up or to obtain an initial quantity of aerosol generating material to enable a first use of the system. It is proposed that this be done automatically, by provision of apparatus which is termed herein a refilling device, refilling unit, refilling station, or simply dock. The refilling device is configured to receive an aerosol provision system, or more conveniently, the article from an aerosol provision system, having a storage area which is empty (either because the user obtains a new and unused empty article for the system, or because the user has consumed a previously stored quantity of aerosol generating material) or only partly full, plus a larger reservoir holding aerosol generating material. A fluid communication flow path is established between the reservoir and the storage area, and a controller in the refilling device controls a transfer mechanism or arrangement operable to move aerosol generating material along the flow path from the reservoir to the storage area. The transfer mechanism can be activated in response to user input of a refill request to the refilling device, or activation may be automatic in response to a particular state or condition of the refilling device detected by the controller. For example, if both an article and a reservoir are correctly positioned inside the refilling unit, refilling may be carried out. Once the storage area is replenished with a desired quantity of aerosol generating material (the storage area is filled or a user specified quantity of material has been transferred to the article, for example), the transfer mechanism is deactivated, and transfer ceases. Alternatively, the transfer mechanism may be configured to automatically dispense a fixed quantity of aerosol generating material in response to activation by the controller, such as a fixed quantity matching the capacity of the storage area.
The refilling device 50 may be referred to hereinafter for convenience as a “dock”. This term is applicable since a reservoir and an article are received or “docked” in the refilling device during use. The dock 50 comprises an outer housing 52. The dock 50 is expected to be useful for refilling of articles in the home or workplace (rather than being a portable device or a commercial device, although these options are not excluded). Therefore, the outer housing, made for example from metal, plastics or glass, may be designed to have an pleasing outward appearance such as to make it suitable for permanent and convenient access, such as on a shelf, desk, table or counter. It may be any size suitable for accommodating the various elements described herein, such as having dimensions between about 10 cm and 20 cm, although smaller or larger sizes may be preferred.
Inside the housing 50 are defined two cavities or ports 54, 56. A first port 54 is shaped and dimensioned to receive and interface with a reservoir 40. The first or reservoir port 54 is configured to enable an interface between the reservoir 40 and the dock 50, so might alternatively be termed a reservoir interface. Primarily, the reservoir interface is for moving aerosol generating material out of the reservoir 40, but in some cases the interface may enable additional functions, such as electrical contacts and sensing capabilities for communication between the reservoir 40 and the dock 50 and determining characteristics and features of the reservoir 40.
The reservoir 40 comprises a wall or housing 41 that defines a storage space for holding aerosol generating material 42. The volume of the storage space is large enough to accommodate many or several times the storage area of an article intended to be refilled in the dock 50. A user can therefore purchase a filled reservoir of their preferred aerosol generating material (flavor, strength, brand, etc.), and use it to refill an article multiple times. A user could acquire several reservoirs 40 of different aerosol generating materials, so as to have a convenient choice available when refilling an article. The reservoir 40 includes an outlet orifice or opening 44 by which the aerosol generating material 42 can pass out of the reservoir 40. In the current context, the aerosol generating material 42 has a liquid form or a gel form, so may be considered as aerosol generating fluid. The term “fluid” may be used herein for convenience to refer to either a liquid or a gel material; where the term “liquid” is used herein, it should be similarly understood as referring to a liquid or a gel material, unless the context makes it clear that only liquid is intended.
A second port 56 defined inside the housing is shaped and dimensioned to receive and interface with an article 30. The second or article port 54 is configured to enable an interface between the article 30 and the dock 50, so might alternatively be termed an article interface. The article interface 56 is for receiving aerosol generating material into the article 30, and may enable additional functions, such as electrical contacts and sensing capabilities (indicating generally as sensor/contact 59) for communication between the article 30 and the dock 50 and determining characteristics and features of the article 30. In particular, the article interface 56 is configured to enable one or more pre-treatment processes which the dock 50 applies to an article 30 received in the article interface 54 before or after aerosol generating material is delivered from the reservoir 40 to the article 30 in order to prepare the article 30 for use with a device of an aerosol provision system.
