Patent Application
20140311430
The invention relates to power plants with internal combustion engines, and can be used in vehicles: cars, planes, tractors, vessels, including boats, etc., as well as stationary and portable engines.
Prototype of the present invention is the standard arrangement of the engine and its units at power plant. Thus arrangement used at the majority of cars, planes and other vehicles and stationary machines. In the above mentioned vehicles and stationary machines there are enough hollow elements some of which are listed below. Many big and/or prestigious cars, as well as tractors, construction equipment, etc. have bumpers (and other protections for real protection against impact or decorative) in the form of tubes of big diameter. Many vehicles and planes have hollow elements: wings, body sill, pillars and frames of a body, an axis, etc. The, car, plane, tractor, locomotive, ship, bicycle, the power generator with ICE (including current generator for hand tool, compressor, etc.), construction equipment, etc.—often have a hollow frame, a support with hollow element, etc.
At a motor saw (generally chainsaw for cutting of trees, etc.), mower, lawn-mower hollow elements can be handle or frame.
In the most of power plants not hollow elements, for example, not hollow frames can be replaced by corresponding hollow inside elements.
Cooling devices considerably increase dimensions and weight of power plant. Air blow-off these cooling devices requires energy. At parts of planes, radiators are blown by air stream that increases rolling resistance to plane movement, therefore increases energy consumption.
Heat-exchange surfaces of hollow elements of a design in known power plants aren't used for cooling of charge-air, cooling liquid, oil of lubrication system and oil of engine oil cooling system. For stationary and portable power plant it is convective transfer. And for vehicles—is a heat exchange with air which blows in the external surfaces of hollow elements of a design when driving vehicles.
It is means that the natural blowing happening without additional power consumption isn't used.
At ships, including boat (at known arrangement of motor in the power plant) the heat exchange of hollow elements directly with surrounding water isn't used, for example, heat exchange of hollow elements, which is a part of boards of a vessel, isn't used.
The exhaust valves 7, 8, 9, 10 are connected to the turbine 11 of the turbocharger 12. The compressor 13 of this turbocharger is connected by an outlet branch pipe with the hollow element of the plane, namely, to the hollow frame 14 passing round a fuselage. The intake manifold of the engine is connected with this hollow frame. Specifically, the internal cavity of the frame 14 connected with the engine intake valves by branches 15, 16, 17, 18 of the intake manifold: the branch 15 connects the internal cavity of the frame 14 with the intake valve 3, the branch 16—with the intake valve 4, the branch 17—with the intake valve 5, the branch 18—with the intake valve 6.
The internal cavity of the frame 14 is divided by the partition 19 which serves for the direction of movement of charge-air.
To intensify the heat exchange the internal surface of the frame has to be supplied with ribs or other well-known elements intensifies the heat transfer. Use of a spiral, partitions and other details improving a heat transfer from air to walls of the frame is possible. For increase the heat transfer from the external surface of the frame, it can be supplied with the edges parallel to the axis of the plane.
Combustion products from the exhaust valves 7, 8, 9, 10 flow into the turbine 11. In
Charge-air cooling in other vehicles is carried out in the same way as in the planes.
Charge-air boosts into hollow elements of cars, motorcycles, tractors, locomotives, bicycles, construction equipment, ships or other vehicles or stationary machines and portable engines: electric power-generators, hand tool, compressors, mowing machines, lawn-mowers, saw, etc. As hollow elements of designs used: bumpers (and other protections for real protection against shock or decorative), car fenders or fenders of the other abovementioned machines, body sills, flashes, body frames, hollow axes, elements for support and protection of stationary ICE, etc. In these cases fenders of the car and other above-mentioned and similar details and parts made so that they have a cavity inside, for example, in the form of boxes, tubes, pipes.
Use of hollow elements of a design of power plant for cooling of oil and liquid of the cooling system of the engine is absolutely similar. Place of an exit of hot cooling liquid or hot oil by an output branch pipe connects to a hollow element of a design.
Other place of the hollow element of a design connects, to the inlet of cooling liquid (coolant, cooled liquid) to the engine, for example, to the inlet branch pipe of the engine cooling system or to the inlet of the lubrication system and/or oil cooling system of the engine. Cooling liquid or oil flow through the hollow element(hollow elements) of the design, therefore cooling without radiator installation or radiator reduction are reached.
In the version of the rotary engine and, in particular, in Wankel engine oil or/and air-oil mixture as a coolant delivers on inside surface of the rotor (rotor-piston). Under the inside surface the lateral cylindrical surface of a circular-hole in the rotor and/or a tooth-gearing on the inside of the rotor (rotor-piston) means. Under the oil delivers is meant: oil injection on the internal surface of the rotor or supply to the rotor internal surface oil-air mixture (oil mist) or lubrication oil running off. Then the oil or/and air-oil mixture is taken away from the engine for the subsequent cooling in the power plant's hollow elements.
In turbocharged engines at high loadings the waste gate bypasses exhaust gases, i.e. part of exhaust gases throws out. In version of the present invention energy of these gases is used. For example, this energy is used for the organization of flow of the cooling oil-air mixture or air through the internal cavity of the rotor. In particular, this energy is used for ejection of the air-oil mixture or air cooling the rotor. For this purpose the ejector which connects to the internal cavity of the rotor and waste gate channel is installed. Thus without special expenses of energy, due to energy of thrown-out exhaust gases, flow of the air-oil mixture or air and respectively cooling of the internal surface of the rotor is carried out.
For reduction of oil losses, devices for separation oil from air and for the oil return to the lubrication system and/or to system of oil-cooling of the rotor are installed in the power plant's hollow elements. As oil separation devices, for example, standard centrifugal separators of oil can be used.
Devices for separation of oil can combine functions of separation and improvement the heat transfer from oil to the walls of the power plant hollow elements. In
The air-oil mixture supply from under piston space or from internal cavity of the rotor into the hollow elements of the power plant can be carried out by many methods and devices. For example, the air-oil mixture can be sucked away by the centrifugal compressor (through its inlet branch pipe) from the internal cavity of the rotor and (through exhaust branch pipe of the same compressor) boosts the air-oil mixture into the power plant's hollow elements. In the last the mixture is cooled and separated, air is taken away from the power plant hollow elements outside, and the separated oil comes back to system of lubrication and/or cooling of the engine oil.
Air or air-oil mixture can be supplied into the internal cavity of the rotor variously: by wind blast at vehicle movement, by the supercharger compression or the fan, by the compressor given to rotation by the turbine (turbocharger) which rotates by exhaust gases, etc.
In case of use of the turbine it is possible to use in the turbine that part of exhaust gases which on the high loads is bypassed around the turbocharger's turbine through the waste gate.
