Patent Application
20140186486
This disclosure generally relates to seeds for use in manufacturing semiconductor or solar wafers, and more specifically, to systems for producing seeds for ingot growth.
Silicon seeds are the starting material in many processes for fabricating semiconductor electronic components and solar materials. For example, a silicon seed brick may be split into multiple seeds. To produce semiconductor or solar wafers, and in particular high efficiency solar wafers, a silicon ingot may be produced by melting polycrystalline silicon in a crucible of a directional solidification system (DSS) furnace from the top down to the seeds at the bottom of the crucible. Directional solidification generally maintains the seed crystalline structure throughout the produced ingot. The silicon ingot is then machined into wafers, which can be used in a variety of electronic or solar components.
In some applications, cutting individual seeds from a cylindrical rod may be time-consuming. Further, using a band saw to cut seeds may result in a poor surface finish on the resulting seeds, and may cause irregular and/or misshapen mating surfaces on the resulting seeds.
This Background section is intended to introduce the reader to various aspects of art that may be related to various aspects of the present disclosure, which are described and/or claimed below. This discussion is believed to be helpful in providing the reader with background information to facilitate a better understanding of the various aspects of the present disclosure. Accordingly, it should be understood that these statements are to be read in this light, and not as admissions of prior art.
One aspect is an apparatus for producing rectangular seeds for use in semiconductor or solar material manufacturing including a template having a top surface and a plurality of parallel slots, and an adhesive layer connected to the top surface of the template. The adhesive layer includes alignment lines aligned with the parallel slots. The apparatus further includes quarter sections made of a semiconductor or solar material and connected to the alignment layer. An interface between a rectangular seed portion and a curved wing portion of each quarter section is aligned with at least one of the alignment lines. A wire web is configured to slice through the interface of each quarter section to separate the rectangular seed portions from the curved wing portions to produce rectangular seeds.
Another aspect is an apparatus for producing rectangular seeds comprising a template including a top surface and a plurality of parallel slots, and an adhesive layer connected to the top surface of the template. The adhesive layer includes alignment lines aligned with the parallel slots. Quarter sections are connected to the alignment layer. An interface between a rectangular seed portion and a curved wing portion of each quarter section is aligned with at least one of the alignment lines. Each quarter section includes a first planar surface, a second planar surface opposite the first planar surface, a first side surface orthogonal to and extending between the first and second planar surfaces, a second side surface opposite the first side surface, an arcuate surface extending between the first and second planar surfaces, and an end surface opposite the arcuate surface. A wire web is included for separating the rectangular seed portions from the curved wing portions to produce rectangular seeds.
Various refinements exist of the features noted in relation to the above-mentioned aspects. Further features may also be incorporated in the above-mentioned aspects as well. These refinements and additional features may exist individually or in any combination. For instance, various features discussed below in relation to any of the illustrated embodiments may be incorporated into any of the above-described aspects, alone or in any combination.
Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.
Referring initially to
The method 100 generally includes a step 102 of applying an adhesive layer to a top surface of a template, a step 104 of connecting an alignment layer to the template, a step 106 of drawing a plurality of alignment lines on the alignment layer, a step 108 of connecting a plurality of cylindrical rods to the alignment layer, and a step 110 of slicing the plurality of cylindrical rods to produce a plurality of rectangular seed bricks.
Referring to
In this embodiment, template 202 includes six vertical slots 206 and six horizontal slots 208 arranged in a grid that subdivides template 202 into twenty-five square-shaped sections 210 of equal size. In this embodiment, each square-shaped section 210 has dimensions of approximately 156 millimeters (mm) by approximately 156 mm. As template 202 includes a 5×5 grid of square-shaped sections 210, template 202 may also be referred to as a G5 template.
In other embodiments, template 202 may include any suitable number of horizontal and vertical slots 206 and 208, so as to divide template 202 into any suitable number of square-shaped sections 210. For example, in some embodiments, template 202 includes nine vertical slots 206 and nine horizontal slots 208 to divide template 202 into sixty four square-shaped sections 210 (i.e., an 8×8 grid).