The article 30 itself comprises a wall or housing 33 that has within it (but possibly not occupying all the space within the wall 31) a storage area 3 for holding aerosol generating material. The volume of the storage area 3 is many or several times smaller than the volume of the reservoir 40, so that the article 30 can be refilled multiple times from a single reservoir 40. The article also includes an inlet orifice or opening 32 by which aerosol generating material can enter the storage area 3. Various other elements may be included in the article, as discussed above with regard to
The housing 52 of the dock also accommodates a fluid conduit 58, being a passage or flow path by which the reservoir 40 and the storage area 3 of the article 30 are placed in fluid communication, so that aerosol generating material can move from the reservoir 40 to the article 30 when both the reservoir 40 and the article 30 are correctly positioned in the dock 50. Placement of the reservoir 40 and the article 30 into the dock 50 locates and engages them such that the fluid conduit 58 is connected between the outlet orifice 44 of the reservoir 40 and the inlet orifice 32 of the article 30. Note that in some examples, all or part of the fluid conduit 58 may be formed by parts of the reservoir 40 and the article 30, so that the fluid conduit is created and defined only when the reservoir 40 and/or the article 30 are placed in the dock 30. In other cases, the fluid conduit 58 may be a flow path defined within a body of the dock 52, to each end of which the respective orifices are engaged.
Access to the reservoir port 54 and the article port 56 can be by any convenient means. Apertures may be provided in the housing 52 of the dock 50, through which the reservoir 40 and the article 30 can be placed or pushed. Doors or the like may be included to cover the apertures, which might be required to be placed in a closed state to allow refilling to take place. Doors, hatches and other hinged coverings, or sliding access elements such as drawers or trays might include shaped tracks, slots or recesses to receive and hold the reservoir 40 or the article 30, which bring the reservoir 40 or the article 30 into proper alignment inside the housing when the door etc. is closed. These and other alternatives will be apparent to the skilled person, and do not affect the scope of the present disclosure.
The dock 50 also includes an aerosol generating material (“liquid” or “fluid”) transfer mechanism, arrangement, apparatus or means 53, operable to move or cause the movement of fluid out of the reservoir 40, along the conduit 58 and into the article 30. Various options are contemplated for the transfer mechanism 53.
As already noted, a controller 55 is also included in the dock 50. This is operable to control components of the dock 50, in particular to generate and send control signals to operate the transfer mechanism, and to operate features of the dock 50 (not shown in
Finally, the dock 50 includes a power source 57 to provide electrical power for the controller 53, features for enabling the pre-treatment processes, and any other electrical components that may be included in the dock, such as sensors, user inputs such as switches, buttons or touch panels, and display elements such as light emitting diodes and display screens to convey information about the dock's operation and status to the user. Also, the transfer mechanism may be electrically powered. Since the dock may be for permanent location in a house or office, the power source 57 may comprise a socket for connection of an electrical mains cable to the dock 50, so that the dock 50 may be “plugged in”. Alternatively, the power source may comprise one or more batteries, which might be replaceable or rechargeable, in which case a socket connection for a charging cable can be included.
Further details relating to the contemplated pre-treatment processes and control of the refilling will now be described.
A new article acquired by a user from a supplier or manufacturer may be pre-filled and ready for a first use. Alternatively, however, new articles are provided to the user with an empty storage area, and the user uses the dock to fill the storage area, and subsequently refill the storage area when the aerosol generating material (hereinafter referred to as “fluid” for convenience) has been consumed. This arrangement can increase the pre-sale shelf life of an article because deterioration of the fluid is not a consideration, and also avoids the risk of leakage of the fluid during manufacture, shipping, and pre-and post-sale storage of the article. However, it has been recognised that the atomizer of a previously unfilled article may be in suboptimal condition for vapor generation if the article is simply filled and then directly coupled into an aerosol provision system for use by the user. Pre-treatment or conditioning of the atomizer before first use of the article can address such issues by placing the article in an improved condition for use, and pre-treatment can conveniently be performed by the refill dock while the article is received for filling, as an adjunct to the filling process. The term “pre-treatment” signifies a treatment carried out before use of the article in an aerosol provision system to generate aerosol/vapor for consumption by the user; note that a pre-treatment may take place before or after filling of the article's storage area depending on the nature of the process. While the pre-treatments are particularly relevant for new articles in which the atomizer has not been used, they may also be useful for articles which have been previously used, but where the atomizer may have deteriorated or reverted towards its pre-used condition such as after a period of non-use.
Two types of pre-treatment are contemplated, which are applicable to various designs of atomizer, and which can be applied individually or sequentially. A first example is a pre-heating process which is carried out in the absence of fluid in the article, and therefore before filling of the storage area from the reservoir of the refilling dock. A second example is a pre-wetting process which is carried out in the presence of fluid in the article, and therefore during or after filling of the storage area.
The atomizer of an article may have the form of a porous electrically conductive member which is able to both absorb fluid from the storage area of the article, and be heated by the flow of electrical current through it. In this way, a single component is able to perform both wicking and vaporizing of the fluid. The member is formed from a material having a porous structure, that may be provided in a variety of ways, and the electrical conductivity allows the flow of electrical current which raises the temperature of the member. As an example, the member may be formed from a conductive metallic material, which may be made into a porous structure by being configured as metallic fibers or particles which are woven, sintered or otherwise joined together to form a unified conglomerate structure that has interstices between the fibers or particles to provide the porous structure. The member thereby may have the form of a mesh, a grill, a grid or a randomly arranged mass of fibers. The metallic nature of the material enables electrical conductivity. As an example, the metallic material may be stainless steel, but other metals or metallic alloys may also be used. As an alternative, ceramic materials which are electrically conductive, and have an inherent porosity are also known and may be used. The porous electrically conductive heating member may conveniently have a planar shape, which maximises the surface area available for vaporization and allows all absorbed fluid to be relatively close to the surface for the escape of the vapor. Other shapes may be used, however, for both metallic and ceramic members. When installed as an atomizer in a newly-fabricated article with an empty fluid storage area, the atomizer may remain dry and unused for a considerable period before its first use. During this time, a deterioration of the heating member may occur. For example, since the heating member is exposed to air, and has a large surface area, significant oxidation of the material from which it is formed, such as metal fibers, can occur. The oxidation, or other atmospheric reactions or deposits from the atmosphere, forms atmospheric contaminants which degrade the surface of the heating member. The porous structure may become clogged by the contaminants, which makes subsequent absorption of fluid from the storage area, when it is eventually filled, inefficient, leading to poor vapor production and a possible bad taste of the vapor. The resistance of the heating member may also be modified by the changes, distorting the intended heating performance and vapor production of the heating member. However, such contaminants can be reduced or removed by heating the heating element. Accordingly, it is proposed that a pre-treatment for an article can comprise a heating period during which the temperature of the atomizer is raised; this refurbishes the atomizer and restores its surface to or towards its original condition. Effective absorption of the fluid can then take place once the article has been filled, and vapor generation can take place as intended. This pre-heating process can be carried out by supplying electrical power to the heating member once the article is received in the refilling dock for filling, causing electrical current flow and a temperature increase. Once the pre-heating has been performed, the article's storage area is filled from the reservoir of the refilling dock.
The article has an atomizer 5 in the form of a porous and electrically conductive heating member, as discussed above. The atomizer 5 is arranged so as to be able to absorb fluid from the storage area 2. For example, the atomizer 5 may be arranged with one or more edges, sides, ends or surfaces within the interior of the storage area 3 so that it can be in contact fluid in the storage area 3 once the storage area 3 has been filled with fluid. An accurate depiction of any such arrangement is not attempted in
The dock further comprises a power source 57 (which may be internal or external to the dock, as described above). In order to perform the preheating treatment process, the controller 55 is configured to control the power source to supply electrical power P so as to produce a flow of electrical current in the atomizer 5. This causes the atomizer to heat up, thereby destroying, changing, driving off or otherwise removing contaminants that may have accumulated on the atomizer 5 during a period of non-use. The current flow is provided for the duration of a heating period, sufficient to allow a satisfactory removal of contaminants. Typically, the heating period will have a duration of 10 seconds or less, so the process is not unduly time consuming. Indeed, suitable heating can be achieved in a much shorter time periods, for example as little as 3 seconds. Shorter or longer heating periods may alternatively be used however, as convenient or appropriate. Usefully, the atomizer may have its temperature increased to 500° C., although lower temperatures may be used. More generally therefore, the atomizer temperature may be increased by the heating period to a temperature in the range of 200° C. to 500° C., or in the range 400° C. to 500° C. Other temperatures are not excluded, however. Once the end of the heating period is reached, the controller 55 controls the power source 57 to cease supply of the power P and the flow of current in the atomizer 5.
Once the heating has been applied for the duration of the heating period, the atomizer 5 has been wholly or partly restored to its original condition, and/or had its properties or condition for use in vapor generation enhanced compared with prior to the heating period, and is suitable for safe and efficient vapor generation via absorption and vaporization of fluid from the storage area 3. To enable this, it is necessary to proceed to filling the storage area 3. Accordingly, after the heating period has come to an end, the controller 55 executes a filling action, by appropriate control of the transfer mechanism 53 to move fluid out of the reservoir, along the fluid conduit 58 and into the storage area 3 while the fluid conduit is engaged with the inlet orifice 32. This engagement may made before, after or during the heating period. Once a desired amount of fluid has been delivered into the storage area 3, the filling action completes by disengagement of the fluid conduit 58 from the inlet orifice 32, and the article can be removed from the article interface 56 and is ready for use.