As shown in
Referring back to
Referring back to
An intersection between diagonal alignment lines 408 is referred to as a node 420. In this embodiment, diagonal alignment lines 408 intersect to demarcate a plurality of nodes 420 on alignment layer 300.
Referring back to
As shown in
As shown in
In this embodiment, the following process is performed to connect each cylindrical rod 600 to alignment layer 300. First, cylindrical rod 600 is placed onto alignment layer 300 without using double-sided mounting tape 800. Cylindrical rod 600 is positioned until the center 700 of cylindrical rod 600 is aligned with an associated node 420. Once cylindrical rod 600 is aligned, at least one or more alignment marks are made on a side of cylindrical rod 600 that corresponds to a crystal 1-1-0 direction. This mark may be a semi-notch, ZD growth line, or other mark that is in the crystal 1-1-0 direction. For example, one or more alignment marks may be drawn on the side of cylindrical rod 600 where diagonal alignment lines 408 intersect cylindrical rod 600. One or more alignment marks may also be drawn on alignment layer 300. Also, other crystal directions may be used in other embodiments.
Cylindrical rod 600 is then removed from alignment layer 300. In this embodiment, double-sided mounting tape 800 includes opposing adhesive surfaces that are each covered by a removable non-stick protective film. One non-stick protective film is peeled away to expose one of the two adhesive surfaces, and double-sided mounting tape 800 is adhered to cylindrical rod 600 using the exposed adhesive surface. Cylindrical rod 600 is again placed onto alignment layer 300, with the adhesive surface facing alignment layer 300 still covered by a non-stick protective film. Using the at least one previously drawn alignment mark, cylindrical rod 600 is again aligned with the associated node 420.
Once aligned, an outline of cylindrical rod 600 (i.e., a circle in this embodiment) is drawn on alignment layer 300. Cylindrical rod 600 is then tilted to expose double-sided mounting tape 800. The remaining non-stick protective film is peeled away to expose the second adhesive surface, and cylindrical rod 600 is carefully lowered back into place such that rod 600 aligns with the drawn outline, ensuring that center 700 is substantially aligned with the associated node 420. This process is repeated to connect each cylindrical rod 600 to alignment layer 300.
As shown in
Referring back to
In this embodiment, multi-wire web is lowered until vertical and horizontal cutting wires cut through alignment layer 300, such that multi-wire web passes all the way through cylindrical rods 600. As multi-wire web is lowered, the vertical and horizontal cutting wires pass through and slice 110 cylindrical rods 600.
As shown in
Each rectangular seed brick 906 can be marked and cropped into individual seeds 1002, as shown in
In this embodiment, seeds 1002 are each used as a seed crystal in a directional solidification system (DSS) furnace to generate an ingot with a mono-like structure (i.e., a substantially mono-crystalline structure). Quarter sections 904 and corner portions 902 may also be cropped for use as seed crystals in a DSS furnace, as described herein. Semiconductor wafers and/or high-efficiency solar wafers may be produced from the mono-like ingot generated in the DSS furnace.
Using corner portions 902 and/or quarter sections 904 (and/or its cropped half-wings) in arrangement 1200 instead of filler material 1104 improves mono coverage of the ingot. Specifically, because corner portions 902 and quarter sections 904 (and/or its cropped half-wings) are monocrystalline silicon, corner portions 902 and quarter sections 904 (and/or its cropped half-wings) provide more material for producing mono-like silicon ingots than the polysilicon filler material 1104 of arrangement 1100. Arrangement 1200 may also be covered with filler material 1104 prior to being melted.
As shown in
To align quarter sections 904, an adhesive layer 1402 (e.g., pieces of double sided tape) is applied to top surface 222 of template 202 such that adhesive layer 1402 covers at least a portion of slots 204. A plurality of adhesive alignment lines 1404 are drawn on adhesive layer 1402. Adhesive alignment lines 1404 are substantially aligned with slots 204 covered by adhesive layer 1402.