The electrical current flow in the atomizer may be caused so as to generate heating by resistive heating or by inductive heating.
However, the supply of fluid directly into the articles storage area may enable vapor generation if the atomizer absorbs fluid when it is still at an elevated temperature. This is wasteful of the fluid, and can also cause vapor to enter the interior of the refilling dock, via the mouthpiece outlet of the article. The presence of vapor inside the dock may damage the dock's components, particularly electrical parts so is undesirable. Hence, it is proposed that, if vapor generation is likely to be a problem (if the heating period raises the temperature of the atomizer to a level sufficient for vaporization to occur), a cooling period is introduced between the heating period and the filling action.
As described above, the pre-heating treatment is particularly useful for refurbishing the atomizer of a new and unused article. It may not be desirable to implement pre-heating with an article which has already been used for vapor generation, since any fluid remaining in the porous structure of the atomizer might be vaporized within the dock when the atomizer heats up. In order to address this, it is proposed that pre-heating can be limited to articles which have not previously been filled. The article may be equipped with a fill status indicator which can be read or detected by the controller when the article is received in the article interface. If the controller determines that the article has not previously been filled, pre-heating is performed before filling the article. If the controller determines that the article has previously been filled, the pre-heating is omitted and the controller proceeds directly to execution of the filling action. When the filling action is performed for the first time, the controller modifies the article so that the fill status indicator indicates that the dock has been filled. When the article is subsequently returned to the dock for refilling, the controller can determine from the fill status indicator that this is not the first fill, and omits the heating period.
A new unused article 30 has its tab 68 intact and unmodified, for example with a surface largely flush with the outer surface of the housing, or possibly inset a little to protect it from accidental damage. When the article 30 is inserted into the article interface 56, the controller controls the ram 69 to move towards and against the tab 68. Impact of the ram 68 with the tab 68 is detected, for example by detecting a current spike at the motor 72 when the ram 86 meets the resistance against its forward motion provided by the tab 68. Other detection methods can be used, however. From this, the controller 55 determines that the article 30 has not previously been filled, and proceeds to execute the pre-heating process, followed by the filling action. Additionally, the ram 69 is advanced further so that the pressure of the end of the ram 69 against the tab 68 moves or damages the tag in such a way that it no longer occupies its original position. This can be done as a continuation of the initial ram advancement used to detect the intact condition of the tab 68, or as a separate step after filling. The ram 69 is then retracted out of the access opening 56b and the filled article 30 is able to be removed from the article interface 56 and used for vapor generation. When the article 30, now with a physically modified tab 68, is subsequently placed in the dock for refilling, the controller 55 again operates the ram 69. Now, the absence of the tab 68 at its original position means that the advancing ram 69 does not make contact with the tab 68 at the expected time/place, and the tab 68 is not detected. For example, there will be no current spike at the motor at the expected time. The controller 55 determines from this that the article has previously been filled, can retract the ram 69, and proceeds directly to execute the filling action without the preliminary heating period. It will be apparent that the tab can be made detectably modifiable in various ways, any of which may be used as appropriate. Some examples which use a ram are now discussed, but the invention is not limited in this way.
The fill status indicator tab can be provided on any part of the outer surface of the article, perhaps in a position to align with a convenient location of the ram within the dock. However, it may be located on an end face of the article which is coupled to the device of the aerosol provision system, so as to be hidden when the system is assembled for use.
Other configurations for providing a modifiable aspect to the article which can be “read” or accessed by the controller to determine a fill status may alternatively be used in place of fill status data stored in memory or a physical tab.
We now turn to the proposed second example of a pre-treatment for an article which can be implemented in refill dock. As noted above, the second example is a pre-wetting process which is carried out in the presence of fluid in the article, and therefore during or after filling of the storage area. When an article is filled for the first time, or refilled after a period of non-use, the atomizer will be dry, having yet absorbed fluid from the newly filled storage area. If the user attempts to use the aerosol provision system promptly after filling, the atomizer may still be dry or relatively dry, which can give a poor aerosol delivery experience and may damage the atomizer. To address this, it is proposed to apply a pre-treatment in form of a pre-wetting process to an article after it has been filled or refilled. The pre-wetting process promotes absorption of fluid by the atomizer so that it is primed for use on removal from the refilling dock.
While the mouthpiece outlet 35a of the article 30 provides a convenient port for the extraction of air from the article, the pump may be engaged with any other opening in the article housing that is in airflow communication with the atomizer. For example, inlets to the airflow path through the article may be used.
It is also proposed that the pre-wetting treatment can usefully be applied without the pre-heating treatment, in order to load the atomizer with fluid ready for aerosol production. In the context of articles with a monolithic atomizer comprising a porous electrically conductive heating member as considered thus far (metallic or ceramic, for example), this may be useful where the atomizer comprises a material that is not subject to significant unwanted deterioration while standing in a dry and unused state, for example, or where the provision of pre-heating capability is considered to add too much time to the refilling cycle or unwanted complication to the dock configuration. Additionally, however, pre-wetting is useful for other types of atomizer which may not require a pre-heating treatment, and are configured otherwise. In particular, an atomizer may be formed out separate elements for wicking and for heating/vaporizing. The atomizer may comprise a porous material transfer component or wicking member for absorbing fluid from the storage area, and an adjacent heater or heating element formed from an electrically conductive material such as metal or ceramic. The wicking member may comprise an elongate fibrous member formed from fibers of, for example, cotton, ceramic, glass, or synthetic material, bundled, twisted or woven together, or from a solid material with pores or a porous structure, such as a ceramic material. Other shapes for the wicking member are also possible. The heater may be formed as a shaped metallic wire heating element, formed as a coil, a line, or a serpentine or other curved shape, or have a flat formed stamped from metal, or may be printed onto a substrate or printed into the heater. In general the heater is arranged adjacent to the wicking member, often in contact with it, so that heat energy from the heater is transferred to fluid in the wicking member. The heater may be external to the wicking member or embedded or otherwise disposed inside the wicking member. The heater may be configured with electrical connections for the supply of current so as to operate by resistive (Ohmic or Joule) heating, or may be configured as a susceptor for inductive heating.
The article 30 has an atomizer 5 in the form of a porous wicking member 6 with an elongate shape, the ends of which extend into the storage area 3 to absorb fluid, plus a heating element 4 in the form of a wire coil wrapped around the wicking member. Electrical connection of the heating element 4 is omitted for clarity.
The dock further comprises a controller 55, which, as explained with reference to
An additional example will now be described, which is a version of the first example since it utilizes a pre-heating period for atomizers having the form of a porous electrically conductive member which may degrade over time and benefit from refurbishment before a first use for vaporing fluid from the storage area. In this example, however, the pre-heating is implemented in the aerosol provision system itself, rather than in a refilling dock. This is enabled since electrically operated aerosol provision systems comprise a power source (battery) for supplying electrical power to the atomizer during vapor generation that can additionally be used to power a pre-heating treatment. The aerosol provision system therefore comprises a refillable storage area for fluid, an atomizer having porosity for absorbing fluid from the storage area and comprising an electrically conductive heating member for vaporing the absorbed fluid (as described above for the first example), and a battery for supplying electrical power to cause heating of the heating member. Additionally, the aerosol provision system comprises a controller, which is typically present in such systems for controlling the supply of electrical power to the heating member for vapor generation, and in this example is configured to operate the battery to supply electrical power to produce current flow in the heating member during a heating period to cause heating of the heating member-this is the pre-heating period. In general, the controller can be configured to implement the pre-heating in the same way as the controller of the refilling dock described above, but will be not be configured to control any filling of the storage area since this is relevant to a refilling dock only. Hence, the heating period may have a duration such as described above, for example ten seconds or less.
It is necessary to distinguish between operation of the heating member for pre-heating and more general operation of the heating member for vapor generation. The pre-heating need only be performed when the atomizer is new and unused (and therefore potentially degraded or deteriorated), and should not otherwise be implemented since it may interfere with or be confused with vapor generation and produce a poor experience for the user. The aerosol provision system may be provided initially with an empty but refillable storage area, and the atomizer will be completely dry before the storage area is filled, so that the pre-heating may be carried out before or shortly after the user has filled the storage area for the first time and made the aerosol provision system ready for vapor generation. In other cases, the aerosol provision system may be provided initially with a filled storage area (which may be refillable or single use) and the atomizer may be dry, partly dry, or wet, and pre-heating is carried out before a first use of the atomizer for vapor generation. A different amount of power (less or more) may be supplied to the heating member for pre-heating than for vapor generation, or a single power level may be used for both types of heating.