Quarter section alignment lines 1406 are drawn on each quarter section 904. Specifically, in this embodiment, quarter section alignment lines 1406 are drawn on planar surface 1302 where interface 1334 intersects planar surface 1302, and on planar surface 1304 where interface 1334 intersects planar surface 1304. Quarter sections 904 are placed on adhesive layer 1402 such that quarter section alignment lines 1406 are aligned with the adhesive alignment lines 1404. Accordingly, for each quarter section 904, interface 1334 is aligned with a corresponding slot 402. Adhesive layer 1402 facilitates securing a position of quarter sections 904 during slicing.
To produce seeds 1002 from quarter sections 904, the multi-wire web (not shown) is lowered onto apparatus 1400. Cutting wires (e.g., vertical wires and/or horizontal wires) in the multi-wire web slice along interfaces 1334 of each quarter section 904 to separate seed portions 1330 from curved wing portions 1332. The sliced seed portions 1330 are rectangular seeds 1002. To further control dimensions of seeds 1002, the quarter sections 904 may be also sliced by wires in the multi-wire web that are substantially orthogonal to interfaces 1334. Seeds 1002 produced from quarter sections 904 may be used in, for example, arrangement 1100 and/or arrangement 1200.
To align curved side wings 1502, an adhesive layer 1504 (e.g., pieces of double sided tape) is applied to top surface 222 of template 202. A curved side wing alignment line 1506 is drawn on each curved side wing 1502. Specifically, in this embodiment, for each curved side wing 1502, a curved side wing alignment line 1506 is drawn on arcuate surface 1310 substantially equidistant between first planar surface first edge 1312 and second planar surface first edge 1314. The curved side wings 1502 are placed on adhesive layer 1504 such that curved side wing alignment lines 1506 are aligned with slots 204. Adhesive layer 1504 facilitates securing a position of curved side wings 1502 during slicing.
To slice curved side wings 1502, the multi-wire web (not shown) is lowered onto apparatus 1500. Cutting wires (e.g., vertical wires and/or horizontal wires) in the multi-wire web slice through curved side wings 1502 at alignment lines 1506 to bisect each curved side wing 1502 into two half wings. To further control dimensions of half wings, the curved side wings 1502 may be also sliced by wires in the multi-wire web that are substantially orthogonal to alignment lines 1506. As explained above, the half wings produced using apparatus 1500 may be used in arrangement 1200.
In one embodiment, the slicing operation described in reference to
Using slicing operations substantially similar to those specifically described herein, pieces other than quarter sections 904 that result from slicing cylindrical rods (e.g., rods 600) may be used to generate material for a DSS furnace. For example, at least one cylindrical rod having a diameter in a range of 195-210 mm may be squared to produce four side wings and a rectangular or pseudo-rectangular brick similar to seed brick 906. The side wings can be bisected using methods substantially similar to those described in reference to
Embodiments of the methods and systems described herein achieve superior results compared to prior methods and systems. For example, unlike at least some known seed brick production methods, the methods described herein produce a plurality of seed bricks significantly more quickly by simultaneously slicing a plurality of cylindrical rods. Further, unlike at least some known seed brick production methods that utilize band saws, the methods described herein utilize a multi-wire web and associated template, resulting in a uniform surface finish with parallel and square mating surfaces of the produced seed bricks, and reducing kerf loss. Moreover, the rectangular seed bricks, quarter sections, and corner portions produced using the methods described herein may be used as seeds in a crucible of a DSS furnace to produce mono-like silicon ingots. For example, the quarter sections may be sliced using the template and multi-wire web to produce curved side wings and additional rectangular seeds. Generally, the embodiments described enable producing seed bricks easier, faster, and/or less expensively than prior systems.
When introducing elements of the present invention or the embodiment(s) thereof, the articles “a”, “an”, “the” and “said” are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. The terms “comprising”, “including” and “having” are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements.
As various changes could be made in the above without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description and shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