In order to show when pre-heating is appropriate, namely, before the first use of the atomizer for vapor generation, when the atomizer is new and possibly degraded, the aerosol provision system additionally includes a use status indicator that indicates the use status of the heating member as being either unused (new) or used (already used for vapor generation, or at least ready to be used for vapor generation). The controller is configured to interrogate or sense the use status indicator in order to determine from it whether the heating member is used or unused. If the heating member is determined to be unused, the controller operates the battery in order to apply the heating period of the pre-heating treatment. If the heating member is determined to be used, the controller skips the pre-heating treatment and operates the battery only to heat the heating member for vapor generation. Hence, the use status indicator performs a similar function as the fill status indicator described with respect to the first example, but in this example the term “use” may be considered more relevant than “fill”, since the storage area may or may not be refillable and the aerosol provision system may be provided with the storage area empty or pre-filled.
Various forms of fill status indictor are envisaged, and may be similar to the forms of use status indicator already described. The type of use status indicator chosen may depend on the overall format of the aerosol provision system. As described above with regard to
A first example of a use status indicator, which is suitable for both unitary and two-component systems, is a memory in which data representing or indicating the use status of the heating member is stored. The data may comprise a 0 or a 1, or other two-state indicator or flag. When the heating member is unused (for example, the aerosol provision system is new, or the article is new in the case of two-component systems), the use status data reflects this, for example having been set appropriately during manufacture of the system. The controller reads the data, for example prompted by a powering up the system, or a connecting of the components, and if the use status data shows an unused status, the controller determines that the heating member is used, and carries out a pre-heating by causing heating of the heating member for the heating period. In order to avoid further unnecessary pre-heating, the controller changes the use status data to show a used status for the heating member. On subsequent powering up or connection of the components, the controller will determine from the use status indicator that the heating member is used, and will not apply the pre-heating treatment.
A second example of a use status indicator, primarily suitable for two-component systems, is a use status indicator tab comprised in the article, and similar to the tabs described above. The article is provided when new with the tab in a first configuration or position, from which the tab can be modified into a second configuration (such as moved, distorted, damaged or removed) by physical contact. This first configuration indicates that the heating member is unused. The tab is located on the article in a location where it comes into contact with a part of the device component when the article and the device component are brought together for connection, such as a protrusion on a surface of the device component that faces towards the tab when the article and the device component are connected. Hence, when the article and the device component have been connected, the tab is modified by the act of having been connected, and now has the second configuration, indicating that the heating member has been used, or is at least ready to be used. The controller is configured to detect that the state of the tab and hence determine the use status of the heating member so that the pre-heating treatment can be performed if the use status is “unused”. For example, for a new article, the controller may detect that the tab is in the first configuration as the components are being connected, such as by detecting physical resistance as the protrusion meets the tab (for example if the protrusion is spring-mounted), so that it is determined that the heating member is new. If the same article is subsequently reconnected to the device component, the tab will be already modified by contact with the protrusion, the protrusion will meet no or less resistance during connection, and a used state of the heating member will be determined.
Other examples of a use status indicator are not excluded, and may be apparent to the skilled person.
As described above, the aerosol provision system may be configured to employ resistive heating for the heating member, so that there is electrical connection between the battery and the atomizer, or the aerosol provision system may be configured to employ inductive heating for the heating member, so that an induction work coil is included in the system that receives power from the battery to heat the heating member by induction.
The various embodiments described herein are presented only to assist in understanding and teaching the claimed features. These embodiments are provided as a representative sample of embodiments only, and are not exhaustive and/or exclusive. It is to be understood that advantages, embodiments, examples, functions, features, structures, and/or other aspects described herein are not to be considered limitations on the scope of the invention as defined by the claims or limitations on equivalents to the claims, and that other embodiments may be utilized and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the claimed invention. Various embodiments of the invention may suitably comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of, appropriate combinations of the disclosed elements, components, features, parts, steps, means, etc., other than those specifically described herein. In addition, this disclosure may include other inventions not presently claimed, but which may be claimed in future.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2203110.8 | Mar 2022 | GB | national |
The present application is a National Phase entry of PCT Application No. PCT/GB2023/050520 filed Mar. 6, 2023, which claims priority to GB Application No. 2203110.8 filed Mar. 7, 2022, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/GB2023/050520 | 3/6/2023 | WO |